engine BMW M3 1994 E36 Workshop Manual
Page 134 of 759
120-10
IGNITION
SYSTEM
Ground
(rear
of
engine
compartment,
rear
of
passenger
side
shock
tower)
.!
BK
Camshaft
Position
Sensor
IGNITION
SYSTEM
SCHEMATICS
Batteryvoltage
in
run
or
start
(
via
ignition
switch
terminal
15)
---------------------------------------------------------
55
S5154
i
power
input
Power
input
1
DME
Control
Module(Bosch
DME
M3
.1)
Ground
-
(RHrear
of
enginecompartment,
rearof
passenger
side
shock
tower)
Fig
.
15
.
Bosch
DME
M3
.1
usedon1992
M50
engines(without
VANOS)
.
.EBK
Crankshaftlrpm
Position
Sensor
5GN
1.0
RD
Ground
(RH
rearof
enginecompartment,
rear
of
passenger
side
shock
tower)
WIRING
COLOR
CODE
BK
-
BLACK
BR
-
BROWN
RD
-
RED
YL
-
YELLOWGN
-
GREEN
BL
-
BLUE
VI-
VIOLET
GY
"
GREY
WT
"
WHITE
PK
-
PINK
Batteryvoltage
in
run
or
start
(
via
main
relay
Battery
voltage
terminal
87)
in
run
or
start
(via
ignition
switch
terminal
15)
11508
1
grounds
Main
rela
control
P
ower
Input
Y
I
-
34
---"--
6
26
27
1
Battery
voltage
at
all
times
to
Main
relay
(terminal
85)
Page 135 of 759
RER
Knock
Sensor
Knock
Sensor
(cyl
.1-3)
(cyl
.4-6)
Batteryvoltage
IMIRING
in
run
or
start
COLORCODE
(
via
ignition
switch
termina¡
15)
BK
BLAOK
BR
BROWN
RD
-
RED
YL
-
YELLOW
GN
"
GREEN
EL
-
BLUF
VI
-
VIOLET
GY
-
GREY
WT
-
WHITE
PK
-
PINK
4
.0
GN
l1/1j\
I'1
/~/1r1
l\r1
1
55
so
si
52
23
25
24
56
54
1
Power
input
Power
input
III
O
Engine
Control
Module
(Bosch
DMEM13
.1)
II
grounds
P
ower
input
Main
relaY
control
I
70
__
_
71
69
17
28
43
16
-34---"-6
26
27
____________________________________________
From
main
relaterminal
87
(battery
voltage
in
run
or
start
.5
YL
Camshaft
Position
Sensor
Ground
(RH
rearof
enginecompartment,
rear
of
shock
tower)
.5
BK
Crankshaft/rpm
Position
Sensor
Fig
.
16
.
Bosch
DME
M33
.1
ignition
system
círcuit
for
1993-1995
M50
engines
with
VANOS
.
IGNITION
SYSTEM
120-11
Ground
=
(RH
rear
of
engine
compartment,
back
sideof
shock
tower)
Batteryvoltage
Battery
voltage
in
run
or
start
in
run
or
start
(
via
ignition
switch
(
via
main
relay
terminal
15)
terminal
87)
1
.0
RD
11506a
.5
BR
Batteryvoltage
at
all
times
to
Main
relay
(terminal
85)
IGNITION
SYSTEM
SCHEMATICS
Page 136 of 759
120-12
IGNITION
SYSTEM
Warning
.
Lethal
voltagepresent
Battery
voltage
in
run
or
start
(via
ignitíon
switch
terminal
15)
I
t
IGNITION
SYSTEM
SCHEMATICS
Battery
voltage
in
run
or
start
(
via
ignition
switchterminal
15)
WIRING
COLOR
CODE
Knock
Sensor
Knock
Sensor
Crankshaftlrpm
Camshaft
(cyl
.
1-3)
(cyl
.
4-6)
Position
Sensor
Position
-
-
Sensor
-
Fig
.
17
.
Siemens
MS
41
.1
ignition
systemusedon1996
and
later
6-cylinder
engines
.
1.0
BR
PQ
1
.08~1
.0BKIRD
/1
.0BK/YL
'10BK/BL
'1
.03KIGN
10BKNI
4
1D
BK
-
BLACK
BR
-
BROWN
RD
-
RED
YL
-
YELLOW
GN
-
GREEN
BL
-
BLUE
VI-
VIOLET
GY
-
GREY
WT
-
WHITE
PK
-
PINK
Batteryvoltage
in
run
or
start
(via
main
relay
terminal
87)
!1
rl
1.0
B~
^
1.0
BK/RD
^
1.0
BKIYL
^
1
.0
BK/BL
n
1.0
BK/GN
n
1
.0
BKIVI
%~
r
-------
--------------_____________----_______-_-____
49
29
1
30
2
31
3
8754
1
power
input
Power
input
I
1
Engine
Control
Module
(Siemens
MS
41
.1)
1
1
grounds
1
n
1
Powerinput
Mainrelaycontrol
1
1-
57
___
58
_
59
_
__
63
_
38
83
48
40
64
43
65
41
28
32
34
4
26
73
1
-
-----------
-
_-----
-
------
_
------
-
------
-
---
-
.5Y1-
.5BKY.5GNY.5BRY
Y
.35BKY
1
Y
Y
.35BKY/Y35YY
75
.18R/
.5YL-1
1'
.
Batteryvoltage
at
all
times
to
Main
relay
(terminal
85)
Ground
v
(RH
rear
of
engine
Z
compartment,
rear
=
of
shock
tower)
Ground
(RH
rear
of
enginecompartment,
rearof
shock
tower)
0012731
Page 137 of 759
CHARGING
SYSTEM
TROUBLESHOOTING
.............
.
.
.
.
.121-2
Charging
System
Quick-Check
...
.
..
.
...
.
121-2
Static
current
draw,
checking
........
.
...
.
121-2
BATTERY
SERVICE
....................
121-3
Battery
Testing
.
.
.
.
.
.........
.
........
.
121-3
Hydrometer
Testing
.
...
.
.
.
...
.
.........
121-3
Battery
Open-Circuit
Voltage
Test
....
.
....
121-4
Battery
Load
Voltage
Test
.
.
.
.
.
.
.........
121-4
Battery
Charging
.
.
.
.
...
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.........
121-4
ALTERNATOR
SERVICE
.
.
.
.
.
.
.....
.
...
121-4
Chargingsystem,checking
.
.
.
.
.
.........
121-4
Alternator,
removingand
installing
(4-cylinder
engine)
....
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.........
121-5
Alternator,
removingand
installing
(6-cylinder
engine)
..
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.........
121-6
GENERAL
The
charging
system
consists
of
a
belt-driven
alternator
with
integral
voltage
regulator
and
a
battery
mounted
in
the
luggage
compartment
.
Various
versions
of
alternators,
voltage
regulators,
starters,
and
batteries
are
used
in
the
E36
cars
.
It
is
important
to
re-
place
components
according
tothe
original
equipment
speci-
fication
.
Check
with
an
authorized
BMW
dealer
for
specific
application
and
parts
information
.
WARNING
-
"
Weargoggles,
rubbergloves,
and
a
rubberapron
when
working
around
batteries
and
battery
acid
(electrolyte)
.
"
Battery
acid
contains
sulfuric
acid
and
can
cause
skin
irritation
and
burning
.
ff
acid
is
spilled
onyour
skin
or
clothing,
flush
the
area
at
once
with
large
quantities
of
water
.
lf
electrolyte
gets
into
your
eyes,flush
them
with
largequantities
of
clean
wa-
terfor
several
minutes
and
call
a
physician
.
"
Batteries
that
are
being
charged
or
are
fully
charged
give
off
explosive
hydrogen
gas
.
Keep
sparks
and
open
flames
away
.
Do
not
smoke
.
BATTERY,
STARTER,
ALTERNATOR
121-1
121
Battery,
Starter,
Alternator
GENERAL
..
.
...
.
........
.
...
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
121-1
Voltage
regulator,
removing
and
ínstalling
.
.
.
121-6
Alternator
brushes,
inspecting
and
replacing
.121-7
STARTER
SERVICE
....
.
.
.
.
.
..........
.121-7
Starter
Troubleshootíng
121-7
15
..
.
.
.
.
.
........
.
.
.
Starter,
removing
and
installing
(4-cylinder
engine)
....
.
.
.
............
.
121-8
Starter,
removing
and
installing
(6-cylinder
engine
with
manual
transmission)
..
.
...........
.
...
121-8
Starter,
removing
and
installing
(6-cylinder
engine
with
automatic
transmission)
................
121-9
Solenoid
switch,
removingand
installing
....
121-10
TABLES
a
.
Battery,
Starter
and
Charging
System
Troubleshooting
............
.
.
.
.
:...
........
121-2
b
.
Specific
Gravity
of
Battery
Electrolyte
at
80°F
(27°C)
...............
.
.
..
..........
121-3
c
.
Open-Circuit
Voltage
and
Battery
Charge
........
121-4
d
.
Battery
Load
Test-Minimum
Voltage
.
..........
121-4
CAUTION
-
"
Prior
to
disconnectiog
the
battery,
read
the
bat-tery
disconnection
cautions
given
at
the
front
of
this
manual
on
page
viii
.
"
Disconnecting
the
battery
cables
may
erase
fault
codes
stored
in
control
unit
memory
.
"
Always
disconnect
the
negative
()
battery
cable
first
and
reconnect
it
last
.
Cover
the
battery
post
with
an
insulating
material
whenever
the
cable
is
removed
.
"
After
reconnecting
the
battery,
the
power
window
motors
must
be
reinitialized
.
See
511
Door
Win-
dows
.
"
Never
reverse
the
battery
cables
.
Even
a
momen-
tary
wrong
connection
can
damage
the
alternatoror
other
electrical
components
.
"
Battery
cables
may
be
the
same
color
.
Label
ca-blebefore
removing
.
GENERAL
Page 138 of 759
121-2
BATTERY,
STARTER,
ALTERNATOR
CHARGING
SYSTEM
TROUBLESHOOTING
Static
currentdraw,
checking
Charging
system
diagnostics
requires
special
test
equip-
ment
.
If
the
test
equipment
is
not
available,
charging
system
fault
diagnosis
can
be
performedby
an
authorized
BMW
deal-
eror
other
qualified
repair
shop
.
A
general
troubleshooting
guide
is
given
in
Table
a
.
Charging
System
Quick-Check
As
a
quick-check,
use
a
digital
multimeter
lo
measure
volt-
2
.
Disconnect
battery
negative
(-)
cable
.
age
across
the
battery
terminals
with
the
key
off
and
then
again
with
the
engine
running
.
The
battery
voltage
should
be
CAUTION-
about12
.6
volts
with
key
off
and
approximately
14
.0
volts
with
Prior
to
disconnecting
the
battery,
read
the
battery
the
engine
running
.
If
the
voltage
does
not
increase
when
the
disconnection
cautions
given
at
the
front
of
this
engine
is
running,there
is
a
fault
in
the
charging
system
.
manual
onpaga
viii
.
NOTE
-
The
regulated
voltage
(engine
running)
should
be
be-
tween
13
.5
and
14
.5,
depending
on
temperatura
and
operating
conditions
.
If
the
voltage
is
higher
than
14
.8,
the
voltage
regulator
is
most
Mely
faulty
.
Check
for
clean
and
tight
battery
cables
.
Check
the
ground
cable
running
from
the
negative
(-)
battery
terminal
lo
the
chassis
and
the
ground
cable
running
from
the
engine
lo
the
chassis
.
Check
the
alternator
drive
belt
condition
and
tension
.
If
the
battery
discharges
over
time,
there
may
be
a
constant
drain
or
current
draw
on
the
battery
.
A
small
static
drain
on
the
battery
is
normal,
but
a
largedrain
will
cause
the
battery
lo
quickly
discharge
.
Make
a
static
current
draw
test
asthe
first
step
when
experiencing
battery
discharge
.
1
.
Make
sure
ignition
and
al¡
electrical
accessories
are
switched
off
.
3
.
Connect
a
digital
ammeter
between
negative
battery
post
and
negative
battery
cable
lo
measure
current
.
See
Fig
.
1
.
Wait
at
least
one
minuta
lo
get
an
accurate
reading
.
A
range
of
about
0
lo
100
milliamps
is
normal,
dependingon
the
number
of
accessories
that
need
constant
power
.
A
current
of
400
milliamps
(0.4
amp)
or
more
may
indicate
a
problem
.
Table
a
.
Battery,
Starter
and
Charging
System
Troubleshooting
Symptom
1
Probable
Cause
1
Correctiva
Action
1
.
Engine
cranks
slowlyor
not
a
.
Battery
cables
loose,
dirty
orcor-
a
.
Clean
or
replace
cables
.
See020
Maintenance
Program
.
a
tall,
solenoíd
clicks
when
roded
.
starter
is
operated
.
b
.
Battery
discharged
.
b
.
Charge
battery,
test
and
replace
if
necessary
.
c
.
Body
ground
straploose,
dirty
or
c
.
Inspect
ground
strap,
clean,
tighten
or
replace
if
necessary
.
corroded
.
d
.
Poor
connection
at
starter
motor
d
.
Check
connections,
test
for
voltage
at
starter
.
Test
for
voltage
at
terminal
30
.
neutral
safety
or
clutch
interlock
switch
.
e
.
Starter
motor
or
solenoid
faulty
.
e
.
Test
starter
.
2
.
Battery
will
not
stay
a
.
Short
circuit
draining
the
battery
.
a
.
Test
for
excessive
current
drainwith
everything
electrical
in
the
charged
more
than
a
few
vehicle
off
.
days
.
b
.
Short
driving
trips
and
high
elec-
b
.
Evaluate
driving
style
.
Where
possible,
reduce
electrical
con
trical
drain
on
charging
system
sumption
when
making
short
trips
.
does
not
allow
battery
to
re-
charge
.
c
.
Drive
belt(s)
worn
or
damaged
.
c
.
Inspect
or
replace
multi-ribbed
belt(s)
.
See
020
Maintenance
Program
.
d
.
Battery
faulty
.
d
.
Test
battery
and
replace
íf
necessary
.
e
.
Battery
cables
loose,
dirty
orcor-
e
.
Clean
or
replace
cables
.
See
020
Maintenance
Program
.
rodad
.
f
.
Alternatoror
voltage
regulator
f
.
Test
alternator
and
voltage
regulator
.
faulty
.
3
.
Battery
losing
water
.
1
a
.
Battery
overcharging
.
1
a
.
Test
voltage
regulator
for
proper
operation
.
4
.
Lights
dim,
light
intensity
a
.
Drive
belt(s)
worn
or
damaged
.
a
.
Inspect
or
replace
multi-ribbed
belt(s)
.
See
020
Maintenance
varies
with
engine
speed
.
Program
.
b
.
Alternatoror
voltage
regulator
b
.
Test
alternator
and
voltage
regulator
.
faulty
.
c
.
Body
ground
straps
loose,
dirty
or
c
.
Inspect
ground
straps,
clean,
tighten
or
replace
as
necessary
.
corroded
.
CHARGING
SYSTEM
TROUBLESHOOTING
Page 139 of 759
Fig
.1.
Electrical
system
static
current
draw
being
measured
.
To
determine
the
circuit
or
component
causing
the
problem,
remove
one
Puse
at
a
time
until
the
current
drops
to
a
normal
range
.
BATTERY
SERVICE
The
E36
uses
a
six-cell,
12-volt
leadacid
battery
mounted
in
the
luggage
compartment
.
See
Fig
.
2
.
NOTE-
E36
convertible
models
require
a
specialbattery
which
is
designed
for
constant
vibratfon
.
A
battery
not
de-signed
for
this
will
fail
much
earlier
.
Battery
capacity
is
determined
by
the
amount
of
current
needed
tostart
the
vehicle,
and
by
the
amount
of
current
con-
sumed
by
the
electrical
system
.
BMW
batteries
are
rated
by
ampere/hours
(Ah)
and
cold
cranking
amps
(CCA)
rating
.
The
Ah
rating
is
determined
by
the
average
amount
of
current
the
battery
can
deliver
over
time
without
dropping
below
a
specified
voltage
.
The
CCA
is
determined
by
the
battery's
ability
to
deliver
starting
current
at
0°
F
(-18°
C)
without
dropping
below
a
specified
voltage
.
Battery
Testing
noN~A
B9517
Battery
testing
determines
the
state
of
battery
charge
.
On
conventional
or
low-maintenance
batteries
the
most
common
method
of
testing
the
battery
is
that
of
checking
the
specific
gravity
of
the
electrolyte
using
a
hydrometer
.
Before
testing
the
battery,
check
that
the
cables
are
tight
and
free
of
corro-
sion
.
See
Fig
.
2
.
Hydrometer
Testing
The
hydrometer
consists
of
a
glass
cylinder
with
a
freely
moving
float
inside
.
When
electrolyte
is
drawn
into
the
cylin-
der,
the
levelto
which
the
float
sinks
indicates
the
specific
BATTERY,
STARTER,
ALTERNATOR
121-
3
Fig
.
2
.
Battery
in
right
sideof
luggage
compartment
.
gravity
of
the
electrolyte
.
The
more
dense
the
concentration
of
sulfuric
acid
in
the
electrolyte,
the
less
the
float
will
sink,
result-
ing
in
a
higher
reading
and
indicating
a
higher
state
of
charge)
.
NOTE-
Electrolyte
temperature
affects
hydrometer
reading
.
Check
the
electrolyte
temperaturewith
a
thermometer
.
Add
0
.004
to
the
hydrometer
reading
for
every
10°F
(6°C)
that
the
electrolyte
is
above
80°F
(27°C)
.
Sub-
tract
0
.004
from
the
reading
for
every
10°F
(6°C)
that
the
electrolyte
is
below
80°F
(27°C)
.
Before
checking
the
specificgravity
of
a
battery,
load
the
battery
with
15
amperes
for
one
minute
.
lf
the
battery
is
in-
stalled
in
the
vehicle,
this
can
be
done
by
turning
on
the
head-
lights
without
the
engine
running
.
Table
b
lists
the
percentage
of
charge
based
on
specific
gravity
values
.
Table
b
.
Specific
Gravity
of
Battery
Electrolyteat
80
°
F
(27°C)
Specific
gravity
1
Stateof
charge
1
.265
Fully
charged
1
.225
75%
charged
1
.190
50%
charged
1
.155
25%
charged
1
.120
Fully
discharged
The
battery
isin
satisfactory
condition
if
theaverage
specif-
ic
gravity
of
the
six
cells
is
at
least
1
.225
.
If
the
specific
gravity
is
above
this
leve¡,
butthe
battery
lacks
power
for
starting,
de-
termine
the
battery's
senrice
condition
with
a
load
voltage
test,
as
described
below
.
If
the
average
specific
gravity
of
the
six
cells
is
below
1
.225,
remove
the
battery
from
the
luggage
compartment
and
recharge
.
If,
after
recharging,
the
specific
gravity
varies
by
more
than
0
.005
between
any
two
celis,
re-
place
the
battery
.
CHARGING
SYSTEM
TROUBLESHOOTING
Page 140 of 759
121-
4
BATTERY,
STARTER,
ALTERNATOR
BatteryOpen-Circuit
Voltage
Test
Battery
Charging
Before
making
the
test,
load
the
battery
with
15
amperes
for
Discharged
batteries
can
be
recharged
using
a
battery
one
minute
with
a
batteryload-tester
or
turn
on
the
headlights
charger
.
The
battery
should
be
removed
from
the
luggage
for
about
one
minute
without
the
engine
running
.Then
discon-
compartment
during
charging
.
nect
the
battery
negative
(-)
cable
and
connect
a
digital
volt-
meter
acrossthe
battery
terminals
.
Open-circuit
voltage
Prolonged
charging
causes
electrolyte
evaporation
to
a
lev
levels
are
given
in
Table
c
.
el
that
can
damage
the
battery
.
Itis
bestto
use
a
low-current
charger
(6
amperes
or
less)
to
prevent
battery
damage
If
the
open-circuit
voltage
ís
OK
butthe
battery
still
lacks
caused
by
overheating
.
power
for
starting,
make
a
load
voltage
test
.
If
the
open-circuit
voltage
is
below
12
.4
volts,
recharge
the
battery
and
retest
.
WARNING
-
Hydrogen
gas
given
off
by
the
battery
duringcharg-
Table
c
.
Open-Circuit
Voltage
and
Battery
Charge
ing
is
explosive
.
Do
not
smoke
.
Keep
open
llames
away
from
the
top
of
the
battery,
and
prevent
elec
Open-circuit
voltage
State
of
charge
trical
sparks
by
turning
offthe
battery
charger
be-
12
.6
V
or
more
Fully
charged
fore
connecting
or
disconnecting
it
.
12
.4
V
1
75%
charged
12
.2
V
50%
charged
CAUTION-
12
.0
V
25%
charged
"
Battery
electrolyte
(sulfuric
acid)
can
damage
the
car
.
If
electrolyte
isspilled,
clean
the
area
11
.7
V
or
less
Fully
discharged
with
a
solution
of
baking
soda
and
water
.
Battery
Load
Voltage
Test
A
battery
load
tester
is
required
for
a
load
voltage
test
.
The
-
Always
disconnect
both
battery
cables
and
re-
test
is
made
by
applying
a
high
resistive
load
to
the
battery
ter-
move
battery
from
vehicle
during
battery
charg-
ing
.
Do
not
exceed
16
.5volts
at
the
battery
.
minals
and
then
measuring
battery
voltage
.
The
battery
should
be
fully
charged
for
the
most
accurate
results
.
The
battery
ca-
bles
mustbe
disconnected
before
making
the
test
.
If
the
volt-
ALTERNATOR
$ERVICE
age
is
below
that
listed
in
Table
d,
the
battery
should
be
replaced
.
WARNING
-
Always
wear
protective
goggles
and
clothing
when
performing
aload
test
.
Table
d
.
Battery
Load
Test-Minimum
Voltage
(apply
200
amp
load
for
15
seconds)
Ambient
temperature
Voltage
80°F
(27°C)
9
.6
V
60°F
(16°C)
9
.5
V
40°F
(4°C)
9
.3
V
20°F
(-7°C)
8
.9
V
0°F
(-18°C)
8
.5
V
ALTERNATOR
SERVICE
"
Always
allow
a
frozen
battery
to
thaw
before
at-
tempting
to
recharge
it
.
Before
checking
the
alternator
and
regulator,
make
sure
the
battery
is
fully
charged
and
capable
of
holding
acharge
.
Check
that
the
battery
terminals
are
clean
and
tight
and
the
al-
ternator
drive
belt
is
properly
tensioned
and
not
severely
worn
.
Charging
system,
checking
CAUTION-
Do
not
disconnect
the
battery
while
the
engine
is
running,
.
Damage
to
the
alternator
andlorengine
electronic
systems
may
result
.
1.
Turn
ignition
key
on
.
Check
that
the
chargewarning
lamp
comes
on
.
NOTE-
If
the
warning
light
does
not
come
on,
repair
any
wiring
or
bulb
faults
before
continuing
to
check
the
charging
system
.
Page 141 of 759
2
.
Remove
cooling
duct
or
terminal
cover
from
rear
of
al-
2
.
Remove
air
cleaner
upper
section
with
mass
air
flow
ternator
.
sensor
.
3
.
Check
for
battery
voltage
between
ground
and
terminal
3
.
Remove
terminal
cover
from
rear
of
alternator
.
Discon
B+
at
back
of
alternator
.
Then
turn
ignition
on
and
nect
wiring
.
check
for
battery
voltage
between
terminal
D+
and
ground
.
See
Fig
.
3
.
lf
voltage
is
not
present
at
either
4
.
Remove
drive
belt
from
alternator
pulley
.
See
020
point,
check
wiring
for
faults
.
Maintenance
program
.
001
¡987
Fig
.
3
.
Terminal
B+
is
supplied
battery
voltage
directly
from
the
bat-
tery
.
Terminal
D+
is
supplied
battery
voltage
via
the
charge
warning
bulb
when
thekey
is
on
or
the
engine
is
running
.
4
.
lf
no
faults
are
foundup
to
thispoint,test
alternator
out-
put
using
a
load
tester
.
5
.
If
a
load
tester
is
not
available,
a
crude
output
test
can
be
done
by
running
engine
at
about
2000
rpmand
turn-
ing
on
electrical
loads
(fans,
lights
and
rear
window
de-
froster,
wipers)
.
With
al¡
accessories
on,
battery
voltage
should
be
above
12
.0
VDC
.
A
replacement
alternator
should
have
the
same
rating
as
the
original
.
Alternator
manufacturer
and
ampere
rating
are
normally
marked
on
the
alternator
housing
.
1
.
Disconnect
negative
(-)
battery
cable
.
CAUTION-
Prior
to
disconnecting
the
battery,
read
the
battery
disconnection
cautions
given
at
the
front
of
this
manual
on
page
vi¡¡
.
BATTERY,
STARTER,
ALTERNATOR
121-
5
6
.
Remove
upper
and
lower
mounting
bolts
and
lift
out
al-
ternator
.
See
Fig
.
4
.
NOTE
-
If
reusing
drive
belt,
mark
direction
of
rotation
on
belt
before
removing
.
5
.
On
M44
engine
with
hydraulic
belt
tensioner
:
Remove
tensioner
idler
pulley
(upper
roller)
from
alternator
bracket
.
Fig
.
4
.
Alternator
mounting
bolts
(arrows)
.
O
u
J
S
v~~
U
I
1
i
n
-12
.22
Alternator,
removing
and
installing
7
.
Installation
is
reverse
of
removal
.
Install
drive
belt
as
(4-cylinder
engine)
described
in
020
Maintenance
Program
.
Tightening
Torques
"
D+
vire
to
alternator
(M6
nut)
.
...
.
.
.
7
Nm
(53
in-lb)
"
B+
wire
to
alternator
(M8
nut)
..
.
.
.
.
.
13
Nm
(10
ft-Ib)
"
Pulley
to
alternator
(M16
nut)
...
..
..
60
Nm
(44
ft-Ib)
ALTERNATOR
SERVICE
Page 142 of 759
121-
6
BATTERY
STARTER,
ALTERNATOR
Alternator,
removing
and
installing
(6-cylinder
engine)
A
replacement
alternator
should
have
the
same
rating
as
the
original
.
Alternator
manufacturer
and
ampere
rating
are
normally
marked
on
the
alternator
housing
.
1
.
Disconnect
negative
(-)
battery
cable
.
CAUTION-
Prior
to
disconnectiog
the
battery,
read
the
battery
disconnection
cautions
given
at
the
front
of
this
manual
onpage
viii
.
2
.
Remove
alternator
cooling
duct
and
air
filter
housing
assembly
from
car
.
Disconnect
wiring
from
rear
of
alter-
nator
.
3
.
Remove
radiator
cooling
fan
and
fan
shroud
.
See
170
Radiator
and
Cooling
System
.
4
.
Remove
alternator
drive
belt
from
alternator
pulley
.
On
engines
with
hydraulic
belt
tensioner,
remove
tensioner
idler
pulley
(upper
roller)
from
alternator
bracket
.
See
Fig
.
5
.
ALTERNATOR
SERVICE
Fig
.
5
.
Pry
off
cover
from
tensioner
and
then
lever
tensioner
clock-
wise
to
release
belt
tension
.
Remove
upper
roller
(A)
once
belt
ís
removed
.
NOTE-
If
reusing
drive
belt,
mark
direction
of
rotation
on
belt
before
removing
.
5
.
Remove
upper
and
lower
mounting
bolts
and
lift
out
al-
ternator
.
6
.
Installation
is
reverse
of
removal
.
Note
locating
notches
on
tensioner
idler
pulley
(upper
roller)
alternator
brack-
et
when
installing
pulley
.
Tightening
Torques
"
D+
wire
to
alternator
(M6
nut)
.......
7
Nm
(53
in-lb)
"
B+
wireto
alternator
(M8
nut)
.......
13
Nm
(10
ft-Ib)
"
Pulley
to
alternator
(M16
nut)
.......
60
Nm
(44
ft-Ib)
Voltage
regulator,
removing
and
installing
1
.
Disconnect
negative
(-)
cable
from
battery
.
NOTE-
2
.
Remove
alternator
as
described
earlier
.
The
radiator
cooling
fan
nut
(32
mm
wrench)has
left-
hand
threads
.
3
.
Remove
cooling
duct
from
rear
of
alternator
.
See
Fig
.
6
.
Alternator
.
.g-
p~
J
-..
.
Fig
.
6
.
Alternator
assemblyand
related
parts
.
Cooling
duct
0012524
4
.
Remove
voltage
regulator
mounting
screws
and
re-
move
regulator
from
alternator
.
5
.
Installation
is
reverse
of
removal
.
Clean
brush
contact
surfaces
in
alternator
and
check
brush
length
asde-
scribed
later
.
Page 143 of 759
Alternator
brushes,
STARTER
SERVICE
inspecting
and
replacing
Regulator
brushesarenot
available
as
replacement
parts
from
BMW
.
Replacement
brushes
may
be
available
from
af-
termarket
sources,
however
.
1
.
Remove
voltage
regulator
as
described
above
.
2
.
Clean
brush
contact
sürfaces
and
measure
brush
pro-trusion
.
See
Fig
.
7
.
Check
for
battery
voltage
at
terminal
50
of
the
starter
motor
Fig
.
7
.
Regulator
brush
protrusion
(A)
.
with
the
key
in
the
start
position
.
See
Fig
.
8
.
If
voltage
is
not
present,
check
the
wiring
between
the
ignition
switch
and
the
starter
terminal
.
If
voltage
is
present
and
no
other
visible
wir
Voltage
Regulator
ing
faults
can
be
found,
the
problem
is
most
likely
interna¡in
"
Brush
protrusion
(minimum)
.......
.
..
5
mm
(
1
/4
in
.)
the
starter
motor
.
3
.
To
replace
brushes,
carefully
and
as
quickly
as
possi-
ble,
unsolder
brush
lead
from
brush
holder
termina¡,
withdrawing
brush
from
holder
at
same
time
.
4
.
Remove
any
traces
of
solder
frombrush
holder
termi-
nal
using
solder
wick
.
5
.
Fit
spring
into
brush
holder
and
inserí
new
brush
.
6
.
Guide
brush
lead
into
terminal
and
solder
into
place
.
Check
for
free
movement
of
brushes
when
solder
cools
.
7
.
Check
brush
slip
rings
in
alternator
for
wear
.
Lightly
clean
slip
rings
using
fine
abrasive
cloth
.
BATTERY,
STARTER,
ALTERNATOR
121-
7
Starter
Troubleshooting
If
the
starter
tucos
the
engine
slowlyor
fails
to
operate
when
the
ignition
isin
the
start
position,
check
the
battery
first
.
In-
spect
the
starter
wires,
terminals,
and
ground
connections
for
good
contact
.
In
particular,
make
sure
the
ground
connections
between
the
battery,
the
body
and
the
engine
are
completely
clean
and
tight
.
If
no
faults
can
be
found,
the
starter
may
be
faulty
and
should
be
replaced
.
NOTE
-
"
Starting
in1194,
a
factory-installed
drive-away
protec-
tion
system,
alsoreferred
to
as
EWS
or
EWS
11,
was
used
on
all
E36
cars
.
This
system
prevenís
operation
of
the
starter
when
the
system
is
engaged
.
See
515
Central
Locking
and
Anti-theft
.
"
On
cars
with
automatic
transmission,
a
starter
relay
and
a
neutral
safetyswitchare
used
to
present
theen-
ginefrom
starting
in
gear
positions
other
than
park
or
neutral
.
ff
voltage
is
not
present
atterminal
50
with
the
key
in
the
startposition,
check
these
components
To
make
the
most
accurate
check
of
the
battery
cables
and
starterwiring,
make
a
voltage
drop
test
on
the
cables
and
wir-
ing
as
described
in
600
Electrical
System-General
.
Terminal
30
'
\
/
Terminal
30h
0012518
8
.
Reinstall
regulator
and
alternator
.
Fig
.
8
.
Typical
starterwiring
terminal
identification
.
Large
wireat
ter-
minal
30
is
direct
battery
voltage
.
Smaller
wire
at
terminal
50
operates
starter
solenoid
via
ignition
switch
.
STARTER
SERVICE