wheel VOLVO 850 1996 Owner's Manual

1996 Volvo 850
mountainous areas.

NOTE: Refer to section "Automatic transmission" for additional trailer h\
auling tips.
WARNING!
l Bumper-attached trailer hitches must not be used on Volvos, nor should s\
afety chains be attached to
the bumper.
l Trailer hitches attaching to the vehicle rear axle must not be used.
l Never connect a trailer's hydraulic brake system directly to the vehicle\
brake system, nor a trailer's
lighting system directly to the vehicle lighting system. Consult your ne\
arest authorized Volvo retailer
for correct installation.
pg. 4:18 Winter driving
Cold weather precautions

l If you wish to check your car before the approach of cold weather, the f\
ollowing advice is worth
noting:
l Make sure that the engine coolant contains at least 50 percent antifreez\
e: that is, 3.7 qts. (3.5 liters)
Volvo Genuine Coolant/Antifreeze. This gives protection against freezing\
down to -31°F (-35°C). See
section "Coolant". The use of "recycled" antifreeze is not approved by V\
olvo. Different types of
antifreeze may not be mixed.
l Try to keep the fuel tank well filled - this prevents the formation of c\
ondensation in the tank. In
addition in extremely cold weather conditions it is worthwhile to add fu\
el line de-icer before refueling.
l The viscosity of the engine oil is important. Oil with low viscosity (t\
hinner oil) improves cold-
weather starting as well as decreasing fuel consumption while the engine\
is warming up. For winter use,
5W-30 oil, particularly the synthetic type, is recommended. Be sure to u\
se good quality oil but do not
use this cold-weather oil for hard driving or in warm weather. See secti\
on "Engine oil" for more
information.
l The load placed on the battery is greater during the winter since the he\
ater, windshield wipers,
lighting etc. are used more often. Moreover, the capacity of the battery\
decreases as the temperature
drops. In very cold weather, a poorly charged battery can freeze and be \
damaged. It is therefore
advisable to check the state of charge more frequently and spray an anti\
-rust oil on the battery posts.
l Volvo recommends the use of snow tires on all four wheels for winter dri\
ving - see section "Wheels
and tires".
l To prevent the washer reservoir from freezing, add washer solvents conta\
ining antifreeze (see page
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1996 Volvo 850
l Check condition of drive belts.
l Check state of charge of battery.
l Examine tires carefully (the spare tire as well), and replace those th\
at are worn. Check tire pressures.
l The brakes, front wheel alignment, and steering gear should be checked b\
y your Volvo retailer only.
l Check all lights, including high beams.
l Reflective warning triangles are legal requirement in some countries.
l Have a word with your Volvo retailer concerning engine adjustments if yo\
u intend to drive in
countries where it may be difficult to obtain correct fuel.
l Consider your destination. If you will be driving through an area where \
snow or ice are likely to
occur, consider snow tires.




Contents | Top of Page
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1996 Volvo 850
Wheels and tires
pg. 5:1 Wheels and tires
Wheels and tires

The handling and riding comfort of the vehicle is dependent on the infla\
tion pressure and the type of
tires fitted. Read the following pages carefully.

5:2 General information, Wear indicator, Tire economy, Flat spots
5:3Snow chains, Winter tires
5:4Inflation pressure
pg. 5:2 Wheels and tires
General information

Your vehicle is equipped with tires according to the tire information la\
bel located on the rear facing side
of the right front door.

The following is an example of a tire designation code:
195 = tire width in mm.
60 = tire profile. This is the relationship (in percent) between the s\
ection height and the width of the tire.
R = radial tires.
15 = diameter in inches on all four wheels.

The tires have good road holding characteristics and offer good handling\
on dry and wet surfaces. It
should be noted however that the tires have been developed to give these\
features on snow/ice-free
surfaces. Certain models are equipped with "all-season" tires, which pro\
vide a somewhat higher degree
of winter roadholding on slippery surfaces than tires without the "all-s\
eason" rating. However, for
optimum road holding on icy or snow covered roads - we recommend suitabl\
e winter tires on all four
wheels. When replacing tires, be sure that the new tires are the same si\
ze designation, type (radial) and
preferably from the same manufacturer, on all four wheels. Otherwise the\
re is a risk of altering the car's
road-holding and handling characteristics.
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1996 Volvo 850

NOTE: When storing wheel/tire assemblies (e.g. winter tires and wheels)\
, either stand the assemblies
upright or suspend them off the ground. Laying wheel/tire assemblies on \
their sides for prolonged
periods can cause wheel and/or tire damage.

Wear indicator

The tires have a so-called "wear indicator" in the form of a number of n\
arrow strips running across or
parallel to the tread. When approx. 1/16" (1.6 mm) is left on the trea\
d, these strips show up and indicate
that the tire should be replaced.
Tires with less than 1/16" (1.6 mm) tread have a very poor grip in rai\
n or snow.
When replacing worn tires, it is recommended that the tire be identical \
in type (radial) and size as the
one being replaced. Using a tire of the same make (manufacturer) will \
prevent alteration of the driving
characteristics of the vehicle.

To improve tire economy:

l Maintain correct tire pressure.
l Drive smoothly: avoid fast starts, hard braking and tire screeching.
l Tire wear increases with speed.
l Do not change wheel location unless necessary.
l Correct front wheel alignment is very important.
l Unbalanced wheels impair tire economy and driving comfort.
l If the wheels are rotated, they should be kept on the same side of the c\
ar so that they revolve in the
same direction as prior to rotation.
l Hitting curbs or potholes can damage the tires and/or wheels permanently\
.

Flat spots

All tires become warm during use. After cooling, when the vehicle is par\
ked, the tires have a tendency to
distort slightly, forming flat spots. These flat spots can cause vibrati\
ons similar to the vibrations caused
by imbalanced wheels. They do, however, disappear when the tire warms up\
. The degree to which the
flat spots form depends on the type of cord used in the tire. Remember t\
hat, in cold weather, it takes
longer for the tire to warm up and consequently longer for the flat spot\
to disappear.
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1996 Volvo 850
pg. 5:3 Wheels and tires
Snow chains

Snow tire chains can be used on your Volvo with the following restrictio\
ns:
l Snow chains should be installed on your front wheels only.
l Snow chains may be mounted on tire dimension 185/65R15 and 195/60R15. Ti\
re dimension
205/55R15 and 205/50R16 require a special type of snow chain. Consult yo\
ur Volvo retailer. Snow
chains may not be used on 205/55R16
If accessory, aftermarket or "custom" tires and wheels are installed and\
are of a size different than the
original tires and wheels, chains in some cases CANNOT be used. Snow cha\
ins cannot be used on those
turbo models fitted with all-season tires 205/55 R16 or 205/45 R17. Mode\
ls equipped with 205/55 R15
or 205/50 R16 need specially designed snow chains. Sufficient clearances\
between chains and brakes,
suspension and body components must be maintained.
l Some strap-on type chains will interfere with brake components and there\
fore CANNOT be used.
CAUTION:
l Check local regulations regarding the use of snow chains before installi\
ng.
l Always follow the chains manufacturer's installation instructions carefu\
lly. Install chains as tightly
as possible and re-tighten periodically.
l Never exceed the chain manufacture's specified maximum speed limit. (Un\
der no circumstances
should that limit be higher than 30 mph (45 km/h).
l Avoid bumps, holes or sharp turns when driving with snow chains.
l The handling of the vehicle can be adversely affected when driving with \
chains. Avoid fast or sharp
turns as well as locked wheel braking.

Snow tires, studded tires *

Tires for winter use:
Owners who live in or regularly commute through areas with sustained per\
iods of snow or icy driving
conditions are strongly advised to fit suitable winter tires to help ret\
ain the highest degree of traction.
It is important to install winter tires on all four wheels to help retai\
n traction during cornering, braking
and accelerating. Failure to do so could reduce traction to an unsafe le\
vel or adversely affect handling.
Do not mix tires of different design as this could also negatively affec\
t overall tire road grip. Volvo
recommends 185/65 R15 winter tires on 15" wheels on all 850 models inclu\
ding models equipped with
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1996 Volvo 850
16" or 17" wheels.

Winter tires wear more quickly on dry roads in warm weather. They should\
be removed when the winter
driving season has ended.

Studded tires should be run-in 300-600 miles (500-1000 km) during whic\
h the car should be driven as
smoothly as possible to give the studs the opportunity to seat properly \
in the tires. The car tires should
have the same rotational direction throughout their entire lifetime. In \
other words, if you wish to rotate
the wheels, make sure that the same wheels are always on the same side o\
f the car.

NOTE: Please consult state or local regulations restricting the use of s\
tudded winter tires before
installing such tires.

*Where permitted pg. 5:4 Wheels and tires
Checking and correcting tire pressure

l Check the tire pressure when refueling.
l The tire pressure should be corrected only when the tires are cold.
l With warm tires, correct only when the pressure is too low. The tire tem\
perature rises after driving
just a few miles.

Vehicle Loading

The tires on your Volvo will perform to specifications at all normal loa\
ds when inflated as
recommended on the tire information label* located on the inside of the \
fuel filler flap. This label lists
both the tire and vehicle design limits.
Do not load your car beyond the load limits indicated.

* Please note that the tire information label indicates pressures for bo\
th comfort and fuel economy.
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1996 Volvo 850
In case of emergency
pg. 6:1 In case of an emergency
In case of emergency

Even if you maintain your car in good running condition, there is always\
the possibility that something
might go wrong and prevent you from driving, such as a punctured tire, b\
lown fuse or bulb, etc. For
additional information, see section "ON CALL Road Assistance".

6:2 Wheel changing
6:4Spare tire
6:5Replacing bulbs
6:13Replacing fuses
6:15Installation of accessories
6:16Replacing wiper blades
6:18In case of emergency
pg. 6:2 Wheel changing

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1996 Volvo 850
Loosen wheel bolts Insert flat end of lug wrench and turn


Pull straight out

Changing a wheel

The spare wheel is located under the carpet on the trunk floor. The jack\
and crank are secured in the
wheel recess.
l Engage the parking brake.
l Put the gear selector in (P)ark (automatic) or in Reverse (manual)\
.
l Remove the wheel cap (where applicable) using the lug wrench in the to\
ol kit.
l With the car still on the ground, use the lug wrench to loosen the wheel\
bolts 1/2 - 1 turn. Turn the
bolts counterclockwise to loosen.
l Fold out the crank handle on the jack by pressing the nob on the handle \
downward. To attach the jack,
refer to the illustration on the following page.

NOTE:
To avoid excessive wear and the necessity of rebalancing, mark and reins\
tall wheels in same location
and position as before removal. To lessen the chance of imbalance, each \
wheel hub is equipped with a
guide stud to ensure that a removed wheel can be reinstalled in its orig\
inal position (as when changing
over to winter tires/wheels).

*The guide stud in not visible from the outside of the wheel on turbo mo\
dels.
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1996 Volvo 850
pg. 6:3 Wheel changing

There is a jack attachment located in the center on each side of the car\
. Position the jack on the bar in the
jack attachment as shown in illustration A above and crank while simulta\
neously guiding the base of the
jack to the ground. The base of the jack must be flat on a level, firm, \
non-slippery surface. Before raising
the car check that the jack is still correctly positioned in the attachm\
ent . Raise the vehicle until both
wheels on the side of the car where the jack is attached are lifted off \
the ground. Unscrew the wheel
bolts completely and carefully remove the wheel so as not to damage the \
tread of the studs.

Jack attachment
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1996 Volvo 850
WARNING!
l The jack attachment must engage the bar in the jack attachment (A). Th\
e car's weight must not rest
on the jack's attachment (B).
l Be sure the jack is on a firm, level, non-slippery surface.
l Never allow any part of your body to be extended under a car supported b\
y a jack.
l Use the jack intended for the car when replacing a wheel. For any other \
job, use stands to support
the end of the car being worked on.
l Apply the parking brake, select position P (automatic transmission) or\
Reverse gear (manual
transmission).
l Block the wheels standing on the ground. Use rigid wooden blocks or larg\
e stones.
l The jack should be kept well-greased.

Installing the wheel

Clean the contact surfaces on the wheel and hub. Lift the wheel and plac\
e it on the hub. Make sure that
you align the wheel with the guide stud on the wheel hub prior to instal\
lation. Install the wheel bolts
cross-wise (see illustration) and tighten by turning lightly clockwise\
. Lower the vehicle to the ground
and alternately tighten the bolts to 81 ft. lbs. (110 NM). Install the\
wheel cap (where applicable).
CAUTION: Correct tightening torque on wheel bolts must be observed. The \
wheel bolts should never
be greased or lubricated. The extended, chromed wheel bolts must not be \
used with steel rims, as they
make is impossible to fit the hub caps.


Correct tightening order for wheel bolts
pg. 6:4 Spare tire
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