wheel ACURA TL 1995 Service Service Manual

Component Location s
ABS CONTRO L UNI TSERVIC E CHEC K CONNECTO R (2P )
STEERIN G ANGL E SENSO R RIGHT-REA
R WHEE L SENSO R
TCS CONTRO L UNI T
UNDER-DAS H RELA Y BO X
POWERTRAI N
CONTRO L MODUL E (PCM )
EC T SENSO R
TC S CONTRO L VALV E
SENSO R
RIGHT-FRON T
WHEE L SENSO R
LEFT-REA RWHEEL SENSO R
TC S SWITC H
UNDER-DAS H FUSE/RELA Y BO X
UNDER-DAS H FUSE/RELA Y BO X
GAUG E ASSEMBL Y
TC S INDICATO R LIGH T
UNDER-HOO D FUSE/RELA Y BO X BACK-U
P LIGHTS /
METE R LIGHT S
(1 0 A ) FUS E EC
U (PCM)/CRUIS E
CONTRO L
(1 5 A ) FUS E
BATTER Y (120A ) FUS E
UNDER-DASH RELA Y BO X
I G S W (5 0 A ) FUS E
FAIL-SAF E RELA Y
TCS CONTRO L
VALV E ACTUATO R
UNDER-HOO D FUSE/RELA Y BO X
LEFT-FRON
T WHEE L SENSO R
TCS/RUNNIN GLIGHT (1 5 A ) FUS ESTOP/HOR N(20 A ) FUS E
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System Descriptio n
Outline
Role o f Syste m
Th e tractio n contro l i s a variabl e syste m designe d t o enhanc e tractio n durin g acceleratio n an d cornering . I t doe s s o b y
determinin g th e optimu m amoun t o f whee l spi n fo r an y give n drivin g situation , the n suppressin g surplu s engin e powe r
accordingly .
Constructio n an d Functio n
The TC S contro l uni t get s signal s abou t th e vehicle' s speed , direction , an d roa d condition s fro m sensor s a t th e wheel s an d
the steerin g column . Base d o n thes e signals , th e contro l uni t wil l determin e th e optimu m amoun t o f whee l spin . Becaus e
th e syste m is variable , th e contro l uni t ma y determine , dependin g o n th e drivin g conditions , tha t som e whee l spi n i s bene -
ficia l (thu s enhancin g straight-lin e acceleration) , o r tha t n o whee l spi n i s beneficia l (thu s enhancin g cornering) . Fo r an y
give n drivin g situation , th e contro l uni t wil l determin e th e amoun t o f whee l spi n bes t suite d t o th e driver' s need s and , i f
necessary , wil l the n signa l th e TC S contro l valv e actuato r an d Powertrai n Contro l Modul e (PCM ) t o reduc e engin e power .
Th e syste m is automaticall y "ready " wheneve r th e engine is started , bu t ca n b e manuall y cancele d wit h th e TC S switch .
However , onc e activated , th e syste m canno t b e cancele d unti l i t i s onc e agai n i n th e read y state .
SERVIC E CHEC K CONNECTO R (2P )ABS CONTRO L UNI TTCS CONTRO L UNI TUNDER-DAS H RELA Y BO X
POWERTRAI N
CONTRO L MODUL E (PCM )
EC T SENSO R
TC S CONTRO L VALV E
ANGL E SENSO R STEERIN
G ANGL E SENSO R
RIGHT-REA R WHEE L SENSO R
RIGHT-FRON T
WHEE L SENSO R
Components :
• Whee l sensors : Th e TC S "shares " th e whee l sensor s wit h th e ABS . Th e whee l sensor s transmi t whee l spee d signal s t o
th e TC S throug h th e AB S contro l unit .
• Steerin g angl e sensor : Th e steerin g angl e senso r signal s th e TC S contro l uni t abou t th e amoun t o f steerin g angle .
• TC S contro l valv e sensor : Th e TC S contro l valv e senso r signal s th e TC S contro l uni t abou t th e amoun t o f TC S contro l
valv e angle .
• TC S contro l valv e actuator : Th e actuato r get s signal s fro m th e TC S contro l uni t an d close s th e TC S contro l valv e
accordingly .
• TC S contro l unit : Th e TC S contro l uni t detect s th e drivin g conditio n signal s fro m th e sensor s and , i f necessary , signal s
th e Powertrai n Contro l Modul e (PCM) .
LEFT-REA RWHEEL SENSO R
UNDER-HOO D FUSE/RELA Y BO X
LEFT-FRON
T WHEE L SENSO R
TC
S CONTRO L
VALV E ACTUATO R UNDER-DAS
H FUSE/RELA Y BO X
TC
S SWITC H
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Construction and Function

TCS Control unit

Driving Control

When the drive wheel speed exceeds the vehicle speed by a given amount, the TCS control unit judges that the drive

wheels are slipping, and it outputs the traction control signal to reduce engine power.

Handling Control

Based on signals about right and left driven wheel rotational speeds, the control unit calculates the vehicle's "yaw" rate

(the turn rate of the vehicle's body). Based on signals from the steering angle sensor, the control unit also calculates the

yaw rate expected by the driver. If the difference between actual and expected yaw rates is substantial — that is, if the

direction of the vehicle's body will exceed the driver's expected line — the control unit signals the TCS control valve actu-

ator and PCM, thus reducing engine power and maintaining the expected line.

Rough Road Control

Based on signals from the wheel sensors, the control unit detects a rough road based on frequency of wheel rotational

vibration. The control unit then signals the TCS control valve actuator and PCM to relax engine power, thus improving

acceleration efficiency.

Grip Control

Based on signals about wheel speed and yaw rate, the control unit determines the efficiency of the grip of the tires on the

road and signals the TCS control valve actuator and PCM to relax engine power, if necessary, thus improving grip.

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System Descriptio n
Fail-Safe Functio n
I f th e contro l uni t detect s a n abnormality , i t shut s th e
tractio n contro l syste m of f an d cause s th e TC S indicato r
ligh t t o com e on . Howeve r i f th e abnormalit y i s detecte d
whil e th e TC S is activated , th e contro l uni t firs t estab -
lishe s th e appropriat e whee l spi n velocity , the n shut s
th e syste m down , thu s preventin g excessiv e whee l spin .
Self-Diagnosi s Functio n
I f th e contro l uni t detect s a n abnormality , i t record s a
Diagnosti c Troubl e Cod e (DTC ) whic h ca n b e use d t o
diagnos e th e problem . Th e DT C is show n a t th e TC S
indicato r ligh t whe n th e Servic e Chec k connecto r termi -
nal s ar e connecte d wit h th e SC S servic e connector .
Steerin g Angl e Detectio n
Steerin g angl e i s detecte d b y th e steerin g angl e sensor .
Th e dis c wit h th e slit s o f th e regula r patter n i s provide d
betwee n th e facin g part s o f th e ligh t emittin g par t (LED) ,
an d th e ligh t receivin g par t (phot o transistor) . A s th e dis c
rotates , i t passe s an d shut s of f th e ligh t fro m th e LED .
The ligh t whic h passe d throug h a sli t i s converte d int o
th e electri c curren t b y th e phot o transistor , an d th e wave -
for m o f thi s electri c curren t i s shape d b y th e comparato r
t o outpu t th e dis c rotatio n a s th e rectangula r signal .
Th e analysi s performanc e o f th e syste m is improve d b y
providin g th e fixe d sli t i n fron t o f th e LED , an d thereb y
identifyin g th e brightnes s an d darknes s o f th e ligh t whic h
i s receive d a t th e phot o transisto r clear .
Th e outpu t signa l i s th e 2-phas e outpu t (A-phas e an d B -
phase) , an d th e steerin g whee l turnin g angl e an d th e
turnin g directio n ar e calculate d b y th e TC S contro l unit .
Vehicl e Spee d Detectio n
Whee l rotatio n spee d i s detecte d b y th e whee l sensors ,
locate d a t eac h wheel . Th e signal s ar e sen t t o th e con -
tro l unit , whic h compare s eac h wheel' s spee d an d deter -
mine s whethe r tractio n contro l i s required .
TCS INDICATO R LIGH T
FIXE D SLI T LIGH
T RECEIVIN G PAR T
(PHOT O TRANSISTOR )
LIGH T EMITTIN G PAR T (LED )
SLIT
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Check for Wear and Damage

The starter should crank the engine smoothly and steadily.

If the starter engages, but cranks the engine erratically,

remove it, and inspect the starter drive gear and torque

converter ring gear for damage.

• Check the drive gear overrunning clutch for binding

or slipping when the armature is rotated with the

drive gear held. If the clutch is damaged, replace the

clutch assembly.

Check Cranking Voltage and Current Draw

Cranking voltage should be no less than 8.0 volts.

Current draw should be no more than 450 amperes.

If cranking voltage is too low, or current draw too high,

check for:

Dead or low battery

Open circuit in starter armature commutator segments

Starter armature dragging

Shorted armature winding

Excessive drag in engine

Check Cranking rpm

Engine speed during cranking should be above 100 rpm.

If speed is too low, check for:

Loose battery or starter terminals

Excessively worn starter brushes

Open circuit in commutator segments

Dirty or damaged helical spline or drive gear

Defective drive gear overrunning clutch

Check Starter Disengagement

With the shift lever in or , turn the ignition switch to

"START (III)", and release to "ON (II)". The starter drive

gear should disengage from the flywheel ring gear when

you release the key.

If the drive gear hangs upon the flywheel ring gear, check

for:

• Solenoid plunger and switch malfunction

• Dirty drive gear assembly or damaged overrunning

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Precautions/Procedures
General Precaution s
Carefully inspec t an y SR S par t befor e yo u instal l it . D o
no t instal l an y par t tha t show s sign s o f bein g droppe d
o r improperl y handled , suc h a s dents , crack s o r defor -
mation :
— Airba g assemblie s
— Cabl e ree l
— SR S uni t
Use onl y a digita l multimete r t o chec k th e system . I f
it' s no t a Hond a multimeter , mak e sur e it s outpu t i s
1 0 m A (0.0 1 A ) o r les s whe n switche d t o th e smalles t
valu e i n th e ohmmete r range . A teste r wit h a highe r
outpu t coul d damag e th e airba g circui t o r caus e acci -
denta l deploymen t an d possibl e injury .
Do no t instal l use d SR S part s fro m anothe r vehicle .
When makin g SR S repairs , us e onl y ne w parts .
Excep t whe n performin g electrica l inspections ,
alway s disconnec t bot h th e negativ e cabl e an d posi -
tiv e cabl e fro m th e battery , an d wai t a t leas t thre e
minute s befor e beginnin g work .
Replacemen t o f th e combinatio n ligh t an d wiper /
washe r switche s an d cruis e contro l switc h ca n b e
don e withou t removin g th e steerin g wheel :
— Fo r combinatio n ligh t an d wiper/washe r switc h
replacement , se e sectio n 23 .
— Fo r cruis e contro l set/resum e switc h replacement ,
se e sectio n 23 .
Wheneve r th e ignitio n switc h i s O N (II) , o r ha s bee n
turne d OF F fo r les s tha n thre e minutes , b e carefu l no t
to bum p th e SR S unit ; th e airbag s coul d accidentall y
deploy an d caus e damag e o r injury .
Wheneve r th e airba g ha s bee n activated , replac e th e
SR S unit .
The origina l radi o ha s a code d thef t protectio n circuit .
B e sur e t o ge t th e customer' s cod e numbe r befor e dis -
connectin g th e batter y cables .
Airbag Handlin g an d Storag e
Do no t tr y t o disassembl e th e airba g assembly . I t ha s n o
serviceabl e parts . Onc e a n airba g ha s bee n operate d
(deployed) , i t canno t b e repaire d o r reused .
Fo r temporar y storag e o f th e airba g assembl y durin g ser -
vice , pleas e observ e th e followin g precautions :
Stor e th e remove d airba g assembl y wit h th e pa d sur -
fac e up . O n a '9 6 model , mak e sur e yo u connec t th e
shor t connecto r (RED ) t o th e passenger' s airba g con -
nector . Th e driver' s airba g connecto r o n a '9 6 mode l
an d bot h airba g connector s o n a '9 7 - 9 8 model s hav e
built-i n shor t contact s (se e pag e 24-10 ).
I f th e airba g is improperl y store d fac e down ,
accidenta l deploymen t coul d prope l th e uni t wit h enoug h
forc e to caus e seriou s injury .
AIRBA G CONNECTOR S(with built-i n shor t contact )
Store th e remove d airba g assembl y o n a secur e fla t
surfac e awa y fro m an y hig h hea t sourc e (exceedin g
212°F/100°C ) an d fre e o f an y oil , grease , detergen t
o r water .
CAUTION : Imprope r handlin g o r storag e ca n internall y
damag e th e airba g assembly , makin g it inoperative .
I f yo u suspec t th e airba g assembl y ha s bee n damaged ,
instal l a ne w unit , an d refe r t o th e Deployment/Disposa l
Procedure s fo r disposin g o f th e damage d airbag .
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Disconnecting th e Airba g Connector s
To preven t accidenta l airba g deployment , tur n th e ignitio n switc h OFF , disconnec t th e negativ e batter y
cable , an d wai t thre e minute s befor e disconnectin g an y SR S connectors .
Befor e disconnectin g th e SR S mai n harnes s (A ) fro m th e SR S unit , disconnec t bot h airbag s (C , D) .
Befor e disconnectin g th e cabl e ree l 2 P connecto r (B) , disconnec t th e driver' s airba g 2 P connecto r (C) .
SRSUNI T
1. Mak e sur e yo u hav e th e anti-thef t cod e fo r th e radio ,
the n writ e dow n th e frequencie s fo r th e radio' s prese t
buttons .
2 . Disconnec t th e batter y negativ e cable , the n disconnec t
th e positiv e cabl e fro m th e battery , an d wai t a t leas t
thre e minutes .
3 . Disconnec t th e airba g connector(s) .
Driver' s Side :
Remov e th e acces s pane l fro m th e steerin g wheel ,
the n disconnec t th e 2 P connecto r betwee n th e driv -
er' s airba g an d cabl e reel .
NOTE : Whe n disconnected , th e airba g connecto r i s
automaticall y shorted .
DRIVER'S AIRBA G
2 P CONNECTO R CABL
E REE L
2PCONNECTO R
ACCESS PANE L
Front Passenger' s Side :
Remov e th e glov e box .
Disconnec t th e connecto r betwee n th e fron t passen -
ger' s airba g an d SR S mai n harness .
NOTE:
When disconnected , th e airba g connecto r o n '9 7 -
9 8 model s i s automaticall y shorted .
O n '9 6 mode l connec t th e shor t connecto r (RED ) t o
th e airba g connector .
FRONT PASSENGER' S
AIRBA G
CONNECTO R
SRS MAI N HARNES S
SRS MAI NHARNES SCABLEREELDRIVER' SAIRBAG
FRONT
PASSEN -
GER' S
AIRBA GSRS MAI N HARNES S
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Precautions/Procedures
Steering-related Precaution s
Steering Whee l an d Cabl e Ree l Alignmen t
NOTE : T o avoi d misalignmen t o f th e steerin g whee l o n
reassembly , mak e sur e th e wheel s ar e turne d straigh t
ahea d befor e removin g th e steerin g wheel .
'9 6 Model : Rotat e th e cabl e ree l clockwis e unti l i t stops .
The n rotat e i t counterclockwis e (approximatel y tw o
turns ) unti l th e hol e i n th e whit e gea r line s u p wit h th e
windo w o n th e cove r an d th e arro w mar k o n th e cabl e
ree l labe l point s straigh t up .
'9 7 - 9 8 Models : Rotat e th e cabl e ree l clockwis e unti l i t
stops . The n rotat e i t counterclockwis e (approximatel y tw o
an d a hal f turns ) unti l th e arro w mar k o n th e cabl e ree l
labe l point s straigh t up .
ARRO W MAR K
WHITEGEARCABL E REE LLABE L
HOLE
'96 Mode l
only:
WINDO W
Steering Colum n Remova l
CAUTION :
Before removin g th e steerin g column , firs t discon -
nec t th e connecto r betwee n th e cabl e ree l an d th e
SR S mai n harness .
I f th e steerin g colum n is goin g t o b e remove d with -
ou t dismountin g th e steerin g wheel , loc k th e steer -
in g b y turnin g th e ignitio n ke y t o 0-LOC K position , o r
remov e th e ke y fro m th e ignitio n s o tha t th e steerin g
whee l wil l no t turn .
NOTE :
Whe n th e airba g assembl y an d cabl e ree l ar e discon -
nected , an d th e batter y i s reconnecte d an d th e igni -
tion switc h is turne d O N (II) , th e SR S uni t wil l stor e
this a s a n ope n i n th e driver' s airba g inflator , an d th e
SR S indicato r ligh t wil l com e on . I n suc h a case ,
mak e sur e t o confir m th e DTC , the n clea r th e SR S
uni t memory .
Fo r disconnectin g th e spring-loade d loc k typ e con -
nector , refe r t o pag e 24-9 .
CONNECTO RHOLDER
CABLE REE L2P CONNECTO R
SRS MAI N HARNES S2P CONNECTO R
Do no t replac e th e origina l steerin g whee l wit h an y othe r
desig n becaus e i t will mak e i t impossibl e t o properl y
instal l th e airba g (us e onl y genuin e Hond a replacemen t
parts).
After reassembly , confir m th e wheel s ar e stil l turne d
straigh t ahea d an d tha t th e steerin g whee l spok e angl e
i s correct . I f mino r spok e angl e adjustmen t i s necessary ,
d o s o onl y b y adjustin g th e tie-rods , no t b y removin g
an d repositionin g th e steerin g wheel .
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Airbag

Replacement

After a collision in which the airbags were deployed, the

airbag assemblies and the SRS unit must be replaced.

Store a removed airbag assembly with

the pad surface up. If the airbag is improperly stored

face down, accidental deployment could propel the unit

with enough force to cause serious injury.

CAUTION:

Always disconnect the airbag connectors when the

SRS main harness is disconnected.

'96 Model: Always keep the short connector (RED) on

the passenger's airbag when the harness is discon-

nected.

Do not disassemble or tamper with the airbag.

NOTE:

Do not install used SRS parts from another vehicle.

When repairing, use only new SRS parts.

Carefully inspect the airbag before you install it. Do

not install an airbag that shows signs of being

dropped or improperly handled, such as dents, cracks

or deformation.

1. Make sure you have the anti-theft code for the radio,

then write down the frequencies for the radio's pre-

set buttons.

2. Disconnect the battery negative cable, then discon-

nect the positive cable from the battery, and wait at

least three minutes.

3. Disconnect the airbag connectors:

Driver's Side:

Remove the access panel from the steering wheel,

then disconnect the 2P connector between the driver's

airbag and cable reel.

ACCESS

PANEL
Front Passenger's Side:

'96 Model:

Remove the glove box, then remove the short connec-

tor (RED) from it's holder.

Disconnect the 3P connector between the front pas-

senger's airbag and SRS main harness, then connect

the short connector (RED) to the airbag side of the con-

nector.

FRONT PASSENGER'S

AIRBAG

3P CONNECTOR
SHORT CONNECTOR (RED)

SRS MAIN HARNESS

'97 - 98 Models:

Remove the glove box.

Disconnect the 2P connector between the front pas-

senger's airbag and SRS main harness.

FRONT PASSENGER'S AIRBAG

2P CONNECTOR

SRS MAIN HARNESS

2P CONNECTOR

DRIVER'S AIRBAG

2P CONNECTOR
CABLE REEL

2P CONNECTOR
DRIVER'S

AIRBAG.ProCarManuals.com

Airbag

Replacement (cont'd)

CAUTION: Be sure to install the SRS wiring so that it is

not pinched or interfering with other parts.

5. Install the new airbags:

Driver's Side: Place the driver's airbag in the steering

wheel, and secure it with new Torx bolts.

TORX BOLTS

9.8 N-m (1.0 kgf-m, 7.2 Ibf-ft)

Replace.

Use a Torx T30 bit.

DRIVER'S AIRBAG
Front Passenger's Side:

Place the front passenger's airbag into the dash-

board.

Tighten the middle airbag mounting nut, then install

the bracket and four mounting nuts.

Tighten the two outer airbag mounting nuts first,

then tighten the two bracket mounting nuts.

FRONT PASSENGER'S

AIRBAG

FRONT PASSENGER'S

AIRBAG MOUNTING NUT

(MIDDLE)

9.8 N-m (1.0 kgf-m, 7.2 Ibf-ft)

Replace.

BRACKET

MOUNTING NUTS

9.8 N-m (1.0 kgf-m, 7.2 Ibf-ft)

Replace.

FRONT PASSENGER'S

AIRBAG

MOUNTING NUTS

9.8 N-m (1.0 kgf-m, 7.2 Ibf-ft)

Replace.ProCarManuals.com