water pump OPEL GT-R 1973 User Guide

2. If inspection of contact points indicates excessive
burning, pitting or wear, check condenser and re-
place if necessary.
3. Inspect all connections and wires in the primary
ignition circuit. Correct any abnormal conditions
found.Carburetor1. Clean fuel strainer in fuel pump. To prevent fuel
leakage in pump, disconnect “IN” line from pump
and raise end above fuel level. The in-line fuel filter
should be replaced every 12,000 miles or every 12
months.
2. Check for freedom of choke valve operation and
clean shaft if necessary, with suitable solvent.
3. Inspect throttle cable or linkage bracket and re-
turn spring for wear. With helper depressing acceler-
ator pedal to floor, check for wide open throttle.
Adjust accelerator pedal height so wide open throttle
is obtained when pedal is within
l/2 inch from floor.
Lubricate linkage pivot points with engine oil.
Air CleanerCheck paper element every 6,000 miles and replace
every
24,ooO miles. If a vehicle is operated in dusty
territory, check condition of air cleaner element
more frequently and replace if necessary.
Fan Belt1. Inspect belt for wear, cracks or frayed points.
Replace and/or adjust as necessary. Specified ten-
sion for belt using Gauge J-23600 is 45 lbs.
Cooling System1. Inspect the radiator, water pump, cylinder head
areas and all radiator and heater hose connections
for evidence of engine coolant leaks.
2. Inspect all hoses for deterioration from gas and oil
contact. Correct as required.
Inspection should be made with engine operating at
normal temperature, cooling system completely
filled, temperature control lever fully open and nor-
mal pressure in the system. Normal pressure should
be 13.2 to 15.2 psi.
Engine Lubrication SystemInspect engine for evidence of oil leakage. Correctany abnormal condition with sealastic or new seals
and gaskets.
Battery
1. Inspect battery, battery mount and cables and
check electrolyte level. Proper level should be just
above the cell plates.
CAUTION:Do not over fill.
2. Determine the serviceability of the battery by ap-
plying the 421 Battery Test.
Positive Crankcase VentilationClean crankcase ventilator metered orifice in the in-
take manifold fitting every 6,000 miles. Also all hoses
and fittings should be inspected, cleaned and re-
placed, if necessary.
To clean, remove rubber hose from metered orifice
and apply air pressure to orifice to remove any for-
eign particles that may be trapped.
Valve Lifter AdjustmentRefer to Engine Mechanical and Mounts section for
valve lifter adjustment procedure.
Engine Tune-Up Instrument ChecksThe following instrument checks and adjustments
serve as a final check on engine condition. These
checks may discover some new problems that may
not have been obvious before. The engine is also
given its final adjustments that will assure maximum
performance, reliability, and proper emission con-
trol.
Refer to Electrical Group for checking procedures of
the following:
Cranking Voltage Check
Ignition Timing
Distributor Advance
Ignition Output
Secondary Resistance
Current Output and Voltage Setting
Idle Speed and Mixture AdjustmentsRefer to carburetor section.

REFRIGERANT COMPONENTS ALL MODELS96.23Figure 96-l 3 Basic Refrigerant Circuit
we get the heat-laden vapor outside, we can com-
press it with a pump. With enough pressure, we can
squeeze the heat out of “cold” vapor even in a warm
room. An ordinary.radiator will help us get rid of
heat.
By removing the heat, and making the refrigerant
into a liquid, it becomes the same as it was before, So,
we can run another pipe back into the cabinet and
return the refrigerant to the flask to be used over
again.
That is the way most mechanical refrigerators work
today. Now, let’s look at an air conditioning unit to
see how closely it resembles the refrigerator we have
just described.
Basic Air ConditionerWhen we look at an air conditioning unit, we will
always find a set of coils or a tinned radiator core
through which the air to be cooled passes. This is
known as the “evaporator” (Fig.
9B-14). It does the
same job as the flask of refrigerant we
spok.e about
earlier. The refrigerant boils in the evaporator. In
boiling, of course, the refrigerant absorbs heat and
changes into a vapor. By piping this vapor outside
the car we can bodily carry out the heat that caused
its creation.
Once we get vapor out of the evaporator, all we haveFigure 98.14 Evaporator Assembly
to do is remove the heat it contains. Since heat is the
only thing that expanded the refrigerant from a liq-
uid to a vapor in the first place, removal of that same
heat will let the vapor condense into a liquid again.
Then we can return the liquid refrigerant to the
evaporator to be used over again.
Actually, the vapor coming out of the evaporator is
very cold. We know the liquid refrigerant boils at
temperatures considerably below freezing and that
the vapors arising from it are only a shade warmer
even though they do contain quantities of heat.
Consequently, we can’t expect to remove heat from
sub- freezing vapors by “cooling” them in air tem-
peratures that usually range between 60 and 100
degrees heat refuses to
flow from a cold object
toward a warmer object.
But with a pump, we can squeeze the heat-laden
vapor into a smaller space. And, when we compress
the vapor, we also concentrate the heat it contains.
In this way, we can make the vapor hotter without
adding any heat. Then we can cool it in compara-
tively warm air.
That is the only responsibility of a compressor in an
air conditioning system (Fig.
9B-15). It is not in-
tended to be a pump just for circulating the refriger-
ant. Rather, its job is to exert pressure for two
reasons. Pressure makes the vapor hot enough to
cool off in warm air. At the same time, the compres-
sor raises the refrigerant’s pressure above the con-
densing point at the temperature of the surrounding
air so it will condense.
As the refrigerant leaves the compressor, it is still a
vapor although it is now quite hot and ready to give
up the heat that is absorbed in the evaporator. One
of the easiest ways to help refrigerant vapor dis-
charge its heat is to send it through a radiator- like
contrivance known as a condenser (Fig. 9B-16).
The condenser really is a very simple device having
no moving parts. It does exactly the same job as the
radiator in a typical steam-heating system. There,
the steam is nothing more than water vapor. In pass-
ing through the radiator, the steam gives up its heat
and condenses back into water.
The same action takes place in an air conditioning

98-26 1973 OPEL SERVICE MANUAL
greater than the opposing pressure in the power ele-
ment. Therefore, the valve remains closed. When the
compressor is started, it will reduce the pressure and
temperature of the refrigerant in the cooling coil to
a point where the vapor pressure in the power ele-
ment becomes the stronger. The seat then moves off
the orifice and liquid starts to flow through the valve
orifice into the cooling coil.
The purpose of the power element is to help deter-
mine the quantity of liquid that is being metered into
the cooling coil. As the temperature of the low pres-
sure line changes at the bulb, the pressure of
the
vapor in the power element changes, resulting in a
change of the position of the seat. For example, if the
cooling coil gets more liquid than is required, the
temperature of the low pressure line is reduced and
the resultant lowering of the bulb temperature
reduces the pressure of the vapor in the power ele-
ment, allowing the seat to move closer to the orifice.
This immediately reduces the amount of liquid leav-
ing the valve. Under normal operation, the power
element provides accurate control of the quantity of
refrigerant to the cooling coil.
To employ our tire pump analogy once more for
clarity, it is the same situation that would exist if you were inflating a tire with a very slow leak. Providing
you pumped the air into the tire as fast as it leaked
out, you would be able to maintain pressure even
though the air would merely be circulating through the tire and leaking out through the puncture.
To Sum Up
So far, we’ve discussed only what each unit in an air
conditioning system does. We’ve learned that the
evaporator is the unit in which liquid refrigerant
soaks up heat from the air, the compressor is a pump
for squeezing this heat out of the vapor, the con-
denser is a radiator for getting rid of the heat, and the
thermostatic expansion valve is a device for regulat-
ing the pressure on the refrigerant. Now, let’s
find
out how the temperature of the cooled air is con-
trolled.
METHOD OF TEMPERATURE CONTROL
To achieve temperature control, the compressor is
run intermittently, automatically turning on and off
as necessary to maintain proper temperature.
Thermostatic Switch
The compressor can be started and stopped au-
tomatically through the use of an electro-magnetic
clutch and a thermostat affected by variations of temperature.
The job is usually done by a gas bulb thermostat (Fig.
9B-21).
Figure 9B-21 Thermostatic Switch Schematic
With the gas bulb type of thermostat, a highly expan-
sive gas is sealed into a metallic bulb which is located
in the air stream as it leaves the evaporator. A small
tube leads from the bulb to a bellows operated switch. As air temperature rises, the gas inside the
bulb expands, travels through the tube to the bellows
and closes the electrical switch that engages the com-
pressor clutch.
Of course, as soon as the compressor starts running,
the temperature begins to go down. As the air being
cooled gets colder, the gas in the thermostat bulb
begins to reduce the pressure on the switch bellows.
This
Ilips “off’ the switch and disengages the com-
pressor clutch.
REFRIGERANTS
No matter how scientifically refrigerating machinery
is built or how
efftciently it runs, it alone cannot
remove heat. The only thing that carries heat out of
a refrigerator cabinet or an automobile is the sub-
stance we call the refrigerant.
There are many refrigerants known to man. In fact,
any liquid that can boil at temperatures somewhere
near the freezing point of water can be used.
But a boiling point below the temperature at which
ice forms is not the only thing that makes a good
refrigerant. A refrigerant should also be non-
poiso-
nowand non-explosive to be safe. Besides that, we
want a refrigerant that is non-corrosive and one that
will mix with oil.
Since Nature did not provide an ideal refrigerant,
chemists went to work to see if they could do any
better. They did! But it wasn’t as simple as that.
At first, they tried to improve existing natural refrig-
erants. But after exploring innumerable trails along

REFRIGERANT COMPONENTS ALL MODELS99- 33
That the attraction of the drying material for mois-
ture is so powerful that if the receiver is left open,
moisture will be drawn in from the outside air.
That just one drop of water added to the refrigerantwill start chemical changes that can result in corro-
sion and eventual breakdown of the chemicals in the
system. Hydrochloric acid is the result of an R-12
mixture with water.
That the smallest amount of air in the refrigeration
system may start reactions that can cause malfunc-
tions.
That the drying agent in the receiver-dehydrator is
Activated Silica Alumina (silica-gel).
That
the inert gas in the expansion valve capillary
line is carbon dioxide.
DESCRIPTION OF AIR CONDITIONING
COMPONENTS
Compressor
The compressor is located in the engine compart-
ment. The purpose of the unit is to draw the low
pressure,gas from the evaporator and compress this
gas into a high temperature, high pressure gas. This
action will result in the refrigerant having a higher
temperature than the surrounding air.
The
cortipressor is of basic double action piston de-
sign. Three horizontal double acting pistons make up
a six cylinder compressor (See Figure
9B-162). The
pistons operate in
l-1/2 inch bore and have a l-1/8
inch stroke. A
wash plate keyed to the shaft drives
the pistons. The shaft is belt driven through a mag-
netic clutch and pulley arrangement. An oil pump
mounted at the rear of the compressor picks up oil
from the
botto’m of the compressor and lubricates the
bearings’and other internal parts of the compressor.
Reed type valves at each end of the compressor open
or close to control the flow of incoming and outgoing refrigerant. Two gas tight passages interconnect
chambers of the front and rear heads so that there is
one common suction port, and one common dis-
charge port. The internal parts of the compressor
function, as follows:
1. Suction Valve Reed Discs and Discharge Valve
Plates
_ The two suction valve reed discs and two
discharge valve plates (see Figure
9B-25) operate in
a similar but opposite manner. The discs are com-
posed of three reeds and function to open when the
pistons are on the intake portion of their stroke
(downstroke), and close on the compression stroke.
The reeds allow low pressure gas to enter the cylin- ders. The discharge valve plates also have three
reeds, however, they function to open when the pis- tons are on the compression portion of their stroke
(upstroke), and close on the intake stroke. High pres-
sure gas exits from discharge ports in the discharge
valve plate. Three retainers riveted directly above the
reeds on the valve plate serve to limit the opening of
the reeds on the compression stroke.
SUCTION VALVE
DISCHARGE-VALVE PLATES
Figure
98-25 - Compressor Suction Valve Reed Discs
and Discharge Valve Plates
2. Front and Rear Heads - The front and rear heads
(Figure
9B-26) serve to channel the refrigerant into
and out of the cylinders. The front head is divided
into two separate passages and the rear head is di-
vided into three separate passages. The outer passage
on both the front and rear heads channels high pres-
sure gas from the discharge valve reeds. The middle
passage of the rear head also contains the port open-
ing to the superheat switch cavity. This opening in
the rear head permits the superheat switch to be
affected by suction gas pressure and suction gas tem-
perature for the operating protection of the compres-
sor. The inner passage on the rear head houses the
oil pump inner and outer rotors. A Teflon sealing
material is bonded to the sealing surfaces separating
the passages in the rear head.
“0” rings are used to
affect a seal between the mating surfaces of the heads
and the shell. The front head suction and discharge
passages are connected to the suction and discharge
passages of the rear head by a discharge tube and
suction passage in the
body of the cylinder assembly.
A screen located in the suction port of the rear head
prevents foreign material from entering the circuit.
3. Oil Pump
- An internal tooth outer rotor and
external tooth inner rotor comprise the oil pump.
The pump works on the principle of a rotary type pump. Oil is drawn up from oil reservoir in underside
of shell through the oil inlet tube (see Figure
9B-27)

REFRIGERANT COMPONENTS ALL MODELS9B- 43
4. Start the vacuum pump and slowly open low and
high pressure sides of manifold gauge set to avoid
forcing oil out of refrigeration system and pump,
Pressure is now being reduced on both sides of the
refrigeration system. If oil is blown from the vacuum
pump, it should be refilled to the proper level.
5. Observe low pressure gauge and operate vacuum
pump until gauge shows 28-29 inches vacuum. In all
evacuating procedures, specifications of 28-29 inchesof vacuum is used. This evacuation can only be at-
tained at or near sea level.
For each 1000 feet above sea level where this operat-ion is being-performed, the specification should be
lowered by one inch of mercury vacuum. At 5000
feet elevation, only 23 inches to 24 inches of vacuum
can normally be obtained.
If vacuum cannot be pulled to the minimum specifi-
cation for the respective altitude, it indicates a leak
in the system or gauge connections or a defective
vacuum pump. In this case, it will be necessary to
check for leaks as described under “Leak Testing
Refrigerant System”.
When specified vacuum level (28-29 inches at sea
level) is obtained, continue to run vacuum pump for
ten (10) ‘additional minutes. During these ten (10)
minutes:
A. Prepare for charging the system. If using a charg-
ing station, till charging cylinder. If using manifold
gauge set, make all preparations for charging system
as described under “Disposable Can Method” or
“Refrigerant Drum Method”.
B. Measure oil loss collected as a result of rapid
discharge.
C. Uncap compressor oil injector (J-24095) and open
valve. Flush J-24095 with refrigerant, close valve and
insert pick-up tube into graduated container of clean
refrigerant oil.
D. Con&ct J-24095 to suction fitting at the compres-
sor adapter fitting. When valve on J-24095 is opened,
the vacuum applied to the discharge side of the sys-
tem will suck oil into system from container. There-
fore,
close observation of oil level in the container is
necessary.E. Note level of oil in container. Open valve on
J-24095
u+il oil level in container is reduced by an
amount equal to that lost during discharge of system,
then shut valve. Take care not to add more oil than
was lost. ,,
F. Disconnect J-24095 and attach pick-up tube fit-
ting to schraeder fitting to cap tool. See Figure 9B-
42.J-24095
-98.32
Figure 98.42 Oil Injector J-24095
6. Turn hand shut-off valves at low and high pressure
gauges of gauge set to full clockwise position with
vacuum pump operating, then stop pump. Carefully
check low pressure gauge approximately for two (2)
minutes to see that vacuum remains constant. If
vacuum reduces, it indicates a leak in the system or
gauge connections.
Charging the SystemThe system should be charged only after being eva-cuated as outlined in “Evacuating the System”.
Refrigerant orurn Method
1. Connect center flexible line of gauge set to refriger-ant drum.
2. Place refrigerant drum in a pail of water which has
been heated to a maximum of 125 degrees F.
WARNING: Do not allow temperature of water to ex-
ceed I25
degrees E High temperature will cause
safety plugs in the refrigerant drum. It may not be
necessarv to use hot water if a /arae drum is used(over
ap)roximateIy 100 lbs.).-I3. Place refrigerant drum (in pail of water) on scales
(bathroom or commercial, perferably commercial).

98-46 1973 OPEL SERVICE MANUAL
shut off vacuum pump. Open refrigerant control
valve and allow some refrigerant to enter system.
Locate and repair all leaks.
7. After evacuating for 15 minutes, add l/2 lb. of
refrigerant to system. Purge this
l/2 lb. and reevacu-
ate for 15 minutes. This second evacuation is to be
certain that as much contamination is removed from
the system as possible.
8. Only after evacuating as above, system is ready
for charging. Note reading on sight glass of charging
cylinder. If it does not contain a sufficient amount
for a full charge, till to proper level.
9. Close low pressure valve on charging station.
Fully open station refrigerant control valve and al-
low all liquid refrigerant to enter system. When full
charge of refrigerant has entered system, turn off
refrigerant control valve and close both hand shut-
off valves.
10. If full charge of refrigerant will not enter system,
close high pressure control and refrigerant control
valves. Start engine and run at low idle with com-
pressor operating. Crack refrigerant control valve
and low pressure control on station. Watch low side
gauge and keep gauge below 50 psi by regulating
refrigerant control valve. Closing valve will lower
pressure. This is to prevent liquid refrigerant from
reaching the compressor while the compressor is op-
erating. When required charge has entered system,
close refrigerant control valve and close low pressure
control.
11. System is now charged and should be perform-
ance- tested before removing gauges.
Adding Refrigerant
The following procedure should be used in adding
small amounts of refrigerant that may have been lost
by leaks or while opening system for servicing the
compressor. Before adding refrigerent to replace that
lost by leaks, check for evidence of oil loss and add
oil if necessary.
This procedure will only apply if the air inlet temper-
ature is above 70 degrees F. at the condenser.
1. Remove caps from compressor gauge fittings.
Attach gauge set to gauge fittings, making sure
adapter (J- 5420) is between low pressure gauge hose
and suction gauge fitting, and J-9459 is between high
pressure gauge hose and discharge gauge fitting.
2. Start engine, turn air conditioning temperature
control knob to full cold position, blower switch to
Max Hi. Operate for ten
(IO) minutes at 2000 RPM
to stabilize system.
3. Observe the refrigerant through the sight glasscover of receiver-dehydrator with the system operat-
ing,
IO see if there are any bubbles evident.
a. If no bubbles are evident, then bleed system slowly
through the discharge valve until bubbles appear in
the receiver-dehydrator. Add 1 lb. of refrigerant as
explained under “Charging the
ISystem”.b. If bubbles are visible in the receiver-dehydrator
with the temperature control krlob in the full cold
position and the blower at MAX speed, it indicates
a partial or complete plug in a line, a shortage of
refrigerant, or both. Correct condition. Add refriger-
ant
u~ntil the sight glass clears, then add another 1 lb.
of refrigerant.
4. Attach flexible hose from center fitting of gauge
set loosely to refrigerant drum or on disposable can
valvxs. Open high and low pressure valves on the
gauge set slightly to purge pressure gauge lines of air.
Tighten fitting of refrigerant drum or can when satis-
fied ihat all air has been removed from gauge lines.
Close (clockwise) both hand shut-off valves or gauge
set.5. Partially charge system.
REFRIGERANT DRUM METHOD:
A. Place pail containing hot water that does not have
a temperature exceeding 125 degrees F. on scales,
place refrigerant drum in pa” containing water, note
weig,ht and only open low pressure valve on gauge
set.B. Start engine, turn temperature control knob to full
cold position and place blower switch in Max Hi.
Operate engine for 10 minutes at 2000 RPM to sta-
bilize system.
C. With compressor operating, slowly open valve on
refrigerant drum and allow refrigerant to flow into
system (through manifold gauge set) until liquid in-
dicator clears up and immediately shut off valve ai
gauge set or on refrigerant drum. Check weight of
refrigerant drum and pail of water. Then slowly open
valve on gauge set (or refrigerant drum) and add one
more lb. of refrigerant. Note total amount of refriger-
ant added.
DISPOSABLE CAN METHOD:
A. Make sure the outlet valve on the J-6271 valve is
fully clockwise and attach the J-6271 to a 1 lb. can
of refrigerant by backing off the valve from the top
of the retainer, slipping the valve onto the can and
turning the valve into the retainer until tight. DO
NOT accidentally open outlet valve during this oper-
ation, as turning the valve into the retainer punctures
the top of the can to make it ready for charging.
.

SubjectPage Number1
Throttle Linkage Adjustment........,:.......6E-51
Timing Chain Cover.......................6A-23
Timing Chain and Sprocket.........
':.......6A-23
Tires...................................36-55
Inflation.....................
.;.......3G-62
Rotation.............................36-57
Sizes.........................
........3G-62
Track Rod..............................3F-53
Transmission Oil Pan
Automatic Transmission.................7C-99
Transmission Reassembly
4 Speed Manual. 1.9.....................76-28Tranmission Removal and Installation
4 Speed Manual
Removal...........................7B-22
Installation.........................76-22
Auto&tic............................7c-94Tune’Up Procedure........................66-65
Torque Specifications. Engine...............6A-27
Turn Signal See Directional Signal
Universal Joints..........................4A-3Subject
VPage Number
Vacuum Modulator..7C-101
Valve Body Transmlssmn7C.99
Valve and Seat Reconditioning Engine6A-12
WWater Pump Engine1.9L Engine
Wheels
Wheel Alignment
Whee! Bearing, Adjustment,
Windshield Wiper and Washer:
Trouble Diagnosis:Description and Operation
Removal and Installation
Specifications
Wiring Diagrams Complete
Opel 1900 ._.
Manta
GT
1 E-37
1 E-37
1 E-38
1 E-43
1 J-l 03
1 J-l 05lJ-10768-3436-553C-223A-4