BMW X7 2021 ΟΔΗΓΌΣ ΧΡΉΣΗΣ (in Greek)
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'xb fh_c\wfgpe _cbdwR `s jdyf\_bcb\yzwR u\sgb` o^wujb gye cRwfye gl` w^sfg\]q` .
Xc\f]ocyfy
hp^say
fb fpfgy_s M o b i l i t y tdRf]wgs\ fgy zp]y ]ngl sco gb vncwvb gbh jqdbh scbf]whq` .
T`sfy]qfgw gb vncwvb jqdbh scbf]whq` .
WbjwRb h^\]bp fgwus`bcbRyfye
'xWbjwRb h^\]bp fgwus`bcbRyfye , to^be 1 .'xXp]s_cgbe fl^p`se c^pdlfye , to^be 2 .
cdbfoagw gy` y_wdb_y`Rs ^paye cn`l fgb vbj jwRb h^\]bp fgwus`bcbRyfye .
eh_c\wfgpe 1aw]^wRvl_s vbjwRbh h^\]bp fgwus`bcbRyfye 2gcbvbjp vbjwRbh h^\]bp fgwus`bcbRyfye 3M`vw\ay cRwfye w^sfg\]q` 4c^p]gdb _wRlfye cRwfye w^sfg\]q` 5W\s]ocgye w`wdubcbRyfye /scw`wdubcbRyfye 6eh_c\wfgpe 7h\e /]s^qv\b u\s cdRxs 8Xp]s_cgbe fl^p`se fp`vwfye
@ogds sfis^wRse
'xegsz_wpfgw gb shgb]R`ygb ofb uR`wgs\ c\b
_s]d\n sco gy` ]h]^bibdRs ]s\ fw fgszwdo bvofgdl_s .'xX`wdubcb\pfgw gs iqgs s`nu]ye (s^nd_ ) .'xTfis^Rfgw gb shgb]R`ygb o`s`g\ ]p^\fye ,
gdstq`gse gb ido`b fgnz_whfye .'x>^w\vqfgw gb g\_o`\ _w gbhe gdbjbpe fgy
zofy ]sgwhzwRs` w_cdoe .'xP^b\ b\ wc\tngwe cdocw\ `s scbt\tsfgbp` ]s\
`s csds_wR`bh` fw _odbe _s]d\n sco gy` wc\]R`vh`y xq`y , u\s csdnvw\u_s cRfl sco g\ecdbfgsgwhg\]oe _cndwe .'xX`vwjb_o`le gbcbzwgpfgw gb cdbw\vbcb\yjg\]o gdRul`b fw s`gRfgb\jy scofgsfy . S e i t e 4 2 1fdbjbR ]T\ w^Tfg\]n M O B I L I T Y 4 2 1
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c^pdlfy _w fgwus`bcb\yg\]o
h^\]o
gcovw\ay sfis^wRse
>=AWgAbe
ew cwdRcglfy _c^b]sd\f_o`bh fl^p`s wang_\j
fye p s`wcsd]bpe swd\f_bp _cbdwR `s w\fo^j
zbh` fgb shgb]R`ygb wc\]R`vh`s u\s gy` huwRs
]shfsod\s . fs ]shfsod\s cwd\ojbh` njdl_we
]s\ nbf_we t^stwdoe bhfRwe . ew ]^w\fgbpe jqj dbhe gs ]shfsod\s _cbdwR `s fhu]w`gdlzbp`
]s\ w]goe gbh shgb]\`pgbh . gcndjw\ ]R`vh`be
zs`ngbh . W\sgydwRgw gb fl^p`s gye wang_\fye w^wpzwdb ]s\ idb`gRfgw u\s wcsd]p waswd\f_o .
gcovw\ay
ew cwdRcglfy csdsgwgs_o`ye ^w\gbhduRse _cbj dwR `s hcwdzwd_s`zwR b fh_c\wfgpe . gcndjw\ ]R`vh`be h^\]q` xy_\q` . @y` ^w\gbhduwRgw gb
fh_c\wfgp u\s csdscn`l sco 1 0 ^wcgn .
c^pdlfy
1 .T`s]\`pfgw gb vbjwRb h^\]bp fgwus`bcbRyfye . 2 .fdstpagw gb` wp]s_cgb fl^p`se c^pdlfye
gw^wRle oal sco gb ]n^h__s gbh vbjwRbh h^\j]bp fgwus`bcbRyfye . @y` ^huRxwgw gb` wpj
]s_cgb fl^p`s . 3 .fbcbzwgpfgw gb vbjwRb fgwus`bcb\yg\]bp h^\j ]bp fgy` hcbvbjp fgb cwdRt^y_s gbh fh_c\wj
fgp , _ojd\ `s s]bhfgwR b jsds]gyd\fg\]oe
pjbe sfin^\fye . 4 .U\vqfgw gb` wp]s_cgb fl^p`s c^pdlfye gbh vbjwRbh h^\]bp fgwus`bcbRyfye fgy ts^tRvs
w^sfg\]bp gbh js^sf_o`bh gdbjbp . S e i t e 4 2 2 M O B I L I T YfdbjbR ]T\ w^Tfg\]n 4 2 2
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5 .@w scw`wdubcb\y_o`b fh_c\wfgp fh`vofgw
gb i\e fgy` cdRxs fgb wflgwd\]o gbh shgb]\j
`pgbh . 6 .ew cwdRcglfy w`wdubcb\y_o`ye wgb\_ogygse ^w\gbhduRse p wgb\_ogygse bvpuyfye w`wdubjcb\pfgw gb` fh_c\wfgp .
Tipfgw gb fh_c\wfgp `s ^w\gbhdupfw\ u\s ole 1 0 ^wcgn , u\s `s w\fjldpfw\ gb fgwus`bcb\yg\]o
h^\]o ]s\ `s wc\gwhjzwR _\s cRwfy gl` w^sfg\]q` cwdRcbh 2 , 0 b a r .
>sgn gy` c^pdlfy gbh fgwus`bcb\yg\]bp h^\]bp _cbdwR y cRwfy gbh w^sfg\]bp `s shayzwR cdbflj
d\`n _ojd\ ]s\ cwdRcbh 5 b a r . @y` scw`wdubcb\pj
fwgw gb fh_c\wfgp fw shgp gy infy .
M^wujbe ]s\ cdbfsd_bup cRwfye
c^pdlfye w^sfg\]q`
M^wujbe
1 .Tcw`wdubcb\pfgw gb fh_c\wfgp . 2 .W\stnfgw gy` cRwfy w^sfg\]q` fgy` o`vw\ay
cRwfye w^sfg\]q` .
V\s `s _cbdwRgw `s fh`wjRfwgw gy` cbdwRs , cdocw\
`s wc\gwhjzwR cRwfy w^sfg\]q` gbh^nj\fgb` 2 b a r .
TisRdwfy ]s\ ip^say vbjwRbh
h^\]bp fgwus`bcbRyfye 1 .awt\vqfgw gb` wp]s_cgb fl^p`s c^pdlfye gbh vbjwRbh h^\]bp fgwus`bcbRyfye sco gy
ts^tRvs w^sfg\]bp . 2 .c\ofgw gb ]o]]\`b fgb\jwRb scsfin^\fye . 3 .Tis\dofgw gb vbjwRb h^\]bp fgwus`bcbRyfye sco gb fh_c\wfgp . 4 .ehf]whnfgw ]s\ scbzy]wpfgw gb nvw\b vbjjwRb h^\]bp fgwus`bcbRyfye u\s `s scbiwhj
jzbp` dpcb\ fgb` jqdb scbf]whq` .
Z w^nj\fgy cRwfy w^sfg\]bp vw`
wc\ghujn`wgs\
1 .Tis\dofgw gb i\e sco gy` cdRxs fgb` wflgwj
d\]o jqdb gbh shgb]\`pgbh . 2 .bvyupfgw cdbe gs w_cdoe ]s\ cRfl 1 0 m , u\s
`s ]sgs`wR_wgw gb h^\]o fgwus`bcbRyfye _ofs fgb w^sfg\]o . 3 .U\vqfgw gb` wp]s_cgb fl^p`s fp`vwfye gbhfh_c\wfgp ]sgwhzwRs` wcn`l fgy ts^tRvs
gbh w^sfg\]bp . 4 .eh`vofgw gb i\e fgy` cdRxs gbh dwp_sgbe fgb` wflgwd\]o jqdb gbh shgb]\`pgbh . S e i t e 4 2 3fdbjbR ]T\ w^Tfg\]n M O B I L I T Y 4 2 3
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5 .ew cwdRcglfy w`wdubcb\y_o`ye wgb\_ogygse^w\gbhduRse p wgb\_ogygse bvpuyfye w`wdubjcb\pfgw gb` fh_c\wfgp .
Xn` vw` wc\gwhjzwR y w^nj\fgy cRwfy w^sfg\j
]bp gl` 2 b a r , wc\]b\`l`pfgw _w o`s` fh`wdj
ungy fodt\e gbh ]sgsf]whsfgp , o`s` n^^b`
waw\v\]wh_o`b fh`wdungy fodt\e p o`s waw\v\j
]wh_o`b fh`wduwRb .
Xn` wc\gwhjzwR y w^nj\fgy cRwfy w^sfg\]bp
gl` 2 b a r , t^ocw Z w^nj\fgy cRwfy w^sfg\]q`
wc\ghujn`wgs\ . 6 .awt\vqfgw gb` wp]s_cgb fl^p`s fp`vwfye gbh fh_c\wfgp sco gy ts^tRvs w^sfg\]bp . 7 .Tis\dofgw gb i\e sco gy` cdRxs fgb` wflgwj
d\]o jqdb gbh shgb]\`pgbh . 8 .hh^nagw gb fpfgy_s M o b i l i t y fgb shgb]R`ygb .
Z w^nj\fgy cRwfy w^sfg\]bp
wc\ghujn`wgs\
1 .awt\vqfgw gb` wp]s_cgb fl^p`s fp`vwfye gbh fh_c\wfgp sco gy ts^tRvs w^sfg\]bp . 2 .Tis\dofgw gb i\e sco gy` cdRxs fgb` wflgwj
d\]o jqdb gbh shgb]\`pgbh . 3 .hh^nagw gb fpfgy_s M o b i l i t y fgb shgb]R`ygb . 4 .bvyupfgw s_ofle cwd . 1 0 k m , u\s `s ]sgsj
`w_yzwR b_b\o_bdis gb h^\]o fgwus`bcbRyj
fye fgb w^sfg\]o .
@y` hcwdtsR`wgw c^ob` gy` gsjpgygs gl`
8 0 k m / h .
T` wR`s\ wi\]go , _y` _w\qfwgw gy` gsjpgygs ]ngl sco gs 2 0 k m / h .cdbfsd_bup 1 .egs_sgpfgw gb shgb]R`ygb fw ]sgn^^y^b fyj _wRb . 2 .U\vqfgw gb` wp]s_cgb fl^p`s fp`vwfye gbhfh_c\wfgp ]sgwhzwRs` wcn`l fgy ts^tRvs
gbh w^sfg\]bp . 3 .eh`vofgw gb i\e fgy` cdRxs gbh dwp_sgbe fgb` wflgwd\]o jqdb gbh shgb]\`pgbh . 4 .W\bdzqfgw gy` cRwfy gl` w^sfg\]q` fw
gbh^nj\fgb` 2 , 0 b a r :'xTpayfy cRwfye w^sfg\]q` : @w w`wdubj
cb\y_o`y gy` wgb\_ogygs ^w\gbhduRse p
gy` wgb\_ogygs bvpuyfye w`wdubcb\pfgw
gb` fh_c\wfgp .'x@wRlfy cRwfye w^sfg\]q` : csgpfgw gb
c^p]gdb fgb fh_c\wfgp . 5 .awt\vqfgw gb` wp]s_cgb fl^p`s fp`vwfye gbh fh_c\wfgp sco gy ts^tRvs w^sfg\]bp . 6 .Tis\dofgw gb i\e sco gy` cdRxs fgb` wflgwj
d\]o jqdb gbh shgb]\`pgbh . 7 .hh^nagw gb fpfgy_s M o b i l i t y fgb shgb]R`ygb . S e i t e 4 2 4 M O B I L I T YfdbjbR ]T\ w^Tfg\]n 4 2 4
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eh`oj\fy gye bvpuyfye@y` awcwd`ngw gy _ou\fgy wc\gdwcgp gsjpgygs
gl` 8 0 k m / h .
Tdj\]bcb\pfgw w] `obh gy` o`vw\ay t^ntye w^sfg\]q` R P A .
X]gw^ofgw wcs`sibdn gbh w^oujbh cRwfye w^sj fg\]q` .
T`szofgw fp`gb_s gy` s`g\]sgnfgsfy gbh js^sj f_o`bh w^sfg\]bp ]s\ gbh vbjwRbh h^\]bp fgwusj
`bcbRyfye gbh fhfgp_sgbe M o b i l i t y .
cwds\godl c^ydbibdRwe :'xM`vw\ay t^ntye w^sfg\]q` R P A , t^ocw fwj
^Rvs 4 3 3 .'xM^wujbe cRwfye c^pdlfye w^sfg\]q` , t^ocw
fw^Rvs 4 2 6 .
T`g\b^\fzyg\]oe s^hfRvwe
gcbvwRaw\e sfis^wRse
cdbX=Wbcb=ZeZ
fbcbzwgq`gse s`g\b^\fzyg\]oe s^hfRvwe fw
s]sgn^^y^s w^sfg\]n , b\ s`g\b^\fzyg\]oe s^hfRj
vwe _cbdwR `s odzbh` fw wcsip _w _ody gbh
shgb]\`pgbh . gcndjw\ ]R`vh`be sghjp_sgbe p
]R`vh`be h^\]q` xy_\q` . fbcbzwgwRgw g\e s`g\j b^\fzyg\]oe s^hfRvwe _o`b cn`l fw w^sfg\]n ,
gs bcbRs ojbh` jsds]gyd\fgwR sco gb` ]sgsj
f]whsfgwR le ]sgn^^y^s u\s gy jdpfy s`g\b^\j
fzyg\]q` s^hfRvl` .
cdbX=Wbcb=ZeZ
T`wcsd]qe gw`gl_o`we s`g\b^\fzyg\]oe s^hfRj
vwe _cbdwR `s cdb]s^ofbh` t^nty fgs w^sj
fg\]n ]s\ fw _ody gbh shgb]\`pgbh . gcndjw\
]R`vh`be sghjp_sgbe p ]R`vh`be h^\]q` xy_\q` .
cdocw\ `s twts\q`wfgw cn`gbgw og\ b\ s`g\b^\j
fzyg\]oe s^hfRvwe wR`s\ fi\u_o`we flfgn . Xn`
scs\gwRgs\ , fiRagw g\e as`n fp_il`s _w g\e bvyj
uRwe gbh ]sgsf]whsfgp gl` s`g\b^\fzyg\]q`
s^hfRvl` .
T`g\b^\fzyg\]oe s^hfRvwe _w
^wcgbpe ]dR]bhe
b ]sgsf]whsfgpe gbh shgb]\`pgbh fh`\fgn gy jdpfy s`g\b^\fzyg\]q` s^hfRvl` _w ^wcgbpe ]dRj]bhe . ehu]w]d\_o`we s`g\b^\fzyg\]oe s^hfRvwe_w ^wcgbpe ]dR]bhe ojbh` hcbt^yzwR fw vb]\_oe]s\ ojbh` jsds]gyd\fgwR le sfis^wRe ]s\ ]sgn^j^y^we sco gb` ]sgsf]whsfgp gbh shgb]\`pgbh
fse .
V\s c^ydbibdRwe fjwg\]n _w g\e ]sgn^^y^we s`g\j b^\fzyg\]oe s^hfRvwe scwhzh`zwRgw fw o`s` fh`jwdungy fodt\e gbh ]sgsf]whsfgp , o`s` n^^b`
waw\v\]wh_o`b fh`wdungy fodt\e p o`s waw\v\]whj
_o`b fh`wduwRb .
idpfy idpfy _o`b ]sgn xwpuy fgbhe cRfl gdbjbpe _ww^sfg\]n gye v\nfgsfye :'x 2 5 5 / 5 5 R 2 0 .
cdbfoagw g\e hcbvwRaw\e gbh ]sgsf]whsfgp gl`s`g\b^\fzyg\]q` s^hfRvl` .
@w s`g\b^\fzyg\]oe s^hfRvwe _y` sdj\]bcb\pfwgw
gy` o`vw\ay t^ntye w^sfg\]q` R P A , v\sibdwg\]n
_cbdwR `s cdb]pkbh` wfis^_o`we w`vwRaw\e .
@w s`g\b^\fzyg\]oe s^hfRvwe _y` w]gw^wRgw wcsj
`sibdn gbh w^oujbh cRwfye w^sfg\]q` , v\sibdwj
g\]n _cbdwR `s cdb]pkbh` ^s`zsf_o`we w`vwRj
aw\e .
>sgn gy` bvpuyfy _w s`g\b^\fzyg\]oe s^hfRvwe
w`vwjb_o`le w`wdubcb\pfgw u\s fp`gb_b jdb`\]o
v\nfgy_s gb` vh`s_\]o o^wujb cdofihfye D T C ,
u\s `s tw^g\fgbcb\pfwgw gy` cdolfy .
@ou\fgy gsjpgygs _w
s`g\b^\fzyg\]oe s^hfRvwe
@w s^hfRvwe vw` wc\gdocwgs\ `s awcwd`ngw gs 5 0 k m / h .
S e i t e 4 2 5fdbjbR ]T\ w^Tfg\]n M O B I L I T Y 4 2 5
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epfgy_s v\wpzh`fye cRfl
gdbjq` fgy ^w\gbhduRs _w
s`g\b^\fzyg\]oe s^hfRvwe
Vw`\]n V\s `s v\sfis^\fgwR y w^whzwdRs ]R`yfye gl`gdbjq` fgy ^w\gbhduRs _w s`g\b^\fzyg\]oe s^hfRj
vwe cdocw\ _w gbcbzwgy_o`we s`g\b^\fzyg\]oe s^hfRvwe `s scw`wdubcb\yzwR gb fpfgy_s v\wpjzh`fye cRfl gdbjq` gbh b^b]^ydl_o`bh w`wdj
ubp fhfgp_sgbe v\wpzh`fye .
gcovw\ay sfis^wRse
cdbX=Wbcb=ZeZ
@w w`wdubcb\y_o`b fpfgy_s v\wpzh`fye cRfl
gdbjq` ]s\ gbcbzwgy_o`we s`g\b^\fzyg\]oe
s^hfRvwe b\ s`g\b^\fzyg\]oe s^hfRvwe _cbdwR `s
odzbh` fw wcsip _w gb s_nal_s . gcndjw\ ]R`j
vh`be sghjp_sgbe p ]R`vh`be h^\]q` xy_\q` .
Pgs` ojbh` gbcbzwgyzwR s`g\b^\fzyg\]oe s^hj
fRvwe scw`wdubcb\pfgw gb fpfgy_s v\wpzh`fye
cRfl gdbjq` .
Tcw`wdubcbRyfy fhfgp_sgbe
v\wpzh`fye cRfl gdbjq`
dhz_Rxb`gse og\ ojbh` gbcbzwgyzwR s`g\b^\fzyg\j ]oe s^hfRvwe gb fpfgy_s v\wpzh`fye cRfl gdbj
jq` scw`wdubcb\wRgs\ .
1 . C A R 2 . dhz_Rfw\e 3 . Vw`\]oe dhz_Rfw\e 4 . T`g\b^\fz . s^hfRvwe 5 . Mjbh` gbcbz . s^hfRvwe
Tco gy` wc\gdwcgp _ou\fgy gsjpgygs _w s`g\b^\j fzyg\]oe s^hfRvwe gl` 5 0 k m / h w`wdubcb\wRgs\ gbfpfgy_s v\wpzh`fye gl` cRfl gdbjq` as`n shj
go_sgs .
M^wujbe cRwfye c^pdlfye
w^sfg\]q`
Tdjp ^w\gbhduRse
fb fpfgy_s wc\gydwR gy` cRwfy w^sfg\]q` ]s\ fgs goffwds gbcbzwgy_o`s w^sfg\]n . fb fpfgy_scdbw\vbcb\wR u\s cgqfy gye cRwfye c^pdlfye fwo`s p cwd\ffogwds w^sfg\]n .
Vw`\]n b\ s\fzygpdwe fg\e ts^tRvwe gl` w^sfg\]q` _wj
gdbp` gy` cRwfy ]s\ gy zwd_b]dsfRs gl` w^sfg\j
]q` .
@w g\e dhz_Rfw\e w^sfg\]q` fgb i D r i v e gb fpj fgy_s _cbdwR `s fhu]dR`w\ shgo_sgs g\e cdb]sjzbd\f_o`we b`b_sfg\]oe c\ofw\e _w g\e gdojbhj
fwe c\ofw\e w^sfg\]q` .
ew w^sfg\]n , u\s gs bcbRs vw` hcndjbh` fgb\jwRs
cRwfye w^sfg\]q` fgb shgb]R`ygb , c .j . w^sfg\]n
_w w\v\]p ou]d\fy , cdocw\ _ofl wcs`sibdne `s
uR`w\ w`wdup wcs`sibdn gbh fhfgp_sgbe . Mgf\ uRj
`wgs\ scbvbjp gl` gdwjbhfq` c\ofwl` w^sfg\]q`
le b`b_sfg\]oe c\ofw\e .
V\s gb` jw\d\f_o gbh fhfgp_sgbe cdbfoagw wcRj
fye g\e c^ydbibdRwe ]s\ hcbvwRaw\e fgb ]winj
^s\b cRwfy c^pdlfye w^sfg\]q` .
cwds\godl c^ydbibdRwe :
cRwfy c^pdlfye w^sfg\]q` , t^ocw fw^Rvs 4 1 4 .
gcovw\ay sfis^wRse
cdbX=Wbcb=ZeZ
Z o`vw\ay gl` b`b_sfg\]q` c\ofwl` vw` hcb]sj z\fgn fgs fgb\jwRs cRwfye c^pdlfye w^sfg\]q`fgb shgb]R`ygb . ?nzbe fgb\jwRs fg\e dhz_Rfw\e
w^sfg\]q` fh`wcnub`gs\ ^nzbe b`b_sfg\]oe c\ofw\e c^pdlfye w^sfg\]q` . ew shgp` gy` cwj
dRcglfy vw` v\sfis^Rxwgs\ y sa\oc\fgy s`suuwj ^Rs _\se scq^w\se cRwfye c^pdlfye w^sfg\]q` .gcndjw\ ]R`vh`be gdsh_sg\f_bp ]s\ ]R`vh`be
h^\]q` xy_\q` . cdbfoagw b\ v\sfgnfw\e w^sfg\j
]q` gl` fh`sd_b^buy_o`l` w^sfg\]q` `s w_j
S e i t e 4 2 6 M O B I L I T YfdbjbR ]T\ w^Tfg\]n 4 2 6
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is`Rxb`gs\ flfgn ]s\ `s fh_il`bp` _w gsfgb\jwRs cbh s`sudnib`gs\ fgs w^sfg\]n ]s\ _w
gs fgb\jwRs gl` w^sfg\]q` .
cdbncbzofw\e ^w\gbhduRse V\s gb fpfgy_s cdocw\ `s c^ydbp`gs\ b\ s]o^bhjzwe cdbncbzofw\e , v\sibdwg\]n vw` v\sfis^Rxwjgs\ y sa\oc\fgy s`suuw^Rs _\se scq^w\se cRwfye
w^sfg\]q` :'x@wgn sco ]nzw s^^sup w^sfg\]bp p gdbjbp ojbh` ]sgsjldyzwR gs flfgn fgb\jwRs u\s gsfh`sd_b^buy_o`s w^sfg\]n fg\e dhz_Rfw\e
w^sfg\]q` .'xb o^wujbe cRwfye w^sfg\]q` w`wdubcb\wRgs\
_wgn sco _\s v\svdb_p sd]wgq` ^wcgq` :'x@wgn sco _\s s^^sup w^sfg\]q` p gdbj
jq` .'x@wgn sco _\s wcs`sibdn , fw w^sfg\]n _w
w\v\]p ou]d\fy .'x@wgn gy` s^^sup gye dpz_\fye w^sfg\j ]q` .'xew w^sfg\]n _w w\v\]p ou]d\fy :'x@wgn sco ]nzw s^^sup w^sfg\]bp p gdbj
jbp w]gw^ofgy]w wcs`sibdn _w flfgp cRwfy w^sfg\]bp .'x@wgn sco cdbfsd_bup _\se cRwfye w^sjfg\]bp fw _\s `os g\_p w]gw^ofgy]w wcsj
`sibdn .'xfdbjbR _w y^w]gdb`\]o fpfgy_s gdbjq` .
dhz_Rfw\e w^sfg\]q`
Vw`\]n b\ v\sfgnfw\e w^sfg\]q` u\s gs fh`sd_b^buyj
_o`s w^sfg\]n s`sudnib`gs\ fgs fgb\jwRs cRwj fye c^pdlfye w^sfg\]q` fgb shgb]R`ygb p
scwhzwRse cn`l fgs w^sfg\]n .
fs fgb\jwRs w^sfg\]q` vw` cdocw\ `s w\fsjzbp`
w] `obh , ogs` v\bdzq`wgs\ y cRwfy c^pdlfye w^sfg\]q` .
V\s gs ]s^b]s\d\`n ]s\ jw\_wd\`n w^sfg\]n scbj zy]wpb`gs\ ]nzw ibdn gs gw^whgsRs ]sgsjldyj
_o`s fgb\jwRs w^sfg\]q` . Mgf\ _cbdbp` _wgn sco_\s s^^sup w^sfg\]q` p gdbjq` `s wc\^wubp` b\
dhz_Rfw\e gl` gw^whgsRl` jdyf\_bcb\y_o`l` fwg
w^sfg\]q` .
cdsu_sgbcbRyfy dhz_Rfwl` 1 . C A R 2 . >sgnfgsfy bjp_sgbe 3 . M^wujbe cRwfye w^sfg\]q` 4 . dhz_Rfw\e w^sfg\]q` 5 . Xc\^ . w^sfg\]bp 6 . iw\db]R`ygs 7 . fpcbe w^sfg . 'x >s^b]s\d\`n 'x iw\_wd\`n 8 .Xc\^oagw gb` gpcb w^sfg\]q` , cbh wR`s\ gbcbj
zwgy_o`s fgb` cRfl nab`s .
ew w^sfg\]n _w w\v\]p ou]d\fy :
K^^s w^sfg\]n .
V\s cwds\godl v\sv\]sfRs s`sgdoagw fgy`
w`ogygs X]go^wfy wcs`sibdne . 9 .Xc\^oagw gy` ]sgnfgsfy iodglfye gbh shgbj
]\`pgbh , ogs` ojw\ wc\^wuwR _\s v\nfgsfy w^sj
fg\]q` . 1 0 . Tcbzp]whfy dhz_Rfwl` w^sfg\]q`
Z _ogdyfy gye gdojbhfse cRwfye w^sfg\]q` awj
]\`n . X_is`Rxwgs\ y cdobvbe gye _ogdyfye .
M`vw\ay ]sgnfgsfye fdojbhfs ]sgnfgsfyZ ]sgnfgsfy gbh fhfgp_sgbe _cbdwR `s w_is`\j
fgwR fgy` bzo`y w^oujbh , c .j . s` gb fpfgy_s wRj
`s\ w`wduo .
1 . C A R 2 . >sgnfgsfy bjp_sgbe 3 . M^wujbe cRwfye w^sfg\]q`
X_is`Rxwgs\ y gdojbhfs ]sgnfgsfy .
S e i t e 4 2 7fdbjbR ]T\ w^Tfg\]n M O B I L I T Y 4 2 7
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fdojbhfs cRwfy w^sfg\]q`Z gdojbhfs cRwfy w^sfg\]q` w_is`Rxwgs\ u\s
]nzw w^sfg\]o .
b\ gdojbhfwe c\ofw\e w^sfg\]q` _cbdwR `s s^^nj
abh` sco gy ^w\gbhduRs bvpuyfye p gy` walgwj
d\]p zwd_b]dsfRs .
fdojbhfs zwd_b]dsfRs w^sfg\]q` T`n^bus _w gb _b`go^b , w_is`Rxb`gs\ b\ gdojbhj
fwe zwd_b]dsfRwe w^sfg\]q` .
b\ gdojbhfwe zwd_b]dsfRwe w^sfg\]q` _cbdwR
`s s^^nabh` sco gy ^w\gbhduRs bvpuyfye p gy` walgwd\]p zwd_b]dsfRs .
b`b_sfg\]p cRwfy
X_is`Rxwgs\ y b`b_sfg\]p cRwfy u\s gs w^sfg\]n
fgb` _cdbfg\`o ]s\ cRfl nab`s .
egy` s`siwdo_w`y b`b_sfg\]p cRwfy fh`hcb^bj
uRxb`gs\ zwd_b]dsf\s]oe wc\vdnfw\e sco gy ^w\j gbhduRs bvpuyfye p gy` walgwd\]p zwd_b]dsfRs .T`wandgygs sco g\e ]s\d\]oe fh`zp]we , g\e zwdj
_b]dsfRwe gl` w^sfg\]q` ]s\ gbhe jdo`bhe bvpj uyfye w_is`Rxwgs\ cn`gs y s`gRfgb\jy b`b_sjfg\]p cRwfy .
Z w_is`\xo_w`y b`b_sfg\]p cRwfy _cbdwR `s s^j
^naw\ ]s\ `s v\siodw\ sco gs fgb\jwRs cRwfye
w^sfg\]q` fgy` ]b^o`s gye codgse bvyubp . Z cRwfy w^sfg\]q` _cbdwR ogf\ `s v\bdzlzwR fgy`g\_p gl` w_is`\xo_w`l` b`b_sfg\]q` c\ofwl` .
Z b`b_sfg\]p cRwfy cdbfsd_oxwgs\ s_ofle ,
ogs` fg\e dhz_Rfw\e w^sfg\]q` s^^naw\ y ]sgnj
fgsfy iodglfye .
>sgsfgnfw\e w^sfg\]q` Vw`\]n
egy` bzo`y w^oujbh y ]sgnfgsfy gl` w^sfg\]q`
]s\ gbh fhfgp_sgbe w_is`Rxwgs\ _ofl gbh jdqj
_sgbe gl` gdbjq` ]s\ w`oe ]w\_o`bh .
gcndjb`gs _y`p_sgs w`vwj . vw` v\sudnib`gs\ , ogs` ]sgn gy v\odzlfy gye cRwfye c^pdlfye
w^sfg\]q` vw` wc\ghujn`wgs\ y b`b_sfg\]p cRwfy .P^b\ b\ gdbjbR cdnf\`b\'xfb fpfgy_s wR`s\ w`wduo ]s\ jdyf\_bcb\wR u\s gy` cdbw\vbcbRyfy g\e b`b_sfg\]oe c\ofw\e .'xew w^sfg\]n _w w\v\]p ou]d\fy : fb fpfgy_s
wR`s\ w`wduo ]s\ u\s gy` cdbw\vbcbRyfy jdyf\j
_bcb\wR g\e gw^whgsRwe scbzy]wh_o`we c\ofw\e w^sfg\]q` ]sgn gy` wcs`sibdn .
M`se ole goffwd\e gdbjbR _w
]Rgd\`b jdq_s
gcndjw\ t^nty w^sfg\]bp p _wun^y scq^w\s cRwj
fye c^pdlfye w^sfg\]bp fgb w_is`\xo_w`b w^sj fg\]o .
fdbjbR _w u]d\ jdq_s
Tcq^w\we cRwfye w^sfg\]q` w`vwj . `s _y` _cbj
dbp` `s s`su`ld\fgbp` .
c\zs`oe s\gRwe :
'xWhf^w\gbhduRs .'x>sgn gy _ogdyfy cRwfye w^sfg\]q` , _wgn sco wc\twtsRlfy gl` dhz_Rfwl` w^sfg\]q` .'xew w^sfg\]n _w w\v\]p ou]d\fy : X]gw^wRgs\
wcs`sibdn gbh fhfgp_sgbe .
ew w^sfg\]n _w w\v\]p ou]d\fy :
X]go^wfy wcs`sibdne
1 . C A R 2 . >sgnfgsfy bjp_sgbe 3 . M^wujbe cRwfye w^sfg\]q` 4 .W\sfis^Rfgw og\ ojbh` uR`w\ b\ flfgoe dhz_Rj
fw\e w^sfg\]q` .
dhz_Rfw\e w^sfg\]q` , t^ocw fw^Rvs 4 2 7 . 5 .X`wdubcb\pfgw gy` wgb\_ogygs bvpuyfye ]s\
_y` aw]\`pfwgw . 6 .Xcs`sibdn cRwfye w^sfg\]q` : W\wasulupwcs`sibdne . 7 .fqds aw]\`pfgw .
b\ gdbjbR scw\]b`Rxb`gs\ u]d\ ]s\ w_is`Rxwgs\ gb
wape : Xcs`sibdn cRwfye w^sfg\]q`
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c^pdlfye w^sfg\]q` le cdbwc\^wu_o`we c\ofw\ec^pdlfye w^sfg\]q` . Z wcs`sibdn b^b]^ydqj
`wgs\ shgo_sgs ]sgn gy v\nd]w\s gye bvpuyfye .
Xn` y wcs`sibdn b^b]^ydlzwR _w wc\ghjRs , b\
gdbjbR w_is`Rxb`gs\ fgy` bzo`y w^oujbh cdnf\j
`b\ ]s\ w_is`Rxwgs\ gb wape : Xcs`sibdn
wc\ghjpe .
Z bvpuyfy _cbdwR s`n cnfs fg\u_p `s v\s]bcwR . Z wcs`sibdn fh`wjRxwgs\ shgo_sgs fw cwdRj cglfy fh`oj\fye gye bvpuyfye .
@y`p_sgs : ew w^sfg\]n jldRe
w\v\]p ou]d\fy
Vw`\]n ew cwdRcglfy _y`p_sgbe u\s js_y^p cRwfy c^pj
dlfye w^sfg\]bp , w`wdubcb\wRgs\ w`vwjb_o`le b vh`s_\]oe o^wujbe whfgnzw\se ( D S C ) .
gcovw\ay sfis^wRse
cdbX=Wbcb=ZeZ
M`s w^sggl_sg\]o ]s`b`\]o w^sfg\]o _w cb^p js_y^p p ]szo^bh cRwfy w^sfg\]q` wcydwnxw\gy` bv\]p fh_cwd\ibdn , c .j . gy fh_cwd\ibdnv\wpzh`fye ]s\ covyfye . X^sfg\]n _w \v\ogygwe^w\gbhduRse s`nu]ye _cbdbp` `s v\sgydpfbh`_\s cwd\bd\f_o`s whfgnzw\s . gcndjw\ ]R`vh`be
sghjp_sgbe . @y` fh`wjRxwgw gy` cbdwRs ogs`
gb shgb]R`ygb wR`s\ wabc^\f_o`b _w ]s`b`\]n w^sfg\]n . fydwRgw g\e hcbvwRaw\e fjwg\]n _w gs
w^sfg\]n _w \v\ogygwe ^w\gbhduRse s`nu]ye ]s\ gy fh`oj\fy gye bvpuyfye _w shgn gs w^sfg\]n .
Pgs` scs\gwRgs\ o^wujbe cRwfye
w^sfg\]q`
@p`h_s
X_is`Rxwgs\ o`s fp_tb^b _w gb _p`h_s C h e c k -
C o n t r o l fgy` bzo`y w^oujbh .
ep_j
tb^bc\zs`p s\gRsZ c^pdlfy vw` w]gw^ofgy]w _w gb` cdbt^wco_w`b gdocb , c .j . vw` cdbj
fgozy]w wcsd]pe cbfogygs sods p
^oul ihf\b^bu\]pe , b_b\o_bdiye
scq^w\se cRwfye w^sfg\]q` .
@ogdb
X^ouagw gy` cRwfy c^pdlfye gl` w^sfg\]q` ]s\
w`vwjb_o`le v\bdzqfgw gy` .
ew cb^p js_y^p cRwfy c^pdlfye
w^sfg\]q`
@p`h_s @\s ]Rgd\`y cdbw\vbcb\yg\]p ^hj`Rs s`njtw\ fgb gs_c^o bdun`l` .
Xc\c^ob` w_is`Rxwgs\ o`s fp_tb^b _w gb _p`h_s C h e c k - C o n t r o l fgy` bzo`y w^oujbh .
ep_tb^bc\zs`p s\gRsgcndjw\ scq^w\s cRwfye w^sfg\]q` .
@ogdb
1 .@w\qfgw gy` gsjpgygs . @y` hcwdtsR`wgw
c^ob` gy` gsjpgygs gl` 1 3 0 k m / h . 2 .@w gy` wco_w`y wh]s\dRs c .j . fw o`s cdsgpj d\b ]shfR_l` w^ouagw ]s\ w`vwj . v\bdzqfgwgy` cRwfy c^pdlfye w^sfg\]q` ]s\ fgs gofjfwds w^sfg\]n .
ew shay_o`y scq^w\s cRwfye
w^sfg\]bp
@p`h_s @\s ]Rgd\`y cdbw\vbcb\yg\]p ^hj`Rs s`nj
tw\ fgb gs_c^o bdun`l` .
S e i t e 4 2 9fdbjbR ]T\ w^Tfg\]n M O B I L I T Y 4 2 9
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Xc\c^ob` w_is`Rxwgs\ o`s fp_tb^b _w gb w^sgj
gl_sg\]o w^sfg\]o fgb _p`h_s C h e c k - C o n t r o l
fgy` bzo`y w^oujbh .ep_tb^bc\zs`p s\gRsgcndjw\ t^nty w^sfg\]bp p _wun^y
scq^w\s cRwfye w^sfg\]q` .
@ogdb
1 .@w\qfgw gy` gsjpgygn fse ]s\ fgs_sgpfgw cdbfw]g\]n gb shgb]R`ygb . Tcbipuwgw gsscogb_s p asi`\]n idw`sdRf_sgs ]s\ g\e _sj
`bptdwe . 2 .X^ouagw , s` gb shgb]R`ygb v\szogw\ ]s`b`\]n
w^sfg\]n p w^sfg\]n _w \v\ogygwe ]sgnfgsfye
o]gs]gye s`nu]ye .
fs w^sfg\]n _w \v\ogygwe ]sgnfgsfye o]gsj ]gye s`nu]ye wR`s\ _sd]sd\f_o`s _w o`s
fgdbuuh^o fp_tb^b _w gs udn__sgs R S C fgb c^whd\]o gbRjl_s gbh w^sfg\]bp .
X^sfg\]n r u n f l a t , t^ocw fw^Rvs 4 1 9 . 3 .?ntwgw hcoky gy` cwd\udsip u\s gy fh_cwd\j
ibdn fw cwdRcglfy v\ngdyfye w^sfg\]bp .
eh_cwd\ibdn fw cwdRcglfy v\ngdyfye w^sj fg\]bp , t^ocw fw^Rvs 4 3 1 .
@y`p_sgs : ew w^sfg\]n _w
w\v\]p ou]d\fy
Vw`\]n ew cwdRcglfy _y`p_sgbe u\s js_y^p cRwfy c^pjdlfye w^sfg\]bp , w`wdubcb\wRgs\ w`vwjb_o`le b vh`s_\]oe o^wujbe whfgnzw\se ( D S C ) .
gcovw\ay sfis^wRse
cdbX=Wbcb=ZeZ
M`s w^sggl_sg\]o ]s`b`\]o w^sfg\]o _w cb^p
js_y^p p ]szo^bh cRwfy w^sfg\]q` wcydwnxw\ gy` bv\]p fh_cwd\ibdn , c .j . gy fh_cwd\ibdnv\wpzh`fye ]s\ covyfye . X^sfg\]n _w \v\ogygwe^w\gbhduRse s`nu]ye _cbdbp` `s v\sgydpfbh`
_\s cwd\bd\f_o`s whfgnzw\s . gcndjw\ ]R`vh`be
sghjp_sgbe . @y` fh`wjRxwgw gy` cbdwRs ogs`
gb shgb]R`ygb wR`s\ wabc^\f_o`b _w ]s`b`\]n w^sfg\]n . fydwRgw g\e hcbvwRaw\e fjwg\]n _w gs
w^sfg\]n _w \v\ogygwe ^w\gbhduRse s`nu]ye ]s\ gy fh`oj\fy gye bvpuyfye _w shgn gs w^sfg\]n .
Pgs` scs\gwRgs\ o^wujbe cRwfye
w^sfg\]q`
@p`h_s
X_is`Rxwgs\ o`s fp_tb^b _w gb _p`h_s C h e c k -
C o n t r o l fgy` bzo`y w^oujbh .ep_j
tb^bc\zs`p s\gRsZ c^pdlfy vw` w]gw^ofgy]w _w gb` cdbt^wco_w`b gdocb , c .j . vw` cdbj
fgozy]w wcsd]pe cbfogygs sods .
fb fpfgy_s s`su`qd\fw _\s s^^sup
gdbjbp , jldRe `s ojw\ cdsu_sgbcb\yj
zwR _\s wcs`sibdn .
Z cRwfy gl` w^sfg\]q` ojw\ cofw\ fw
fpu]d\fy _w gy` gw^whgsRs wcs`sj
ibdn .
V\s gb fpfgy_s vw` cdsu_sgbcb\pj zy]w wcs`sibdn . fb fpfgy_s jdyf\j
_bcb\wR u\s gy` cdbw\vbcbRyfy g\e gwj
^whgsRwe scbzy]wh_o`we c\ofw\e
w^sfg\]q` ]sgn gy` wcs`sibdn .
@ogdb
1 .X^ouagw gy` cRwfy c^pdlfye gl` w^sfg\]q`
]s\ w`vwjb_o`le v\bdzqfgw gy` . 2 .cdsu_sgbcb\pfgw wcs`sibdn gbh fhfgp_sj gbe . S e i t e 4 3 0 M O B I L I T YfdbjbR ]T\ w^Tfg\]n 4 3 0
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