BMW M5 2020 ΟΔΗΓΌΣ ΧΡΉΣΗΣ (in Greek)
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'xidyf\_bcb\wRgw _o`b sawfbhnd , gs bcbRs
ojbh` jsds]gyd\fgwR le sfis^p u\s gy fgwdolfy fgb cdbf]ois^b .'x>sgn gy` bvpuyfy _y` jdyf\_bcb\wRgw
sawfbhnd , c .j . _sa\^nd\s .
T`svRc^lfy _wfsRbh
cdbf]ois^bh
V\s `s tw^g\lzwR y bdsgogygs cdbe gs cRfl gb
_wfsRb cdbf]ois^b _cbdwR `s v\c^lzwR cdbe gs cRfl . W\c^qfgw gb cdbf]ois^b cdbe gs cRfl_o`b s` fgb _wfsRb ]nz\f_s vw` wc\tsR`w\ ngb_b .
'xcdbe gs cRfl : csgpfgw gb c^p]gdb , to^be 1 ,
]s\ v\c^qfgw gb cdbf]ois^b cdbe gs cRfl .'xcdbe gs _cdbfgn : W\c^qfgw gs cdbf]ois^s _ojd\ god_s cdbe gs _cdbfgn . hdb`gRfgw
qfgw gb cdbf]ois^b `s sfis^Rfw\ flfgn .
dpz_\fy pkbhe
fs walgwd\]n cdbf]ois^s _cbdbp` `s dhz_\j
fgbp` fgb pkbe .
'xcdbe gs ]ngl : csgpfgw gb c^p]gdb , to^be 1 ]s\ fcdqagw gb cdbf]ois^b cdbe gs ]ngl .'xcdbe gs cn`l : T`wtnfgw gb cdbf]ois^b .@wgn gy dpz_\fy gbh pkbhe twts\lzwRgw , og\ gb
cdbf]ois^b sfis^Rxw\ flfgn .
TisRdwfy @w fpfgy_s iodglfye s`g\]w\_o`l` _wun^bh
_p]bhe :
fs walgwd\]n cdbf]ois^s _cbdbp` `s sis\dwj zbp` . Tis\dofgw gb cdbf]ois^b _o`b s` fgbs`gRfgb\jb ]nz\f_s vw` wc\tsR`w\ ngb_b . 1 .T`sv\c^qfgw gy` s`gRfgb\jy c^ngy cRfl ]szRjf_sgbe , t^ocw fw^Rvs 3 1 0 . 2 .T`wtnfgw gb cdbf]ois^b _ojd\ gb fy_wRb
s`gRfgsfye . 3 .csgpfgw gb c^p]gdb , to^be 1 , ]s\ gdstpagw
gb cdbf]ois^b w`gw^qe cdbe gs oal .
fbcbzogyfy
V\s gy` gbcbzogyfy gl` cdbf]ois^l` w]gw^ofgwgs tp_sgs _w gy` s`gRfgdbiy fw\dn .
@wgn gy` gbcbzogyfy twts\lzwRgw og\ gb cdbj
f]ois^b sfis^Rxw\ flfgn .
Xalgwd\]bR ]szdoigwe
Vw`\]n Z dpz_\fy ]szdoigy u\s gb gdojb` jdyf\_bjcb\bp_w`b cdbiR^ bvyubp scbzy]wpwgs\ . Pgs`wc\^ouwgs\ o`s cdbiR^ bvyubp , y scbzy]wh_o`yzofy w_is`Rxwgs\ shgo_sgs .
Z gdojbhfs zofy gbh walgwd\]bp ]szdoigy _cbdwR `s scbzy]whgwR _w gy ^w\gbhduRs _`p_ye .
S e i t e 1 2 1>T[Rf_TgT , ]T[doigZe ]T\ g\_o`\iX=d=efZd=T 1 2 1
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gcovw\ay sfis^wRse
cdbX=Wbcb=ZeZ
fs ]sgbcgd\xo_w`s s`g\]wR_w`s tdRf]b`gs\ c\b
]b`gn sco ofb isR`b`gs\ . Z scofgsfy sco
s]b^bhzbp_w`bhe fh__wgojb`gwe fgy` ]h]^bj
ibdRs zs _cbdbpfw `s w]g\_yzwR wfis^_o`s ,
c .j . ]sgn gy` s^^sup ^ldRvse . gcndjw\ ]R`vhj
`be sghjp_sgbe . X]g\_pfgw gy` scofgsfy sco
gs s]b^bhzbp_w`s bjp_sgs ]b\gq`gse cn`l
sco gb` q_b .
Xc\f]ocyfy
1dpz_\fy 2Xc\^bup ]szdoigy , shgb_sg\f_oe ]dsfcovbh 3WRc^l_s ]s\ awvRc^l_s
Z^w]gd\]p dpz_\fy
csgpfgw gb c^p]gdb .
b wc\^wu_o`be ]szdoigye ]\`wRgs\ s`nj
^bus _w gy` ]R`yfy gbh c^p]gdbh .
Xc\^bup ]szdoigy T^^sup fw n^^b` ]szdoigy :
kzpfgw gb v\s]ocgy .
U^nty ^w\gbhduRse ew cwdRcglfy y^w]gd\]pe t^ntye dhz_Rfgw gb`
]szdoigy c\oxb`gse cn`l fgs n]ds gbh ]dpj fgs^^bh gbh ]szdoigy .
WRc^l_s ]s\ awvRc^l_s
gcovw\ay
T`n^bus _w gb c^ngbe gbh shgb]\`pgbh gb shj gb]R`ygb _cbdwR `s hcbfgwR xy_\n fgs shgoj
_sgs c^h`gpd\s . gcndjw\ ]R`vh`be h^\]q` xyj
_\q` . cd\` sco gb c^pf\_b ]^wRfgw _w gb jod\ p
_w gb c^p]gdb gbhe ]szdocgwe .
csgpfgw gb c^p]gdb .
fb vRc^l_s wR`s\ vh`sgo _ojd\ _\s gsjpgygs cwd . 2 0 k m / h .
fb vRc^l_s ]s\ awvRc^l_s gl` ]szdwigq`
tbyzn fg\e csds]ngl cwd\cgqfw\e :
'xew shgo_sgs c^h`gpd\s shgb]\`pgl` .'xew fgw`bpe vdo_bhe .
b\ v\c^l_o`b\ ]szdoigwe s`sv\c^q`b`gs\ shgoj
_sgs fw gsjpgygs cwd . 4 0 k m / h .
Thgo_sgy zod_s`fy
b\ vpb walgwd\]bR ]szdocgwe zwd_sR`b`gs\ shj
go_sgs fw cwdRcglfy s`nu]ye ]s\ ogs` wR`s\
w`wdubcb\y_o`y y wgb\_ogygs bvpuyfye .
Thgo_sgye f]Rsfye
b walgwd\]oe ]szdoigye fgy` c^whdn gbh bvyj
ubp f]\nxwgs\ shgo_sgs . V\s gb` o^wujb hcndj jbh` ilgb]pggsds fgb` wflgwd\]o ]szdoigy ,t^ocw fw^Rvs 1 2 3 .
Thgb_sg\f_oe ]dsfcovbh ,
walgwd\]bR ]szdoigwe
Tdjp ^w\gbhduRse @w wc\^wu_o`y oc\fzw` gb ]dpfgs^^b gbh ]szdojcgy fgy` c^whdn fh`bvyubp uod`w\ cdbe gs]ngl . Mgf\ tw^g\q`wgs\ y bdsgogygs c .j . ]sgn gbcsd]nd\f_s fgb ]dnfcwvb gbh cwxbvdb_Rbh pfw n^^s js_y^n w_cov\s .
S e i t e 1 2 2iX=d=efZd=T>T[Rf_TgT , ]T[doigZe ]T\ g\_o`\ 1 2 2
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X`wdubcbRyfy 1 . kzpfgw gb v\s]ocgy fgy zofy gbh
]szdocgy bvyubp . 2 .Xc\^oagw gy zofy gbh wc\^buos R .
@w ]sgw\^y__o`b dwh_sgbvogy gdo\^wd b shgbj _sg\f_oe ]dsfcovbh wR`s\ scw`wdubcb\y_o`be .
Tcw`wdubcbRyfykzpfgw gb v\s]ocgy fgy zofy gbh ]szdocgy
fh`bvyubp .
Xflgwd\]oe ]szdoigye
Vw`\]n
b wflgwd\]oe ]szdoigye f]\nxwgs\ shgo_sgs .
V\s gb` o^wujb jdyf\_wpbh` ilgb]pggsds :
'xegb` ]dpfgs^^b gbh ]szdoigy .'xegy` cRfl c^whdn gbh ]szdoigy .
Xc\f]ocyfy
cdbncbzofw\e ^w\gbhduRse
'x>dsgngw gs ilgb]pggsds ]szsdn .'x@y` ]s^pcgwgw gy` cwd\bjp _wgsap wflgwd\j
]bp ]szdoigy ]s\ csd_cdRx .f\_o`\
gcovw\ay sfis^wRse
cdbX=Wbcb=ZeZ
Pgs` gb g\_o`\ dhz_Rxwgs\ ]sgn gy v\nd]w\s gye bvpuyfye _cbdwR `s cdb]^yzbp` scdof_w`we
]\`pfw\e gbh g\_b`\bp . @cbdwR `s jnfwgw gb`
o^wujb gbh shgb]\`pgbh . gcndjw\ ]R`vh`be sghj
jp_sgbe . dhz_Rxwgw gb g\_o`\ _o`b ogs` gb shj gb]R`ygb wR`s\ fgs_sgy_o`b .
Z^w]gd\]p dpz_\fy gbh g\_b`\bp
Vw`\]n
Z dpz_\fy g\_b`\bp scbzy]wpwgs\ u\s gb gdojb`
jdyf\_bcb\bp_w`b cdbiR^ bvyubp . Pgs` ojw\ wc\j ^wuwR o`s cdbiR^ bvyubp , y zofy wc\^ouwgs\ shjgo_sgs ]sgn gy` w`wdubcbRyfy gye wgb\_ogygsebvpuyfye .
Z gdojbhfs zofy gbh g\_b`\bp _cbdwR `s scbzyj
]whgwR _w gy ^w\gbhduRs _`p_ye .
dpz_\fy
cdbfsd_ofgw gb g\_o`\ ]sgn _p]be ]s\ pkbe gyezofye ]szRf_sgbe csgq`gse gb` v\s]ocgy .
Xp]b^y wc\tRtsfy /scbtRtsfy
fb g\_o`\ _wgs]\`wRgs\ cdbfld\`n fgy` s`qgwdy
zofy , u\s gy v\wh]o^h`fy gye wc\tRtsfye ]s\ scbtRtsfye .
S e i t e 1 2 3>T[Rf_TgT , ]T[doigZe ]T\ g\_o`\iX=d=efZd=T 1 2 3
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<od_s`fy g\_b`\bp
Xc\f]ocyfy
c^p]gdb u\s gy zod_s`fy g\_b`\bp
X`wdubcbRyfy /scw`wdubcbRyfy csgpfgw gb c^p]gdb .
X_is`Rxwgs\ o`s _p`h_s _b`nvse ]w`j
gd\]bp w^oujbh ( C h e c k C o n t r o l ) .
T` _wgn sco _\s w`v\n_wfy fgnfy y v\svdb_p
fh`wj\fgwR _ofs fw cwd . 1 5 ^wcgn , y zod_s`fy g\j
_b`\bp w`wdubcb\wRgs\ shgo_sgs , ogs` y ^w\gbhdjuRs pgs` w`wdubcb\y_o`y fgb go^be gye gw^whjgsRse v\svdb_pe .
?w\gbhduRs _`p_ye
Tdjp ^w\gbhduRse@w gy ^w\gbhduRs _`p_ye _cbdbp` `s scbzy]whj
gbp` b\ csds]ngl dhz_Rfw\e ]s\ s` jdw\sfgwR `s wc\^wubp` :
'x[ofy ]szRf_sgbe .'x[ofy walgwd\]q` ]szdwigq` .'x[ofy g\_b`\bp .'xQkbe gye bzo`ye H e a d - U p .
Vw`\]n
T`n cdbiR^ bvyubp _cbdbp` `s w]jldyzbp` vpbzofw\e scbzp]whfye _w v\sibdwg\]oe dhz_Rfw\e .
b\ csds]ngl dhz_Rfw\e vw` scbzy]wpb`gs\ :
'xc^ngbe c^ngye ]szRf_sgbe .'xgcbfgpd\ay bfihm]pe jqdse .
gcbvwRaw\e sfis^wRse
cdbX=Wbcb=ZeZ
Pgs` y ^w\gbhduRs _`p_ye jdyf\_bcb\wRgs\ ]sgn
gy v\nd]w\s gye bvpuyfye _cbdwR `s cdb]^yj
zbp` scdof_w`we ]\`pfw\e gbh ]szRf_sgbe p gbh g\_b`\bp . @cbdwR `s jnfwgw gb` o^wujb gbh
shgb]\`pgbh . gcndjw\ ]R`vh`be sghjp_sgbe .
idyf\_bcb\wRgw gy ^w\gbhduRs _`p_ye _o`b fw
fgnfy .
cdbX=Wbcb=ZeZ
>sgn gy` ]R`yfy gl` ]sz\f_ngl` hcndjw\ ]R`j
vh`be csuRvwhfye gl` vs]gp^l` . gcndjw\ ]R`j vh`be gdsh_sg\f_bp p ]R`vh`be h^\]q` xy_\q` .cd\` sco gy dpz_\fy twts\lzwRgw , og\ y cwd\bjp
]R`yfye gbh ]szRf_sgbe wR`s\ w^wpzwdy .
Xc\f]ocyfy
fs c^p]gds M e m o r y tdRf]b`gs\ fg\e _cdbfg\`oe codgwe .
Tcbzp]whfy fgy _`p_y
1 .dhz_Rfgw gy` wc\zh_ygp zofy . 2 . csgpfgw gb c^p]gdb . Z wc\udsip
fgb c^p]gdb s`ntw\ . 3 .csgpfgw gb wc\zh_ygo c^p]gdb 1 p 2 , ofb wRj
`s\ s`s__o`y y wc\udsip . ZjwR o`s fp_s . S e i t e 1 2 4iX=d=efZd=T>T[Rf_TgT , ]T[doigZe ]T\ g\_o`\ 1 2 4
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>^pfycsgpfgw gb wc\zh_ygo c^p]gdb 1 p 2 .
Z scbzy]wh_o`y zofy s`s]s^wRgs\ .
Z v\sv\]sfRs v\s]ocgwgs\ , ogs` csgyzwR o`se
v\s]ocgye gye dpz_\fye ]szRf_sgbe p csgyzwR as`n o`s sco gs c^p]gds M e m o r y .
Z dpz_\fy gye zofye ]szRf_sgbe fgy` c^whdn
bvyubp v\s]ocgwgs\ ]sgn gy` bvpuyfy _wgn sco
fp`gb_b jdb`\]o v\nfgy_s .
?w\gbhduRs _sfnx
Tdjp ^w\gbhduRse Z ^w\gbhduRs _sfnx idb`gRxw\ s`n^bus _w gbcdouds__s u\s gy js^ndlfy ]s\ ]s^pgwdy s\_nj
glfy gbh _hm]bp fhfgp_sgbe ]s\ _cbdwR `s scbj
gdokw\ gs fh_cgq_sgs ]oclfye .
Vw`\]n @cbdwRgw `s wc\^oawgw s`n_wfs fw b]gq v\sibj
dwg\]n cdbudn__sgs _sfnx :
'xX`wdubcbRyfy ^w]n`ye .'xX`wdubcbRyfy n`l fq_sgbe .'xX`wdubcbRyfy b^o]^ydbh gbh fq_sgbe .'x@sfnx c^ngye .'x@sfnx q_l` .'x@sfnx bfihm]pe jqdse .'xX]up_`sfy n`l fq_sgbe .'xX]up_`sfy o^bh gbh fq_sgbe .
Xc\f]ocyfy
?w\gbhduRs _sfnx
X`wdubcbRyfy csgpfgw gb c^p]gdb _Rs ibdn s`n wcRjcwvb o`gsfye .
egb hky^ogwdb wcRcwvb o`gsfye s`ntbh` gdw\e
ilgbvRbvb\ ( L E D ) .
Tcw`wdubcbRyfy >dsgpfgw csgy_o`b gb c^p]gdb , _ojd\`s ftpfbh` b\ L E D .
dpz_\fy cdbudn__sgbe _sfnx @ofl gbh i D r i v e : 1 . C A R 2 . dhz_Rfw\e 3 . K`wfy ]sz\f_ngl` 4 .Xc\^oagw gb wc\zh_ygo ]nz\f_s . 5 . @sfnx ]szRf_sgbe 6 .Xc\^oagw gy` wc\zh_ygp dpz_\fy .
<od_s`fy ]szRf_sgbe
Xc\f]ocyfy
@cdbfgn
[od_s`fy ]szRf_sgbe
S e i t e 1 2 5>T[Rf_TgT , ]T[doigZe ]T\ g\_o`\iX=d=efZd=T 1 2 5
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cRfl
[od_s`fy ]szRf_sgbe
X`wdubcbRyfy csgpfgw gb c^p]gdb _\s ibdn s`n tszj_Rvs zwd_b]dsfRse .
egy` hky^ogwdy zwd_b]dsfRs s`ntbh` gdw\e ilgbvRbvb\ ( L E D ) .
Xn` y bvpuyfy fh`wj\fgwR _wgn sco _\s w`v\nj _wfy fgnfy w`goe cwd . 1 5 ^wcgq` , w`wdubcb\wRgs\ shgo_sgs y zod_s`fy ]szRf_sgbe _w gy` c\bcdofisgs dhz_\f_o`y zwd_b]dsfRs .
Tcw`wdubcbRyfy >dsgpfgw csgy_o`b gb c^p]gdb , _ojd\`s ftpfw\ y o`vw\ay dntvbh fgy` bzo`y
]^\_sg\f_bp .
>sgs`b_p zod_s`fye
]szRf_sgbe
Z ]sgs`b_p gye zod_s`fye gye ovdse ]s\ gye
c^ngye gbh ]szRf_sgbe _cbdwR `s v\siodbh` .
@ofl gbh i D r i v e :
1 . C A R 2 . dhz_Rfw\e 3 . K`wfy ]^\_sg\f_bp 4 .Xc\^oagw gb wc\zh_ygo zo_s gbh _w`bp : 5 .Xc\^oagw gb wc\zh_ygo ]nz\f_s . 6 .csgpfgw ]s\ cwd\fgdokgw gb ]w`gd\]o jw\d\jfgpd\b , u\s `s dhz_Rfwgw gy` ]sgs`b_p gye
zod_s`fye ]szRf_sgbe .
X`wduoe swd\f_oe
]szRf_sgbe
Tdjp ^w\gbhduRse X`fl_sgl_o`b\ s`w_\fgpdwe fg\e wc\in`w\we gl`]sz\f_ngl` ]s\ gl` c^sgq` wasfis^Rxbh` o`s`
whjnd\fgb ]^\_sg\f_o ]szRf_sgbe .
Xc\f]ocyfy
X`wduoe swd\f_oe ]szRf_sgbe
X`wdubcbRyfy csgpfgw gb c^p]gdb _\s ibdn s`n tszj_Rvs swd\f_bp .
egy` hky^ogwdy zwd_b]dsfRs s`ntbh` gdw\e ilgbvRbvb\ ( L E D ) .
@wgn sco ^Rub y o`gsfy _w\q`wgs\ shgo_sgs
]sgn _Rs tsz_Rvs .
Tcw`wdubcbRyfy >dsgpfgw csgy_o`b gb c^p]gdb , _ojd\
`s ftpfw\ y o`vw\ay dntvbh fgy` bzo`y
]^\_sg\f_bp .
S e i t e 1 2 6iX=d=efZd=T>T[Rf_TgT , ]T[doigZe ]T\ g\_o`\ 1 2 6
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Xasgb_\]wh_o`yw`wdubcbRyfy
Tdjp ^w\gbhduRse bd\f_o`we ^w\gbhduRwe zod_s`fye ]s\ kpaye_cbdbp` `s w`wdubcb\yzbp` shgo_sgs s`n^bus_w gy` walgwd\]p zwd_b]dsfRs .
Vw`\]n @ofl i D r i v e _cbdwR `s dhz_\fgwR , sco cb\s waljgwd\]p zwd_b]dsfRs zs w`wdubcb\bp`gs\ shgoj
_sgs b\ ^w\gbhduRwe .
Z w`wdubcbRyfy cdsu_sgbcb\wRgs\ ogs` y walgwj d\]p zwd_b]dsfRs shan`wgs\ cn`l sco p _w\q`wj
gs\ ]ngl sco gy dhz_\f_o`y zwd_b]dsfRs fgs
cdqgs 2 ^wcgn _wgn gy` w`wdubcbRyfy gye wgb\j
_ogygse bvpuyfye . @wgn gy` s^^sup gl` dhz_Rj
fwl` cdsu_sgbcb\wRgs\ _Rs `os dpz_\fy .
T`s^oule gbh wabc^\f_bp _cbdbp` `s w`wdubj
cb\yzbp` shgo_sgs b\ csds]ngl ^w\gbhduRwe :
'x[od_s`fy ]szRf_sgbe .'x[od_s`fy g\_b`\bp .'xTwd\f_oe ]szRf_sgbe .
Xn` y bvpuyfy fh`wj\fgwR _wgn sco _\s w`v\nj
_wfy fgnfy w`goe cwd . 1 5 ^wcgq` , w`wdubcb\bpj `gs\ shgo_sgs b\ ^w\gbhduRwe _w gy` c\b cdojfisgs dhz_\f_o`y zwd_b]dsfRs .
cdbncozwfy ^w\gbhduRse
Z xq`y sfis^wRse gbh s`gRfgb\jbh ]szRf_sgbe
wR`s\ ]^w\fgp .
X`wdubcbRyfy /scw`wdubcbRyfy @ofl gbh i D r i v e :
1 . C A R 2 . dhz_Rfw\e 3 . K`wfy ]^\_sg\f_bp 4 .Xc\^bup fgb\jwRbh _w`bp :'x X`wdu . zod_s`fye g\_b`\bp 'x [od_s`fy ]sz\f_ngl` 'x [od_s`fy ]sz\f_ngl` ]s\ g\_b`\bp 'x >^\_sg\f_oe ]sz\f_ngl` 'x >^\_sg . ]sz\f_ . ]s\ zod_ . g\_b`\bp 5 .Xc\^oagw gb wc\zh_ygo ]nz\f_s . 6 .Xc\^oagw gb fgb\jwRb _w`bp gye wc\zh_ygpe^w\gbhduRse . 7 .dhz_Rfgw gy` walgwd\]p zwd_b]dsfRs , scogy` bcbRs zs w`wdubcb\wRgs\ y ^w\gbhduRs . 8 .X`vwjb_o`le dhz_Rfgw gy` wc\zh_ygp tszj_Rvs . S e i t e 1 2 7>T[Rf_TgT , ]T[doigZe ]T\ g\_o`\iX=d=efZd=T 1 2 7
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@wgsibdn cs\v\q` _w sfin^w\sXabc^\f_oe shgb]\`pgbh
egb csdo` ]win^s\b cwd\udnib`gs\ o^b\ b\ tsf\j
]bR wabc^\f_bR , b\ wabc^\f_bR v\sibdwg\]q` jldq` ]szqe ]s\ b\ w\v\]bR wabc^\f_bR , b\ bcbRb\ cdbfiojdb`gs\ fgy fw\dn _b`go^l` . Xcb_o`le , cwd\udnj
ib`gs\ wcRfye wabc^\f_bR ]s\ ^w\gbhduRwe cbh vw` v\sgRzw`gs\ fw o`s shgb]R`ygb c .j . ^oul gbh wc\j
^wu_o`bh w\v\]bp wabc^\f_bp p gye o]vbfye u\s
gy` w]nfgbgw jqds . Thgo \fjpw\ wcRfye u\s ^w\j gbhduRwe ]s\ fhfgp_sgs cbh fjwgRxb`gs\ _w gy`
sfin^w\s . >sgn gy jdpfy gl` s`gRfgb\jl` ^w\j
gbhdu\q` ]s\ fhfgy_ngl` cdocw\ `s gydbp`gs\ b\ w]nfgbgw \fjpb`gwe `o_b\ ]s\ ]s`b`\f_bR .
Z flfgp zofy u\s gscs\v\n
gcovw\ay sfis^wRse
cdbX=Wbcb=ZeZ
T`wcRt^wcgs cs\v\n p xqs fgb shgb]R`ygb _cbj dwR `s zofbh` gb shgb]R`ygb fw ]R`yfy _w scbjgo^wf_s `s ]\`vh`okbh` shgn p y ]h]^bibdRs ,
c .j . sco g\e s]o^bhzwe w`oduw\we :
'xcngy_s gbh ]bh_c\bp w]]R`yfye /v\s]bj
cpe .'x?pf\_b gbh ido`bh fgnz_whfye .'xK`b\u_s ]s\ ]^wRf\_b cbdgq` p csdszpj
dl` .'xXc\^bup gye zofye gbh wc\^buos N .'xiw\d\f_oe wabc^\f_q` gbh shgb]\`pgbh .
gcndjw\ ]R`vh`be sghjp_sgbe p gdsh_sg\f_bp . @y` sip`wgw cs\v\n p xqs s`wc\gpdygs _ofs
fgb shgb]R`ygb . >sgn gy` oabvb sco gb shgb]Rj
`ygb cndgw _sxR fse gb ]^w\vR bjp_sgbe ]s\
]^w\vqfgw gb shgb]R`ygb .
fs cs\v\n cdocw\ `s ]nzb`gs\
cn`gs fgb cRfl ]nz\f_s
Vw`\]n
Z odwh`s sghjy_ngl` ojw\ vwRaw\ og\ y c\b sfisj ^pe zofy u\s gs cs\v\n wR`s\ gb cRfl ]nz\f_s .
cs\v\n cbh wR`s\ _\]dogwds sco 1 2 ogy p ojbh`
pkbe ]ngl sco 1 5 0 c m cdocw\ `s _wgsiodb`gs\ _o`b fgb cRfl ]nz\f_s fw ]sgn^^y^s fhfgp_sgs
cs\v\]q` ]sz\f_ngl` cbh s`g\fgb\jbp` fgy` y^\j
]Rs , gb tndbe ]s\ gb pkbe gbhe . cs\v\n n`l gl`
1 2 wgq` cdocw\ `s ibdbp` xq`y sfis^wRse , _oj
^\e o`s ]sgn^^y^b fpfgy_s cs\v\]bp ]szRf_sgbe
vw` w`vwR]`hgs\ c\s ^oul gye y^\]Rse , gbh tnj
dbhe p gbh pkbhe gbhe .
gcovw\ay sfis^wRse
cdbX=Wbcb=ZeZ
cs\v\n pkbhe ]ngl sco 1 5 0 c m vw` _cbdbp` `s gbcbzwgpfbh` flfgn gy xq`y sfis^wRsejldRe ]sgn^^y^s fhfgp_sgs cs\v\]q` ]sz\f_nj
gl` . Z cdbfgsgwhg\]p wcw`oduw\s gl` xl`q`sfis^wRse _cbdwR `s wR`s\ cwd\bd\f_o`y p csj
`gw^qe scbpfs , s` gbcbzwgyzbp` ^nzbe . @\s
^nzbe gbcbzwgy_o`y xq`y sfis^wRse _cbdwR
`s cdb]s^ofw\ cdofzwgbhe gdsh_sg\f_bpe , c .j .
fw cwdRcglfy sghjp_sgbe p fw w^\u_bpe idwj
`sdRf_sgbe ]s\ scbihupe w_cbvRbh . gcndjw\ ]R`vh`be gdsh_sg\f_bp p zs`ngbh . cs\v\npkbhe ]ngl sco 1 5 0 c m cdocw\ `s cdbfvo`bj`gs\ fw ]sgn^^y^s fhfgp_sgs cs\v\]q` ]sz\j
f_ngl` .
S e i t e 1 2 8iX=d=efZd=T@wgTibdn cT\v\q` _w Tfin^w\T 1 2 8
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cs\v\n fgb ]nz\f_s gbh
fh`bvyubp
Vw`\]n
>sgn gy jdpfy w`oe fhfgp_sgbe cs\v\]bp ]szRj f_sgbe fgb ]nz\f_s gbh fh`bvyubp cdbfoagw `s
wR`s\ scw`wdubcb\y_o`b\ b _cdbfg\`oe ]s\ c^whj
d\]oe swdofs]be fgy` c^whdn gbh fh`bvyubp .
@\s scw`wdubcbRyfy gl` swdofs]l` gbh fh`j
bvyubp wR`s\ vh`sgp _o`b _w gb` ]^w\vbv\s]ocgy
u\s gbhe swdofs]bhe gbh fh`bvyubp , t^ocw fwj
^Rvs 1 8 7 . T` vw` wR`s\ vh`sgp y scw`wdubcbRyfy
gbh swdofs]bh fh`bvyubp , _y` _wgsiodwgw cs\j v\n fgs ]sgn^^y^s fhfgp_sgs cs\v\]q` ]sz\j
f_ngl` fgy zofy gbh fh`bvyubp .
gcovw\ay sfis^wRse
cdbX=Wbcb=ZeZ
X`wdubcb\y_o`b\ swdofs]b\ fh`bvyubp _cbj
dbp` ]sgn gy` chdbvogyfy `s gdsh_sgRfbh` o`s cs\vR cbh ]nzwgs\ fw fpfgy_s cs\v\]bp ]sj
zRf_sgbe . gcndjw\ ]R`vh`be gdsh_sg\f_bp . Uwj
ts\lzwRgw og\ b\ swdofs]b\ fh`bvyubp wR`s\
scw`wdubcb\y_o`b\ ]s\ og\ y w`vw\]g\]p ^hj`Rs P A S S E N G E R A I R B A G O F F s`ntw\ .
eh`sd_b^ouyfy
fhfgy_ngl` cs\v\]q`]sz\f_ngl`
Vw`\]n
>sgn gy` wc\^bup , gbcbzogyfy ]s\ jdpfy fhfgyj _ngl` cs\v\]q` ]sz\f_ngl` gydwRgw g\e hcbvwRj aw\e jw\d\f_bp ]s\ sfis^wRse gbh ]sgsf]whsfgpgbh fhfgp_sgbe cs\v\]bp ]szRf_sgbe .
gcbvwRaw\e sfis^wRse
cdbX=Wbcb=ZeZ
ew cwdRcglfy t^ntye p ]sgsco`yfye gl` fhj
fgy_ngl` cs\v\]q` ]sz\f_ngl` ]s\ gl` s`gRj fgb\jl` fhfgy_ngl` fgwdolfye ^oul sghjpj
_sgbe _cbdwR `s cwd\bd\fgwR p `s scbhf\nxw\
cs`gw^qe y cdbfgsgwhg\]p wcw`oduw\n gbhe . M`s cs\vR vw` wR`s\ vh`sgo` `s fhu]dsgyzwRwcsd]qe , c .j . fw cwdRcglfy sghjp_sgbe p w^\uj
_q` idw`sdRf_sgbe ]s\ scbihupe w_cbvRbh .
gcndjw\ ]R`vh`be gdsh_sg\f_bp p zs`ngbh .
ehfgp_sgs cs\v\]q` ]sz\f_ngl` cbh ojbh` hcbfgwR t^nty p ]sgsco`yfy ]sgn gy v\nd]w\s
sghjp_sgbe cdocw\ `s scbfhdzbp` sco gy jdpfy .
fs fhfgp_sgs fgwdolfye cbh ojbh` hcbfgwR t^nty p ]sgsco`yfy ]sgn gy v\nd]w\s w`oe
sghjp_sgbe cdocw\ `s w^wujzbp` ]s\ `s s`g\j ]sgsfgszbp` sco o`s` fh`wdungy fodt\e gbh
]sgsf]whsfgp , o`s` n^^b` waw\v\]wh_o`b fh`j
wdungy fodt\e p o`s waw\v\]wh_o`b fh`wduwRb .
cdbX=Wbcb=ZeZ
ew cwdRcglfy ^nzbe dpz_\fye gbh ]szRf_sgbe
p ^nzbe fh`sd_b^ouyfye gbh cs\v\]bp ]szRj
f_sgbe cwd\bdRxwgs\ p scbhf\nxw\ cs`gw^qe y
fgszwdogygs gbh fhfgp_sgbe cs\v\]bp ]szRj
f_sgbe . gcndjw\ ]R`vh`be gdsh_sg\f_bp p zsj
`ngbh . Uwts\lzwRgw og\ gb fpfgy_s cs\v\]bp
]szRf_sgbe wisd_oxw\ fi\jgn fgy` c^ngy ]sj
zRf_sgbe . cdbfsd_ofgw fw o^we g\e s`gRfgb\j
jwe c^ngwe ]sz\f_ngl` ]sgn gb vh`sgo` gy`
]^Rfy gye c^ngye ]s\ dhz_Rfgw flfgn gs ]szRj
f_sgs . Uwts\lzwRgw og\ gs ]szRf_sgs ]s\ b\
c^ngwe gbhe ojbh` sfis^Rfw\ p ]^w\vqfw\ flj
fgn . T` uR`wgs\ cdbfsd_ofgw gb pkbe gbh cdbj
f]ois^bh p sis\dofgw gb .
S e i t e 1 2 9@wgTibdn cT\v\q` _w Tfin^w\TiX=d=efZd=T 1 2 9
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egb ]nz\f_s fh`bvyubpTcw`wdubcb\pfgw gbhe swdofs]bhe
cdbX=Wbcb=ZeZ
X`wdubcb\y_o`b\ swdofs]b\ fh`bvyubp _cbj
dbp` ]sgn gy` chdbvogyfy `s gdsh_sgRfbh` o`s cs\vR cbh ]nzwgs\ fw fpfgy_s cs\v\]bp ]sj
zRf_sgbe . gcndjw\ ]R`vh`be gdsh_sg\f_bp . Uwj
ts\lzwRgw og\ b\ swdofs]b\ fh`bvyubp wR`s\
scw`wdubcb\y_o`b\ ]s\ og\ y w`vw\]g\]p ^hj`Rs P A S S E N G E R A I R B A G O F F s`ntw\ .
cd\` gy fh`sd_b^ouyfy w`oe fhfgp_sgbe cs\v\j
]bp ]szRf_sgbe fgb ]nz\f_s gbh fh`bvyubp cdbfoagw `s wR`s\ scw`wdubcb\y_o`b\ b _cdbfg\j`oe ]s\ c^whd\]oe swdofs]be fgy` c^whdn gbh
fh`bvyubp . Ww` _cbdwR `s scw`wdubcb\yzwR b
swdofs]be , _y` gbcbzwgwRgw fhfgp_sgs cs\v\j
]q` ]sz\f_ngl` .
Tcw`wdubcbRyfy gl` swdofs]l` gbh fh`bvyubp
_w ]^w\vbv\s]ocgy , t^ocw fw^Rvs 1 8 7 .
ehfgp_sgs cs\v\]q` ]sz\f_ngl` gbcbzwgy_o`s cdbe gs cRfl
>=AWgAbe
X`wdubcb\y_o`b\ swdofs]b\ fh`bvyubp _cbj dbp` ]sgn gy` chdbvogyfy `s gdsh_sgRfbh` o`s cs\vR cbh ]nzwgs\ fw fgds__o`b cdbe gscRfl fpfgy_s cs\v\]bp ]szRf_sgbe . gcndjw\
]R`vh`be gdsh_sg\f_bp p zs`ngbh . Uwts\lj
zwRgw og\ b\ swdofs]b\ fh`bvyubp wR`s\ scw`wdj
ubcb\y_o`b\ ]s\ og\ y w`vw\]g\]p ^hj`Rs P A S S E N G E R A I R B A G O F F s`ntw\ .
cdbfoagw gy` hcovw\ay fgb f]\nv\b gye c^whdnegbh fh`bvyubp .
cbgo _y` jdyf\_bcb\wRgw o`s fgds__o`b cdbe gs cRfl fpfgy_s cs\v\]q` ]sz\f_ngl` fw o`s ]nz\j f_s _w w`wdubcb\y_o`b _cdbfg\`o swdofs]b ,
]szqe _cbdwR `s bvyupfw\ fw zn`sgb p fbtsj
dbpe gdsh_sg\f_bpe fgs cs\v\n .
<ofy ]s\ pkbe gbh ]szRf_sgbe cd\` gy fh`sd_b^ouyfy w`oe fhfgp_sgbe cs\v\j]bp ]szRf_sgbe uw`\]pe jdpfye , zofgw gb ]nz\jf_s gbh fh`bvyubp wiofb` uR`wgs\ fgy` c\b cRfl
zofy ]s\ gb pkbe fgy _wfsRs zofy . @w shgp` gy
zofy ]s\ gb pkbe ]szRf_sgbe wc\ghujn`wgs\ y
]s^pgwdy vh`sgp gbcbzogyfy gye xq`ye ]s\
cdbfgsfRs fw cwdRcglfy sghjp_sgbe .
Pgs` gb wcn`l fy_wRb fgwdolfye gye xq`ye
sfis^wRse tdRf]wgs\ _cdbfgn sco gb` bvyuo xq`ye gbh cs\v\]bp ]szRf_sgbe , bvyupfgw gb ]njz\f_s fh`bvyubp cdbe gs w_cdoe cdbfw]g\]n_ojd\ `s wc\gwhjzwR y \vs`\]p bvpuyfy gye xq`ye .
c^ngbe c^ngye ]szRf_sgbe
dhz_\xo_w`b c^ngbe gye c^ngye gbh ]szRf_sj
gbe : cd\` gy fh`sd_b^ouyfy w`oe fhfgp_sgbe cs\v\]bp ]szRf_sgbe fgb ]nz\f_s gbh fh`bvyj
ubp s`bRagw gy` c^ngy gbh ]szRf_sgbe fw o^b gye gb c^ngbe . @y` s^^nxwgw c^ob` gb c^ngbegye c^ngye gbh ]szRf_sgbe ]s\ _y` ]s^wRgw c\s]s_Rs zofy M e m o r y .
S e i t e 1 3 0iX=d=efZd=T@wgTibdn cT\v\q` _w Tfin^w\T 1 3 0
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