engine TOYOTA DYNA 100/150 2012 (in English) Repair Manual

STARTING AND DRIVING135
Instruments and controls.Especially
make sure the service reminder indicators,
instrument lights, and defroster are work-
ing.
Brakes.Make sure the pedal has enough
clearance.
Spare fuses.Make sure you have spare
fuses. They should cover all the amperage
ratings designated on the fuse box lid.
In the engine compartment
Coolant level.Make sure the coolant lev-
el is correct. (See page 198 in Section
7−2 for instructions.)
Wiring.Look for damaged, loose, or dis-
connected wires.
Fuel lines.Check the lines for leaks or
loose connections.
AFTER STARTING THE ENGINE
Exhaust system.If you notice any
change in the sound of the exhaust or
smell exhaust fumes, have the cause lo-
cated and corrected immediately. (See
“Engine exhaust cautions” on page 122 in
Section 2.)
Engine oil level.Stop the engine and
check the dipstick with the vehicle parked
on a level spot. (See page 196 in Section
7−2 for instructions.)
WHILE DRIVING
Instruments.Make sure the speedometer
and gauges are working.
Brakes.In a safe place, check that the
brakes do not pull to one side when ap-
plied.
Anything unusual?Look for loose parts
and leaks. Listen for abnormal noises.
If everything looks O.K., set your mind at
ease and enjoy your trip!DAlways slow down in gusty crosswinds.
This will allow you much better control.
DDrive slowly onto curbs and, if pos-
sible, at a right angle. Avoid driving
onto high, sharp−edged objects and
other road hazards. Failure to do so
can lead to severe tire damage such
as a tire burst.
Drive slowly when passing over bumps
or travelling on abumpy road. Other-
wise, the impact could cause severe
damage to the tires and/or wheels.
DWhen parking on a hill, turn the front
wheels until they touch the curb so
that the vehicle will not roll. Apply the
parking brake, and place the transmis-
sion in first or reverse. If necessary,
block the wheels.
DWashing your vehicle or driving through
deep water may get the brakes wet. To
see whether they are wet, check that
there is no traffic near you, and then
press the pedal lightly. If you do not
feel a normal braking force, the brakes
are probably wet. To dry them, drive
the vehicle cautiously while lightly
pressing the brake pedal with the park-
ing brake applied. If they still do not
work safely, pull to the side of the road
and call any authorized Toyota dealer
or repairer, or another duly qualified
and equipped professional, for assis-
tance.
CAUTION
DBefore driving off, make sure the
parking brake is fully released and
the parking brake reminder light is
off.
DDo not leave your vehicle unat-
tended while the engine is running.
DDo not rest your foot on the brake
pedal while driving. It can cause
dangerous overheating, needless
wear, and poor fuel economy.
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Tips for driving in various
conditions

136STARTING AND DRIVING
DTo drive down a long or steep hill,
reduce your speed and downshift.
Remember, if you ride the brakes
excessively, they may overheat and
not work properly.
DBe careful when accelerating, up-
shifting, downshifting or braking on
a slippery surface. Sudden accelera-
tion or engine braking could cause
the vehicle to skid or spin.
DDo not continue normal driving
when the brakes are wet. If they are
wet, your vehicle will require a
longer stopping distance, and it
may pull to one side when the
brakes are applied. Also, the park-
ing brake will not hold the vehicle
securely.
NOTICE
zDo not depress the accelerator and
brake pedals at the same time dur-
ing driving. If the brake pedal is
depressed while driving with the ac-
celerator pedal depressed, driving
torque may be restrained.
zDo not use the accelerator pedal or
depress the accelerator and brake
pedals at the same time to hold the
vehicle on a hill.
Driving on a slippery road surface
Drive carefully when it is raining, because
visibility will be reduced, the windows may
become fogged−up, and the road will be
slippery.
DDrive carefully when it starts to rain,
because the road surface will be espe-
cially slippery.
DRefrain from high speeds when driving
on an expressway in the rain, because
there may be a layer of water between
the tires and the road surface,
preventing the steering and brakes
from operating properly.
CAUTION
DSudden braking, acceleration and
steering when driving on a slippery
road surface may cause tire slip-
page and reduce your ability to
control the vehicle, resulting in an
accident.
DSudden changes in engine speed,
such as sudden engine braking,
may cause the vehicle to skid, re-
sulting in an accident.
DAfter driving through a puddle,
lightly depress the brake pedal to
make sure that the brakes are func-
tioning properly. Wet brake pads
may prevent the brakes from func-
tioning properly. If the brakes on
only one side are wet and not func-
tioning properly, steering control
may be affected, resulting in an ac-
cident.
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Driving in the rain

STARTING AND DRIVING137
When encountering flooded roads
Do not drive on a road that has flooded
after heavy rain etc. Doing so may cause
serious damage to the vehicle.
NOTICE
Driving on a flooded road may cause
the engine to stall as well as cause
serious vehicle malfunctions such as
shorts in electrical components and
engine damage from water immersion.
In the event that you drive on a
flooded road and the vehicle is
flooded, be sure to have any autho-
rized Toyota dealer or repairer, or
another duly qualified and equipped
professional check brake function,
changes in quantity and quality of oil
and fluid used for the engine, trans-
mission, differential, etc. and lubricant
condition for the propeller shaft, bear-
ings and suspension joints (where
possible) and the function of all joints
and bearings.
Make sure your coolant is properly pro-
tected against freezing.
Only use “Toyota Super Long Life Coolant”
or similar high quality ethylene glycol
based non−silicate, non−amine, non−nitrite,
and non−borate coolant with long−life
hybrid organic acid technology. (Coolant
with long−life hybrid organic acid
technology is a combination of low
phosphates and organic acids.)
See “Checking the engine coolant level”
on page 198 in Section 7−2 for details of
coolant type selection.
“Toyota Super Long Life Coolant” is a mix-
ture of 50% coolant and 50% deionized
water. This coolant provides protection
down to about−35_C(−31_F).
NOTICE
Do not use plain water alone.
Check the condition of the battery and
cables.
Cold temperatures reduce the capacity of
any battery, so it must be in top shape
to provide enough power for winter start-
ing. Section 7−3 tells you how to visually
inspect the battery. Any authorized Toyota
dealer or repairer, or another duly quali-
fied and equipped professional, will be
pleased to check the level of charge.
Make sure the engine oil viscosity is
suitable for the cold weather.
See page 196 in Section 7−2forrecom-
mended viscosity. Leaving a heavy sum-
mer oil in your vehicle during winter
months may cause harder starting. If you
are not sure about which oil to use, call
any authorized Toyota dealer or repairer,
or another duly qualified and equipped
professional—who will be pleased to help.
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Winter driving tips

138STARTING AND DRIVING
Keep the door locks from freezing.
Squirt lock de−icer or glycerine into the
locks to keep them from freezing. To open
a frozen lock, try heating the key before
inserting it.
Use a washer fluid containing an anti-
freeze solution.
This product is available at any authorized
Toyota dealer or repairer and most auto
parts stores or another qualified professio-
nal. Follow the manufacturer ’s directions
for how much to mix with water.
NOTICE
Do not use engine antifreeze or any
other substitute because it may dam-
age your vehicle’s paint.
Do not use your parking brake when
there is a possibility it could freeze.
When parking, put the transmission into
first or reverse and block the front
wheels. Do not use the parking brake, or
snow or water accumulated in and around
the parking brake mechanism may freeze,
making it hard to release.
Keep ice and snow from accumulating
under the fenders.
Ice and snow built up under your fenders
can make steering difficult. During bad
winter driving, stop and check under the
fenders occasionally.
Depending on where you are driving,
we recommend you carry some emer-
gency equipment.
Some of the things you might put in the
vehicle are tire chains, window scraper,
bag of sand or salt, flares, small shovel,
jumper cables, etc.Your vehicle is designed primarily as a
passenger−and−load−carrying vehicle. Tow-
ing a trailer will have an adverse effect on
handling, performance,braking,durability
and driving economy (fuel consumption,
etc.). Your safety and satisfaction depend
on the proper use of correct equipment
and cautious driving habits. For your safe-
ty and the safety of others, you must not
overload your vehicle or trailer. Ask your
local authorized Toyota dealer or repairer,
or another duly qualified and equipped
professional, for further details before tow-
ing, as there are additional legal require-
ments in some countries.
WEIGHT LIMITS
Before towing, confirm the towing capacity,
gross vehicle mass (GVM), maximum per-
missible axle capacity (MPAC) and draw-
bar load. They are listed on page 222 in
Section 8.
When towing a trailer, observe the follow-
ing:
DThe total trailer weight (trailer weight
plus its cargo load) is within the towing
capacity.
DWhen the total trailer weight is greater
than the vehicle weight, we recommend
the use of a friction stabilizer (sway
control device).
DWhen the total trailer weight is over
2000 kg (4409 lb.), a friction stabilizer
(sway control device) is required.
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Trailer towing

STARTING AND DRIVING139
Total trailer weight Drawbar load
DThe trailer cargo load should be distrib-
uted so that the drawbar load is more
than 25 kg (55.1 lb.) and more than
4% of the towing capacity. However,
the drawbar load must not exceed the
weight specified on page 222 in Sec-
tion 8.
DThe sum weight of the total curb mass,
driver, passengers, cargo, towing hitch
and drawbar load must not exceed
gross vehicle mass.
DThe load on the rear axle must not
exceed the maximum permissible rear
axle capacity.
Towing capacity has been tested at sea−
level. If you have to go to a high moun-
tain area, keep in mind that the engine
power and towing capacity will decrease.
Manufacturer’s label or plate
Gross vehicle mass
Maximum permissible rear
axle capacity
CAUTION
DThe total trailer weight must not
exceed the towing capacity speci-
fied on page 222 in Section 8. Ex-
ceeding this weight is dangerous.
DTrailer hitch assemblies have differ-
ent weight capacities established by
the hitch manufacturer. Even though
the vehicle may be physically capa-
ble of towing a higher weight, the
operator must determine the maxi-
mum weight rating of the particular
hitch assembly and never exceed
the maximum weight rating speci-
fied for the trailer−hitch. Exceeding
the maximum weight rating set by
the trailer hitch manufacturer can
cause an accident resulting in seri-
ous injuries.
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144STARTING AND DRIVING
TIRES
DEnsure that your vehicle’s tires are
properly inflated. See page 201 in Sec-
tion 7−2 and page 226 in Section 8 for
instructions.
DThe trailer tires should be inflated to
the pressure recommended by the trail-
er manufacturer in respect to the total
trailer weight.
TRAILER LIGHTS
DCheck for correct operation of the turn
signals and stop lights each time you
hitch up. Direct splicing may damage
your vehicle’s electrical system and
cause a malfunction of your lights.
BREAK−IN SCHEDULE
DToyota recommends that you do not
tow a trailer with a new vehicle or a
vehicle with any new power train com-
ponent (engine, transmission, differen-
tial, wheel bearing, etc.) for the first
800 km (500 miles) of driving.
MAINTENANCE
DIf you tow a trailer, your vehicle will
require more frequent maintenance due
to the additional load.
DRetighten all fixing bolts of the towing
ball and bracket after approximately
1000 km (600 miles) of trailer driving.
PRE−TOWING SAFETY CHECK
DBe sure not to exceed designated max-
imum load for the ball coupling of the
towing bracket. Please remember that
the ball coupling load will increase the
load on the vehicle. Maximum permissi-
ble rear axle capacity must not be ex-
ceeded.
DMake sure the trailer cargo is securely
loaded so that it cannot shift.
DIf the traffic behind the trailer cannot
be seen properly with the standard rear
view mirrors, additional outside mirrors
will be necessary. Both outside mirrors
must be fitted on folding arms and ad-
justed to give a good rear view at all
times.
TRAILER TOWING TIPS
Your vehicle will handle differently
when towing a trailer. In order to avoid
accident, death or serious injury, keep
the following in mind when towing:
DBefore starting out, check operation of
the lights and all vehicle−trailer connec-
tions. After driving a short distance,
stop and recheck the lights and con-
nections. Before actually towing a trail-
er, practice turning, stopping and back-
ing with a trailer in an area away from
traffic until you learn the feel.
DBecause stopping distance may be in-
creased, vehicle−to−vehicle distance
should be increased when towing a
trailer. For each 10 km/h (6 mph) of
speed, allow at least one vehicle and
trailer length between you and the ve-
hicle ahead. Avoid sudden braking as
you may skid, resulting in jackknifing
and loss of control. This is especially
true on wet or slippery surfaces.
DAvoid jerky starts or sudden accelera-
tion. Prevent excessive clutch slippage
by keeping engine rpm low and not
racing the engine. Always start out in
first gear.
DAvoid jerky steering and sharp turns.
The trailer could hit your vehicle in a
tight turn. Slow down before making a
turn to avoid the necessity of sudden
braking.
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STARTING AND DRIVING145
DBacking with a trailer is difficult and
requires practice. Grip the bottom of
the steering wheel and move your hand
to the left to move the trailer to the
left. Move your hand to the right to
move the trailer to the right. (This pro-
cedure is generally opposite to that
when backing without a trailer.) Also,
just turn the steering wheel a little at
a time, avoiding sharp or prolonged
turning. Have someone guide you when
backing to reduce the risk of an acci-
dent.
DRemember that when making a turn,
the trailer wheels will be closer than
the vehicle wheels to the inside of the
turn. Therefore, compensate for this by
making a larger than normal turning
radius with your vehicle.
DCrosswinds and rough roads will ad-
versely affect handling of your vehicle
and trailer, causing sway. Pay attention
to the rear from time to time to pre-
pare yourself for being passed by large
trucks or buses, which may cause your
vehicle and trailer to sway. If swaying
happens, firmly grip the steering wheel
and reduce speed immediately but
gradually. Never increase speed. If it is
necessary to reduce speed, brake
slowly. Steer straight ahead. If you
make no extreme correction with the
steering or brakes, the vehicle and
trailer will stabilize.
DBe careful when passing other ve-
hicles. Passing requires considerable
distance. After passing a vehicle, do
not forget the length of your trailer and
be sure you have plenty of room be-
fore changing lanes.
DTo maintain engine braking efficiency,
when using engine braking, do not use
fifth gear.
DBecause of the added load of the trail-
er, your vehicle’s engine may overheat
on hot days (at temperatures over
30_C[85_F]) when going up a long or
steep grade with a trailer. If the engine
coolant temperature gauge indicates
overheating, pull off the road and stop
in a safe spot. Refer to “If your vehicle
overheats” on page 156 in Section 4.
DAlways place wheel blocks under both
the vehicle and trailer wheels when
parking. Apply the parking brake firmly.
Put the transmission in first or reverse.
Avoid parking on a slope with a trailer,
but if it cannot be avoided, do so only
after performing the following:
1. Apply the brakes and hold.
2. Have someone place wheel blocks un-
der both the vehicle and trailer wheels.
3. When the wheel blocks are in place,
release your brakes slowly until the
blocks absorb the load.
4. Apply the parking brake firmly.
5. Shift into first or reverse and turn off
the engine.
When restarting out after parking on a
slope:
1. With the clutch pedal depressed, start
the engine.
2. Shift into gear.
3. Release the parking brake and slowly
pull or back away from the wheel
blocks. Stop andapply your brakes.
4. Have someone retrieve the blocks.
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146STARTING AND DRIVING
CAUTION
DObserve the legal maximum speeds
for trailer towing.
DSlow down and downshift before
descending steep or long downhill
grades. Do not make sudden down-
shifts while descending steep or
long downhill grades.
DAvoid holding the brake pedal down
too long or too frequently. This
could cause the brakes to overheat
and result in reduced braking effi-
ciency.
Improving fuel economy is easy—just take
it easy. It will help make your vehicle last
longer, too. Here are some specific tips
on how to save money on both fuel and
repairs:
DKeep your tires inflated at the cor-
rect pressure.Underinflation causes
tire wear and wastes fuel. See page
201 in Section 7−2 for instructions.
DDo not carry unneeded weight in
your vehicle.Excess weight puts a
heavier load on the engine, causing
greater fuel consumption.
DAvoid lengthy warm−up idling.Once
the engine is running smoothly, begin
driving—but gently. Remember, howev-
er, that on cold winter days this may
take a little longer.
DAccelerate slowly and smoothly.
Avoid jackrabbit starts. Get into high
gear as quickly as possible.
DAvoid long engine idling.If you have
a long wait and you are not in traffic,
it is better to turn off the engine and
start again later.
DAvoid engine lugging or over−rev-
ving.Use a gear position suitable for
the road on which you are travelling.
DAvoid continuous speeding up and
slowing down.Stop−and−go driving
wastes fuel.
DAvoid unnecessary stopping and
braking.Maintain a steady pace. Try
to time the traffic signals so you only
need to stop as little as possible or
take advantage of through streets to
avoid traffic lights. Keep a proper dis-
tance from other vehicles to avoid sud-
den braking. This will also reduce wear
on your brakes.
DAvoid heavy traffic or traffic jams
whenever possible.
DDo not rest your foot on the clutch
or brake pedal.This causes premature
wear, overheating and poor fuel econo-
my.
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How to save fuel and make
your vehicle last longer

STARTING AND DRIVING147
DMaintain a moderate speed on high-
ways.The faster you drive, the greater
the fuel consumption. By reducing your
speed, you will cut down on fuel con-
sumption.
DKeep the front wheels in proper
alignment.Avoid hitting the curb and
slow down on rough roads. Improper
alignment not only causes faster tire
wear but also puts an extra load on
the engine, which, in turn, wastes fuel.
DKeep the bottom of your vehicle free
from mud, etc.This not only lessens
weight but also helps prevent corro-
sion.
DKeep your vehicle tuned−up and in
top shape.A dirty air cleaner, carbure-
tor out of adjustment, improper valve
clearance, dirty plugs, dirty oil and
grease, brakes not adjusted, etc. all
lower engine performance and contrib-
ute to poor fuel economy. For longer
life of all parts and lower operating
costs, keep all maintenance work on
schedule, and if you often drive under
severe conditions, see that your vehicle
receives more frequent maintenance.
CAUTION
Never turn off the engine to coast
down hills. Your power steering and
brake booster will not function with-
out the engine running. Also, the
emission control system operates
properly only when the engine is run-
ning.
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IN CASE OF AN EMERGENCY149
Section 4
IN CASE OF AN EMERGENCY
DIf your vehicle will not start 150..........................
DIf your engine stalls while driving 155....................
DIf you cannot increase engine speed 155.................
DIf your vehicle overheats 156...........................
DIf you have a flat tire 157...............................
DIf your vehicle becomes stuck 170.......................
DIf your vehicle needs to be towed 171....................
DIf you lose your keys 174...............................
DIf your vehicle has to be stopped in an emergency 175....
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