tires Hyundai Tiburon 2003 Owner's Manual
[x] Cancel search | Manufacturer: HYUNDAI, Model Year: 2003, Model line: Tiburon, Model: Hyundai Tiburon 2003Pages: 169, PDF Size: 3.04 MB
Page 97 of 169
DRIVING YOUR HYUNDAI
2- 2
C020A01A-AATBEFORE STARTING THE ENGINE
Before you start the engine, you should always:
1. Look around the vehicle to be sure there are
no flat tires, puddles of oil, water or other
indications of possible trouble.
2. After entering the car, check to be sure the
parking brake is engaged.
3. Check that all windows, and lights are clean.
4. Check that the interior and exterior mirrors
are clean and in position.
5. Check your seat, seatback and headrest to
be sure they are in their proper positions.
6. Lock all the doors.
7. Fasten your seat belt and be sure that all
other occupants have fastened theirs.
8. Turn off all lights and accessories that are
not needed.
9. When you turn the ignition switch to “ON”,
check that all appropriate warning lights are
operating and that you have sufficient fuel.
10. Check the operation of warning lights and all
bulbs when key is in the “ON” position.o To start the engine, insert the ignition key
and turn it to the "START" position. Release
it as soon as the engine starts. Do not hold
the key in the "START" position for more
than 15 seconds.
NOTE:o For safety, the engine will not start if the
clutch pedal is not depressed fully (Man-
ual transaxle) or the shift lever is not in
“P” or “N” Position (Automatic transaxle).
o The ignition key cannot be turned from
"ACC" position to "LOCK" position un-
less the shift lever is in the "P" (Park)
position or the negative battery terminal
is disconnected from the battery. To re-
move the key, always confirm that the
shift lever is securely positioned in "P"
(Park) (For Automatic transaxle)
o For additional information about start-
ing, see page 2-3.
C040A01A-AAT
KEY POSITIONS
WARNING:
The engine should not be turned off or the
key removed from the ignition key cylinder
while the vehicle is in motion. The steering
wheel is locked by removing the key.
C030A01A-AATCOMBINATION IGNITION SWITCH
To Start the Engine
o If your Hyundai is equipped with a manual
transaxle, place the shift lever in neutral and
depress the clutch pedal fully.
o If your Hyundai has an automatic transaxle,
place the shift lever in "P" (park).
o “START”The engine is started in this position. It will
crank until you release the key.
NOTE:Do not hold the key in the “START” position
for more than 15 seconds.
o “ON”When the key is in the “ON position, the ignition
is on and all accessories may be turned on. If
the engine is not running, the key should not be
left in the “ON” position. This will discharge the
battery and may also damage the ignition sys-
tem.
o “ACC”
With the key in the “ACC” position, some elec-
trical accessories (radio etc.) may be operated.
C040A01E
LOCKACC
ON
START
Page 106 of 169
DRIVING YOUR HYUNDAI
2- 11 o Remember, your Hyundai does not require
extended warm-up. As soon as the engine is
running smoothly, you can drive away. In
very cold weather, however, give your en-
gine a slightly longer warm-up period.
o Don't "lug" or "over-rev" the engine. Lugging
is driving too slowly in too high a gear
resulting in the engine bucking. If this hap-
pens, shift to a lower gear. Over-revving is
racing the engine beyond its safe limit. This
can be avoided by shifting at the recom-
mended speeds.
o Use your air conditioning sparingly. The air
conditioning system is operated by engine
power so your fuel economy is reduced
when you use it.
C150A01A-AAT
SMOOTH CORNERING
Avoid braking or gear changing in corners,
especially when roads are wet. Ideally, corners
should always be taken under gentle accelera-
tion. If you follow these suggestions, tire wear
will be held to a minimum.
C160A01A-AAT
WINTER DRIVING
The more severe weather conditions of winter
result in greater wear and other problems. To
minimize the problems of winter driving, you
should follow these suggestions: o Take care of your tires. Keep them inflated
to the recommended pressure. Incorrect in-
flation, either too much or too little, results in
unnecessary tire wear. Check the tire pres-
sures at least once a month.
o Be sure that the wheels are aligned correct-
ly. Improper alignment can result from hitting
curbs or driving too fast over irregular sur-
faces. Poor alignment causes faster tire
wear and may also result in other problems
as well as greater fuel consumption.
o Keep your car in good condition. For better
fuel economy and reduced maintenance
costs, maintain your car in accordance with
the maintenance schedule in Section 5. If
you drive your car in severe conditions,
more frequent maintenance is required (see
Section 5 for details).
o Keep your car clean. For maximum service,
your Hyundai should be kept clean and free
of corrosive materials. It is especially impor-
tant that mud, dirt, ice, etc. not be allowed to
accumulate on the underside of the car. This
extra weight can result in increased fuel
consumption and also contribute to corro-
sion.
o Travel lightly. Don't carry unnecessary weight
in your car. Weight reduces fuel economy.
o Don't let the engine idle longer than neces-
sary. If you are waiting (and not in traffic),
turn off your engine and restart only when
you're ready to go.
C160C01A-AATUse High Quality Ethylene Glycol
Coolant
Your Hyundai is delivered with high quality
ethylene glycol coolant in the cooling system. It
is the only type of coolant that should be used
because it helps prevent corrosion in the cool-
ing system, lubricates the water pump and
prevents freezing. Be sure to replace or replen-
ish your coolant in accordance with the main-
C160B01A-AATSnowy or Icy Conditions
To drive your vehicle in deep snow, it may be
necessary to use snow tires or to install tire
chains on your tires. If snow tires are needed,
it is necessary to select tires equivalent in size
and type to the original equipment tires. Failure
to do so may adversely affect the safety and
handling of your car. Speeding, rapid accelera-
tion, sudden brake applications, and sharp turns
are potentially very hazardous practices.
During deceleration, use engine braking to the
fullest extent. Sudden brake applications on
snowy or icy roads may cause skids to occur.
You need to keep sufficient distance between
the vehicle in front and your vehicle. Also, apply
the brake gently. It should be noted that install-
ing tire chains on the tire will provide a greater
driving force, but will not prevent side skids.
NOTE:Tire chains are not legal in all states. Check
state laws before fitting tire chains.
Page 108 of 169
DRIVING YOUR HYUNDAI
2- 13
C190B01S-AAT
Trailer Hitches
Select the proper hitch and ball combination,
making sure that its location is compatible with
that of the trailer or vehicle being towed. Use a
quality non-equalizing hitch which distributes
the tongue load uniformly throughout the chas-
sis.
The hitch should be bolted securely to the car
and installed by a qualified technician. DO NOT
USE A HITCH DESIGNED FOR TEMPORARY
INSTALLATION AND NEVER USE ONE THAT
ATTACHES ONLY TO THE BUMPER.
C190A02S-AATTRAILER OR VEHICLE TOWING
If you are considering towing with your car, you
should first check with your State's Department
of Motor Vehicles to determine their legal re-
quirements.
Since laws vary from State to State, the re-
quirements for towing trailers, cars, other types
of vehicles, or apparatus may differ. Ask your
Hyundai dealer for further details before towing.
CAUTION:Do not do any towing with your car during
its first 1,200 miles (2,000 km) in order to
allow the engine to properly break in. Fail-
ure to heed this caution may result in seri-
ous engine or transaxle damage.
C170A01A-AATHIGHER SPEED MOTORING
Pre-Trip Inspections
1. Tires:
Adjust the tire inflation pressures to specifica-
tion. Low tire inflation pressures will result in
overheating and possible failure of the tires.
Avoid using worn or damaged tires which may
result in reduced traction or tire failure.
NOTE:Never exceed the maximum tire inflation
pressure shown on the tires.
2. Fuel, engine coolant and engine oil: High
speed travel consumes 1.5 times more fuel
than urban motoring. Do not forget to check
both engine coolant and engine oil.
3. Drive belt:
A loose or damaged drive belt may result in
overheating of the engine.
C180A01A-AAT
USE OF LIGHTSCheck your lights regularly for correct operation
and always keep them clean. When driving
during the day in conditions of poor visibility, it
is helpful to drive with headlights on low beam.
This enables you to be seen as well as to see.
C190C02S-AATTrailer Brakes
If your trailer is equipped with a braking system,
make sure it conforms to federal and/or local
regulations and that it is properly installed and
operating correctly.
NOTE:If you tow a trailer or vehicle, your car will
require more frequent maintenance due to
the additional load. See "Maintenance Un-
der Severe Usage Conditions" on page 5-5.
CAUTION:o Never connect a trailer brake system di-
rectly to the vehicle brake system.
o When towing a trailer on steep grades (in
excess of 12%) pay close attention to the
engine coolant temperature gauge to
ensure the engine does not overheat. If
the needle of the coolant temperature
gauge moves across the dial towards
"H" (HOT), pull over and stop as soon as
it is safe to do so, and allow the engine to
idle until it cools down. You may proceed
once the engine has cooled sufficiently.
Page 110 of 169
DRIVING YOUR HYUNDAI
2- 15 9. If the trailer has electric brakes, start your
vehicle and trailer moving, and then apply
the trailer brake controller by hand to be
sure the brakes are working. This lets you
check your electrical connection at the same
time.
10. During your trip, occasionally check to be
sure that the load is secure, and that the
lights and any trailer brakes are still working.
11. Avoid jerky starts, sudden acceleration or
sudden stops.
12. Avoid sharp turns and rapid lane changes.
13. Avoid holding the brake pedal down too long
or too frequently. This could cause the brakes
to overheat, resulting in reduced braking
efficiency.
14. When going down a hill, shift into a lower
gear and use the engine braking effect.
When ascending a long grade, downshift the
transaxle to a lower gear and reduce speed
to reduce chances of engine overloading
and/or overheating.
15. If you have to stop while going uphill, do not
hold the vehicle in place by pressing on the
accelerator. This can cause the automatic
transaxle to overheat. Use the parking brake
or footbrake.
NOTE:When towing check transaxle fluid more
frequently.
C190F01S-AATTrailer or Vehicle Towing Tips
1. Before towing, check hitch and safety chain
connections as well as proper operation of
the trailer running lights, brake lights, and
turn signals.
2. Always drive your vehicle at a moderate
speed. (Less than 60 mph)
3. Trailer towing requires more fuel than nor-
mal conditions.
4. To maintain engine braking efficiency and
electrical charging performance, do not use
fifth gear (manual transaxle) or overdrive
(automatic transaxle).
5. Always secure items in the trailer to prevent
load shift while driving.
6. Check the condition and air pressure of all
tires on the trailer and your car. Low tire
pressure can seriously affect the handling.
Also check the spare tire.
7. The vehicle/trailer combination is more af-
fected by crosswind and buffeting.
When being passed by a large vehicle, keep
a constant speed and steer straight ahead.
If there is too much wind buffeting slow
down to get out of the other vehicle's air
turbulence.
8. When parking your car and trailer, especial-
ly on a hill, be sure to follow all the normal
precautions. Turn your front wheel into the
curb, set the parking brake firmly, and put
the transaxle in 1st or Reverse (manual) or
Park (automatic). In addition, place wheel
chocks at each of the trailer's tires.
CAUTION:If overheating should occur when towing,
(the temperature gauge reads near red zone),
taking the following action may reduce or
eliminate the problem.
1. Turn off the air conditioner.
2. Reduce highway speed.
3. Select a lower gear when going uphill.
4. While in stop and go traffic, place the gear
selector in park or neutral and idle the en-
gine at a higher speed.
Page 113 of 169
WHAT TO DO IN AN EMERGENCY
3-3
WARNING:While the engine is running, keep hair, hands,
and clothing away from moving parts such
as the fan and drive belts to prevent injury.
5. If the water pump drive belt is broken or
engine coolant is leaking out, stop the en-
gine immediately and call the nearest
Hyundai dealer for assistance.
WARNING:Do not remove the radiator cap when the
engine is hot. This can allow coolant to be
blown out of the opening and cause serious
burns.
6. If you cannot find the cause of the overheat-
ing, wait until the engine temperature has
returned to normal. Then, if the engine cool-
ant has been lost, carefully remove the ra-
diator cap and add engine coolant to bring
the fluid level in the reservoir up to the
halfway mark.
7. Proceed with caution, keeping alert for fur-
ther signs of overheating. If overheating hap-
pens again, call a Hyundai dealer for assis-
tance.
CAUTION:Serious loss of engine coolant indicates
there is a leak in the cooling system and this
should be checked as soon as possible by a
Hyundai dealer.
D040B01A-AAT
Handling the Spare Tire
Remove the installation bolt to remove the spare
tire. To replace the spare tire in its storage
compartment, tighten the bolt firmly with your
fingers until there is no more play in the spare
tire. tire is stored.
2. The spare tire should only be used tempo-
rarily and should be returned to the luggage
compartment as soon as the original tire can
be repaired or replaced.
3. Continuous use at speeds of over 80 km/h
(50 mph) is not recommended.
4. As the temporary spare tire is specifically
designed for your car, it should not be used
on any other vehicle.
5. The temporary spare tire should not be used
on any other wheels, nor should standard
tires, snow tires, wheel covers or trim rings
be used with the temporary spare wheel. If
such use is attempted, damage to these
items or other car components may occur.
6. The temporary spare tire pressure should
be checked once a month while the tire is
stored.
D040A01GK-AATTEMPORARY SPARE TIRE
The following instructions for the temporary
spare tire should be observed:
1. Check inflation pressure as soon as practi-
cal after installing the spare tire, and adjust
to the specified pressure. The tire pressure
should be periodically checked and main-
tained at the specified pressure while the
Inflation Pressure Tire Size
T125/70R 16
60 psi (420 kPa) Spare Tire Pressure
CAUTION:o Do not use snow chains with your tem-
porary spare tire.
o Do not use more than one temporary
spare tire at a time.
HGK190
Page 114 of 169
WHAT TO DO IN AN EMERGENCY
3-4
D050A01A-AATIF YOU HAVE A FLAT TIRE
If a tire goes flat while you are driving:
1. Take your foot off the accelerator pedal and
let the car slow down while driving straight
ahead. Do not apply the brakes immediately
or attempt to pull off the road as this may
cause a loss of control. When the car has
slowed to such a speed that it is safe to do
so, brake carefully and pull off the road.
Drive off the road as far as possible and
park on firm, level ground. If you are on a
divided highway, do not park in the median
area between the two traffic lanes.
2. When the car is stopped, turn on your emer-
gency hazard flashers, set the parking brake
and put the transaxle in "P" (automatic) or
reverse (manual transaxle).
3. Have all passengers get out of the car. Be
sure they all get out on the side of the car
that is away from traffic.
4. Change the tire following the instructions
provided on the following pages.
D060A01A-AATCHANGING A FLAT TIRE
The procedure described on the following pages
can be used to rotate tires as well as to change
a flat tire. When preparing to change a flat tire,
check to be sure the gear selector lever is in "P"
(automatic transaxle) or reverse gear (manual
transaxle) and that the parking brake is set,
then:
D060A01GK
Boss
D060K02Y-AATWheel Cap (If Installed)
HGK196
1. Wrap a piece of cloth around the tip of the
wrench bar to avoid scratching.
2. Insert the wrench bar into the groove of the
wheel cap and pry gently to remove the
wheel cap.
HGK224A
Groove
Groove
Page 122 of 169
CORROSION PREVENTION AND APPEARANCE CARE
4-2
E020C01A-AATKeep Your Garage Dry
Don’t park your car in a damp, poorly ventilated
garage. This creates a favorable environment
for corrosion. This is particularly true if you
wash your car in the garage or drive it into the
garage when it is still wet or covered with snow,
ice or mud. Even a heated garage can contrib-
ute to corrosion unless it is well ventilated so
moisture is dispersed.
E020D01A-AATKeep Paint and Trim in Good Condi-
tion
Scratches or chips in the finish should be cov-
ered with "touch-up" paint as soon as possible
to reduce the possibility of corrosion. If bare
metal is showing through, the attention of a
qualified body and paint shop is recommended.
E020E01A-AAT
Don’t Neglect the Interior
Moisture can collect under the floor mats and
carpeting to cause corrosion. Check under the
mats periodically to be sure the carpeting is dry.
Use particular care if you carry fertilizers, clean-
ing materials or chemicals in the car.
These should be carried only in proper contain-
ers and any spills or leaks should be cleaned
up, flushed with clear water and thoroughly
dried.
E030A01A-AATWASHING AND WAXING
Washing Your Hyundai
Never wash your car when the surface is hot
from being in the sun. Always wash your car in
the shade.
Wash your car frequently. Dirt is abrasive and
can scratch the paint if it is not removed. Air
pollution or acid rain may damage the paint and
trim through chemical action if pollutants are
allowed to remain in contact with the surface. If
you live near the ocean or in an area where
road salts or dust control chemicals are used,
you should pay particular attention to the under-
side of the car. Start by rinsing the car to
remove dust and loose dirt. In winter, or if you
have driven through mud or muddy water, be
sure to thoroughly clean the underside as well.
Use a hard direct stream of water to remove
accumulations of mud or corrosive materials.
Use a good quality car-washing solution and
follow the manufacturer’s directions on the pack-
age. These are available at your Hyundai dealer
or auto parts outlet. Don’t use strong household
detergents, gasoline, strong solvents or abra-
sive cleaning powders as these may damage
the finish.
Use a clean sponge or cloth, rinse it frequently
and don’t damage the finish by rubbing too
hard. For stubborn spots, dampen them fre-
quently and remove them a little at a time.To clean whitewall tires, use a stiff brush or
soapy steel-wool scouring pad.
To clean plastic wheel covers, use a clean
sponge or soft cloth and water.
To clean cast aluminum alloy wheels, use a
mild soap or neutral detergent. Do not use
abrasive cleaners. Protect the bare-metal sur-
faces by cleaning, polishing and waxing. Be-
cause aluminum is subject to corrosion, be sure
to give aluminum alloy wheels special attention
in winter. If you drive on salted roads, clean the
wheels thoroughly afterwards.
After washing, be sure to rinse thoroughly. If
soapy water dries on the finish, streaking will
result.
When the weather is warm and the humidity
low, you may find it necessary to rinse each
section immediately after washing to avoid
streaking.
After rinsing, dry the car using a damp chamois
or soft, absorbent cloth. The reason for drying
the car is to remove water from the car so it will
dry without water spots. Don’t rub, this can
damage the finish.
If you find any nicks or scratches in the paint,
use touch-up paint to cover them to prevent
corrosion. To protect the paintwork of the car
against corrosion, you must clean your Hyundai
(at least once a month). Give special attention
to the removal of salt, mud and other substanc-
Page 149 of 169
DO-IT-YOURSELF MAINTENANCE
6-18
G290A02GK-AATHEADLIGHT AIMING ADJUSTMENT
Before performing aiming adjustment, make sure
of the following.
1. Keep all tires inflated to the correct pres-
sure.
2. Place the vehicle on level ground and press
the front bumper & rear bumper down sev-
eral times. Place vehicle at a distance of 118
in. (3m) from the test wall.
3. See that the vehicle is unloaded (except for
full levels of coolant, engine oil and fuel, and
spare tire, jack, and tools).
4. Clean the head light lenses and turn on the
headlights (low beam).
5. Open the hood.
6. Draw the vertical line (through the center of
each headlight beam pattern) and the hori-
zontal line (through the center of each head-
light beam pattern) on the aiming screen.And then, draw the parallel line at 0.827 in.
(21 mm) under the horizontal line.
7. Adjust each cut-off line of the low beam to
the parallel line with a phillips screwdriver -
VERTICAL AIMING.
8. Adjust each cut-off line of the low beam to
the each vertical line with a phillips screw-
driver - HORIZONTAL AIMING.
WARNING:Horizontal aiming should be adjusted by an
authorized Hyundai Dealer.
G290B01GK-AATAdjustment After Headlight Assembly
Replacement
G290B01GK
Vertical
line
Cut-off line
Ground line Horizontal line
LW
H
H
"P"
0.827in.(21mm)
If the vehicle has had front body repair and the
headlight assembly has been replaced, the
headlight aiming should be checked using the
aiming screen as shown in the illustration. Turn
on the headlight switch.
Horizontal
aiming
G290A03GK
Vertical
aiming
Low Beam1. Adjust headlights so that main axis of light is
parallel to center line of the body and is
aligned with point "P" shown in the illustra-
tion.
2. Dotted lines in the illustration show the cen-
ter of headlights.
SPECIFICATION:"H"
Horizontal center line of headlights from ground:
Low Beam: 26.7 in. (679mm)
High Beam: 26.5 in. (672mm)
"W"
Distance between each headlight center :
Low Beam: 47.3 in. (1,202mm)
High Beam: 38.0 in. (966mm)
"L"
Distance between the headlights and the wall
that the lights are tested against : 118 in. (3,000
mm)
Page 155 of 169
CONSUMER INFORMATION & REPORTING SAFETY DEFECTS
8-1
8. CONSUMER
INFORMATION &
REPORTING SAFE-
TY DEFECTS
I010A01A-AAT
VEHICLE IDENTIFICATION
NUMBER (VIN)
The vehicle identification number (VIN) is the
number used in registering your car and in all
legal matters pertaining to its ownership, etc. It
can be found in three different places on your
car:1. On the bulkhead between the engine and
passenger compartments.
2. On the left top side of the instrument panel
where it can be seen by looking down through
the windshield.
3. On the lower side of the center pillar outer
panel.
I010B01A-AATEngine Number
The engine number is stamped on the engine
block as shown in the drawing.
I020A01A-AAT
TIRE INFORMATION
The tires supplied on your new Hyundai are
chosen to provide the best performance for
normal driving.
I030A01GK-AATRECOMMENDED INFLATION PRES-
SURES
The tire label located on the driver side center
pillar outer panel gives the tire pressures rec-
ommended for your vehicle.
HGK220A
123
8
I010B01GK
DOHC
V6
HGK092
6.0Jx15
6.5Jx16
7.0Jx17
4Tx16TIRE
SIZE RIM
SIZE
PRESSURE, kPa (PSI)
195/65R15
205/55R16
215/45R17
T125/70R16REAR
210(30)
210(30)
210(30)
420(60)FRONT
210(30)
230(33)
240(35)
420(60) UP TO 2
PERSONSUP TO
MAX. LOAD
REAR
210(30)
230(33)
230(33)
420(60) FRONT
210(30)
210(30)
220(32)
420(60)
These pressures were chosen to provide the
most satisfactory combination of ride comfort,
tire wear and stability under normal conditions.
Tire pressures should be checked at least
monthly. Proper tire inflation pressures should
be maintained for these reasons:
Page 156 of 169
CONSUMER INFORMATION & REPORTING SAFETY DEFECTS
8-2 o Lower-than-recommended tire pressures
cause uneven tread wear and poor han-
dling.
o Higher-than-recommended tire pressures
increase the chance of damage from im-
pacts and cause uneven tread wear.
CAUTION:Always observe the following:
o Check pressures when the tires are cold.
That is, after the car has been parked for
at least three hours and hasn't been driv-
en more than one mile or 1.6 km since
starting up.
o Check the pressure of your spare tire
each time you check the pressure of
other tires.
o Never overload your car. Be especially
careful about overloading if you equip
your car with a luggage rack or car top
carrier.mum pressure shown on the tire sidewall which-
ever is less.
Do not drive faster than 75 mph (120 km/h)
when your car is equipped with snow tires.
I050A02GK-AAT
TIRE CHAINS
Tire chains, if necessary, should be installed on
the front wheels. Be sure that the chains are the
proper size and that they are installed in accor-
dance with the manufacturer's instructions. Refer
to the following information.
To minimize tire and chain wear, do not contin-
ue to use tire chains when they are no longer
needed.
WARNING:o When driving on roads covered with snow
or ice, drive at less than 20 mph (30 km/
h).
o Use tire chains less than 0.39 in. (10mm)
for "16, and "17 tire.
o Avoid sudden stop and turn.
o Tighten firmly to avoid contact with the
vertical body, if you have noise caused
by chaws contacting the body, remove
the chains for damage protection.Tire size
205/55 R 16
215/45 R 17
Snow Chain Thickness
Max. 0.39 in. (10 mm)
Max. 0.39 in. (10 mm)
I060A02GK-AATTIRE ROTATION
Tires should be rotated every 6,000 miles
(10,000 km). If you notice that tires are wearing
unevenly between rotations, have the car
checked by a Hyundai dealer so the cause may
be corrected.
After rotating, adjust the tire pressures and be
sure to check wheel nut tightness.
WARNING:Do not mix bias-ply and radial-ply tires un-
der any circumstances. This may cause dan-
gerous handling characteristics.
I060A01GK
16" Tire17" Tire
I040A01S-AAT
SNOW TIRES
If you equip your car with snow tires, they
should be the same size and have the same
load capacity as the original tires. Snow tires
should be installed on all four wheels; other-
wise, poor handling may result.
Snow tires should carry 4 psi (28 kPa) more air
pressure than the pressure recommended for
the standard tires on the tire label on the driver
side center piller outer panel or up to the maxi-