service indicator CHEVROLET BLAZER 2021 Owner's Guide

Chevrolet Blazer Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
14608203) - 2021 - CRC - 10/29/20
252 Driving and Operating
Always check all trailer tire pressures before
each trip when the tires are cool. Low trailer
tire pressure is a leading cause of trailer tire
blowouts.
Trailer tires deteriorate over time. The trailer
tire sidewall will show the week and year
the tire was manufactured. Many trailer tire
manufacturers recommend replacing tires
more than six years old.
Overloading is another leading cause of
trailer tire blowouts. Never load your trailer
with more weight than the tires are
designed to support. The load rating is on
the trailer tire sidewall.
Always know the maximum speed rating for
the trailer tires before driving. This may be
significantly lower than the vehicle tire
speed rating. The speed rating may be on
the trailer tire sidewall. If the speed rating is
not shown, the default trailer tire speed
rating is 105 km/h (65 mph).Conversions and Add-Ons
Add-On Electrical Equipment
{Warning
The Data Link Connector (DLC) is used for
vehicle service and Emission Inspection/
Maintenance testing. SeeMalfunction
Indicator Lamp (Check Engine Light) 0100
. A device connected to the DLC —such
as an aftermarket fleet or driver-behavior
tracking device —may interfere with
vehicle systems. This could affect vehicle
operation and cause a crash. Such devices
may also access information stored in the
vehicle’s systems.
Caution
Some electrical equipment can damage
the vehicle or cause components to not
work and would not be covered by the
vehicle warranty. Always check with your
dealer before adding electrical equipment.
Add-on equipment can drain the vehicle's
12-volt battery, even if the vehicle is not
operating.
The vehicle has an airbag system. Before
attempting to add anything electrical to the
vehicle, see Servicing the Airbag-Equipped
Vehicle 058 and
Adding Equipment to the Airbag-Equipped
Vehicle 059.

Chevrolet Blazer Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
14608203) - 2021 - CRC - 10/29/20
Vehicle Care 271
6. Verify coolant level after the engine isshut off and the coolant is cold.
If necessary, repeat coolant fill procedure
Steps 1–6.
If the coolant still is not at the proper
level when the system cools down again,
see your dealer.
Caution
If the pressure cap is not tightly installed,
coolant loss and engine damage may
occur. Be sure the cap is properly and
tightly secured.
2.0L L4 Engine Only - Automatic Coolant
Service Fill Instructions
If equipped, this feature assists in filling and
removing air from the cooling system after
service of components or when coolant is
added after being too low.
To activate the fill and air removal process:
1. With a cold system, add coolant to the indicated mark on the surge tank.
2. Replace the cap on the surge tank.
3. Connect the vehicle to a battery charger.
4. Turn the ignition to Service Mode. See Ignition Positions 0200. 5. Turn off the air conditioning.
6. Set the parking brake.
7. At the same time, press the accelerator
and the brake for two seconds, then
release.
At the end of the cycle, check the coolant
level in the surge tank and add coolant if it
is low. Turn off the vehicle, allow the
Electronic Control Module (ECM) to go to
sleep, about two minutes, and repeat
Steps 4–7.
Listen for pump activation and movement of
the control valves while watching the level
of the coolant in the surge tank. If the tank
empties, turn the ignition off, carefully
remove the surge tank cap, refill to the
indicated mark, and repeat Steps 4–7. The
fill and air removal process will run for
approximately 10 minutes.
Engine Overheating
The vehicle has several indicators to warn of
the engine overheating.
There is an engine coolant temperature
gauge on the instrument cluster. See Engine
Coolant Temperature Gauge 096. The
vehicle may also display a message on the
Driver Information Center (DIC). If the decision is made not to lift the hood
when this warning appears, get service help
right away. See
Roadside Assistance Program
0 352.
If the decision is made to lift the hood,
make sure the vehicle is parked on a level
surface. Then check to see if the engine
cooling fan is running. If the engine is
overheating, the fan should be running. If it
is not, do not continue to run the engine.
Have the vehicle serviced.
Caution
Do not run the engine if there is a leak
in the engine cooling system. This can
cause a loss of all coolant and can
damage the system and vehicle. Have
any leaks fixed right away.
If Steam Is Coming from the Engine
Compartment
{Warning
Steam and scalding liquids from a hot
cooling system are under pressure.
Turning the pressure cap, even a little,
can cause them to come out at high (Continued)

Chevrolet Blazer Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
14608203) - 2021 - CRC - 10/29/20
Vehicle Care 273
Caution (Continued)
.When using concentrated washer fluid,
follow the manufacturer instructions
for adding water.
.Fill the washer fluid tank only
three-quarters full when it is very cold.
This allows for fluid expansion if
freezing occurs, which could damage
the tank if it is completely full.
Brakes
Disc brake linings have built-in wear
indicators that make a high-pitched warning
sound when the brake linings are worn and
new linings are needed. The sound can come
and go or can be heard all the time when
the vehicle is moving, except when applying
the brake pedal firmly.
{Warning
The brake wear warning sound means
that soon the brakes will not work well.
That could lead to a crash. When the
brake wear warning sound is heard, have
the vehicle serviced.
Caution
Continuing to drive with worn-out brake
linings could result in costly brake
repairs.
Some driving conditions or climates can
cause a brake squeal when the brakes are
first applied, clearing up following several
applications. This does not mean something
is wrong with the brakes.
Properly torqued wheel nuts are necessary
to help prevent brake pulsation. When tires
are rotated, inspect brake linings for wear
and evenly tighten wheel nuts in the proper
sequence to torque specifications. See
Capacities and Specifications 0345.
Brake pads should be replaced as complete
axle sets.
Brake Pedal Travel
See your dealer if the brake pedal does not
return to normal height, or if there is a
rapid increase in pedal travel. This could be
a sign that brake service may be required.
Replacing Brake System Parts
Always replace brake system parts with
new, approved replacement parts. If this is
not done, the brakes may not work
properly. The braking performance can
change in many ways if the wrong brake
parts are installed or if parts are improperly
installed.
Brake Fluid
The brake master cylinder reservoir is filled
with GM approved DOT 3 brake fluid as
indicated on the reservoir cap. See Engine
Compartment Overview 0257 for the
location of the reservoir.
Checking Brake Fluid
With the vehicle in P (Park) on a level
surface, the brake fluid level should be
between the minimum and maximum marks
on the brake fluid reservoir.
There are only two reasons why the brake
fluid level in the reservoir may go down:

Chevrolet Blazer Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
14608203) - 2021 - CRC - 10/29/20
Service and Maintenance 339
Tires
Tires need to be properly inflated, rotated,
and balanced. Maintaining the tires can save
money and fuel, and can reduce the risk of
tire failure.
.Signs that the tires need to be replaced
include three or more visible treadwear
indicators; cord or fabric showing through
the rubber; cracks or cuts in the tread or
sidewall; or a bulge or split in the tire.
.Trained dealer technicians can inspect and
recommend the right tires. Your dealer
can also provide tire/wheel balancing
services to ensure smooth vehicle
operation at all speeds. Your dealer sells
and services name brand tires.Vehicle Care
To help keep the vehicle looking like new,
vehicle care products are available from your
dealer. For information on how to clean and
protect the vehicle’s interior and exterior,
see
Interior Care 0327 and
Exterior Care 0323.
Wheel Alignment
Wheel alignment is critical for ensuring that
the tires deliver optimal wear and
performance.
.Signs that the alignment may need to be
adjusted include pulling, improper vehicle
handling, or unusual tire wear.
.Your dealer has the required equipment
to ensure proper wheel alignment. Windshield
For safety, appearance, and the best
viewing, keep the windshield clean and
clear.
.Signs of damage include scratches, cracks,
and chips.
.Trained dealer technicians can inspect the
windshield and recommend proper
replacement if needed.
Wiper Blades
Wiper blades need to be cleaned and kept in
good condition to provide a clear view.
.Signs of wear include streaking, skipping
across the windshield, and worn or split
rubber.
.Trained dealer technicians can check the
wiper blades and replace them when
needed.

Chevrolet Blazer Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
14608203) - 2021 - CRC - 10/29/20
372 Index
Fuses (cont'd)Instrument Panel Fuse Block . . . . . . . . . . . 284
Rear Compartment Fuse Block . . . . . . . . . 285
G
Garage Door Opener . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Gas Strut(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
Gauges
Engine Coolant Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Engine Oil Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Odometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Speedometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Tachometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Trip Odometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Voltmeter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Warning Lights and Indicators . . . . . . . . . . 89
General Information Service and Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331
Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
Vehicle Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
Global Positioning System (GPS) . . . . . . . . . . 152
Glove Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
GM Mobility Reimbursement Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352
Guidance Problems with the Route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
H
Hazard Warning Flashers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .124
HD Radio Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Head Restraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
HeadlampsAiming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
Automatic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Bulb Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) . . . . . . . . . 123
Flash-to-Pass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
High Intensity Discharge (HID)Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
High-Beam On Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
High/Low Beam Changer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Lamps On Reminder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Heated Rear Seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Steering Wheel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Heated and Ventilated Front Seats . . . . . . . 40
Heated Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Heater
Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
Heating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .182
High Voltage Devices and Wiring . . . . . . . . 279
High-Beam On Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
High-Speed Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295
Hill and Mountain Roads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
Hill Start Assist (HSA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212 Hood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
Hooks
Shopping Bag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Horn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
How to Wear Seat Belts Properly . . . . . . . . . 45
HVAC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .182
I
If the System Needs Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Ignition Positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
Immobilizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Indicator Pedestrian Ahead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Vehicle Ahead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Infants and Young Children, Restraints . . . . .61
Information Publication Ordering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356
Infotainment System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359
Instrument Cluster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90, 93
Instrument Panel Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Interior Rearview Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 128
J
Jump Starting - North America . . . . . . . . . . . .318
K
Keyless Entry Remote (RKE) System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

Chevrolet Blazer Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
14608203) - 2021 - CRC - 10/29/20
Index 373
Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
L
Labeling, Tire Sidewall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289
LampsCourtesy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Daytime Running (DRL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Dome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Exterior Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Exterior Lamps Off Reminder . . . . . . . . . . 122
Exterior Lighting Battery Saver . . . . . . . . . 127
Malfunction Indicator (CheckEngine) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
On Reminder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Lane Change Alert (LCA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
Lane Keep Assist (LKA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237
Lane Keep Assist Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Lap-Shoulder Belt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
LATCH System Replacing Parts after a Crash . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
LATCH, Lower Anchors and Tethers for Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
LED Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
Liftgate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Lighting Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Exit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 Lighting (cont'd)
Illumination Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
LED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
Lights Airbag Readiness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Antilock Brake System (ABS)Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Brake System Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Charging System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Check Engine (Malfunction Indicator) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Cruise Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Door Ajar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Electric Parking Brake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Engine Coolant Temperature Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Engine Oil Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Flash-to-Pass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
High-Beam On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
High/Low Beam Changer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Lane Keep Assist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Low Fuel Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Seat Belt Reminders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Service Electric Parking Brake . . . . . . . . . . 102
StabiliTrak OFF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Tire Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Tow/Haul Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Lights (cont'd)
Traction Control System
(TCS)/StabiliTrak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Traction Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Locks Automatic Door . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Delayed Locking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Door . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Lockout Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Power Door . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Loss of Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Low Fuel Warning Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Lower Anchors and Tethers for
Children (LATCH System) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Lumbar Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Front Seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
M
MaintenanceRecords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343
Maintenance and Care
Additional . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337
Maintenance Schedule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332 Recommended Fluids andLubricants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340
Malfunction Indicator Lamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Manual Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209

Chevrolet Blazer Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
14608203) - 2021 - CRC - 10/29/20
374 Index
Map Data Updates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .145
MediaAvoiding Untrusted Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Memory Seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Messages Engine Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Vehicle Speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Mirror Rear Camera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Mirrors Automatic Dimming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Automatic Dimming Rearview . . . . . . . . . . 26
Convex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Folding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Heated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Manual Rearview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Tilt in Reverse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Mirrors, Interior Rearview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .214
Driver Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
Monitor System, Tire Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . 296
Multi-band Antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137N
Navigation Connected Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365
Destination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
Using the System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Navigation Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .145
New Vehicle Break-In . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
O
Odometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94 Trip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Off-Road . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191 Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
Oil
Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262
Engine Oil Life System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264
Pressure Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Older Children, Restraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Online Owner Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351
OnStar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359
OnStar Additional Information . . . . . . . . . . . 361
OnStar Emergency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361
OnStar Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360
OnStar Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361
OnStar System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .141, 151
Outlets Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86 Overheating, Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Instrument Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
P
ParkShifting Into . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Shifting Out of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Park Assist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
Parking Brake and P (Park) MechanismCheck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275
Extended . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
Over Things That Burn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
Parking or Backing Assistance Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
Passenger Airbag Status Indicator . . . . . . . . . 99
Passenger Compartment Air Filter . . . . . . . 186
Passenger Sensing System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55
Pedestrian Ahead Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Perchlorate Materials Requirements,
California . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
Personalization Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Phone Apple CarPlay and Android Auto . . . . . . . 163
Bluetooth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159