starter motor BMW 323i 1996 E36 User Guide

600-
4



ELECTRICAL
SYSTEM-GENERAL

Voltage
and
Voltage
Drops

The
wires,
connectors,
and
switches
that
carry
current
are

designed
with
very
low
resistance
so
that
current
flows
with
a

minimum
loss
of
voltage
.
A
voltage
drop
is
caused
by
higher
than
normal
resistance
in
a
circuit
.
This
additional
resistance

actually
decreases
or
stops
the
flow
of
current
.
A
voltage
drop

can
be
noticed
byproblems
ranging
fromdim
headlights
to
sluggish
wipers
.
Some
common
sources
of
voltage
drops
are
corroded
or
dirty
switches,
dirty
or
corroded
connections
or

contacts,
and
loose
or
corroded
ground
wires
and
ground
con-

nections
.

A
voltage
drop
test
is
a
good
test
to
make
if
current
is
flowing
through
the
circuit,
butthe
circuit
is
not
operating
correctly
.
A
voltage
drop
test
will
help
to
pinpoint
a
corroded
ground
strap
or
a
faulty
switch
.
Normally,
there
should
be
less
than
1
volt

drop
across
most
wires
or
closed
switches
.
A
voltage
drop
across
a
connector
or
short
cable
shouldnot
exceed
0
.5
volts
.

Voltage,
measuring

1
.
Connect
digital
multimeternegative
lead
to
a
reliable
ground
point
oncar
.

NOTE-

The
negative
(-)
battery
terminal
is
alwaysa
good
ground
point
.

2
.
Connect
digital
multimeter
positive
lead
to
point
incir-
cuit
you
wish
to
measure
.
See
Fig
.
1
.
If
a
reading
is
ob-
tained,
current
is
flowing
through
circuit
.

NOTE-

The
voltage
reading
shouldnot
deviate
more
than
1
volt
from
the
voltage
at
the
battery
.
If
the
voltage
drop
is
more
than
this,
check
for
acorroded
connector
or
cose
ground
wire
.

ELECTRICAL
TROLIBLESHOOTING

from
Battery

Fig
.
1
.



Digital
multimeterbeing
used
to
test
voltage
.

No
voltage
r_l

-1
Load

LJ

Switch

NOTE-

The
maximum
voltage
drop
in
an
automotive
circuit,
as
recommended
by
the
Society
of
AutomotiveEngineers
(SAE),
is
as
follows
:
0
voltsfor
small
vire
connections
;
0
.1
Volts
for
high
current
connections
;
0
.2
volts
for
high
current
cables
;
and
0
.3volts
for
switch
or
solenoidcon-
tacts
.
On
longer
wires
or
cables,
the
drop
may
be
slight-ly
higher
.
In
any
case,
a
voltage
drop
of
more
than
1.0volt
usually
indicates
a
problem
.

0013238

NOTE-

"
A
voltage
drop
test
is
generally
more
accuratethan
a



Voltage
drop,
testing

simple
resistance
check
because
the
resistances
in-
volvedare
often
too
small
to
measure
with
most
ohm-



Voltage
drop
can
only
be
checked
when
current
is
running
meters
.
For
example,
a
resistance
as
small
as0
.02



through
the
circuit,
suchasby
operating
the
starter
motor
or
ohms
would
results
in
a
3
volt
drop
in
a
typical
150



turning
onthe
headlights
.
A
digital
multimeter
should
beused
amp
starter
circuit
.
(150
amps
x
0
.02
ohms
=3
volts)
.



lo
ensure
accurate
readings
.

"
Keep
in
mind
that
voltage
with
the
key
on
and
voltage
with
the
engine
running
arenotthe
same
.
With
the
ig-



1
.
Connect
digital
multimeter
positive
lead
to
positive
(+)
nition
on
and
the
engine
off
(battery
voltage),
voltage



battery
terminalor
a
positive
power
supply
close
lo
bat
should
be
approximately
12
.6volts
.
With
the
engine



tery
source
.
running
(charging
voltage),
voltage
should
be
approx-
imately
14
.0
volts
.
Measure
voltage
at
the
battery
with



2
.
Connect
digital
multimeter
negativelead
to
other
end
of
the
ignition
on
and
then
with
the
engine
running
to
get



cable
orswitch
being
tested
.
See
Fig
.
2
.
exact
measurements
.

3
.
With
power
on
and
circuit
working,
meter
shows
volt-
age
drop
(difference
between
two
points)
.
This
value
should
not
exceed
1
volt
.

Fig
.
5
.



Splice
panel
under
left
side
of
dash
.

SplicePanel,
Right

ir1!
1,
111lí~lll
.

'

ELECTRICAL
COMPONENT
LOCATIONS



610-3

0013091

1
.



Unloader
relay



4
.



Starter
immobilization
2
.



Wiper
relay



relay
(1994
only)
3
.
Wiper
motor
relay



F47
&
F50
Fuses47
and
50

The
right
splice
panel
contains
three
relay
positions
.
It
is
lo-

cated
under
the
right
side
of
the
dashboard
.

To
access
the
panel,
remove
theglove
compartment
as
de-
scribed
in
513
Interior
Trim
.
See
Fig
.
6
.

Fig
.
6
.



Splice
panel
under
right
side
of
dash
(arrow)
.
Glove
compart-
ment
and
right
side
vents
shown
removed
.

COMPONENT
LOCATIONS

On
the
following
pages
are
illustrations
and
photos
showing
the
location
of
major
electrical
components
in
E36
vehicles
.

NOTE-

-
Every
component
is
not
installed
in
everycar
.

"
Due
to
changes
in
production,
component
locations
may
vary
from
what
is
illustrated
.
Consult
your
BMW
dealer
for
the
latest
information
.

"
The
gear-position/neutral
safety
switch
ís
also
some-
times
referred
to
as
the
automatic
transmission
range
switch
.

"
The
EWS
11
system
is
also
sometimes
referred
to
as
the
Driveaway
Protection
System
or
the
electronic
im-
mobilization
system
.

"
All-Season
Traction
(AST)
is
also
sometimes
referred
to
as
ASC
or
ASC+T
.

COMPONENT
LOCATIONS

Tablea
.
E36
Component
Locations

Component



Model
Year



Location



Refer
to
Rollover
Sensor



1994-1998



In
lower
left
C-pillar
behind
trim
panel
(Convertible)

Seat
Belt
Switch



1992-1998



In
front
seat
belt
buckle

SeatCushion
Tilt
Motor



1992-1998



Under
front
seat

Seat
Heater



1993-1998



Under
front
seat

Seat
Height
Motor
Front



1992-1998



Under
front
seat

Seat
Movement
Motor



1992-1998



Under
front
seat

Seatback
Heater



1993-1998



In
upper
front
seatback

Seatback
Recliner
Motor



1993-1998



Under
front
seat

Seat
Occupancy
Detector



1994-1998



Under
rightfront
seat

Secondary
Air
Pump
(4-cyl
.)



1997
1
/2
-
1998



Left
engine
compartment,
belowpower
distribution
box
(M44
engine)

Secondary
Air
Pump
(6-cyl
.)



1996-1998



Front
of
engine
compartment
(M52/S52US
engine)

Secondary
Air
Pump
Relay



1996-1998



Power
distribution
box



Fig
.
2
.

Secondary
Air
Pump
Valve



1996-1998



Right
sideof
engine

Side
Impact
Air
Bag
Right/Left



1997-1998



Behind
right/left
door
trim
panel

Síde
Impact
Airbag
Crash
Sensor,



1997-1998



Right/left
door
si¡¡
behind
front
seat
Right/Left

Shift
Interlock



1992-1998



Center
console
beside
shift
selector

Slip
Control
Module
(ABS/AST)



1992-1998



Behind
glove
compartment



Fig
.
8
.
Fig
.
9
.

Splice
Panel,
Left
Side



1992-1998



Behind
footwell
speaker
grill



Fig
.
5
.

SplicePanel,
Right
Side



1992-1998



Behind
glove
compartment



Fig
.
6
.

Starter



1992-1998



Leftrear
of
engine

Starter
Immobilization
Relay



1994-1998



In
left
splice
panelbehind
footwell
speaker
grill

Starter
Relay



1992-1993



Below
left
side
of
dash

Starter
Relay



1994-1998



Behind
left
footwell
speaker
grill

Sunroof
Control
Assembly



1992-1998



In
roof
center
panel

Supplemental
Restraint
System



11992-1993



I
Behind
glove
compartment



I



Fig
.
8
.
(Airbag)
Control
Module



Fig
.
9
.

Supplemental
Restraint
System



1994-1998



1
Under
center
of
rear
seat
(Airbag
ZAE)
Control
Module

Switch,
Power
Window



1
1992-1998



1
Center
console

Telephone
Eject
Box



1
1994-1996



1
Center
console

ELECTRICAL
COMPONENT
LOCATIONS



610-17

Telephone
Transceiver



1992-1992



In
luggage
compartment

Throttle
Flap
Heater



1994-1996



Left
sideof
engine

Throttle
Position
Sensor



1992-1998



I
Left
sideof
engine
inthrottle
housing



I



Fig
.
7
.
Fig
.
15
.
Fig
.
21
.

Continued

COMPONENT
LOCATIONS

8317
4

FROMIGNITION
T



VIO



FROM
IGNITION
U



VIO



"I"
IGNITION
SWITCH



SWITCH



SWITCH
(DIAGRAM2OF5)
29



(DIAGRAM20F5)
31



(DIAGRAM20F5)

FROMIGNITION
GRIN
PROMIGNITION
SWITCH



SWITCH
(DIAGRAM20F5)
~(DIAGRAM20F5)

REVERSING
LIGHT
SW
TO
DATA
LINK
CONNECTOR

Power
Distribution

1994-95
Except
318ti
(3
of
5)

______________________________________________
-_-
FRONTPOWER

ELECTRICAL
WIRING
DIAGRAMS
ELE-11

3

FUSE



FUSE



I
DISTRIBUTION
BOX
F46



F18
I

L
>



t
141



6'



81



81



16/



11



261



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i



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It

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i



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--
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I



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I



I



I



I



I



I



I



I



I



I



I



I



I

ON-BOARD



CHECKCONTROL



WIPER



WIPERMOTOR



INSTRUMENT



BRAKELIGHT



CRUISE
CONTROL



CRUISECONTROL



TRANSMITTER



COMPRESSOR



NORMAL



HIGH
COMPUTERMODULE
RELAY
RELAY
CLUSTER
SWITCH
MODULE
SWITCH
MODULE
CONTROL
SPEEDSPEED
(EWSIN
RELAYRELAYRELAY
(1995)

,FRONT
(POWER
DISTRIBUTION
FUSE



FUSE



FUSE



(BOX
FUSE
I
F24



F25



F26
F27
10A



5A



10A



5q
I
------------------

-
-------
-

I



I



I



I



I



I



I



I



I



I



I



I



I



I



'



I



I



I



I



I



I



I



I
AUTOMATIC
"1"
TRANSMISSION



I
-
I
I



_
I



I



_
I



I



I



I



I



I



-)



I



_
I



AUXILIARY
RANGESWITCH
JETMIRROR
L
II



CONNECTORCONNECTOR
RIG
H7
PARK



HIGH
BEAM



I



I



I



I
HEATER



CONTROL



LEFT
PARK



LIGHT



LOWBEAM



LIGHT/LICENSE



LIGHT



AUTOMAT
IC



PROGRAM



THROTTLE
SWITCH



LIGHT



SWITCH



LIGHT



PLATE
LIGHT



RELAY



HROTTLE



STARTER
(



(1995)



TRANSMISSIONSWITCH
FLAP
IMMOBILIZATION
994)



RELAY



RELAYRELAY
A)



RANGESWITCH



HEATER
RELAY
WIOEGSONLV
--
I



-



(CANADA)



(CANADA)



(CANAD



(1994
LATE
(1894)



(1994)



(1
994
)



PRODUCTION)
SERVOTRONIC
CONTROLMODULE
(1995)
FROM



FRONTPOWER
I



FU
SEF24



I
DISTRIBUTIONBOX
I
(DIAGRAM
30F5)



FUSE



FUSE



FUSE
II



F23



F22



F21
I
5A



5A



5A

61



_I-
=
L



41



4,
1



91



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8),



51



531

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!
---
I



!
_I



!
_I

23

INTEGRATED



COMBINATION



INSTRUMENT



PEAR



MULTI-



UNLOADER



SLIP
CONTROL



LIGHT



ASC



ABSSLIP



ASS
RELAY
CLIMATE



SWITCH



CLUSTER



DEFOGGER



FUNCTION



RELAY



MODULE
(AB
S)



SWITCH



SWITCH



CONTROL
REGULATION



RELAY
CLOCK



(1995)



MODULE
CONTROL
MODULE

INSTRUMENT
CLUSTER

ELE-16
ELECTRICAL
WIRING
DIAGRAMS

88978

TO
FUSE
F16
yDIAGRAM
4
OF
5)
70FU
SEF28



K



GRN
(DIAGRAM
4OF5)

___
--------
_---------------------
______________
I
IGNITION
I
SWITCH
I



_



_
_-_-__-
-----------
I
OFF



START



OFF



START



OFF



START



F,



START

FROM
FRONT
POWER
r
<
DISTRIBUTION
BOX
(DIAGRAM
2OF5)

=OC---U-
-_-_---_-__-ACC--RU=
____CC_CC--R=N-



CC-PUN

Power
Distribution

1996-97
Except
318ti
(3
of
5)

ELECTRONICIMMOBLIZER
CONTROL
MODULE
(EWS11)

NOTUSED

2_
.
15



t

I
I



II



II



F-,



II



II
I
I



II



I
I



I
I



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-I



L-1
INSTRUMENT



HORN
RELAY
ENGINECONTROL



UN
LOADER



INSTRUMENT



BLOWERRELAY



CLUSTER
No
DULE(DME)



RELAY



CLUSTER



°_



(1996)

-----



-------

1
1'

--



FRONTPOWER
I



M



TO
1111111



IDISDISTRIBUTION
BOX
(DIAGRAM
3
OF5)



II
FUSE



FUSE



USE
I
1'44



F43



42
I

!
'________________________________
5A

~

_________________



5=

el
231



51



41



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1



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CONSOLE
TELEPHONE
GLOVE
BOX



I



-
.
I



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-
I



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-)



I



-
I



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-
I



CONNECTOR
LIGHT



(1987)
WIPER/



WIPER/



RADIO



TWIN
RELAY



WASHERWASHER
WASHER



MODULE
PUMPMODULE



MODULE



(1996
CANADA)
(1996
CANADA)

SEAT



RIGHTSIDE



LEFT
SIDE



SRS



ROLLOVER
OCCUPANCY
IMPACTIMPACT
CONTROLSENSOR
DETECTOR
SENSORSENSOR
MODULE
(1997)(1997)(1997)

O~



31



1~



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1
31


11



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II



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II



II



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COMPARTMENT
TELEPHONE
CONNECTOR
LEF7MAKEUP



CONVERTIBLETOP



TELEPHONE



SEAT



SWITCH



FRONTDOME/



ANTI-THEFT



RIGHTMAKEUP



REAR



(1997)
MI
PROFLIGHT



CONTROLMODULE



TRANSCEIVER



OCCUPANCY



SPATIALSOUND



MAPLIGHT



CONTROLMODULE



MIRROR
LIGHT



INTERIOR
(1996)
DETECTOR



ASSEMBLY
(199fi)

FROMFISE
141
---
(DIAGRAM
30F5)
M



________--_--_________________-_----------------



FRONTPOWER
DISTRIBUTIONBOX
(



FUSE



FUSE
1I



F45



F4fi
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7
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30Y



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-
,
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WIPER



WIPER



STARTER



TRANSMITTER
INSTRUMENT
BRAKELIGHT
CRUISECONTROL
CRUISECONTROL
TRANSMITTER
COMPUTER
CONTROL
RELAY
MOTOR
IMMOBILIZATION
MODULE
CLUSTER
SWITCH
MODULE
SWITCH
MODULE
MODULE
(1996)
RELAY
SWITCH
(1996)
(1998)



(1997)

0
TALINK
CONNECTOR

ELE-40
ELECTRICAL
WIRING
DIAGRAMS

RIGHTHEADLIGHT/



RIGHT
I



FRONT
I



FOG
LIGHT



I



HIGH



I



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WASHER



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BEAM



LIGHT
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(CONSOLE)



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m



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SWITCH



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POWER



--
(L
DOOR)
I
(FLUID



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LOW



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(PUMP
I
SWITCH
(-
IITHEFT



S
(CONVERTIBLE)



S
SWWINDOW
ITCH
3
I
(LEVEL



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m
II



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SWITCH
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(1995)



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DOOR)

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PARK



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(
(PASSENGERS
I
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LEFT
,



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POWER



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(POWER
AUXILIARY



LEFT



I



FRONT
I



RIGHT



WINDOW



WINDOW
I



,



_



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FAN



I



(
HIGH



(-
TURN



I
-
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HORN



LEFT



I



(
SWITCH



I



(SWITCH



I



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SWITCH
I



(
MOTOR



LIGHT
I--
I
LIGHT



LIGHT



¢~



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(CONVERTIBLE)
I



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-I



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-(



---



-

84318

ENGINE



LEFT



LEFT



CRUISE
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COOLANT
m



LOW



HORN



CONTROL
I
(LEVEL



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II



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SWITCH



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-
(LIGHT



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1



1



1



8

BRN

LEFT



LEFT



LEFT
I



I



I



I



I



I
REAR



REAR



REAR
RIGHT



I



I



(
POWER



I



(
DOOR



I



(
WINDOW
I
PARK
I



I
(WINDOW
I
((CONSOLE)
I
SWITCH
I



l,



LIGHT



I



--
SWITCH



--
POWER



-
r
-
(6
DOOR)
(CONVERTIBLE(

/A
BF.

T

BRN

Ground
Distribution

1994-95
Except
318ti
(1
of
5)

I
(TEMPERATURE
-
RIGHT
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