m44 BMW 318i 1992 E36 Workshop Manual
Page 30 of 759
020-
8
MAINTENANCE
PROGRAM
FLUID
AND
LUBRICANT
SPECIFICATIONS
The
fluids
and
lubricante
specified
by
BMW
are
listed
in
Ta-
ble
e
.
Shown
below
is
engine
oil
viscosity
(SAE
grade)
vs
.
oper-
ating
temperature
range
for
the
BMW
enginescovered
in
this
manual
.
Engine
Oil
Viscosity
Requirements
vs
.
Temperature
`S
EAVic
P
Q
SAE
swao
YCO
0
N
M42
engine
1
.1
I
(1
.2
US
qt
.)
M44
engine
1
.1
l(1.2
US
qt
.)
M50
engine
1
.1
1(1.2
US
qt
.)
M52
engine
1
.21(1.3
US
qt
.)
S50US
engine
1
.21(1.3
US
qt
.)
S52US
engine
1
.21(1.3
US
qt
.)
°F
80
-
1o-0
-
30
-----20
WARNING
-
The
use
of
fluids
that
do
not
meet
BMWs
specifica-
tions
may
impair
performance
and
refability,
and
may
void
warranty
coverage
.
Tablee
.
Fluids
and
Lubricants
0013227
Fluid
Approximate
Specification
capacity
Engine
oil
with
filter
change
M42
engine
5
.01
(5
.3
US
qt
.)
M44
engine
5
.0
I
(5
.3
US
qt
.)
M50
engine
6
.5
I
(6.9
US
qt
.)
API
service
SH
or
M52
engine
6
.51
(6.9
US
qt
.)
si
S50US
engine
6
.51
(6.9
US
qt
.)
S52US
engine
6.0
I
(6.3
US
qt
.)
Manual
transmission
oil
FLUID
AND
LUBRICANT
SPECIFICATIONS
See
230Manual
Transmission
for
NOTE-
fluid
specification
Tablee
.
Fluids
and
Lubricants
(continued)
Fluid
Approximate
Specification
capacity
Automatic
transmission
fluid
(ATF)
(drain
and
fill)
(additional
fluid
required
when
installing
a
drytorque
converter)
A4S
310R
See240
AutomaticTransmission
for
fluid
A4S
270R
specification
information
A5S
310Z
Final
drive
(drain
and
fill)
(Lifetime
fluid
;
no
fluid
change
required)
4-cylinder
1
.1
I
(1.2
US
qt
.)
BMW
SAF-XO
6-cylinder
1.7
l(1
.8
US
qt
.)
synthetic
oil
(ex
.
limited
slip)
BMW
SAF-X1-S
synthetic
oil
(limit-
ed
slip)
Power
steering
fluid
Al¡
modeis
permanentlysealed
Dexron
IIPATFno
drain
plug
rake
fluid
All
modeis
-
~
S
AE
Dot4
Engine
coolant
M42
engine
6
.51(6
.9
US
qt
.)
M44
engine
6
.51(6
.9
US
qt
.)
M50
engine
10
.51
(11
.1
US
qt
.)
50%
BMW
anti-
M52
engine
10
.5
1
(11
.1
US
qt
.)
freezel
50%
water
S50US
engine
10
.75
1(11
.4
qt
.)
S52US
engine
10
.75
I
(11
.4
qt
.)
CA
UTION-
Multi-viscosity
engine
oils
should
not
beused
in
the
manual
transmission
.
Use
of
such
an
oil
could
shorten
the
service
life
of
thetransmission
.
Manual
Transmission
Fluid
The
manual
transmissions
installed
in
the
E36
modeis
are
normallyfilled
with
automatic
transmission
fluid
(ATF),
although
alternative
synthetic
lubricants
may
havebeen
used
from
-
the
factory,
depending
on
transmission
type
and
model
year
.
Con-
sult
230
Manual
Transmission
for
additional
information
on
identifying
the
type
of
fluid
installed
.
Automatic
Transmission
Fluid
The
automatic
transmissions
installed
in
the
E36
modeis
are
normally
filled
with
Dexron
111
automatic
transmission
fluid
(ATF),
although
alternative
fluids
havebeen
installed
from
the
factory,
depending
on
transmission
type
and
model
year
.
Some
transmission
are
filled
with
a
special
BMW
"life-time"
automatic
transmission
fluid,
whích
does
not
requireperiodic
fluid
changes
.
Consult
240
Automatic
Transmission
for
ad-
ditional
fluid
specification
information
.
information
1
The
11-
11
lubrican
type
canbefound
on
ti
¡e
`Yype
plate"
on
the
side
of
the
transmission
.
Consult
an
authorized
BMW
dealer
foralternate
fluid
use
and
the
Continued
most-up-to-date
information
regarding
transmission
op-
erating
fluids
.
Page 43 of 759
GENERAL
.
.....
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
100-1
Cylinder
Block
and
Crankshaft
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
100-1
Connecting
Rods
and
Pistons
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
100-1
Cylinder
Head
and
Valvetrain
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
100-2
VANOS
(Variable
Valve
Timing)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
100-2
DISA
(Dual
Resonance
Intake
System)
.
.
.
.
.
100-3
Engine
Management
System
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
100-3
Ignition
......
.
.
.
.........
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
100-5
Fuel
Delivery
..
.
.
.
.....
.
...
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
100-5
Cooling
System
.
...........
.
.
.
.
.
.....
.
.
100-5
Lubrication
System
.........
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
100-5
MECHANICALTROUBLESHOOTING
.
.
.
.
100-5
Warnings
and
Cautions
..
.
...
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
100-5
Cylinder
compression,
checking
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
100-6
EngineMechanical
Troubleshooting
Table
.
.
.
100-7
DRIVEABILITY
TROUBLESHOOTING
...
100-8
GENERAL
There
are
various
engíne
configurations
used
in
the
1992-
1998
E36
cars
.
See
Table
a
.
On
both
four-
and
6-cylinder
engines,
the
cylinder
block
is
cast
¡ron
with
integral
cyiinders
.
The
cyiinders
are
exposed
on
all
sides
to
circulating
coolant
.
The
fully
counterweighted
crankshaft
rotates
in
replaceable
split-shell
main
bearings
.
Oiiways
drilled
into
the
crankshaft
pro-
vide
bearing
lubrication
.
O¡I
seals
pressed
into
alloy
sea¡
hous-
ings
are
installedat
both
ends
of
the
crankshaft
.
100
Engine-General
Tablea
.
Engine
Specifications
ENGINE-GENERAL
100-1
On-Board
Diagnostics
(OBD)
...
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
100-8
Basic
Requirements
....
.
.
.
...
.
.
.
.
.
....
.100-11
Preventive
Maintenance
......
.
.
.
.
.
.....
100-11
Basic
Engine
Settings
..
.
.....
.
.
.
.
.
.....
100-11
Oxygen
Sensors
.
.
.
...
.
.
.
...
.
.
.
.
.
....
.100-11
Air
Flow
Measurement
and
Vacuum
Leaks
.
.100-12
Battery
Voltage
.
.
...........
.
.
.
.
.
.....
100-12
Wiring
and
Harness
Connections
.
.
.
.
.....
100-13
Ground
Connections
...
.
.....
.
.
.
.
.
.....
100-13
Fue¡
Supply
....
.
...........
.
.
..
.....
.100-14
TABLES
a
.
Engine
Specifications
...
...
...........
.
..
..
.100-1
b
.
Engine
Management
Systems
..
..
...........
..
100-5
c
.
Engine
Mechanical
Troubleshooting
..........
.
.
100-8
d
.
OBD
1
Fault
(Blink)
Codes
(1992-1995
models
only)
.
...
..
..
..........
..
.100-9
e
.
Engine
Driveability
Troubleshooting
...........
.100-15
Model
Engine
code
No
.
of
Dispiacement
Compression
Horsepower
cyiinders
liters
(cu
.
in
.)
ratio
SAE
net
@
rpm
318i/is/¡C
1992-1995
M42
4
1
.8
(109
.6)
10
.0
:1
100
@
6000
1996-1998
M44
4
1
.9
(115
.6)
~
10
.0
:1
103
@
6000
323ís/iC
1998
M52
6
2
.5
(152
.2)
10
.5
:1
168
@
5,500
325i/is/iC
1992-1995
M50
6
2
.5
(152
.2)
10
.0
:1
110
@
5,900
328i/is/iC
1996-1998
M52
6
2
.8
(170
.4)
10
.2
:1
190
@
5,300
M3
1995
S50US
6
3
.0
(182
.5)
10
.5:1
240
@
6,000
1996-1998
S52US
6
3
.2
(192
.3)
10
.5:1
240
@
6,000
Cylinder
Block
and
Crankshaft
Connecting
Rods
and
Pistons
The
forged
connecting
rods
use
replaceable
split-shell
bearings
at
the
crankshaft
endand
solid
bushings
at
the
pis-
ton
pin
end
.
The
pistonsare
of
the
three-ring
typewith
two
up-
per
compression
rings
and
a
lowerone-piece
o¡i
scraper
ring
.
Fui¡-floating
piston
pins
are
retained
with
circlips
.
GENERAL
Page 44 of 759
100-2
ENGINE-GENERAL
Cylinder
Head
and
Valvetrain
The
aluminum
cylinder
head
uses
chain-driven
double
overhead
camshafts
and
four
valves
per
cylinder
.
See
Fig
.
1
.
The
cylinder
head
employs
a
crossflow
design
for
greater
power
and
efficiency
.
Intake
air
enters
the
combustion
cham-
ber
from
one
side
while
exhaust
gasses
exit
from
the
other
.
Oílways
in
the
head
provide
lubrication
for
the
camshafts)
and
valvetrain
.
Fig
.
1
.
M52
twin-cam,
4-valve-per-cylinder
engine
with
hydraulíc
lift-
ers
.
On
all
engines
exceptthe
M44
engine,
valveclearance
is
by
seif-adjusting
hydraulic
lifters
.
On
M44
engines,
instead
of
hy-
draulic
lifters,
hydraulic
pedestaisare
used
in
combination
with
roller
rocker
arms
to
actuate
the
valves
.
Hydraulic
pedes-
tals
have
the
same
function
as
hydraulic
lifters,
which
ís
to
maintain
zero
valve
clearance,
reduce
valve
noise,
and
elimí-
nate
routíne
adjustment
.
See
Fig
.
2
.
VANOS
(Variable
Valve
Timing)
GENERAL
1
.
Camshafts
2
.
Rocker
arms
3
.
Hydraulic
valve
adjusters
(HVA)
4
.
Valve
and
conical
valve
spring
4
Fig
.
2
.
Cross
sectionof
M44
twin-cam,
4-valve-per-cylinder
head
.
Note
function
of
hydraulíc
pedestal
in
combination
with
rock-er
arm
(with
roller
bearing
for
reduced
friction)
.
The
main
components
of
the
VANOS
system
arethe
piston
housing
with
integral
spool
valve
and
solenoid,
and
the
modi-
fied
intake
camshaft
and
sprocket
assembly
.
See
Fig
.
3
.
1993
and
later
6-cylinder
engines
are
equipped
with
a
vari-
B11001
able
intake
valve
timing
system,
known
as
VANOS
(from
the
German
words
Variable
Nockenwellen
Steuerung)
.
The
Fig
.
3
.
VANOS
(variable
intake
valve
timing)
systemusedon
M52
en-
VANOS
system
electro-hydraulically
adjusts
intake
valve
tim-
gine
.
When
solenoid
is
actuated,
oíl
pressure
is
directed
to
ingfor
enhanced
mid-range
performance
.
The
VANOS
sys-
front
side
of
gear
cup
piston
.
This
forces
gear
cup
finto
camtem
is
controlled
by
the
engine
control
module
(ECM),
using
shaft
to
advance
intake
valve
timing
.
enginespeed,engine
load
and
engine
temperature
asthe
pri-
mary
inputs
.
When
the
engine
is
running,
the
piston
housing
is
supplied
with
pressurized
engine
oil
víathe
solenoid-actuatedspool
At
low
speeds,
the
intake
valves
open
late
to
ensure
smooth
valve
.
Depending
on
the
position
of
the
spool
valve,
oil
isdi
engine
operation
.
At
mid-rangespeeds,
thevalves
open
early
rected
to
either
the
front
or
back
side
of
the
gear
cup
piston
.
(valvetiming
advanced,
VANOS
actuated)
for
increased
torque,
improved
driveability,
and
reduced
emissions
.
And
at
When
the
solenoid
isin
the
off
position,
engine
oíl
is
direct-
high
speeds,
the
valves
again
open
late
for
optimum
power
ed
to
the
back
side
of
the
piston
.
This
holds
the
gear
cup
for-
and
performance
.
ward
and
valve
timing
is
maintained
at
the
normal
"late"
position
.
When
the
solenoid
is
energized,
the
spoolvalve
is
moved
forward
and
oil
pressure
is
directed
to
the
front
side
of
the
piston
.
This
in
turn
moves
thegear
cup
further
into
the
Page 47 of 759
ignition
Table
b
.
Engine
Management
Systems
engine
has
high
mileage
.
Engine
1
System
4-cylinder
engines
M42
(1992-1995)
Bosch
DME
Ml
.7
M44
(1996-1998)
Bosch
DME
M5
.2
(OBD
II)
6-cylinder
engines
M50
(1992)
Bosch
DME
M3
.1
M50
VANOS
(1993-1995)
Bosch
DME
M3
.3
.1
M52
(1996-1998)
Siemens
MS41
.1
(OBD
II)
S50US
(1995)
Bosch
DME
M3
.3
.1
S52US
(1996-1998)
Siemens
MS41
.1
(OBD
II)
Both
the
4-cylinder
and
6-cylinder
engines
use
a
distributor-
less
ignition
system
with
individual
ignition
coils
for
each
cylin-
der
.
FuelDelivery
Pressurized
fuel
from
the
in-tank
fuel
pump
is
injected
via
solenoid-type
fuel
injectors
.
The
ECM
controls
the
opening
and
closing
of
the
injectors
by
switchingthe
ground
side
of
each
injector
circuit
.
The
exact
amount
of
fuel
injected
is
de-
termined
by
the
amount
of
timethe
injectors
are
open
.
Cooling
System
Whenever
the
engine
is
running,
acoolant
pump
circulates
coolant
through
the
engine
and,
if
either
heater
control
valves
are
open,
through
the
heater
core
in
the
passenger
compart-
ment
.
The
coolant
absorbs
excess
heat
and
carries
it
to
the
ra-
diator
where
it
is
transferred
into
the
passing
airstream
.
A
thermostat
controls
the
flow
of
coolant
through
the
radiator
based
on
engine
temperature
.
Lubrication
System
The
lubrication
system
is
pressurized
whenever
theengine
is
running
.
The
oil
pump
draws
oil
through
a
pickup
in
the
bot-
tom
of
the
oil
pan,thenforces
it
through
a
replaceable
oil
filter
and
finto
the
engine
oíi
passages
.
On
4-cylinder
engines,
the
oil
pump
is
mounted
to
the
front
engine
cover
.
On
6-cylinder
engines,thechain-driven
oil
pump
is
bolted
to
the
bottom
of
the
cylinder
block
.
A
pressure
relief
valve
limits
the
maximum
system
pres-
sure
.
A
bypass
valve
prevents
the
oil
filter
from
bursting
and
insures
engine
lubrication
should
the
filter
become
plugged
.
See
119
Lubrication
System
for
additional
information
.
ENGINE-GENERAL
100-
5
Various
versions
of
DME
systems
are
usedon
thecars
cov-
MECHANICAL
TROUBLESHOOTING
ered
by
this
manual
.
See
Table
b
.
Each
system
is
highly
adaptive
to
compensate
for
things
suchasengine
wear
and
When
troubleshooting
an
engine
that
fails
to
start
or
runs
vacuum
leaks
.
poorly,
first
check
its
mechanical
condition-particularly
if
the
Warnings
and
Cautions
For
personal
safety,
as
well
asthe
protection
of
sensitive
electronic
components,
the
following
warnings
and
cautions
must
be
adhered
to
during
all
troubleshooting,
maintenance,
and
repairwork
.
WARNING
-
"
The
ignition
system
produces
high
voltages
that
can
be
fatal
.
Avoid
contact
with
exposed
termi-
nals
anduse
extreme
caution
when
working
on
a
car
with
the
ignition
switched
on
or
the
engine
running
.
"
Do
not
touch
or
disconnect
any
high
voltage
ca-
bles
from
the
coil,
distributor,
orspark
plugs
while
the
engine
is
running
or
being
cranked
by
the
starter
"
Connect
and
disconnect
the
engine
manage-
ment
system
wiring
and
test
equipment
leads
only
when
the
ignition
is
switched
off
.
"
Gasoline
is
highly
flammable
and
its
vapors
are
explosive
.
Do
not
smoke
or
work
on
a
car
near
heaters
or
other
fire
hazards
when
diagnosing
and
repairing
fuel
system
problems
.
Have
a
fire
extínguisher
available
in
case
of
an
emergency
.
"
Disconnecting
the
battery
may
erase
fault
code(s)
stored
in
control
module
memory
.
Using
special
BMW
diagnosnnc
equipment,
check
for
fault
codes
prior
to
disconnecting
the
battery
cables
.
If
the
Check
Engine
lightis
illuminated,
see
On-
Board
Diagnostics
(OBD)
forfault
code
infor-
mation
.
If
any
other
system
faults
havebeen
de-tected
(indicated
byan
illuminated
warning
light),
see
an
authorized
BMW
dealer
.
CAUTION-
"
Prior
to
disconnecting
the
battery,
read
the
bat-
tery
disconnection
cautions
gíven
at
the
front
of
this
manual
on
page
viii
.
"
Do
notconnect
any
test
equipment
that
delivers
a
12-volt
power
supply
to
terminal15
(+)
of
the
ignition
coil
.
The
current
flow
may
damage
the
ECM
.
In
general,
connect
test
equipment
only
as
specified
by
BMW,
this
manual,
or
the
equip-
ment
maker
.
"
Do
not
disconnect
the
battery
with
the
engine
running
.
Do
notrunthe
engine
with
any
of
the
sparkplug
wires
disconnected
.
MECHANICAL
TROUBLESHOOTING
Page 59 of 759
110
Engine
Removal
and
Installation
GENERAL
.
.
.
.
.......
.
.
.
..........
.
...
110-1
Engine,
removing
and
installing
(4-cylinder
engines)
.
..
.....
..
...........
110-1
ENGINE
REMOVAL
AND
INSTALLATION
110-1
Engine,
removing
and
installing
(6-cylinder
engines)
..
...
...
..
.....
..
....
110-4
GENERAL
Some
special
tools
are
required
for
removal
and
installation
of
the
engine
.
Be
sure
to
have
the
necessary
equipment
on
hand
before
starting
thejob
.
CAUTION-
"
Engine
removal
requires
disconnecting
the
bat-
tery
.
This
may
erase
any
system
fault
code(s)
that
havebeen
stored
in
control
unit
memories
.
Check
forfault
codes
prior
to
disconnecting
the
battery
cables
.
"
If
the
Check
Engine
lightis
illuminated
with
the
engine
running,
see
100
Engine-General
for
On-Board
Diagnostics
(08D)
fault
code
infor-
mation
.
"
If
any
other
system
faults
have
been
detected,
as
indicated
by
an
illuminated
ANTI
LOCK,
SRS
or
AST
warning
light,
see
the
appropriate
repair
group
inthis
manual
or
an
authorized
BMW
dealer
for
more
information
on
fault
codes
.
ENGINE
REMOVALAND
INSTALLATION
Engine,
removing
and
installing
(4-cylinder
engines)
Cover
al¡
painted
surfaces
before
beginning
theremoval
procedure
.
Asan
aid
to
installation,
label
al¡
components,
wires,
and
hoses
before
removing
them
.
Do
not
reuse
gas-
kets,
O-rings
or
seals
during
reassembly
.
WARNING
-
Due
to
risk
of
personal
injury,
be
sure
the
engine
is
cold
before
beginning
the
removalprocedure
.
1.
Disconnect
negative
(-)
cable
from
battery
in
luggage
compartment
.
0011969
CAUTION-
Prior
to
disconnecting
the
battery,
read
the
battery
disconnection
cautions
given
at
the
front
of
this
manual
on
page
viii
.
ENGINE
REMOVAL
AND
INSTALLATION
110-1
2
.
Remove
transmission
from
car
.
See230
Manual
Transmission
or
240
Automatic
Transmission
.
3
.
Remove
enginehood
or
place
hood
in
service
positíon
.
See
410
Fenders,
Engine
Hood
.
NOTE-
tt
is
notnecessary
to
remove
the
engine
hood,
but
it
is
helpful
and
will
make
engine
removal
and
installation
easier
.
4
.
Remove
splash
guard
under
engine,
if
applicable
.
5
.
Unbolt
ignition
coil
assembly
from
bracket
on
strut
tow-er
.
Disconnect
wiring
to
ignition
cofs,
then
place
coil
assembly
on
engine
.
6
.
Disconnect
al¡
cables
and
harness
connectors
at
throt-
tle
housing
.
7
.
Unbolt
andremove
complete
air
cleaner
housing
with
mass
air
flow
sensor,
disconnecting
and
labeling
con-
nectors,
ducting
and
hoses
asnecessary
.
See
Fig
.
1
.
Fig
.
1
.
Intake
air
duct
hose
clamp
(A),
mass
air
flow
sensor
connec-
tor
(B),
and
air
cleanerto
air
flow
sensor
clips
(C)
on
M44
en-
gine
.
ENGINE
REMOVAL
AND
INSTALLATION
Page 60 of 759
110-2
ENGINE
REMOVAL
AND
INSTALLATION
8
.
Drain
engine
coolant
andremove
coolant
hoses
at-
10
.
Remove
radiator
cooling
fan
and
radiator
as
described
tached
to
cylinder
head
.
in
170
Radiator
and
Cooling
System
.
"
Drain
radiator
and
engine
block
.
See
170
Radiator
and
Cooling
System
.
NOTE-
"
Disconnect
hoses
from
thermostat
housing
at
front
of
Some
late
4-cylinder
modelsuse
an
electric
prímary
cylinder
head
.
cooling
fan
.
"
Disconnect
heater
hoses
at
rear
of
engine
.
See
Fig
.
2
.
CAUTION-
NOTE-
On
cars
with
viscous-type
cooling
fans,
the
radia-
"
The
block
drain
plug
is
located
on
the
exhaust
side
to-
tor
fan
has
left
hand
threads
.
wards
rear
of
engine
.
"
Remove
small
plastic
lock
clíp
to
pull
radiator
drain
11
.
Remove
upper
intake
manifold,
unfasten
cable
duct
plug
out
completely
.
from
lower
intake
manifold,
crankcase
vent
valve
hose
(M44
engine
only)
0012687
Fig
.
2
.
Coolant
hoses
at
heater
valve
and
heatercore
to
be
discon-
nected
(arrows)
.
9
.
Remove
air
shroud
from
top
of
radiator
.
See
Fig
.
3
.
ENGINE
REMOVAL
AND
INSTALLATION
12
.
Disconnect
fuel
supply
and
fuel
return
lines,
main
en-
gine
electrical
connectors,
and
lower
intake
manifold
as
described
in
113
Cylinder
HeadRemoval
and
Instal-
lation
.
See
Fig
.
4
.
0012504
Fig
.
4
.
Crankcase
ventvalve
(A)
on
top
of
lower
intake
manifoldof
M44
engine
.
Fueldelivery
and
retum
lines
shown
at
B
.
Engine
harness
and
sensor
connectors
shown
at
C
.
WARNING
-
"
Fuel
may
be
expelled
under
pressure
.
Do
not
smoke
orworknear
heaters
or
other
fire
haz-
ards
.
Keep
a
fire
extinguisher
handy
.
Before
dis-
connecting
fuel
hoses,
wrap
a
cloth
around
fuel
hoses
to
absorb
any
leaking
fuel
.
Plug
all
open
fuel
lines
.
"
Always
unscrew
the
fuel
tank
cap
to
release
pres-
sure
in
the
tank
before
working
on
the
tank
or
lines
.
CAUTION-
0013137
I
Stuff
clean
rags
into
the
open
intake
ports
topre-
Fig
.
3
.
Front
air
shroud
mounting
screws
(arrows)
.
vent
any
parts
from
falling
into
the
engine
intake
.
13
.
Disconnect
vacuum
hose
from
brake
booster
on
bulk-
head
.
Cover
bothhole
in
booster
and
plug
hose
end
.
Page 68 of 759
113-2
CYLINDER
HEAD
REMOVAL
AND
INSTALLATION
0011s6i
-
0Fig
.
1
.
Front
exhaust
pipe
to
exhaust
manifold
mountíng
nuts
(arrows)
.
-1
~~
0013023
4
.
Remove
air
filter
housing
complete
with
mass
air
flow
Fig
.
3
.
Coolant
hose
connection
beneath
intake
manifold
on
M42
sensor
and
attached
hoses
and
ducting
.
See
Fig
.
2
.
engine
(arrow)
.
0011969
Fig
.
2
.
Air
filter
housing/air
intake
connections
on
M44
engine
with
traction
control
.
Clamp
atthrottle
housing
(A)
;
mass
air
flow
sensor
connector
(B)
;
and
clips
at
upper
air
filter
housing
(C)
.
Coolingsystem,
draining
5
.
Draincoolant
from
engine
block
and
radiator
.
See
170
Radiator
and
Cooling
System
.
NOTE-
"
The
block
drain
is
on
the
exhaust
sideof
the
engine,
near
cylinder
no
.
4
.
6
.
Disconnect
hoses
from
coolant
flange/thermostat
hous-
ing
on
frontof
cylinder
head
.
Unbolt
thermostat
housing
from
cylinder
head
.
CYLINDER
HEAD,
4-CYLINDER
7
.
On
M42
engines,
disconnect
hose
from
coolant
pipe
on
left
side
of
engine
.
See
Fig
.
3
.
8
.
Disconnect
heater
hoses
from
coolant
flange
on
rear
of
cylinder
head
.
Cylinder
head
cover,
removing
9
.
Remove
ignition
coil
pack
from
rightstrut
tower
.
See
Fig
.
4
.
0011995
"
The
radiator
drain
plug
is
on
the
bottomof
the
radiator
Fig
.
4
.
Cylinder
head
cover
showing
location
of
engine
breather
hose
on
the
driver's
side
.
Remove
small
plastic
lock
clipto
(A),
wiring
harness
duct
(B),
and
ignition
coil
pack
(C)
.
M44
pull
radiator
drain
plug
out
completely
.
engine
shown
.
Cover
on
M42
engine
is
similar
.
10
.
Disconnect
engine
breather
hose
from
cylinder
head
cover
.
Page 69 of 759
11
.
Detach
wiring
harness
duct
at
rear
bulkhead
panel
and
pull
complete
duct
forward
and
up
to
allow
access
to
rear
of
cylinder
head
cover
.
12
.
Remove
spark
plugs
and
spark
plugwire
loom
.
"
Remove
plastic
cover
from
top
of
cylinder
head
.
"
Disconnect
spark
plug
wires
fromspark
plugs
and
re-
move
spark
plugs
.
"
Unbolt
spark
plug
cable
harness
and
heat
shield
from
right
side
of
cylinder
head
cover
and
set
aside
.
13
.
Unscrew
andremove
cylinder
head
cover
cap
screws
and
remove
cover
.
See
Fig
.
5
.
CAUTION-
Two
of
the
cover
hold-down
screws
are
under
the
spark
plug
cable
duct
.
NOTE-
Make
note
of
the
arrangement
of
cap
screws,
washers
and
rubber
grommets
holding
the
cylinder
head
cover
in
place
.
Fig
.
5
.
Cylinder
head
cover
mounting
points
(arrows)
.
Fig
.
7
.
M44
fuel
rail
air
connection
(A)
and
fuel
supply
and
return
lines
Intake
manifold,
removing
(B)
.
14
.
On
late
engines,
disconnect
injector
air
shrouding
hose
from
fitting
at
center
of
upper
intake
manifold
.
18
.
Disconnect
fuel
supply
and
return
lines
from
fuel
rail
.
15
.
Remove
upper
section
of
intake
manifold
.
"
Disconnect
ali
cables
harness
connectors
from
throttle
housing
and
intake
manifold
.
"
Disconnect
fuel
tank
vent
hose
fromvent
valve
on
low-
er
sitie
of
manifold
.
"
Remove
manifold
support
brackets
.
See
Fig
.
6
.
"
Remove
upper-to-lower
manifold
fasteners
(1
bolt,
2
nuts)
and
separate
upper
manifold
from
lowermani-
fold
.
Note
locating
dowei
sleeves
on
lower
to
upper
manifold
mounting
studs
.
Remove
dowels
and
set
aside
.
See
Fig
.
8
.
CYLINDER
HEAD
REMOVAL
AND
INSTALLATION
113-3
0012686
Fig
.
6
.
Intake
manifold
support
brackets
and
mountinghardware
.
Manifold
for
M44
engine
shows
.
16
.
Disconnect
oil
dipstick
tube
bracket
from
lower
manifold
section
.
17
.
On
M44
engine,
relieve
fuel
pressure
using
com-
pressed
air
(maximum
3
bar
pressure)
at
schroeder
valve
on
fuel
rail
.
Briefly
apply
air
pressure
to
force
fuel
back
intofuel
tank
.
See
Fig
.
7
.
WARNING
-
"
The
fuel
system
retains
fuel
pressure
when
the
engine
is
off
(up
to
75
psi)
.
Use
care
when
dis-
connecting
fuel
lines
.
Unscrew
the
fuel
tank
cap
to
retease
pressure
in
the
tank
.
Wrap
a
clean
shop
towel
around
the
fitting
when
loosening
.
"
Fuel
is
highly
flammable
.
When
working
around
fuel,
do
not
disconnect
any
wires
that
could
cause
electrical
sparks
.
Do
not
smoke
or
worknear
heaters
or
other
tire
hazards
.
Placea
tire
extin-
guisher
in
the
vicinity
of
the
work
area
.
19
.
Disconnect
coolant
hoses
from
vent
valve
on
lower
intake
manifold
.
Remove
crankcase
vent
valve
from
manifold
.
CYLINDER
HEAD,
4-CYLINDER
Page 70 of 759
113-4
CYLINDER
HEAD
REMOVAL
AND
INSTALLATION
20
.
Disconnect
main
engine
wiring
harness
connector
.
La-
bel
and
disconnect
harness
connectors
for
crankshaft
and
camshaft
sensors
.
See
Fig
.
8
.
0012504
Fig
..
Crankcase
vent
valve
(A),
camshaft
and
crankshaft
sensor
harness
connectors
(B),
locating
bushings
(C),
main
engine
wiring
harnessconnector
(D)
.
M44
engine
shown
.
NOTE-
Early
engines
do
not
havea
maín
disconnect
at
the
lower
intake
manifold
harness
.
lf
necessary,
remove
the
cable
ducting
bolts
and
set
harness
ducting
aside
.
21
.
Remové
lower
section
of
intake
manifold
.
"
Remove
Y
shaped
supportbracket
from
underside
of
manifold
.
(See
Fig
.
6
.)
"
Unbolt
support
brackets
from
alternator
and
starter
.
"
Remove
nuts
holding
manifold
to
cylinder
head
and
pull
manifold
back
until
harness
connectors
for
oil
pressure
switch
and
coolant
temperature
sensorare
accessible
.
Label
and
disconnect
connectors,
then
re-
move
manifold
and
set
aside
.
Timing
chains,
uncoupling
26
.
Lock
crankshaft
in
TDC
position
by
insertíng
BMW
spe-
22
.
On
M42
engines,
remove
thermostat
housing
from
up-
cial
tool
no
.
11
2
300
through
bore
and
into
hole
infly-
per
timing
chaincover
.
wheel
or
driveplate
.
See
Fig
.
11
.
23
.
On
late
M44
engines
(January
1997
and
later),
remove
NOTE-
secondary
air
injection
check-valve
from
front
of
engine
"
If
necessary,
remove
plug
from
locating
bore
in
lower
and
lay
aside
.
edge
of
bell
housing
to
insert
locking
tool
.
24
.
Remove
cylinder
identification
sensor
from
upper
tim-
ing
chaincover
.
Remove
upper
timing
chaincover
.
See
Fig
.
9
.
25
.
Set
engine
to
approximate
TDC
by
rotating
in
normal
operating
direction
until
camshaft
lobes
at
cylinder
no
.
1
are
facing
each
other
.
See
Fig
.
10
.
CYLINDER
HEAD,
4-CYLINDER
Fig
.
9
.
Upper
timing
chain
cover
bolts
(arrows)
.
Remove
secondary
air
injection
check
valve
fromhose
(A)
on
M44
engine
.
Re-
move
cylinder
identification
sensor
from
chaincover
(B)
.
0011998
Fig
.
10
.
Engine
set
to
approximate
TDC
.
Cylinder
no
.
1
camshaft
lobes
face
in
and
arrows
on
sprockets
poínt
up
(arrows)
.
"
Confirm
that
the
locking
tool
has
been
correctly
in-
stalled
by
trying
to
rotate
the
crankshaft
.
27
.
Lock
camshafts
at
TDC
by
mounting
BMW
specíal
tool
no
.
113
240
over
square
ends
of
camshafts
.
See
Fig
.
12
.
NOTE-
Check
that
tool
is
squarely
seated
on
cylinder
head
gasket
surface
.
If
necessary,
rotate
camshafts
slightly
using
an
open-end
wrench
at
hex
oncamshafts
.
Page 71 of 759
Fig
.
11
.
BMW
special
tool
no
.
11
2300
installed
through
bellhousin
and
finto
flywheel
(arrow)
tolockcrankshaft
at
TDC
.
Fig
.
12
.
BMW
special
tool
no
.
11
3
240
installed
on
rear
of
camshafts
tohold
them
at
TDC
.
(M44
engine
shown
.
Other
engínes
are
similar
.)
CAUTION-
The
camshafts
must
be
locked
in
the
TDC
position
using
the
special
service
tool,
or
equivalent,
be-
fore
removing
the
timing
chaín
.
The
tool
holds
the
camshafts
parallel
to
each
other
and
perpendicu-
larto
the
valve
covergasket
surface
.
CYLINDER
HEAD
REMOVAL
AND
INSTALLATION
113-5
6011966
28
.
Remove
hydraulic
chain
tensiones
from
right
side
ofcyl-
inder
head
.
See
Fig
.
13
.
Fig
.
13
.
Hydraulic
chain
tensioner
(arrow)
.
NOTE-
It
is
not
necessary
to
remove
the
cam
sprockets
from
the
chainuntessthese
parts
are
being
reptaced
.
tire
tie
each
sprocket
to
the
chain
to
keep
the
sprockets
timed
to
each
other
.
Keeping
the
sprockets
timed
will
símplífy
instaftation
.
uu
11999
Fig
.
14
.
Chainguide
and
guide
adjusting
sleeve
(arrow)
.
Allen-head
retaining
screwhasbeen
removed
.
Use
slotted
screwdriver
to
loosen
adjusting
sleeve
.
29
.
Remove
mounting
bolts
from
left
and
right
camshaft
sprockets
.
Then
remove
camshaft
sprockets
from
cam-
_
Cylinder
head
assembly,
removing
shafts
.
On
M44
engines,
note
orientation
of
sensor
31
.
Remove
crankshaft
locking
tool
(BMW
special
tool
no
.
wheel
.
11
2
300)
.
Usingthe
crankshaft
vibration
damper
bolt,
30
.
Remove
upper
bolt
from
left
chainguide
.
Loosen
chain
turn
engine
opposite
its
normal
direction
of
rotation
guide
adjusting
sleeve
approximately
two
turns
.
See
(counterclockwise
asviewed
from
the
front)
approxi
Fig
.
14
.
mately
45°
.
This
prevents
accidental
contact
between
valves
and
pistons
during
installation
.
CYLINDER
HEAD,
4-CYLINDER