cooling lexus LS400 1996 Audio System / 1996 LS400: ENGINE

ENGINE
191 ± COOLING SYSTEM
Capacity
11.0 L (11.6 qt., 9.7 Imp. qt.)
Coolant typeEthylene ± glycol coolant (Do not use alcohol type.)
± FUEL
Fuel type
Only UNLEADED
Research octane number96 (Octane Rating 91) or higher
± IGNITION SYSTEM
Spark plug
± MakeNIPPONDENSOPK20R11
NGK BKR6EP11
± Gap1.1 mm (0.043 in.)
± ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Battery ±
Maintenance type battery
Specific gravity reading at 20C (68F): 1.260Fully charged
1.160Half charged
1.060Discharged
Charging rates Quick charge 15A max.
Slow charge 5A max.
±Non±maintenance battery
Open voltage at 20C (68F): 12.7VFully charged
12.3VHalf charged
11.9VDischarged
[Voltage that is checked 20 minutes after the key is
removed with all the lights turned off]
Charging rates5A max.

ENGINE
193
Gasolines containing alcohol
Gasohol is a mixture of gasoline and ethanol. If you use
gasohol in your Lexus, be sure that it is unleaded, has
an octane rating no lower than 87 and does not contain
more than 10% ethanol. Lexus does not recommend the
use of gasolines containing methanol.
If you use gasoline containing methanol, use only gasoline
meeting the requirements above and also containing less
than 5% methanol with cosolvents and corrosion inhibitors
for methanol.
NOTICE
Do not use gasohol other than stated above. It will
cause fuel system damage or vehicle performance
problems.
If driveability problems are encountered (poor hot
starting, vaporizing, engine knock, etc.),
discontinue its use.
Take care not to spill gasohol during refueling.
Gasohol may cause paint damage.
Fuel tank capacity
85 L (22.5 gal., 18.7 Imp. gal.)
FACTS ABOUT ENGINE OIL
CONSUMPTION
Functions of engine oil
Engine oil has the primary function of lubricating and cooling
the inside of the engine, and plays a major role in maintaining
the engine in proper working order.
Engine oil consumption
It is normal that an engine should consume some
engine oil during normal engine operation. The causes
of oil consumption in a normal engine are as follows.
Oil is used to lubricate pistons, piston rings and cylinders.
A thin film of oil is left on the cylinder wall when a piston
moves downwards in the cylinder. High negative pressure
generated when the vehicle is decelerating sucks some of
this oil into the combustion chamber. This oil as well as
some part of the oil film left on the cylinder wall is burned
by the high temperature combustion gases during the
combustion process.
Oil is also used to lubricate the stems of the intake valves.
Some of this oil is sucked into the combustion chamber
together with the intake air and is burned along with the
fuel. High temperature exhaust gases also burn the oil
used to lubricate the exhaust valve stems.

ENGINE
198If the coolant level drops within a short time after
replenishing, there may be a leak in the system. Visually
check the radiator, hoses, reservoir cap, drain cock and
water pump.
If you can find no leak, have your Lexus dealer test the cap
pressure and check for leaks in the cooling system.
CAUTION!
To prevent burning yourself, do not remove the
reservoir cap when the engine is hot.
Engine coolant selection
Your coolant must contain ethylene±glycol antifreeze. In
addition to preventing freezing and subsequent damage to
the engine, this will also prevent corrosion. Further
supplemental inhibitors or additives are neither needed nor
recommended.
Read the antifreeze container for information on freeze
protection. Follow the manufacturer's directions for how
much to mix with water. The total capacity of the cooling
system is given on page 191. We recommend 50% solution
be used for your Lexus, or a sufficient quantity to provide
protection to about ±35C (±31F).
NOTICE
Do not use alcohol type antifreeze or plain water
alone.