Camshaft position BMW 318i 1992 E36 Workshop Manual

100-2
ENGINE-GENERAL

Cylinder
Head
and
Valvetrain

The
aluminum
cylinder
head
uses
chain-driven
double
overhead
camshafts
and
four
valves
per
cylinder
.
See
Fig
.
1
.

The
cylinder
head
employs
a
crossflow
design
for
greater

power
and
efficiency
.
Intake
air
enters
the
combustion
cham-

ber
from
one
side
while
exhaust
gasses
exit
from
the
other
.

Oílways
in
the
head
provide
lubrication
for
the
camshafts)
and
valvetrain
.

Fig
.
1
.



M52
twin-cam,
4-valve-per-cylinder
engine
with
hydraulíc
lift-
ers
.

On
all
engines
exceptthe
M44
engine,
valveclearance
is
by
seif-adjusting
hydraulic
lifters
.
On
M44
engines,
instead
of
hy-

draulic
lifters,
hydraulic
pedestaisare
used
in
combination
with
roller
rocker
arms
to
actuate
the
valves
.
Hydraulic
pedes-
tals
have
the
same
function
as
hydraulic
lifters,
which
ís
to
maintain
zero
valve
clearance,
reduce
valve
noise,
and
elimí-
nate
routíne
adjustment
.
See
Fig
.
2
.

VANOS
(Variable
Valve
Timing)

GENERAL

1
.
Camshafts
2
.
Rocker
arms
3
.
Hydraulic
valve
adjusters
(HVA)
4
.
Valve
and
conical
valve
spring

4

Fig
.
2
.



Cross
sectionof
M44
twin-cam,
4-valve-per-cylinder
head
.
Note
function
of
hydraulíc
pedestal
in
combination
with
rock-er
arm
(with
roller
bearing
for
reduced
friction)
.

The
main
components
of
the
VANOS
system
arethe
piston

housing
with
integral
spool
valve
and
solenoid,
and
the
modi-

fied
intake
camshaft
and
sprocket
assembly
.
See
Fig
.
3
.

1993
and
later
6-cylinder
engines
are
equipped
with
a
vari-



B11001

able
intake
valve
timing
system,
known
as
VANOS
(from
the
German
words
Variable
Nockenwellen
Steuerung)
.
The



Fig
.
3
.
VANOS
(variable
intake
valve
timing)
systemusedon
M52
en-
VANOS
system
electro-hydraulically
adjusts
intake
valve
tim-



gine
.
When
solenoid
is
actuated,
oíl
pressure
is
directed
to
ingfor
enhanced
mid-range
performance
.
The
VANOS
sys-



front
side
of
gear
cup
piston
.
This
forces
gear
cup
finto
camtem
is
controlled
by
the
engine
control
module
(ECM),
using



shaft
to
advance
intake
valve
timing
.
enginespeed,engine
load
and
engine
temperature
asthe
pri-
mary
inputs
.



When
the
engine
is
running,
the
piston
housing
is
supplied
with
pressurized
engine
oil
víathe
solenoid-actuatedspool
At
low
speeds,
the
intake
valves
open
late
to
ensure
smooth



valve
.
Depending
on
the
position
of
the
spool
valve,
oil
isdi
engine
operation
.
At
mid-rangespeeds,
thevalves
open
early



rected
to
either
the
front
or
back
side
of
the
gear
cup
piston
.
(valvetiming
advanced,
VANOS
actuated)
for
increased
torque,
improved
driveability,
and
reduced
emissions
.
And
at



When
the
solenoid
isin
the
off
position,
engine
oíl
is
direct-
high
speeds,
the
valves
again
open
late
for
optimum
power



ed
to
the
back
side
of
the
piston
.
This
holds
the
gear
cup
for-
and
performance
.



ward
and
valve
timing
is
maintained
at
the
normal
"late"
position
.
When
the
solenoid
is
energized,
the
spoolvalve
is
moved
forward
and
oil
pressure
is
directed
to
the
front
side
of
the
piston
.
This
in
turn
moves
thegear
cup
further
into
the

camshaft
secondary
drive,
causing
thecamshaft
to
"advance"

12
.5°
.
The
helical
gears
are
cut
so
that
forward
motion
of
the

gear
cup
is
transiated
into
rotational
motion
of
the
camshaft
.

See
117
Camshaft
Timing
Chain
for
testing
and
repair
infor-
mation
on
the
VANOS
system
.

DISA
(Dual
Resonance
Intake
System)

DISA,usedon
4-cylinder
engines,
is
a
dual
intake
runner

system
that
effectively
provides
the
advantages
of
both
short

and
long
intake
runners
within
the
same
engine
.
For
best
per-

formance,
long
intake
runners
aremost
beneficial
atlow-
and
mid-engine
speeds
(below
4,200
rpm),
and
short
intake
run-
ners
enhance
torque
at
high
engine
speeds
(above4,200
rpm)
.

NOTE-

The
term
DISA
comes
from
the
German
words
Differ-
enzierte
Sauganlage,
and
can
roughty
be
transiated
as
a
differing
intake
manifold
configuration
.

The
DISA
solenoid
valve
is
controlled
by
the
DME
control

module,
using
engine
speed
as
the
primary
input
.
The
main

components
of
the
system
are
the
modified
twin-section
in-

takemanifoldwith
change-over
valve,
the
twin-barrel
throttle

body,
and
the
electrical/pneumatic
actuating
components
.

See
Fig
.
4
.

r

I

I

I

?
,
in
UpPer,
take
-1
manifold

1
-1
Throttle
housing
(Heated)

q
:lZU

Fig
.
4
.



DISA
system
components
.
DISA
changes
the
intake
runner

length
based
on
engine
speed
.

The
DISA
system
electro-pneumatically
changes
the
intake
runner
length
through
the
twin-section
intake
manifold
and
a
change-over
butterfly
valve
.
The
change-over
valve
is
located
at
a
point
in
the
intake
manifold
where
four
pipes
come
into
two
.
When
the
change-over
valve
is
closed,
the
4-way
primary
intake
manifold
and
the
2-way
ram
air
manifold
areconnected
to
make
the
"long"
configuration
.
When
the
change-overvalve
opens,
intake
air
flow
is
redirected
through
only
the
short
4-

way
primary
intake
manifold
.

The
change-over
valve
is
held
in
the
normally
open
position
bya
spring
.
Thisallows
for
an
open
valve
in
the
event
of
sys-
tem
failure
.
During
low
andmid
enginespeeds,
the
DME
con-

trol
module
supplies
power
to
the
solenoid
valve,
which
in
turn

allows
vacuum
to
be
applied
lo
the
vacuum
diaphragm
.
This

causes
the
valve
to
close
(long-pipe
configuration)
.
When
en-
gine
speed
reaches
approximately
4,800
rpm,
the
DME
con-
trol
module
electrically
signals
the
solenoid
valve
and
the
valve
opens,
creating
the
short
pipe
configuration
:

Further
detafs
on
DISA
canbefound
in
130
Fuel
Injection
.

Engine
Management
System

Al¡
enginescoveredby
this
manual
usean
advanced
engine

management
system
called
Digital
Motor
Electronics
(DME)
.

In
the
DME
system,
advancedOn-Board
Diagnostics
(OBD),

fuel
injection,
ignition,
and
otherfunctions,
are
combined
under

the
control
of
theEngine
Control
Module
(ECM)
.
See
Fig
.
5
.

-



Lower
intake
manifold

DISAvacuum
'
~servo

EíY1z

ENGINE-GENERAL
100-
3

le

-
DISA
solenoid
valve

0012591

/
with
butterfly
va¡

GENERAL

100-4
ENGINE-GENERAL

'



TEMP

PRECAT



POST
CAT



OXYGENSENSOR
HEATING

#
.
THROTTLE
POSITION



FUEL
INJECTOR
CONTROL
(SEQUENTIAL)

OPERATING
POWER



00

CAMSHAFT
POSITION
SENSOR

ECM



I
MAIN
GROUND

RELAY



J_



-



AC
COMPRESSOR
RELAY
CONTROL

TERMINAL
15

MEMORY
POWER
FUEL
PUMP
RELAY
CONTROL
AUX
GROUND
P

CRANKSHAFT
POSITION
dESENSOR

INTAKE
AIR

ENGINE
COOLANT
TEMP

FUEL
TANK
PRESSURE
SENSOR

S-EML
S-MSR

ASC
S-ASC

VEHICLE
SPEED

LOW
FUEL
LEVEL

A/C
SWITCH
ON
(AC)
E36
IHKA
COMPRESSOR"ON"

SIGNAL
(KO)

INDIVIDUAL
SERIAL
NUMBER

MS41
.1

SECONDARY
AIR
1NJECTION
AIR
PUMP®
RELAY
CONTROL

IDLE
CONTROL
VALVE



'M

FUEL
INJECTION
(TI)

ENGINE
SPEED
(TD)

Fig
.
5
.



Siemens
MS
41
.1
OBD
II
engine
management
systemusedon
1996
and
later
M52
engines
.

GENERAL

IGNITION
COILS
CONTROL

L
r"Q
if~
CIYVFIYC



CHE
AMP
CONTROL
ENGINE

THROTTLE
POSITION

6

ECM
RELAY
CONTROL

ASC

THROTTLE
..
:
.
.
..
-11



1Q\\\
POTENTIOMETER
POWER

CAN



TCM
II



SCAN
(DES
;
ER

DIAGNOSIS

OBD
II
I
II

GENERIC
SCANTOOL



0012596

100-
1
0
ENGINE-GENERAL

Table
d
.
OBD
I
Fault
(Blink)
Codes
(continued)

(1992-1995
modeis
only)

Graphic
representation
of
flashing
Check
Engine
light
fault
code
:
1221
-
;
5
Seconds
.
;--~
2
.5
r
----------------
Check
Engine
light
on

Fault
code
and
meaning



Corrective
action

Check
Engine
light
off

Code
1243
:
Crankshaft
position
sensor
(DME
3
.3
.1
only)



Test
crankshaft
position/rpm
sensor
and
wiring
from
sensor
lo
DME

control
module
.
Repair
Group
120

Code
1244
:
Camshaft
position
sensor
(DME
3
.3
.1
only)



Test
camshaft
position
sensor
and
wiring
fromsensor
to
DME
con-
trol
module
.
Repair
Group
130

Code
1245
:
Electronic
transmission
control
intervention
(DME
3
.3
.1



Check
wiring
between
DME
control
module
and
auto
.
transmission
only)



control
module

Code
1247
:
Ignition
secondary
monitor
(DME
3
.3
.1
only)



Check
secondary
voltage
lo
ignition
coils
.
Check
wiringat
ignition

coils
.
Repair
Group
120

Code
1251
:
Fuel
injector
#1
(DME
3
.113
.3
.1
only)



1
Test
injector
operation/signal
lo
injector
.
Repair
group130

Code
1252
:
Fuel
injector
#2
(DME
3
.113
.3
.1
only)



Test
injector
operation/signal
lo
injector
.
Repair
group130

Code
1253
:
Fuel
injector
#3
(DME
3
.1/3
.3
.1
only)



Test
injector
operation/signal
to
injector
.
Repair
group130

Code
1254
:
Fuel
injector
#4
(DME
3
.1/3
.3
.1
only)



Test
injector
operation/signal
to
injector
.
Repair
group
130

Code
1255
:
Fuel
injector
#5
(DME
3
.1/3
.3
.1
only)



Test
injector
operation/signal
to
injector
.
Repair
group130

Code
1256
:
Fuel
injector
#6
(DME
3
.1/3
.3
.1
only)



Test
injector
operation/signal
lo
injector
.
Repair
group130

Code
1261
:
Fuel
pump
control



Test
fuel
pump
relay
and
fuel
pump
circuit
.
Repairgroup
160

Code
1262
:
Idle
speed
control



Test
idleair
controlvalve
and
signalto
valve
.
Repair
Group
130

Code
1263
:
Fuel
tank
evaporative
(EVAP)
system



Test
EVAP
purge
valve
.
Repair
Group
160

Code
1264
:
Oxygen
sensor
heater



1
Test
oxygen
sensorheater
and
heater
relay
.
Repair
group
130

Code
1265
:
Check
engine
lamp
(DME
3
.3.1
only)



1
Test
for
faulty
bulb
or
wiring
.
Electrical
Wiring
Diagrams

Code
1266
:
VANOS
(DME
3
.3
.1
only)



1
Test
VANOS
solenoid
.
Check
for
signal
to
VANOS
solenoid
.

Code
1267
:
Air
pump
relay
control
(DME
3
.3
.1
only)



Test
air
pump
relay
and
wiring
(where
applicable)
Electrical
Wiring
Diagrams
Code
1271
:
Ignition
coil
#1
(DME
3
.3.1
only)



Test
ignitioncoil
and
wiring
toignitioncoil
.
Repair
Group
120

Code
1272
:
Ignition
coil
#2
(DME
3
.3.1
only)



Test
ignitioncoil
and
wiring
loignitioncoil
.
Repair
Group
120

Code
1273
:
Ignition
coil
#3
(DME
3
.3.1
only)



Test
ignitioncoil
and
wiring
loignitioncoil
.
Repair
Group
120

Code
1274
:
Ignítion
coil
#4
(DME
3
.3.1
only)



Test
ignitioncoil
and
wiring
toignitioncoil
.
Repair
Group
120

Code
1275
:
Ignitioncoil
#5
(DME
3
.3.1
only)



Test
ignition
coil
and
wiring
loignitioncoil
.
Repair
Group
120

Code
1276
:
Ignition
coil
#6
(DME
3
.3.1
only)



Test
ignitioncoil
and
wiring
loignitioncoil
.
Repair
Group
120

Code
1281
:
DME
control
module
memory
supply
(DME
3
.3
.1
only)



Check
voltage
supply
from
battery
lo
DME
control
module
.
Electri-

Code
1282
:
Fault
code
memory
(DME
3
.3.1
only)



Check
DME
control
module
inputs/outputs
.
Control
module
may
be
faulty
.
Repair
Group
130

Code
1283
:
Fuel
injector
output
stage
(DME
3
.3
.1
only)



Check
DME
control
module
inputs/outputs
.
Control
module
may
be
faulty
.
Repair
Group
130

DRIVEABILITY
TROUBLESHOOTING

cal
Wiring
Diagrams

113-4



CYLINDER
HEAD
REMOVAL
AND
INSTALLATION

20
.
Disconnect
main
engine
wiring
harness
connector
.
La-

bel
and
disconnect
harness
connectors
for
crankshaft

and
camshaft
sensors
.
See
Fig
.
8
.

0012504

Fig
..
Crankcase
vent
valve
(A),
camshaft
and
crankshaft
sensor
harness
connectors
(B),
locating
bushings
(C),
main
engine
wiring
harnessconnector
(D)
.
M44
engine
shown
.

NOTE-

Early
engines
do
not
havea
maín
disconnect
at
the
lower
intake
manifold
harness
.
lf
necessary,
remove
the
cable
ducting
bolts
and
set
harness
ducting
aside
.

21
.
Remové
lower
section
of
intake
manifold
.

"
Remove
Y
shaped
supportbracket
from
underside
of
manifold
.
(See
Fig
.
6
.)
"
Unbolt
support
brackets
from
alternator
and
starter
.
"
Remove
nuts
holding
manifold
to
cylinder
head
and
pull
manifold
back
until
harness
connectors
for
oil

pressure
switch
and
coolant
temperature
sensorare

accessible
.
Label
and
disconnect
connectors,
then
re-

move
manifold
and
set
aside
.

Timing
chains,
uncoupling



26
.
Lock
crankshaft
in
TDC
position
by
insertíng
BMW
spe-

22
.
On
M42
engines,
remove
thermostat
housing
from
up-



cial
tool
no
.
11
2
300
through
bore
and
into
hole
infly-

per
timing
chaincover
.



wheel
or
driveplate
.
See
Fig
.
11
.

23
.
On
late
M44
engines
(January
1997
and
later),
remove



NOTE-
secondary
air
injection
check-valve
from
front
of
engine



"
If
necessary,
remove
plug
from
locating
bore
in
lower
and
lay
aside
.



edge
of
bell
housing
to
insert
locking
tool
.

24
.
Remove
cylinder
identification
sensor
from
upper
tim-
ing
chaincover
.
Remove
upper
timing
chaincover
.
See
Fig
.
9
.

25
.
Set
engine
to
approximate
TDC
by
rotating
in
normal
operating
direction
until
camshaft
lobes
at
cylinder
no
.
1
are
facing
each
other
.
See
Fig
.
10
.

CYLINDER
HEAD,
4-CYLINDER

Fig
.
9
.



Upper
timing
chain
cover
bolts
(arrows)
.
Remove
secondary
air
injection
check
valve
fromhose
(A)
on
M44
engine
.
Re-
move
cylinder
identification
sensor
from
chaincover
(B)
.

0011998

Fig
.
10
.
Engine
set
to
approximate
TDC
.
Cylinder
no
.
1
camshaft
lobes
face
in
and
arrows
on
sprockets
poínt
up
(arrows)
.

"
Confirm
that
the
locking
tool
has
been
correctly
in-
stalled
by
trying
to
rotate
the
crankshaft
.

27
.
Lock
camshafts
at
TDC
by
mounting
BMW
specíal
tool
no
.
113
240
over
square
ends
of
camshafts
.
See
Fig
.
12
.

NOTE-

Check
that
tool
is
squarely
seated
on
cylinder
head
gasket
surface
.
If
necessary,
rotate
camshafts
slightly
using
an
open-end
wrench
at
hex
oncamshafts
.

Fig
.
11
.
BMW
special
tool
no
.
11
2300
installed
through
bellhousin
and
finto
flywheel
(arrow)
tolockcrankshaft
at
TDC
.

Fig
.
12
.
BMW
special
tool
no
.
11
3
240
installed
on
rear
of
camshafts
tohold
them
at
TDC
.
(M44
engine
shown
.
Other
engínes
are

similar
.)

CAUTION-

The
camshafts
must
be
locked
in
the
TDC
position

using
the
special
service
tool,
or
equivalent,
be-

fore
removing
the
timing
chaín
.
The
tool
holds
the
camshafts
parallel
to
each
other
and
perpendicu-
larto
the
valve
covergasket
surface
.

CYLINDER
HEAD
REMOVAL
AND
INSTALLATION



113-5

6011966

28
.
Remove
hydraulic
chain
tensiones
from
right
side
ofcyl-

inder
head
.
See
Fig
.
13
.

Fig
.
13
.
Hydraulic
chain
tensioner
(arrow)
.

NOTE-

It
is
not
necessary
to
remove
the
cam
sprockets
from

the
chainuntessthese
parts
are
being
reptaced
.
tire
tie
each
sprocket
to
the
chain
to
keep
the
sprockets
timed
to
each
other
.
Keeping
the
sprockets
timed
will
símplífy
instaftation
.

uu
11999

Fig
.
14
.
Chainguide
and
guide
adjusting
sleeve
(arrow)
.
Allen-head
retaining
screwhasbeen
removed
.
Use
slotted
screwdriver
to
loosen
adjusting
sleeve
.

29
.
Remove
mounting
bolts
from
left
and
right
camshaft

sprockets
.
Then
remove
camshaft
sprockets
from
cam-



_



Cylinder
head
assembly,
removing

shafts
.
On
M44
engines,
note
orientation
of
sensor



31
.
Remove
crankshaft
locking
tool
(BMW
special
tool
no
.
wheel
.



11
2
300)
.
Usingthe
crankshaft
vibration
damper
bolt,

30
.
Remove
upper
bolt
from
left
chainguide
.
Loosen
chain



turn
engine
opposite
its
normal
direction
of
rotation

guide
adjusting
sleeve
approximately
two
turns
.
See



(counterclockwise
asviewed
from
the
front)
approxi

Fig
.
14
.



mately
45°
.
This
prevents
accidental
contact
between

valves
and
pistons
during
installation
.

CYLINDER
HEAD,
4-CYLINDER

113-
6



CYLINDER
HEAD
REMOVAL
AND
INSTALLATION

32
.
Using
Torx
E12
socket,
remove
cylinder
head
bolts
in



2
.
Check
gasket
surface
of
cylinder
head
and
cylinder

the
sequence
indicated
.
See
Fig
.
15
.
Remove
cylinder



block
for
warpage
using
a
straight
edge
.

head
and
head
gasket
.
Discard
head
boits
.



3
.
On
M42
engine
:
Be
sure
oil
feed
check
valve
and
spac-

er
are
correctly
positioned
in
block
.
See
Fig
.
16
.

0012502

Fig
.
15
.
Cylinder
head
bolt
loosening
sequence
.
Use
Torx
El
2
socket
.

Cylinder
head,
installing

(4-cylinder
engine)

CAUTION-

If
the
camshafts
were
removedrínstalled
while
the
cylinder
head
was
off,
a
minimum
wafting
time
ís
requíred
after
installing
the
camshafts
.
When
the
camshafts
are
removed,
the
hydraulic
lifters
canexpand
.
This
expansion
can
cause
fncreased
valve
lift,
resultíng
in
open
valves
and
pfston
con-
tact

Cylinder
head
installation
waiting
times

"
Ator
above
68°F
(20°C)
...............
10
minutes
"50-68°F
(10-20°C)
.
.
..
...............
30
minutes

"
32-50°F
(0-10°C)
..
.
..
...............
75
minutes

1
.
Clean
cylinder
head
and
gasket
surfaces
of
cylinder
block
and
al¡
timing
chain
covers
.

"
Remove
al¡
foreign
matter
and
any
¡¡quid
from
bolt
holes,
then
clean
with
a
thread
chaser
.

CAUTION-

Do
not
useametal
scraper
or
wire
brush
to
clean
the
alumfnum
cylinder
head
or
pistons
.
If
neces-
sary,
useahard
wooden
or
plastic
scraper
.
Also
available
are
abrasivediscs
to
be
used
ín
conjunc-
tionwíth
an
electric
dril¡
.
Be
sure
to
use
the
correct
disc
for
the
type
of
metalbeingcleaned
.

CYLINDER
HEAD,
4-CYLINDER

Fig
.
16
.
Oil
feed
check
valve
and
spacer
used
on
M42
engine
.
Install
check
valvewíth
collar
(arrow)
facing
down
.

CAUTION-

If
the
check
valve
is
not
installed
correctly,
oil
flow
to
the
cylinder
head
would
be
restrícted
.

4
.
Place
new
cylinder
head
gasket
on
surface
of
cylinder

block
.
Check
that
two
locating
dowels
are
correctly
po-

sitioned
in
block
and
not
damaged
.

CAUTION-

The
word
"OBEN",
prfnted
on
the
gasket,
should
face
up
.

5
.
Place
new
rubber
profile
gasket
in
groove
of
front
cover
.

6
.
With
camshafts
locked
in
TDC
positionwith
BMW
spe-
cial
tool
as
described
earlier,
set
cylinder
head
in
posi-
tion
.

CAUTION-

"
The
camshafts
mustbe
focked
in
the
TDC
posi-
tion
at
the
rear
of
the
cylinder
head
with
BMW
specfal
tool
no
.
113240
before
installing
the
cyl-
inder
head
.

"
Make
sure
the
crankshaft,
which
had
been
rotat-
ed
approximately
45°
opposite
the
dfrection
of
engine
rotation,
is
still
in
thatposition
before
low-
ering
the
cyffnder
head
ínto
position
.

"
Torx-type
cylinder
head
bolts
should
not
be
re-
used
.
They
are
stretch-type
bolts
and
must
al-
waysbe
replaced
whenever
loosened
.

Fig
.
23
.
When
reinstalling
chain
tensioner
on
M44
engine,
old
oil
in
tensioner
piston
mustbe
expelled
bycompressing
piston
in
vise
.
When
compressing
piston,
only
compress
up
to
end
cir-
clip
(arrow)
.

21
.
Turn
engine
overby
hand
in
direction
of
rotation
at
least

two
fui¡
rotations
.
Reinstall
camshaft
and
crankshaft

locking
tools
to
check
engíne
timing
.
Remove
locking

tools
if
no
faults
are
found
.

22
.
Insta¡¡
upper
timingchain
cover
.

"
Install
gaskets
and
instan
cover
using
two
mounting



Tightening
Torque

bolts
.
Using
a
screwdriver,
lever
down
on
front
cover



"
Cylinder
head
cover
until
cover
gasket
surface
is
flush
with
cylinder
head



to
cylinder
head
(M6
screws)
.......
10
Nm
(89
in-lb)

gasket
surface
.
See
Fig
.
24
.
Tighten
two
bolis
.

"
Insta¡¡
and
tighten
remainder
of
bolis
.

23
.
Install
cylinder
head
cover
.

CYLINDER
HEAD
REMOVAL
AND
INSTALLATION



113-
9

0012507

Fig
.
24
.
Install
upper
timing
case
cover
with
two
bolis,
then
press

down
on
cover
so
that
top
surface
is
flush
withcylinder
head
(arrow)
.
Hold
cover
in
position
and
tighten
bolis
.

"
Clean
old
gasket
glue
from
sealing
surfaces
.
Usea

small
amount
of
3-Bond
®
1209
adhesive
or
equivalent

at
corners
of
half-moon
cut-outs
at
back
of
cylinder

head
.
See
Fig
.
25
.

NOTE-

OnM44
engines,
reptace
sea¡
for
oil
supply
tube
.
See
Fig
.
17
.)

Fig
.
25
.
Rear
of
cylinder
head
cover
showing
area
where
sealant
(ar-
rows)
should
be
applied
.
Inset
shows
cylinder
head
cover
mounting
bolt
and
insulator
assembly
:
M6
screw
(1),
rubber
damper
(2),
washer
(3)
.

24
.
Installation
of
remaining
parts
is
reverseofremoval,

noting
the
following
:

"
Make
sure
al¡
sealing
surfaces
are
clean
and
free
of
old

gasket
material
.
Install
new
intake
manifold
gasket
.

"
On
M44
engine
:
Replace
seals
above
and
below

crankcase
ventvalve
.

"
When
installing
lower
intake
manifold,
make
sure
hol-

low
locating
bushings
are
on
two
lower
studs
.

"
Reinstall
harness
connectors
for
oil
pressure
switch

and
coolant
temperature
sensor
before
installing
in-

take
manifold
.
Tighten
manifold
nuts
in
stages
.

"
Refill
cooling
system
as
described
in
170
Radiator

and
Cooling
System
.

"
Change
engine
oil
and
filter
as
described
in
020
Main-

tenance
Program
.

"
If
necessary,
adjust
accelerator
cable
.

"
Run
engine
at
approx
.
3,500
rpm
for
about
20
seconds

to
allow
hydraulic
chain
tensioner
to
fill
with
oil
.

"
Reconnect
battery
last
.

CYLINDER
HEAD,-CYLINDER

Fig
.
33
.
Crankshaft
is
positioned
at
TDC
when
notch
oh
front
timing
chain
cover
is
alignedwith
0/T
mark
on
víbration
damper
.

CYLINDER
HEAD
REMOVAL
AND
INSTALLATION



113-
1
3

Fig
.
35
.
Camshaft
locking
tool
(BMW
special
tool
no
.
11
3
240)
in-
stalled
on
rear
of
camshafts
.
(M44
engine
shown
.
Other
en-
gines
are
similar
.)

CAUTION-

The
camshafts
must
be
locked
in
the
TDC
position
using
the
special
service
tool
before
removing
the
timing
chain
.
Thearrowson
the
sprockets
should
not
be
used
to
accurately
set
the
engine
to
TDC
.
The
tool
holds
the
camshafts
parallel
to
each
oth-
er
and
perpendicular
to
the
cylinder
head
covergasket
surface
.

27
.
Depress
secondary
timing
chain
tensioner
and
lock
t

down
by
inserting
BMW
special
tool
no
.
113
292
.
Alter-

natively,
a
stiff
piece
of
wire
can
be
used
.
See
Fig
.,36
.

Fig
.
34
.
Crankshaft
locking
tool
(BMW
special
tool
11
2
300)
inserted



Fig
.
36
.
Press
secondary
tensioner
down
fully
and
insert
wire
through
through
bellhousinghole
and
finto
flywheel
(arrow)
.



holes
(arrow)
to
lock
.
Timingchain
tensioner
varies
depend-
ing
on
engine
(M52
engine
tensioner
shown)
.

26
.
Lockcamshafts
at
TDC
.

"
Remove
three
cylinder
head
cover
mounting
studs



28
.
Remove
mounting
nuts
from
front
of
intake
camshaft

from
across
rear
of
head,
if
applicable
.



sprocket
.
Remove
camshaft
sprocket,
thrust
washer(s),

"
Mount
BMW
special
tool
no
.
11
3
240
over
square



and
where
applicable,
spring
plate
.

ends
of
camshafts
.
Check
that
tool
is
squarely
seated

on
cylinder
head
gasket
surface
.
If
necessary,
rotate



NOTE-

camshafts
slightly
using
a
24
mm
wrench
at
hexon



Where
applicable,
make
note
of
thrust
washer
positions
.

camshaft(s)
.
See
Fig
.
35
.



The
thicker
(0
.4
mm)
washer
is
mounted
outermost
.

CYLINDER
HEAD,6-CYLINDER

NOTE-

Cylinder
head,
installing

(6-cylinder
engine)

CAUTION-

If
the
camshafts
were
removed
and
installed
while

the
cylinder
head
was
off,
a
minimum
waiting
time

is
required
after
ínstalling
the
camshafts
.
When

the
camshaftsareremoved,
the
hydraullc
lifters

can
expand
.
This
expansion
can
cause
increased

valve
lift
when
the
camshafts
are
bolted
down,
re-

sulting
in
open
valves
.

Cylinder
head
installation
waiting
times

"
68°F
(20°C)
and
higher
.
.
.
..
..........
10
minutes

"
50-68°F
(10-20°C)
........
..
.........
30
minutes

"
32-50°F
(0-10
°C)
.........
...
........
75
minutes

CYLINDER
HEAD
REMOVAL
AND
INSTALLATION



113-
1
5

1
.
Clean
cylinder
head
and
gasket
surfaces
of
cylinder

block
and
al¡
timing
chain
covers
.

"
Remove
all
foreign
matter
and
any
¡¡quid
from
bolt

holes,
then
clean
with
a
thread
chaser
.

CA
UTION-

Do
not
use
ametal
scraper
or
wire
brush
to
clean

the
aluminum
cylinder
head
or
pistons
.
If
neces-
sary,
use
a
hard
wooden
or
plastic
scraper
.
Also

available
are
abrasive
discs
to
be
used
in
conjunc-
tion
with
an
electric
drill
.
Be
sure
to
use
the
correct
disc
for
the
typeof
metal
being
cleaned
.

2
.
Check
gasket
surface
of
cylinder
head
and
cylinder

block
for
warpage
using
a
straight
edge
.

NOTE-

Fig
.
40
.
Cylinder
head
bolt
loosening
sequence
.



If
the
cylinder
head
has
been
machined,a
special
0
.3

mm
thickergasketshould
be
installed
.
The
thickergas-

ket
is
available
from
an
authorized
BMW
dealer
.

BMW
special
tool
no
.
112250
is
a
thin-walled
Torx
E12

socket
wíth
anextended
reach
.
The
cylinder
head
bolts



3
.
Place
new
cylinder
head
gasket
on
cylinder
block
.

are
recessed
finto
the
head
below
the
camshaft
towers



Check
that
two
locating
dowels
are
correctly
positioned

wíth
liffle
working
space
.



in
block
and
arenot
damaged
.

36
.
Remove
crankshaft
locking
tool
(BMW
special
tool
no
.



NOTE-

11
2
300)
.
Using
the
crankshaft
vibration
damper
bolt,



The
word
"OBEN",
printed
on
the
gasket,
should
face

turn
engine
opposite
its
normal
direction
of
rotation



up
.Thecylinderheadgasketwillfitcorrectlyinonlyone

(counterclockwise
asviewed
from
the
front)
approxi-



orientation
.

mately
45°
.
This
prevents
accidental
contact
between

valves
and
pistons
during
installation
.



4
.
With
camshafts
locked
in
TDC
positionwith
BMW
spe-

cial
tools
as
described
earlier,
set
cylinder
head
in
po

NOTE-



sition,
guiding
primary
chain
through
cylinder
head
Guide
cam
chain
to
keep
it
from
jamming
when
turning



opening
.

the
crankshaft
.
CA
UTION-

"
The
camshafts
must
be
locked
in
the
MC
posi-

tion
at
the
rear
of
the
cylinder
head
with
BMW

special
tool
no
.
113240
before
installing
the
cyl-

inder
head
.

"
Make
sure
the
crankshaft,
which
had
been
rotat-

ed
approximately
45°
opposite
thedirection
of
engine
rotation,is
still
in
that
position
before
low-
ering
the
cylinder
head
into
position
.

5
.
Lightly
lubricate
new
cylinder
head
bolts
.
Loosely
instan
bolts
and
their
washers,
then
thread
them
in
until
they

are
finger
tight
.
Install
cylinder
head-to-lower
timing

chaincover
boitsfinger
tight
.

CAUTION-

Tonc-type
cylinder
head
bolts
should
not
be
re-

used
.
They
are
stretch-typebolts
and
must
always
be
replaced
whenever
loosened
.

CYLINDER
HEAD,
6-CYLINDER