ECU LAND ROVER DISCOVERY 1999 Workshop Manual

CONTENTS
CONTENTS 7
ENGINE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM - V8 .................................................. 18-2-1
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
Engine management component location - Passenger compartment ............................................ 18-2-1
Engine management component location - Engine compartment .................................................. 18-2-2
Engine management block diagram ............................................................................................... 18-2-4
Description - engine management .................................................................................................. 18-2-6
Operation - engine management .................................................................................................... 18-2-49
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
Cruise control component layout .................................................................................................... 18-2-61
Cruise control block diagram .......................................................................................................... 18-2-62
Description - cruise control ............................................................................................................. 18-2-63
Operation - cruise control................................................................................................................ 18-2-74
ADJUSTMENTS
Cable - throttle ............................................................................................................................. 18-2-77
Cable - cruise control .................................................................................................................... 18-2-77
REPAIRS
Spark plugs .................................................................................................................................. 18-2-79
Coil - ignition ................................................................................................................................. 18-2-80
Engine control module (ECM) ......................................................................................................... 18-2-81
Sensor - engine coolant temperature (ECT) ................................................................................ 18-2-82
Sensor - crankshaft position (CKP) ............................................................................................... 18-2-83
Sensor - radiator temperature ....................................................................................................... 18-2-84
Sensor - camshaft position (CMP) ................................................................................................. 18-2-84
Knock sensor (KS) .......................................................................................................................... 18-2-85
Air cleaner assembly ..................................................................................................................... 18-2-86
Element - air filter .......................................................................................................................... 18-2-87
Cable - throttle ................................................................................................................................ 18-2-88
Sensor - Mass Air Flow (MAF) ...................................................................................................... 18-2-89
Throttle Body................................................................................................................................... 18-2-90
Plenum chamber ............................................................................................................................. 18-2-91
Sensor - throttle position (TP) ....................................................................................................... 18-2-91
Valve - idle air control (IACV) ........................................................................................................ 18-2-92
Injectors ......................................................................................................................................... 18-2-92
Actuator - cruise control ................................................................................................................ 18-2-94
Vacuum control unit - up to 03MY................................................................................................... 18-2-94
Vacuum control unit - from 03MY ................................................................................................... 18-2-95
Cable - cruise control ..................................................................................................................... 18-2-96
Switch - cruise control (on/off) ........................................................................................................ 18-2-96
Switch - cruise control (set/resume) ............................................................................................... 18-2-97
Switch - clutch pedal - cruise control ............................................................................................ 18-2-97
ECU - Cruise control ..................................................................................................................... 18-2-98

CONTENTS
CONTENTS 15
FRONT SUSPENSION.............................................................................. 60-1
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
Front suspension component layout (ACE torsion bar shown) ....................................................... 60-1
Front suspension components (ACE torsion bar shown) ................................................................ 60-2
Description ...................................................................................................................................... 60-4
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
ACE system component layout ....................................................................................................... 60-7
ACE system control diagram .......................................................................................................... 60-8
Description - ACE ........................................................................................................................... 60-9
Operation ........................................................................................................................................ 60-22
ADJUSTMENTS
ACE hydraulic system bleeding ..................................................................................................... 60-25
Fluid level check - ACE system ...................................................................................................... 60-25
REPAIRS
Bushes - Panhard rod ................................................................................................................... 60-27
Ball joint - upper - steering knuckle ............................................................................................... 60-28
Ball joint - lower - steering knuckle ................................................................................................. 60-29
Steering knuckle ........................................................................................................................... 60-30
Road spring - front ........................................................................................................................ 60-32
Wheel hub ....................................................................................................................................... 60-33
Damper - front ............................................................................................................................... 60-35
Bushes - radius arm ...................................................................................................................... 60-37
ECU - ACE ..................................................................................................................................... 60-39
Accelerometer - ACE - upper ........................................................................................................ 60-40
Accelerometer - ACE - lower ........................................................................................................ 60-40
Pump - ACE - V8 ............................................................................................................................ 60-41
Pump - ACE - diesel ....................................................................................................................... 60-42
Valve block - ACE ......................................................................................................................... 60-44
Filter - high pressure - ACE .......................................................................................................... 60-47
Pressure transducer - ACE ........................................................................................................... 60-48
Solenoid - pressure control valve - ACE ....................................................................................... 60-49
Solenoid - directional control valve - ACE ..................................................................................... 60-49
Pipe assembly - valve block to front actuator - ACE ...................................................................... 60-50
Pipe assembly - pump or reservoir to valve block - ACE - V8 ....................................................... 60-52
Pipe assembly - pump or reservoir to valve block - ACE - diesel .................................................. 60-55
Pipe assembly - valve block to rear actuator - ACE ........................................................................ 60-59
Actuator - front - ACE .................................................................................................................... 60-61
Bushes - front long arm - ACE ........................................................................................................ 60-63

CONTENTS
CONTENTS 17
BRAKES ................................................................................................... 70-1
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
Brake system control component layout ......................................................................................... 70-1
Brake system control diagram ........................................................................................................ 70-2
Brake system hydraulic component layout ..................................................................................... 70-4
Description ...................................................................................................................................... 70-5
Operation ........................................................................................................................................ 70-20
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
Handbrake component layout ......................................................................................................... 70-25
Description ...................................................................................................................................... 70-26
ADJUSTMENTS
Handbrake .................................................................................................................................... 70-29
Brake system bleeding ................................................................................................................... 70-30
REPAIRS
Brake disc - front .......................................................................................................................... 70-33
Brake disc - rear ............................................................................................................................ 70-34
Master cylinder - brake ................................................................................................................. 70-35
Cable - handbrake ........................................................................................................................ 70-36
Switch - brake light ........................................................................................................................ 70-37
Brake pads - front ......................................................................................................................... 70-38
Brake pads - rear .......................................................................................................................... 70-39
Brake shoes - handbrake ................................................................................................................ 70-40
Servo - brake .................................................................................................................................. 70-42
Vacuum pump - servo ..................................................................................................................... 70-43
Housing - caliper - front ................................................................................................................. 70-45
Housing - caliper - rear ................................................................................................................. 70-46
ECU - Self levelling and anti locking brakes (SLABS) ................................................................. 70-47
Sensor – ABS – front ..................................................................................................................... 70-48
Sensor – ABS – rear ....................................................................................................................... 70-48
Modulator unit - ABS ...................................................................................................................... 70-49
Switch - Hill descent control ............................................................................................................ 70-50
Switch - handbrake ....................................................................................................................... 70-50

CONTENTS
CONTENTS 21
SUNROOF................................................................................................. 76-6-1
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
Electric sunroof component location ............................................................................................... 76-6-1
Sunroof components ....................................................................................................................... 76-6-2
System block diagram..................................................................................................................... 76-6-4
Description ...................................................................................................................................... 76-6-5
Operation ........................................................................................................................................ 76-6-13
REPAIRS
Sunroof - front ................................................................................................................................. 76-6-15
Sunroof - rear ................................................................................................................................ 76-6-16
Glass panel - sunroof ...................................................................................................................... 76-6-17
Motor - sunroof ............................................................................................................................... 76-6-18
Drive cable assembly ..................................................................................................................... 76-6-19
Switch pack - sunroof ..................................................................................................................... 76-6-20
ECU - sunroof ................................................................................................................................ 76-6-20
CHASSIS AND BODY DIMENSIONS....................................................... 77-1-1
CHASSIS DIMENSIONS
Chassis body mounting points - front end....................................................................................... 77-1-1
Chassis body mounting points - rear end ....................................................................................... 77-1-2
Chassis dimensions - front end ....................................................................................................... 77-1-3
Chassis dimensions - rear end ....................................................................................................... 77-1-4
BODY DIMENSIONS
Body Dimensions ............................................................................................................................ 77-1-5
Gaps and profiles ............................................................................................................................ 77-1-13

CONTENTS
24 CONTENTS
AIR CONDITIONING ................................................................................. 82-1
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
A/C refrigerant system component layout....................................................................................... 82-1
A/C control system component layout ............................................................................................ 82-2
Description ...................................................................................................................................... 82-3
Operation ........................................................................................................................................ 82-16
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
Rear A/C refrigerant system component layout .............................................................................. 82-21
Rear A/C distribution and control component layout ...................................................................... 82-22
Description ...................................................................................................................................... 82-23
Operation ........................................................................................................................................ 82-26
REFRIGERANT RECOVERY, RECYCLING AND RECHARGING
Refrigerant recovery, recycling and recharging .............................................................................. 82-27
REPAIRS
Compressor - diesel........................................................................................................................ 82-29
Compressor - V8............................................................................................................................. 82-30
Fan - condenser ............................................................................................................................ 82-31
Condenser .................................................................................................................................... 82-31
Receiver drier and dual pressure switch......................................................................................... 82-33
ECU - air temperature control ......................................................................................................... 82-35
Sensor - ambient air temperature ................................................................................................ 82-35
Sensor - solar light ........................................................................................................................ 82-36
Sensor - air temperature ............................................................................................................. 82-37
Evaporator, evaporator thermistor and thermal expansion valve (TXV) ........................................ 82-38
Expansion valve - (TXV) - rear ....................................................................................................... 82-41
Evaporator - rear............................................................................................................................. 82-42
Evaporator and motor assembly - rear ........................................................................................... 82-43
Blower motor assembly - rear ......................................................................................................... 82-44
Resistor - blower motor ................................................................................................................. 82-45
Duct - centre - rear.......................................................................................................................... 82-45

CONTENTS
28 CONTENTS
DRIVING AIDS .......................................................................................... 86-8-1
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
Park Distance Control – Component Location................................................................................ 86-8-1
Park Distance Control – Control Diagram....................................................................................... 86-8-2
Description ...................................................................................................................................... 86-8-4
Operation ........................................................................................................................................ 86-8-11
REPAIRS
Control unit (ECU) - park distance control (PDC) ........................................................................... 86-8-13
Sounder - parking aid rear ............................................................................................................. 86-8-14
Sensor - parking aid - rear - inner ................................................................................................... 86-8-15
Sensor - parking aid - rear - outer .................................................................................................. 86-8-16
NAVIGATION SYSTEM ............................................................................ 87-1
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
Harman/Becker Navigation System Component Location.............................................................. 87-1
Description ...................................................................................................................................... 87-2
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
CARiN III Navigation and Trafficmaster System Component Location........................................... 87-12
Description ...................................................................................................................................... 87-14
Operation ........................................................................................................................................ 87-20
REPAIRS
Interface electronic control unit (ECU) - remote control ................................................................. 87-29
Display unit .................................................................................................................................... 87-30
INSTRUMENTS ......................................................................................... 88-1
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
Instrument pack .............................................................................................................................. 88-1
Instrument component location - Engine compartment / underneath vehicle ................................. 88-2
Instrument component location - Passenger compartment ............................................................ 88-3
Instrument block diagram ............................................................................................................... 88-4
Description ...................................................................................................................................... 88-5
Interior rear view mirror with compass (where fitted) ..................................................................... 88-42
REPAIRS
Clock ............................................................................................................................................... 88-45
Instrument pack ............................................................................................................................ 88-45

INTRODUCTION
01-3
Abbreviations and Symbols
A Amperes
AAP Ambient Air Pressure
ABDC After Bottom Dead Centre
ABS Anti-Lock Brake System
ac Alternating current
A/C Air Conditioning
ACE Active Cornering Enhancement
ACEA Association of Constructors of
European Automobiles
AFR Air Fuel Ratio
AP Ambient Pressure
ASC Anti-shunt Control
ATC Air Temperature Control
ATDC After Top Dead Centre
BBDC Before Bottom Dead Centre
BBUS Battery Backed Up Sounder
BCU Body Control Unit
BDC Bottom Dead Centre
bhp Brake Horse Power
BP Boost Pressure
BPP Brake Pedal Position
BS British Standard
BTDC Before Top Dead Centre
C Celsius
CAN Controller Area Network
CD Compact Disc
CDC Centre Differential Control
CDL Central Door Locking
CD - ROM Compact Disc - Read Only
Memory
CFC Chlorofluorocarbon
CHMSL Centre High Mounted Stop Lamp
CKP Crankshaft Position
CLV Calculated Load Value
cm Centimetre
cm
2Square centimetre
cm3Cubic centimetre
CMP Camshaft Position
CPP Clutch Pedal Position
CO Carbon Monoxide
CO
2Carbon Dioxide
CR Common Rail
CVS Canister Vent Solenoid
deg. Degree, angle or temperature
dia. Diameter
DIN Deutsche Industrie Normen
(German Industrial Standards)
dc Direct current
DCV Directional Control Valve
DOHC Double Overhead Camshaft
DTI Dial Test Indicator
DFM Dual Mass Flywheel
DVD Digital Versatile Disc
EACV Electronic Air Control Valve EAT Electronic Automatic
Transmission
EBD Electronic Brake pressure
Distribution
ECD European Community Directive
ECM Engine Control Module
ECT Engine Coolant Temperature
ECU Electronic Control Unit
EDC Electronic Diesel Control
EEPROM Electronic Erasable
Programmable Read Only
Memory
EGR Exhaust Gas Recirculation
EKA Emergency Key Access
EN European Norm
EOBD European On Board Diagnostics
ETC Electronic Traction Control
EUI Electronic Unit Injector
EVAP Evaporative Emission
EVR Electronic Vacuum Regulator
F Fahrenheit
FBH Fuel Burning Heater
FIP Fuel Injection Pump
FTC Fast Throttle Control
g Gramme or Gravity
hHour
hc High compression
HC Hydro Carbons
HDC Hill Descent Control
HDPE High Density Polyethylene
HFS Heated Front Screen
Hg Mercury
HO2S Heated Oxygen Sensor
HMW High Molecular Weight
HRW Heated Rear Window
ht/HT High tension
IACV Idle Air Control Valve
IAT Intake Air Temperature
ICE In-Car Entertainment
i.dia. Internal diameter
IDM Intelligent Driver Module
in3Cubic inch
ILT Inlet Throttle
ISO International Organisation for
Standardisation
k Thousand
kg Kilogramme
km Kilometre
km/h Kilometres per hour
kPa KiloPascal
KS Knock Sensor
lLitre
lbf.in Pounds force inches
lbf/in
2Pounds per square inch
lbf.ft Pounds force feet

GENERAL INFORMATION
03-2
Safety Instructions
Whenever possible, use a lift or pit when working
beneath vehicle, in preference to jacking. Chock
wheels as well as applying parking brake.
Jacking
Always use the recommended jacking points.
Always ensure that any lifting apparatus has
sufficient load capacity for the weight to be lifted.
Ensure the vehicle is standing on level ground prior
to lifting or jacking.
Apply the handbrake and chock the wheels.
WARNING: Do not work on or under a vehicle
supported only by a jack. Always support the
vehicle on safety stands.
Do not leave tools, lifting equipment, spilt oil, etc.
around or on the work bench area. Always keep a
clean and tidy work area.
Brake shoes and pads
Always fit the correct grade and specification of
brake linings. When renewing brake pads and brake
shoes, always replace as complete axle sets.Brake hydraulics
Observe the following recommendations when
working on the brake system:
lAlways use two spanners when loosening or
tightening brake pipe or hose connections.
lEnsure that hoses run in a natural curve and are
not kinked or twisted.
lFit brake pipes securely in their retaining clips
and ensure that the pipe cannot contact a
potential chafing point.
lContainers used for brake fluid must be kept
absolutely clean.
lDo not store brake fluid in an unsealed
container, it will absorb water and in this
condition would be dangerous to use due to a
lowering of its boiling point.
lDo not allow brake fluid to be contaminated with
mineral oil, or put new brake fluid in a container
which has previously contained mineral oil.
lDo not re-use brake fluid removed from the
system.
lAlways use clean brake fluid or a recommended
alternative to clean hydraulic components.
lAfter disconnection of brake pipes and hoses,
immediately fit suitable blanking caps or plugs to
prevent the ingress of dirt.
lOnly use the correct brake fittings with
compatible threads.
lObserve absolute cleanliness when working
with hydraulic components.
Cooling system caps and plugs
Extreme care is necessary when removing
expansion tank caps and coolant drain or bleed
screws when the engine is hot, especially if it is
overheated. To avoid the possibility of scalding,
allow the engine to cool before attempting removal.
Air suspension system
Whilst working on the air suspension system, eye
protection must be worn at all times.

GENERAL INFORMATION
03-3
Environmental Precautions
General
This section provides general information which can
help to reduce the environmental impacts from the
activities carried out in workshops.
Emissions to air
Many of the activities that are carried out in
workshops emit gases and fumes which contribute to
global warming, depletion of the ozone layer and/or
the formation of photochemical smog at ground
level. By considering how the workshop activities are
carried out, these gases and fumes can be
minimised, thus reducing the impact on the
environment.
Exhaust fumes
Running car engines is an essential part of workshop
activities and exhaust fumes need to be ventilated to
atmosphere. However, the amount of time engines
are running and the position of the vehicle should be
carefully considered at all times, to reduce the
release of poisonous gases and minimise the
inconvenience to people living nearby.
Solvents
Some of the cleaning agents used are solvent based
and will evaporate to atmosphere if used carelessly,
or if cans are left unsealed. All solvent containers
should be firmly closed when not needed and
solvent should be used sparingly. Suitable
alternative materials may be available to replace
some of the commonly used solvents. Similarly,
many paints are solvent based and the spray should
be minimised to reduce solvent emissions.
Refrigerant
It is illegal to release any refrigerants into the
atmosphere. Discharge and replacement of these
materials from air conditioning units should only be
carried out using the correct equipment.
Checklist
Always adhere to the following.
Engines:
ldon't leave engines running unnecessarily;
lminimise testing times and check where the
exhaust fumes are being blown.
Materials:
lkeep lids on containers of solvents;
lonly use the minimum quantity;
lconsider alternative materials;
lminimise over-spray when painting. Gases:
luse the correct equipment for collecting
refrigerants;
ldon't burn rubbish on site.
Discharges to water
Most sites will have two systems for discharging
water: storm drains and foul drains. Storm drains
should only receive clean water, foul drains will take
dirty water.
The foul drain will accept many of the normal waste
waters such as washing water, detergents and
domestic type wastes, but oil, petrol, solvent, acids,
hydraulic oil, antifreeze and other such substances
should never be poured down the drain. If in any
doubt speak to the Water Company first.
Every precaution must be taken to prevent spillage of
oil, fuel, solvents etc. reaching the drains. All
handling of such materials must take place well away
from the drains and preferably in an area with a kerb
or wall around it, to prevent discharge into the drain.
If a spillage occurs it should be soaked up
immediately. Having a spill kit available will make
this easier.
Additional precautions
Check whether the surface water drains are
connected to an oil water separator, this could
reduce the pollution if an incident was to occur. Oil
water separators do need regular maintenance to
ensure effectiveness.
Checklist
Always adhere to the following.
Disposal:
lnever pour anything down a drain without first
checking that it is environmentally safe to do so,
and that it does not contravene any local
regulations or bye-laws;
l have oil traps emptied regularly.
Spillage prevention:
lstore liquids in a walled area;
lmake sure that taps on liquid containers are
secure and cannot be accidentally turned on;
lprotect bulk storage tanks from vandalism by
locking the valves;
ltransfer liquids from one container to another in
an area away from open drains;
lensure lids are replaced securely on containers;
lhave spill kits available near to points of storage
and handling of liquids.

GENERAL INFORMATION
03-13
Self-locking nuts
Self-locking nuts, i.e. nylon insert or deferred thread
nuts can be re-used providing resistance can be felt
when the locking portion of the nut passes over the
thread of the bolt or stud.
Where self-locking nuts have been removed, it is
advisable to replace them with new ones of the same
type.
Flexible Pipes and Hoses
General
When removing and installing flexible hydraulic pipes
and hoses, ensure that the following practices are
observed to ensure component serviceability.
lBefore removing any brake or power steering
hose, clean end fittings and area surrounding
them as thoroughly as possible.
lObtain appropriate plugs or caps before
detaching hose end fittings, so that the ports can
be immediately covered to prevent the ingress
of dirt.
lClean hose externally and blow through with
airline. Examine carefully for cracks, separation
of plies, security of end fittings and external
damage. Reject any faulty hoses.
lWhen refitting a hose, ensure that no
unnecessary bends are introduced, and that
hose is not twisted before or during tightening of
union nuts.
lFit a cap to seal a hydraulic union and a plug to
its socket after removal to prevent ingress of
dirt.
lAbsolute cleanliness must be observed with
hydraulic components at all times.
lAfter any work on hydraulic systems, carefully
inspect for leaks underneath the vehicle while a
second operator applies maximum brake
pressure to the brakes (engine running) and
operates the steering.