engine VOLVO S40 2000 User Guide

Volvo recommends the use of gasoline containing deposit control additives. These additives have shown to be efficient
in keeping injectors and intake valves clean. Consistent use of deposit control gasolines will help ensure good
driveability and fuel economy. If you are not sure whether the gasoline contains deposit control additives, check with
the service station operator.
Unleaded fuel
Each Volvo has a three-way catalytic converter and must use only unleaded gasoline. U.S. and Canadian regulations
require that pumps delivering unleaded gasoline be labelled "UNLEADED". Only these pumps have nozzles which fit
your car's filler inlet. It is unlawful to dispense leaded fuel into a vehicle labelled "unleaded gasoline only". Leaded
gasoline damages the three-way catalytic converter and the heated oxygen sensor system. Repeated use of leaded
gasoline will lessen the effectiveness of the emission control system and could result in loss of emission warranty
coverage. State and local vehicle inspection programs will make detection of misfueling easier, possibly resulting in
emission test failure for misfueled vehicles.
NOTE: Some U.S. and Canadian gasolines contain an octane enhancing additive called methly-cyclopentadienyl
manganese tricarbonyl (MMT). If such fuels are used, your Emission Control System performance may be affected,
and the Check Engine Lamp located on your instrument panel may light. If this occurs, please return your vehicle to
an authorized Volvo retailer for service.
pg. 59 Fuel requirements, Refueling
Octane rating
Volvo engines are designed for optimum performance on unleaded premium gasoline with an octane rating. AKI of 91,
or above. AKI (ANTI KNOCK INDEX) is an average of the Research Octane Number, RON, and the Motor Octane
Number, MON. (RON + MON/2).
The minimum octane requirement is AKI 87 (RON 91).
Gasoline containing alcohol and ethers
"Oxygenated fuels"
Some fuel suppliers sell gasoline containing "oxygenates" which are usually alcohols or ethers. In some areas, state or
local laws require that the service pump be marked indicating use of alcohols or ethers. However, there are areas in
which the pumps are unmarked. If you are not sure whether there is alcohol or ethers in the gasoline you buy, check
with the service station operator. To meet seasonal air quality standards, some areas require the use of "oxygenated"
fuel.
Volvo allows the use of the following "oxygenated fuels; however, the octane ratings listed on this page must still be
met.
Alcohol — Ethanol
Fuels containing up to 10% ethanol by volume may be used.
Ethanol may also be referred to as Ethyl alcohol, or "Gasohol".
Ethers — MTBE
Fuels containing up to 15% MTBE may be used.
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Refueling
The fuel tank is designed to hold approximately: 16 US gallons (60 liters) with sufficient volume left over to
accommodate possible expansion of the fuel in hot weather.
Fuel filler door
The fuel filler door (on the left rear fender) is unlocked along with the car's central locking system.
Open fuel filler cap slowly during hot weather conditions.
See page 95
in case the fuel filler door does not unlock along with the central locking system
CAUTION:
· Do not refuel with the engine running *. Turn the ignition off or to position I. If the ignition is on, an incorrect
reading could occur in the fuel gauge.
· After refueling, close the fuel filler cap by turning it clockwise until it clicks into place *.
· Avoid spilling gasoline during refueling. Gasolines containing alcohol can cause damage to painted surfaces, which
may not be covered under the New Vehicle Limited Warranty.
· Do not use gasolines containing methanol (methyl alcohol, wood alcohol). This practice can result in vehicle
performance deterioration and can damage critical parts in the fuel system. Such damage may not be covered under the
New Vehicle Limited Warranty.
· Do not overfill the fuel tank. Overfilling could damage the emission control system.
* If the fuel filler cap is not closed tightly or if the engine is running when the car is refueled, the Check Engine
Lamp may indicate a fault. However, your vehicle's performance will not be affected. Use only Volvo original or
approved fuel filler caps.
pg. 60 Driving economy
Economical driving conserves natural resources
Better driving economy may be obtained by thinking ahead, avoiding rapid starts and stops and adjusting the speed of
your vehicle to immediate traffic conditions. Observe the following rules:
· Bring the engine to normal operating temperature as soon as possible by driving with a light foot on the accelerator
pedal for the first few minutes of operation. A cold engine uses more fuel and is subject to increased wear.
· Whenever possible, avoid using the car for driving short distances. This does not allow the engine to reach normal
operating temperature.
· Drive carefully and avoid rapid acceleration and hard braking.
· Do not exceed posted speed limits.
· Avoid carrying unnecessary items (extra load) in the car.
· Maintain correct tire pressure. Check tire pressure regularly (check when tires are cold).
· Remove snow tires when threat of snow or ice has ended.
· Note that roof racks, ski racks, etc., increase air resistance and thereby fuel consumption.
· Avoid using automatic transmission kickdown feature unless necessary.
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· Avoid using the air conditioning when it is not required. When engaged, the air conditioner's compressor places an
additional load on the engine. However, please note that fuel consumption is lower with the air conditioning on than it
is when driving with the air conditioning switched off and the windows down.
· Utilizing the fuel consumption modes in the Trip Computer can help you "learn" how to drive more economically.
Other factors which decrease gas mileage are:
· Worn or dirty spark plugs
· Incorrect spark plug gap
· Dirty air cleaner
· Dirty engine oil and clogged oil filter
· Dragging brakes
· Incorrect front end alignment
Some of the above mentioned items and others are checked at the standard Maintenance Service intervals.
NOTE : The automatic transmission's ( D)rive position should be used as often as possible to help improve fuel
economy.
WARNING!
It is recommended that tires of the same make and dimensions be used on all four wheels (including the use of snow
tires). Do not use bias ply tires as this will adversely alter vehicle handling characteristics. Maintain correct tire
pressure.
pg. 61 Starting the engine
Starting and stopping
1. Fasten the seat belt.WARNING!
Before starting, check that the seat, steering wheel and mirrors are adjusted properly. Make sure the brake pedal can
be depressed completely. Move the seat closer if necessary. Refer to section "front seats".
2. Apply the parking brake, if not already set. The gear selector is locked in the (P)ark position (SHIFT LOCK).
3. Without touching the accelerator pedal, turn the ignition key to the starting position. Allow the starter to operate
for up to 5 seconds. Release the key as soon as the engine starts. If the engine fails to start, repeat step 3.
For cold starts at altitudes above 6000 ft (1800 meters), depress the accelerator pedal halfway and turn the key to the
starting position. Release the pedal slowly when the engine starts.
4. To release the gear selector from the (P)ark position, the ignition key must be in position II and the brake pedal
must be depressed.
See page 95
for instructions on manually releasing the SHIFTLOCK system.
NOTE: Your car is equipped with a KEYLOCK system. When the engine is switched off, the gear selector must be
in the ( P)ark position before the starting key can be removed from the ignition switch.
5. Select the desired gear. The gear engages after a slight delay which is especially noticeable when selecting R.
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CAUTION:
The engine should be idling; never accelerate until after you feel the gear engage! Toorapid acceleration immediately
after selecting a gear will cause harsh engagement and premature transmission wear.
NOTE : Selecting P or N when idling at a standstill for prolonged periods of time will help prevent overheating of
transmission oil.
WARNING!
Always place the gear selector in Park and apply the parking brake before leaving the vehicle. Never leave the car
unattended with the engine running.
Always open the garage doors fully before starting the engine inside a garage to ensure adequate ventilation. The
exhaust gases contain carbon monoxide, which is invisible and odorless but very poisonous.
CAUTION:
Never race the engine immediately after starting. Oil flow may not reach some lubricating points fast enough to
prevent engine damage.
Do not race the engine just prior to switching off!
pg. 62 Automatic transmission
Automatic transmission - shift gate positions
The gear selector can be moved freely between N and D. Selections of other positions are obtained by depressing the
selector knob prior to moving the selector.
Slightly depressing the selector knob allows selection of positions R, N, D, 3 and L. Fully
depressing the selector knob allows selection of position P. This is also necessary when
initially bringing the selector out of position P. Fully depressing the selector knob permits
shifting freely between all positions.
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P (Park)
Use this position when starting the engine or parking the car.
Never select P while the car is in motion.
The parking brake should also be used when parking on grades.
The gear selector is mechanically locked in the P position (SHIFT LOCK). To release the selector, start the
engine and depress the brake pedal.
If it is necessary to manually release the gear selector, see page 95 for instructions.
WARNING!
Never leave the car unattended when the engine is running. If, by mistake, the gear selector is moved from P, the car
may start moving.
R (Reverse)
Never engage R while the car is moving forward.
N (Neutral)
Neutral = no gear engaged. Use the parking brake. The engine can be started with the gear
selector in this position.
D (Drive)
D is the normal driving position and should be used as often as possible to help improve fuel economy. When the
driving modes S or E are selected, upshift and downshift of the forward gears occur automatically and are governed by
accelerator pedal position and engine speed.
3 (Intermediate position)
The indicator lamp in the instrument panel lights up when this gear is selected. The transmission automatically shifts
up and down between 1st, 2nd, and 3rd gears when the driving modes S or E are selected. There is no upshift from 3rd
gear. Position 3 can be used for driving in hilly terrain, for towing trailers or for increased engine braking power.
pg. 63 Automatic transmission
L (Low position)
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The indicator lamp in the instrument panel lights up when this gear is selected. No upshift can occur when L is
engaged. Select position L for driving in first and second gears. Use this position to select low gear with no upshift,
e.g. when ascending and descending steep grades. The transmission will make a very noticeable downshift from 2nd to
1st gear if road speed drops to below 30 mph (45 km/h) in E mode or 6 mph (10 km/h) in S mode.
Kick-down
Automatic shift to a lower gear (kick-down) is achieved by depressing the accelerator pedal fully and briskly. An
upshift will be achieved when approaching the top speed for a particular gear or by releasing the accelerator pedal
slightly. Kick -down can be used for maximum acceleration or when passing at highway speeds. Avoid using the kick-
down function during the break-in period (first 1,200 miles of vehicle operation).
"Lock-up"
The automatic transmission has a "lock -up" function which reduces engine speed and saves fuel. The "lock -up"
function can sometimes be felt as an additional gear change.
Driving mode selectors
Driving mode selectors
The button at the base of the gear lever allows you to select the Winter/Wet driving mode.
W Winter/Wet mode
Enhanced Vehicle Traction
This mode may be selected for starting/moving off on slippery roads.
· In position D*, the gearbox starts in 3rd gear and changes up to 4th gear.
· In position 3*, 2nd gear is locked and there is no change up to 3rd gear.
· In position L, 1st gear is locked.
The indicator lamp in the instrument panel
lights up when this mode is selected (even if the gear selector is in
position 3 or L). Press W to disengage this mode. When this mode is disengaged or if the ignition is switched off, the
gearbox automatically reverts to Economy (the default driving mode).
Economy mode
This is the default driving mode. The transmission changes gears at a lower engine speeds to help improve fuel
consumption.
S Sport Mode
Press S to select Sport mode. The transmission shifts up and down at higher engine speeds for improved performance.
The red LED in the button comes on to indicate that Sport mode is selected.
Press the switch again to return to Economy mode (the LED in the button will go out).
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Check Engine Lamp
If the indicator lamp begins to flash, this is an indication of a fault in the automatic gearbox. The Check Engine
Lamp will also light up if a fault is detected. If the transmission does not shift properly, place the gear selector in
position L. Please contact your Volvo retailer if this occurs.
* These positions always offer the kick-down function.

Contents | Top of Page
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VOLVO
S & V 40
Chapter 7 - Car care
pg. 97 Car care
Car care
Car care includes not only maintaining the appearance of the car, but also protecting the car exterior from the effects of
air pollution, rain, mud or road salt. The paintwork should also be touched up immediately, if damaged, to prevent rust
formation. Paint touchup
98
Washing99
Automatic car washing, Polishing and waxing100
Cleaning the upholstery101
pg. 98 Paint touch up
Paint touchup
Paint damage requires immediate attention to avoid rusting. Make it a habit to check the finish regularly when washing
the car for instance. Touchup if necessary.
Paint repairs require special equipment and skill. Contact your Volvo retailer for any extensive damage.
Minor scratches can be repaired by using Volvo touchup paint.
NOTE: When ordering touchup paint from your Volvo retailer, use the paint code indicated on the model plate. The
plate is located in the rear wall of the engine compartment (fire wall).
Minor stone chips and scratches
Material:
Primer can
Paint touchup bottle
Brush
Masking tape
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· Tar spots can be removed with kerosene or tar remover after the car has been washed.
· A stiff-bristle brush and lukewarm soapy water can be used to clean the wiper blades. Frequent cleaning improves
visibility considerably.
· Wash off the dirt from the underside (wheel housings fenders, etc.).
· In areas of high industrial fallout, more frequent washing is recommended.
CAUTION: During high pressure washing, the spray mouthpiece must never be closer to the vehicle than 13" (30
cm). Do not spray into the locks.
· When washing or steam cleaning the engine, avoid spraying water or steam directly on the electrical components or
toward the rear side of the engine.
· After cleaning the engine, the spark plug wells should be inspected for water and blown dry if necessary.
Suitable detergents
Special car washing detergents should be used. A suitable mixture is about 2.5 fl. oz. (8.5 cl) of detergent to 2.6 US
gal. (10 liters) of warm water. After washing with a detergent the car should be well rinsed with clean water.
WARNING!
· When the car is driven immediately after being washed, apply the brakes several times in order to remove any
moisture from the brake linings.
· Engine cleaning agents should not be used when the engine is warm. This may constitute a fire risk.
NOTE: When washing the car, remember to remove dirt from the drain holes in the doors and sills. Bumpers: Wash
the bumpers with the same cleaning agent used on the rest of the car. Never clean the bumpers with gasoline or paint
thinner. Difficult spots can be removed with denatured alcohol. To avoid scratches, do not dry the bumpers with paper.
pg. 100 Automatic car washing, Polishing and waxing
Automatic washing simple and quick
Brushless car washes are recommended. An automatic wash is a simple and quick way to clean your car, but it is
worth remembering that it may not be as thorough as when you yourself go over the car with sponge and water.
Keeping the underbody clean is most important, especially in the winter. Some automatic washers do not have
facilities for washing the underbody.
Before driving into an automatic wash, make sure that side view mirrors, auxiliary lamps, etc., are secure, otherwise
there is risk of the machine dislodging them. You should also lower the antenna (sedans).
We do NOT recommend washing your car in an automatic wash during the first six months (because the paint
will not have hardened sufficiently).
Polishing and waxing
Normally, polishing is not required during the first year after delivery, however, waxing is recommended.
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VOLVO
S & V 40
Chapter 8 - Volvo Service
pg. 103 Volvo Service
Service - an investment
An investment which will pay dividends in the form of improved reliability, durability and resale value. Label information
104
Maintenance service, Warranty105
Maintenance schedule106
Servicing108
Engine compartment109
Fuel/emissions systems110
Lubrication111
Engine oil112
Power steering fluid, Brake/clutch system fluid reservoir114
Coolant115
Windshield washer nozzle, Washer fluid reservoir116
Battery maintenance117
Automatic transmission fluid118
pg. 104 Label information
1 Vehicle Emission Control Information
Your Volvo is designed to meet all applicable emission standards, as evidenced by the certification label on the
underside of the hood. For further information regarding these regulations, please consult your Volvo retailer.
2 Vacuum hose routing
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