check oil VOLVO S60 2002 Owners Manual

Keylock (automatic transmission)
When you switch off the ignition, the gear selector must be in the (P) ark position before the key can be removed from
the ignition switch.
Anti-lock Brake System (ABS)
The ABS system in your car performs a self - diagnostic test when the vehicle first reaches the speed of approximately
12 mph (20 km/h). The brake pedal will pulsate several times and a sound may be audible from the ABS control
module. This is normal.
Fuel filler door
The fuel filler door, located on the right rear fender, is connected to your car's central locking system. The driver's door
must be unlocked before the fuel filler door can be opened.
When you lock your car using the central locking button on the driver's door or remote control, the fuel filler door also
locks after a 10-minute delay. If you lock your car with the fuel filler door open, you will need to unlock the car to
allow the fuel filler door to be closed again.
Fuel filler cap
After refueling, close the fuel filler cap by turning it clockwise until it clicks into place. If this cap is not closed tightly
or if the engine is running when the car is refueled, the Malfunction Indicator Lamp (" Check Engine" light) will
illuminate.
Important information
Before you operate your car for the first time, please familiarize yourself with the new- engine oil consumption
information on page 128.
You should also be familiar with the information in chapters one, two and four of this
manual. Information contained in the balance of the manual is extremely useful and should be read after operating the
vehicle for the first time. The manual is structured so that it can be used for reference. For this reason, it should be
kept in the car for ready access.
Do not export your Volvo to another country before investigating that country's applicable safety and exhaust emission
requirements. In some cases it may be difficult or impossible to comply with these requirements. Modifications to the
emission control system( s) may render your Volvo not certifiable for legal operation in the U. S., Canada and other
countries.
All information, illustrations and specifications contained in this manual are based on the latest product information
available at the time of publication. Please note that some vehicles may be equipped differently, depending on special
legal requirements. Optional equipment described in this manual may not be available in all markets.
Volvo reserves the right to make model changes at any time, or to change specifications or design without notice and
without incurring obligation.
Volvo and the environment
Volvo is committed to the well being of its customers. As a natural part of this commitment, we care about the
environment in which we all live. Caring for the environment means an everyday involvement in reducing our
environmental impact.
Volvo's environmental activities are based on a holistic view, which means we consider the overall environmental
impact of a product throughout its complete life cycle. In this context, design, production, product use, and recycling
are all important considerations.
In production, Volvo has partly or completely phased out several chemicals including freons, lead chromates,
naphtanates, asbestos, mercury and cadmium; and reduced the amount of chemicals used in our plants 50% since 1991.
Volvo was the first in the world to introduce into production a three-way catalytic converter with a Lambda sond, now
called oxygen sensor, in 1976. The current version of this highly efficient system reduces emissions of harmful
substances (CO, HC, NOx) from the exhaust pipe by approximately 95% and the search to eliminate the remaining
emissions continues. Volvo is the only automobile manufacturer to offer CFC-free retrofit kits for the air conditioning
system of all models as far back as the 1975 model 240. Advanced electronic engine controls, refined purification
systems and cleaner fuels are bringing us closer to our goal.
After Volvo cars and parts have fulfilled their use, recycling is the next critical step in completing the life cycle. The
metal content is about 75% of the total weight of a car, which makes the car among the most recycled industrial
products. In order to have efficient and well controlled recycling, many Volvo variants have printed dismantling
manuals, indicating the weight and material of individual components.
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For Volvo, all homogeneous plastic parts weighing more than 1.7 oz. (50 grams) are marked with international
symbols that indicate how the component is to be sorted for recycling.
In addition to continuous environmental refinement of conventional gasoline-powered internal combustion engines,
Volvo is actively looking at advanced technology alternative-fuel vehicles.
When you drive a Volvo, you become our partner in the work to lessen the car's impact on the environment. To reduce
your vehicle's environmental impact, you can:
Maintain proper air pressure in your tires. Tests have shown decreased fuel economy with improperly inflated tires.
Follow the recommended maintenance schedule.
Drive at a constant speed.
See an authorized Volvo retailer as soon as possible for inspection if the check engine (malfunction indicator) lamp
illuminates, or stays on after the vehicle has started.
Properly dispose of any vehicle-related waste such as used motor oil, used batteries, brake pads, etc.
When cleaning your car, use Volvo's own car care products, all of which have systematically been adapted to the
environment.
For additional information regarding the environmental activities in which Volvo Cars of North America, Inc. and
Volvo Car Corporation are involved, visit our Internet Home Page at: http://www.volvocars.com

Prem-Air
On the surface of the radiator in the engine compartment, there is a special coating called Prem-Air. Prem-Air works
as a catalytic converter, converting most of the ground level ozone passing through the radiator into oxygen, thereby
reducing harmful ground-level ozone.
Instruments, switches and controls
Page
1. Front fog lights 40
2. Headlights/ Parking lights40
3. Rear fog light40
4. Turn signals/ High/ low beams41
5. Cruise control45
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Rear fog light
This light indicates that the fog light is on.
Oil pressure warning light
If the light comes on while driving, stop the car and then stop the engine immediately and check the engine oil level.
See page 172
. If the light stays on after restart, have the car towed to the nearest authorized Volvo retailer. After hard
driving, the light may come on occasionally when the engine is idling. This is normal, provided it goes off when the
engine speed is increased.
CHECK ENGINE Malfunction indicator light
On-Board Diagnostic II (OBDII): As you drive, a computer called "OBDII" monitors your car's engine, transmission,
electrical and emission systems. The CHECK ENGINE light will light up if the computer senses a condition that
potentially may need correcting. When this happens, please have your car checked by a Volvo retailer as soon as
possible.
A CHECK ENGINE light may have many causes. Sometimes, you may not notice a change in your car's behavior.
Even so, an uncorrected condition could hurt fuel economy, emission cleanliness, and driveability. Extended driving
without correcting the cause could even damage other components in your car.
Canadian models are equipped with this warning light:
pg. 34 Indicator and warning symbols
Turn signal indicator - trailer (certain models)
If you are towing a trailer, this light will flash simultaneously with the turn signals on the trailer. If the light does not
flash when signaling, neither the trailer's turn signals nor the car's turn signals are functioning.
Seat belt reminder
This symbol lights up to indicate that the driver has not fastened his/her seat belt.
pg. 35 Indicator and warning symbols
Cars equipped with STC or DSTC (option) Cars equipped with STC or DSTC have a switch in the center console
marked STC or DSTC. See pages 37, 38
.
If the indicator light flashes, it indicates that the STC or DSTC system is working.
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2 0 0 2
VOLVO S60
Starting and driving
pg. 127 Starting and driving
Refueling 128
Starting the car131
General information133
Manual transmission135
Automatic transmission (option)136
Geartronic (option )138
All Wheel Drive (option)140
Brake system141
Stability system143
Towing145
Jump starting147
Towing a trailer148
Detachable trailer hitch - installing150
Detachable trailer hitch - removing151
Attaching load carriers152
Cold weather precautions153
Before a long distance trip154
pg. 128 Refueling
ENGINE OIL
Although some oil consumption occurs during normal engine operation, more oil is consumed when the engine is new
as the internal parts generate higher friction while wearing- in to each other. From the time the engine is new until the
first service is performed, the oil consumption could be higher than normal. For this reason, it is especially important
to check the oil every time you refuel your car during this period. See page 174
.
Fuel requirements
Octane rating
Volvo engines are designed for optimum performance on unleaded premium gasoline with an AKI octane rating of 91
or above. AKI (ANTI KNOCK INDEX) is an average of the Research Octane Number, RON, and the Motor Octane
Number, MON. (RON + MON/2). The minimum octane requirement is AKI 87 (RON 91).
Deposit control gasoline (detergent additives)
Volvo recommends the use of gasoline containing deposit control additives. These additives have shown to be
effective in keeping injectors and intake valves clean. Consistent use of deposit control gasolines will help ensure good
driveability and fuel economy. If you are not sure whether the gasoline contains deposit control additives, check with
the service station operator.
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Volvo original or approved fuel filler caps.
pg. 131 Starting the car
Starting the engine
1. Fasten the seat belt.
WARNING!
Before starting, check that the seat, steering wheel and mirrors are adjusted properly. Make sure the brake pedal can
be depressed completely. Adjust the seat if necessary. See pages 102, 104.
2. Apply the parking brake (hand brake) if not already set. The gear selector (automatic transmission) is locked in the
(P) ark position (SHIFTLOCK). Manual transmission: the clutch must be fully depressed.
3. Without touching the accelerator pedal, turn the ignition key* to the starting position. Allow the starter to operate for
up to 10 seconds. Release the key as soon as the engine starts. If the engine fails to start, repeat this step.
For cold starts at altitudes above 6000 ft (1800 meters), depress the accelerator pedal halfway and turn the key to the
starting position. Release the pedal slowly when the engine starts.
4. To release the gear selector from the (P) ark position, the engine must be running (or the ignition key must be in
position II) and the brake pedal must be depressed.
5. Select the desired gear. The gear engages after a very slight delay which is especially noticeable when selecting R.
NOTE: Your car is equipped with a KEYLOCK system (automatic transmission). When the engine is switched off,
the gear selector must be in the (P) ark position before the key can be removed from the ignition switch.
When starting in cold weather, the transmission may shift up at slightly higher engine speeds than normal until the
automatic transmission fluid reaches normal operating temperature.
CAUTION:
Automatic transmission
The engine should be idling when you move the gear selector. Never accelerate until after you feel the transmission
engage! Accelerating immediately after selecting a gear will cause harsh engagement and premature transmission wear.
Selecting P or N when idling at a standstill for prolonged periods of time will help prevent overheating of the
automatic transmission fluid.
WARNING!
Always place the gear selector in Park and apply the parking brake before leaving the vehicle. Never leave the car
unattended with the engine running.
Always open garage doors fully before starting the engine inside a garage to ensure adequate ventilation. The
exhaust gases contain carbon monoxide, which is invisible and odorless but very poisonous
Do not race a cold engine immediately after starting. Oil flow may not reach some lubrication points fast enough to
prevent engine damage.
* If two of the keys to your car are close together, e. g., on the same key ring, when you try to start the car, this could
cause interference in the immobilizer system and result in the car not starting. If this should occur, remove one of the
keys from the key ring before trying to start the car again.
pg. 132 Starting the car
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Do not exceed posted speed limits.
Avoid carrying unnecessary items (extra load) in the car.
Maintain correct tire pressure. Check tire pressure regularly (when tires are cold).
Remove snow tires when threat of snow or ice has ended.
Note that roof racks, ski racks, etc, increase air resistance and also fuel consumption.
Avoid using automatic transmission kickdown feature unless necessary.
However, at higher driving speeds, fuel consumption will be lower with the air conditioning on and the windows
closed than with the air conditioning off and the windows open.
Using the onboard trip computer's fuel consumption modes can help you learn how to drive more economically.
Other factors that decrease gas mileage are:
Worn or dirty spark plugs
Incorrect spark plug gap
Dirty air cleaner
Dirty engine oil and clogged oil filter
Dragging brakes
Incorrect front end alignment Some of the above mentioned items and others are checked at the standard
Maintenance Service intervals.
NOTE: Vehicles equipped with automatic transmissions should use (D) rive as often as possible and avoid using
"kickdown" to help improve fuel economy.
WARNING!
Driving with the trunk open: Driving with the trunk open could lead to poisonous exhaust gases entering the
passenger compartment. If the trunk must be kept open for any reason, proceed as follows
- Close the windows
- Set the ventilation system control to air flow to floor, windshield and side windows and blower control to its
highest setting.
CAUTION: Drive slowly and carefully if going through standing water (i. e. flooded roadways, etc.). Damage to the
engine could result if excess water is drawn in through the air intake system. Never drive the vehicle in water deeper
than 1 foot (300 mm).
Weight distribution affects handling
At the specified curb weight your car has a tendency to understeer, which means that the steering wheel has to be
turned more than might seem appropriate for the curvature of a bend. This ensures good stability and reduces the risk
of rear wheel skid. Remember that these properties can alter with the vehicle load.
pg. 134 General information
The heavier the load in the trunk (max. 220 lbs, 100 kg), the less the tendency to understeer.
Handling, roadholding
Vehicle load, tire design and inflation pressure all affect vehicle handling. Therefore, check that the tires are inflated to
the recommended pressure according to the vehicle load. See "Tire pressure" section.
Loads should be distributed so that capacity weight or maximum permissible axle loads are not exceeded.
pg. 135 Manual transmission
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2 0 0 2
VOLVO S60
Maintenance and service
pg. 167 Maintenance and service
Volvo service 168
Working on your car170
Hood and engine compartment172
Oils and fluids173
Wiper blades177
Battery178
Bulbs181
Fuses188
pg. 168 Volvo service
Maintenance service
Volvo advises you to follow the service program outlined in the Warranty and Service Records Information booklet.
This maintenance program contains inspections and services necessary for the proper function of your car. The
maintenance services contain several checks which require special instruments and tools and therefore must be
performed by a qualified technician. To keep your Volvo in top condition, specify time-tested and proven Genuine
Volvo Parts and Accessories.
The Federal Clean Air Act - U. S.
The Clean Air Act requires vehicle manufacturers to furnish written instructions to the ultimate purchaser to assure the
proper functioning of those components that control emissions. The maintenance instructions listed in this manual
represent the minimum maintenance required. These services are not covered by the warranty. You will be required to
pay for labor and material used. Refer to your Warranty and Service Records Information booklet for further details.
Maintenance services
Your Volvo has passed several major inspections before being delivered to you, according to Volvo specifications. The
maintenance services outlined in the Warranty and Service Records Information booklet, many of which will positively
affect your vehicle's emissions, should be performed as indicated. It is recommended that receipts for vehicle emission
services be retained in the event that questions arise concerning maintenance.
Inspection and service should also be performed anytime a malfunction is observed or suspected.
Page 169
provides more information about maintenance of emission-related components.
Applicable warranties - U.S.
In accordance with U. S. Federal Regulations, the following list of applicable U. S. warranties is provided. For
Canadian specification vehicles, see your separate warranty booklet.
New Car Limited Warranty
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Belt check
Check the belt regularly to make sure it is in good condition and is clean. A worn or dirty belt can cause poor cooling
and low alternator output as well as impair the operation of the power steering and the air conditioning unit.
NOTE: The drive belt is equipped with a self -tensioning mechanism and requires no adjustment between changes.!
WARNING!
The engine must not be running when this check is performed.
Check coolant level
The cooling system must be filled with coolant and not leak to operate at maximum efficiency. Check the coolant level
regularly. The level should be between the "MAX" and "MIN" marks on the expansion tank. The check should be
made with particular thoroughness when the engine is new or when the cooling system has been drained.
Do not remove the filler cap other than for topping up with coolant. Frequent removal may prevent coolant circulation
between the engine and the expansion tank during engine warm up and cooling.
Changing coolant
Normally, the coolant does not need to be changed. If the system must be drained, consult your Volvo retailer.
NOTE: Do not top off with water only. This reduces the rust-protective and antifreeze qualities of the coolant and has
a lower boiling point. It can also cause damage to the cooling system if it should freeze. Top off with Volvo Genuine
Coolant/Antifreeze only (a 50/50 mix of water and antifreeze).
CAUTION:
The cooling system must always be kept filled to the correct level. If it is not kept filled, there can be high local
temperatures in the engine which could result in damage. Different types of antifreeze/coolant may not be mixed.
WARNING!
Never remove the radiator cap while the engine is warm. Wait until the car cools.
pg. 172 Hood and engine compartment
Opening the hood
Pull the lever located under the left side of the dash to release the hood lock.
Lift the hood slightly.
Press up the release control located under the front edge of the hood (at the center) and lift.
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WARNING!
Check that the hood locks properly when closed!
Engine compartment
1. Expansion tank - coolant
2. Power steering fluid reservoir
3. Washer fluid reservoir
4. Dipstick - engine oil
5. Radiator
6. Cooling fan
7. Oil filler cap - engine
8. Clutch/brake fluid reservoir
9. Relay/fuse box
10. Air cleaner
11. Battery (in trunk)
12. Data plate
WARNING!
The cooling fan (6) may start or continue to operate (for up to 6 minutes) after the engine has been switched off.
pg. 173 Oils and fluids
Oil quality
Engine oil must meet the minimum ILSAC specification GF-2, including ACEA A1, API SJ, SJ/CF and SJ/ Energy
Conserving.
Your Volvo has been certified using ILSAC oil specification GF-2 5W -30. Volvo recommends use of oil with a
quality rating equal to or higher that ILSAC GF-2. Equivalent and better oils include ACEA A1, API SJ, SJ/CF and
SJ/Energy conserving. Lower quality oils may not offer the same fuel economy, engine performance, or engine
protection.
Depending on your driving habits, premium or synthetic oils may provide superior fuel economy and engine
protection. Consult your Volvo retailer for recommendations on premium or synthetic oils.
Oil additives must not be used.
NOTE: Synthetic oil is not used when the oil is changed at normal maintenance services. This oil is only used at
customer request, at additional charge. Please consult your Volvo retailer.
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Operation in hot climates
When temperatures exceed 86° F (30° C) in your area, Volvo recommends, for the protection of your engine, that you
use a heavier weight oil, such as SAE 10W/30. See the viscosity chart below.
Oil viscosity (stable ambient temperatures)
Operation in temperate climates
Incorrect viscosity oil can shorten engine life. Under normal use when temperatures do not exceed 86° F (30° C), SAE
5W/30 will provide good fuel economy and engine protection. See the viscosity chart at right.
Extreme engine operation
Synthetic oils meeting SAE 10W/30 and complying with oil quality requirements are recommended for driving in
areas of sustained temperature extremes (hot or cold), when towing a trailer over long distances, and for prolonged
driving in mountainous areas.
Changing oil and oil filter
Oil and oil filter changes should be made at 7,500 mile (12,000 km) intervals.
Volvo does not recommend the use of oil additives.
Synthetic oil is not used when the oil is changed at the normal maintenance service intervals.
The API Service Symbol "donut" is divided into three parts:
The top half describes the oil's performance level.
The center identifies the oil's viscosity.
The bottom half tells whether the oil has demonstrated energy-conserving properties in a standard test in
comparison to a reference oil.
pg. 174 Oils and fluids
Checking the oil level
The oil level should be checked every time the car is refueled. This is especially important during the period up to the
first service.
CAUTION:
Not checking the oil level regularly can result in serious engine damage if the oil level becomes too low.
Park the car on a level surface and wait for at least 5 minutes after the engine has been switched off. Be sure the oil
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