FIAT DUCATO BASE CAMPER 2019 Kezelési és karbantartási útmutató (in Hungarian)

Manufacturer: FIAT, Model Year: 2019, Model line: DUCATO BASE CAMPER, Model: FIAT DUCATO BASE CAMPER 2019
Pages: 304, PDF Size: 16.02 MB

Page 11 of 304

* 65718 1"9/+1"7%+"
a33 (*$CEC1( 2$ )% G& .78(-6#1&9=2> =2>D
("$*>*BB1 1#;*:(*C7#?
I$ 2$ G3;5323D *./#$*:<*% 7#
("$=*3>*%’> 39&7(-$323&2 )%3 2 .78(-6#1
F*>78A37#7:E> 7# ;<("C7#7:E>?
I$7:3 2$3 32%96#->&5( )%%*(+ ,-./
,*>/*$(*C&*% *> (7%/*>;*#*% 2
.78(-6#1B2%+ ,-./ ("$=*3>*%’>
*>>*%E:1$,*##* 2$ ->=2#-332(23
?@ 0a@\ cd4I VIN4‘^IV????????????? eQ
@ !fbc‘d! ???????????????????????????????? ee
J]gL\h‘!@ic‘dbj?????????????????? ee
IbI!\VdNa!f‘
Va@‘^\jKIVIN4I^_‘???????????????? ek
@L\j!???????????????????????????????????????? el
mb_‘I!?????????????????????????????????????? eP
!dVThN]!IV_!???????????????????????? kn
Wa‘‘^@iabb@N\j \m!V)!??????????? kn
!mb‘o WabhJp\h‘ ??????????????????????? kq
0_N]‘^jVj!????????????????????????????? lk
KIb‘o WabhJp\h‘??????????????????????? lk
!I^Ibo‘^IVWI!???????????????????????? lr
@Kb@!\)Vbo _‘ UTd‘j????????????? ln
0s\_‘ _‘ ‘^Ibbo^_‘????????????????? lP
0s\_‘ _‘ ‘^Ibbo^\I\_‘
!I^Ibo‘^IVWI!???????????????????????? rQ
T@Nfhba‘
b_J!dN4acadNhbj???????????????????? rQ
@f\dT@\a!f‘
b_J!dN4acadNhbj
VIN4‘^IV????????????????????????????????? re
!aIJ_‘^p\o
0s\oKIVIN4I^_‘????????????????????? rk
)Nhbbj !aIJ_‘^p\o
0s\oKIVIN4I^_‘????????????????????? rk
@Kb@!ITIbo!??????????????????????????? rt
Td\dVYh^\I\o???????????????????????? rt0IL\hTbh!???????????????????????????????? rq
KIb‘o KIVIN4I^_‘I!?????????????? rP
\@cYdJVh0?????????????????????????????? OQ
@f\dT@\a!f‘
‘^aN\‘^@Khb]d^h‘g
iNIfT@\a!f‘
!IV_!0Ib0mJJI‘^\_‘?????????????? Oe
f\jb@J Wh‘hVdb\
\@V\d^_!d!????????????????????????????? Ok

Page 12 of 304

@ LhVTs TIJa‘TIV_‘I

* !/*$ >(:"
7"&:+."7
WJ\1A4S
@ >-89# *>>*%1 F-(-$-33 =7C*>*;
7:C*(7B*% 2 &9:;<=*3 *>*(3:-%1(5#
1%CA39#.93>D :*%C#$*::*> >9339( *>?
@$ 1%CA3D(5>6# ./G&39#(286#->DBD>
3":37%E (1,G$9#2(-: 253-;231(5#2%
2(31=9>DC1(?
T1%C*% (5>6#B2 *./+ 2 ;-3-:
1%CA39#2(-: (DC->3+ :9C1DF:*(=*%619#
&*>*(*3 (1B-6#93D *>*(3:-%1(5#
#$*:(*$*3 =2% B*78A3=*+ 2;*>/
&*>*(*3 2 ;<#$*:F2>1 ./G&39#(286#->D
2%3*%%9&2 =*#$? I$ 2 ;1%C*%
;-3-:1%CA39#(-: =9>3-$D &*>#-:-$23 2
(DC->3 u&*>#$Du+ 2;*>/%*( #*.A3#7.7=*>
2 =*$7:>E*./#7. F*>1#;*:1 2$
1%CA3D(5>6#-3+ 7# *%.*C7>/*$1 2 ;-3-:
1%CA39#93?
cd
1?@ABCD
T1%C*% ;-3-:1%CA39#(-:+ 2;1(-: 2$
1%CA3D(5>6#-3
6MW9>>9#B2 F-:CA3&5(+ 2
0123 cd4I :*%C#$*: =*$7:>E*./#7.*
2 F5%(61D( B>-((->9#9%2( F*>->C9#9:2
*>(’>C1 2$ 1%CA39#3 *%.*C7>/*$E (DC-3 2
;-3-: =*$7:>E*./#7.7%*(?
I%%*( 2 (DC%2( 2 3-=9BBA39#2 6#2(
2((-: 3":37%1( ;*.+ ,2 2 0123 cd4I:*%C#$*: =*$7:>E*./#7.* F*>1#;*:3* 2
(5>6# 9>32> (1B-6#93-33 (DC->3 &*>*3?
@;1(-: 2 ./G&39#(5>6#-3 ‘\di 9>>9#B2
F-:CA3&5(+ 2 0123 cd4I :*%C#$*: >*31>3&2 2
;-3-: =*$7:>E*./#7. ;<("C7#73?
1?@ABCDE
FGHBGIIGHGDDCJ
Y2 1%CA39# ("$B*% %*; 3":37%3
;*. 2 (DC ;*.F*>*>E F*>1#;*:7#*+
2 ;<#$*:F2>-% F*>./5>>2C 2$ *>>*%E:$E
>9;82 =2./ 2
#$1;BD>5;+ 2 (1&*>$E%
;*.&*>*%A3*33 ’$*%*33*> *./’33 R>9#C 2
uL*>$E>9;89( 7# ’$*%*3*(v F*&*$*3B*%
>*A:32(23S?
a>/*% *#*3B*% F-:CA3#5( 2$ 1%CA3D(5>6#-3
2 ‘\di 9>>9#B2+ ;2&C 1#;73 2 T@V
9>>9#B2H ,2 2 ;-3-: 3-=9BB:2 #*;
1%C5>+ 1#;73*>&’( ;*. 2$ 1%CA39#3 2
.78(-6#1,-$ (28-33 ;9#1( (5>6#-((2>?
Y2 *$*( 539% #*; #1(*:’> 2 ;-3-:
B*1%CA39#2+ >78&’%( (286#->23B2 *./
0123 ;9:(2#$*:=1$$*>?
0aJ]IbTI^\I\_‘ T1%C*./1( (5>6#%2(
#2&93 (DC&2 =2%+ 2;*>/*3 2 :*%C#$*:
=*$7:>E*./#7.7B*% (*>> 39:->%1? \-=9BB1+
"##$*#*% ;2w1;5; q CB G& (5>6#
(DC&9%2( B*398>9>9#9,-$ (*:*##’%( F*>
*./ 0123 ;9:(2#$*:=1$3?*K GIIGHLFKL IMNOPQ
RPJS P
DKENTUIVN
WGIJSVIIPBMDP NGHGX
@AKTGH
@ F1./*>;*$3*3E >9;82 =2./ 2
#$1;BD>5; F*>./5>>2C9#2 2$3 &*>*%31+
,-./ 2 :*%C#$*: 788*% "%C12.%D$1#3
F->/323 R8>? F*#$’>3#7.*#7# ;1233S?
Y2 2 F1./*>;*$3*3E >9;82 =2./
2
#$1;BD>5; 3-=9BB:2 1# 7.=*
;2:2C+ >78&’%( (286#->23B2 *./ 0123
;9:(2#$*:=1$$*>?
!"#$%&’%()%)*+
,-Y2 2 (5>6#-3 *:E# ’37# 7:1+ 2 B*78A3*33
*>*(3:-%1(5# 2>(23:7#$*( (9:-#-C,23%2(?
@ B*78A3*33 *>*(3:-%1(5# 2>(23:7#$*(
(1F-.9#32>2% ;<("C7#* 7:C*(7B*% #-,2 %*
3*./’( (1 2 (5>6#-3 ("$=*3>*% %28#5.9:$9#
,239#9%2(?

Page 13 of 304

* -2#>+(-
1">4*&/-2+ -2#>+
@ (5>6# F7;3->>2 R@S 9B:2 e F1w ,*>/$*3<?
@ (5>6# 2$ 2>9BB12(23 ;<("C3*31X
2 ./G&39#(286#->D3H
2$ 2&3D$9:2(23H
2 32%(#28(2 %/139#93[$9:9#93?
!0cMeeef
$5))".%7#Y)"#
"##5$($$ -2#>+
@ (5>6# B*,2&3,23D F7; 3->>2 R@S 9B:2 k
2$ 2>9BB12(23 ;<("C3*31X
2 ./G&39#(286#->D3H
2$ 2&3D$9:2(23H
2 32%(#28(2 %/139#93[$9:9#93?
@ (5>6# F7; 3->>9%2(
(13->9#9,-$[=1##$2,G$9#9,-$ %/-;&5(
;*. 2 RKS .-;B-3 9B:2 k?
"0cMeeeg
@.-;B ;<("C3*31 2$ *>#E 2&3D(
39=;<("C3*37#< %/139#93?
@
.-;B ;<("C3*31 2$ "##$*# 2&3D
39=;<("C3*37#< $9:9#93?
@
.-;B ;<("C3*31 2 :2(-CD37:
2&3D( 39=;<("C3*37#< %/139#93?
cd
Y2 2$ 2&3D( $9:9#9%9> *./ =2./ 3"BB
2&3D %1%6# ;*.F*>*>E*% B*6#5(=2+ 2 >*C
./-:#2% =1>>-. 2$ 1:9%/&*>$E((*> *./’33?
cd
!"#$%&%’
,-c#2( 2((-: %/-;&5( ;*. 2 RKS .-;B-3+
2;1(-: 2 (5>6# 39=-> =2% 2 3*#33E>+
(’>"%"#*% 2 #$*;3E> 7# 2 (9:-#A3,23D
39:./2(3D> R87>C95> :5,9$23S? N* ,2./&5(
2 (5>6#-3 F*>’./*>*3 %7>(’>+ %*,-./
=2>2(1+ (’>"%"#*% ./*:;*(*( =7>*3>*%’>
;*.%/-;&9( 2 .-;B-3?
!"#$%&’%()%)*+
,-@ (1;*:’>3 *>*;*( *>C-B9#2 =*#$7>/*# 2
(":%/*$*3:*+ *$7:3 2$-(23 2 3":=7%/B*%
*>EA:3 ;DC-%+ #8*619>1# 39:->D*C7%/B*%
(*>> ./<&3*%1+ =2./ >* (*>> 2C%1 *./ 0123
;9:(2#$*:=1$B*%+ 2,-> .-%C-#(-C%2( 2
;*.F*>*>E (*$*>7#’(:E>?
9;06$5+-*Z>+(#3
@$ 1%CA3D(5>6# l (’>"%B"$E 8-$A61DB2
F-:CA3,23D 9B:2 lX
‘\diX 2 ;-3-: (1(286#->=2+ 2 (5>6#
(1,G$,23D+ 2 (-:;9%/$9: :*3*#$*>=*?
I./*# *>*(3:-;-# B*:*%C*$7#*(
R8>? 253D:9C1D+ ("$8-%31 $9: #3B?S
;<("C3*3,*3E(H
T@VX ,2>2C9#1 ,*>/$*3? T1%C*%
*>*(3:-;-# B*:*%C*$7# ;<("C3*3,*3EH
@WWX 2 ;-3-: 1%CA39#2 R1%#32B1>
8-$A61DS?

Page 14 of 304

@ LhVTs TIJa‘TIV_‘I

#0cMeeeh
@ ./G&39#(286#->D *>*(3:-%1(5#
:91%CA39#.93>D B*:*%C*$7##*> =2%
*>>93=2+ *$7:3 ,2 2 ;-3-: 2$ *>#E
(A#7:>*3:* %*; 1%C5>+ 2$ G&2BB 1%CA39#
*>E33 F-:CA3#5( =1##$2 2 (5>6#-3 2 ‘\di
9>>9#B2?
idjdgdkd
-(715&;.57
R<:<#
@ (286#->D ‘\di 9>>9#B2% ,G$$5(
(1 2$ 1%CA3D(5>6#-3+ 7# F-:CA3#5( *> 2
(-:;9%/(*:*(*3 2 :*3*#$*>EC7#3 &*>$E
(2332%9#1.?
S*"%<#
@ (1:*3*#$*>7#,*$ 2$ 1%CA3D(5>6# T@V
9>>9#B2 F-:CA39#2(-: ;-$.2##5( 2
(-:;9%/(*:*(*3 (1##7 &-BB:2UB2>:2?
M$"-NE%@.?’B#."I=$<#7
7?%C>7%".?##&;&##9)D<’%@D7’
#$&:&’%D<’%C$7%C.-<’
@$ 1%CA3D(5>6#-3 6#2( i ,*>/$*3B*% >*=E
(2: *#*37% >*,*3 (1,G$%1?
Y2 2 ;-3-: i 8-$A61D3D> *>37:E
8-$A61DB2% >7=E =9>3D(2: ;*>>*33
9>> >*X 3*./’( i ,*>/$*3B* 2 (2:3
O ;9#-C8*:6*% B*>’>? @ ;<=*>*3
*>=7.$7#73 ("=*3E*%+ (B? lQ
;9#-C8*:61.+ (1 >*,*3 ,G$%1 2$
1%CA3D(5>6#-3? Y2 %*; 32:3&5( B* 2$
*>EA:3 1CE3 7# F*>373*>*(*3+ 2$ 1%CA3D(5>6#
253-;231(5#2% B>-((->?
@$ 1%CA3D(5>6# (1,G$9#9,-$ *>E#$": *>
(*>> F-:CA32%1 T@V 9>>9#B2+ ;2&C ‘\di
9>>9#B2 2 F*%31 *>&9:9# ;*.1#;73>7#7=*>?
!"#$%&%’
.-Y2 2 ./G&39#(286#->D ;*.#7:’>3
R8>? >-89#1 (A#7:>*3%7> ;*.:-%.9>39(S+ 2$
535%( F->/3239#2 *>E33 *>>*%E:1$3*##’( 2
;<("C7#73 *./ 0123 ;9:(2#$*:=1$B*%?
/-T1%C1. ,G$$5( (1 2$ 1%CA3D(5>6#-3+ 2;1(-:
(1#$9>>5%( 2 &9:;<BE>+ ,-./ ;*.*>E$$’(
2 (*$*>E#$*:=*( F*>’./*>*3 %7>(’>1
;<("C3*37#73? N* F*>*C&’( *> B*,G$%1 2
(7$1F7(*3? !286#->&5( 2 #*B*##7.=9>3D3
2$ *>#E F-(-$23B2+ ,2 *;*>(*CE%+ =2./
,93:2;*%*3B*+ ,2 >*&3E% 82:(->5%( 2
&9:;<=*>? ‘-,2 %* ,2./&5%( ./*:;*(*(*3 2
&9:;<B*% F*>’./*>*3 %7>(’>?
0-‘-,2 %* ,G$$5( (1 2 ./G&39#(5>6#-3 2
&9:;< ;-$.9#2 ("$B*%? @ (-:;9%/$9: 2$*>#E (-:;9%/;-$C5>23:2+ 253-;231(5#2%
:*3*#$*>1 2 (-:;9%/(*:*(*3? f./2%*$
=-%23(-$1( 2 &9:;< =-%3239#9%2( *#*37:*
1#?
1-‘$1.-:G2% 31>-# ;1%C*% 53D>2.-#+
2 (-:;9%/#$*:(*$*3*3 =2./ 2
(-:;9%/-#$>-8-3 7:1%3E B*2=23(-$9#+
932>2(A39# R8>? >-89#.93>D B*:*%C*$7#
B*#$*:*>7#*S+ ;*:3 *$ #G>/-#2%
=*#$7>/*$3*31 2 .78(-6#1 ;*%*3B1$3-%#9.93
7# 2 ,-%-#A39#1 ("=*3*>;7%/*(%*( =2>D
;*.F*>*>7#3+ *$*% 3G>;*%E*% 2 .2:2%612
*>=*#$37#73 1# *:*C;7%/*$1?
"#"-$7(&/-2+
7/*+.$3f
<"7"&:".%+
RB1$-%/-# =9>3-$23-([8126-( *#*37B*%S
@$ *>E$E*(B*% >*A:3 39==*$7:>E F5%(61D(
;*>>*331 :12#$3DB*:*%C*$7# F5%(61D(23
2 ;<#$*:F2>1 B1$3-#A37(39B>2 ("$*>7B*%
*>,*>/*$*33 =*=E*./#7. =*$7:>1?
.MFMD
@$ 2&3D( 7# 2 ;-3-:,9$3*3E B*6#5(-33
9>>28-39B2%+ (1,G$-33 =2./ ‘\di
9>>9#B2 F-:CA3-33 1%CA3D(5>6# *#*37%
1:9%/A3#5( 2 39==*$7:>E# (5>6#-3 2
.78(-6#1 F*>7+ ;2&C %/-;&5( ;*. 7#
*%.*C&’( *> 2 x$9:Dv .-;B-3?
I./*# 8126-( (1=73*>7=*>+ 2
:12#$3D:*%C#$*: 2 B*(286#->9#3 *./
,2%.&*>$7##*> RuKaiuS 7# 2$ 2&3D(
B*$9:9#9=2> %/5.39$$2?

Page 15 of 304

@ :12#$3DB*:*%C*$7# B*(286#->9#93
;*.*>E$1 *./ "%C12.%-#$31(21 3*#$3X
,2 2 :*%C#$*: ,1B93 7#$>*>+ *./ 3-=9BB1
,2%.&*>$7#3 B-6#93 (1?
IBB*% 2$ *#*3B*% (286#->&5( (1 2
:*%C#$*:3 2$ x2&3D( 7# :2(-CD37: 2&3D(
%/139#2v .-;B ;*.%/-;9#9=2>+
*>>*%E:1$$’( 2$ 2&3D( 7# 2 ;-3-:,9$3*3E
;*.F*>*>E*% B*6#5(-33 9>>28-393+ 7#
1#;73 (286#->&5( B* 2 :*%C#$*:3 2
x$9:9#v .-;B ;*.%/-;9#9=2>?
I>>*%(*$E *#*3B*%+ 2 %*; ;*.F*>*>E*%
B*6#5(-33 2&3D3+ 6#-;2.37:2&3D3 7#
;-3-:,9$3*3E3 2 :12#$3D:*%C#$*: (1$9:&2
2 F*>’./*>*3 2>D>?
Y2 2$ 2&3D( 7# 2 ;-3-:,9$3*3E
;*.F*>*>E*% B* =2%%2( 6#5(=2+ 7# 2
:*%C#$*: A./ 1# ,2%.&*>$7#3 B-6#93 (1+ 2$
2 :*%C#$*: ;<("C7#1 ,1B9&93 &*>$1? a>/*%
*#*3B*% >78&’%( (286#->23B2 *./ 0123
;9:(2#$*:=1$$*>?
0aJ]IbTI^\I\_‘ Y2 2 ("$8-%31
$9: ;<("C3*37#* 2$ 1%CA3D(5>6#
F7; 3->>9%2( *>F-:CA39#9=2> 3":37%3+ 2
:12#$3DB*:*%C*$7# %*; 2(31=9>DC1(?
0aJ]IbTI^\I\_‘ @
:12#$3DB*:*%C*$7# ./9:1 B*9>>A39#21
2 (’>"%B"$E -:#$9.-( *>EA:9#213D>
F’..E*% =9>3-$,23%2(?&SEXMD
N/-;&5( ;*. 2 39==*$7:>E x2&3D( 7#
:2(-CD37: 2&3D( %/139#2v .-;B&93?
@ (1(286#->9#(-: 2 ("=*3(*$E(
3":37%%*( R*./*# 8126-( (1=73*>7=*>SX
2$ 1:9%/&*>$E( (73#$*:1+ :"=1C
F*>=1>>2%9#2H
(73 :"=1C ,2%.&*>$7# RuKaiuSH
2$ 2&3D$9:2( %/139#2?
0aJ]IbTI^\I\_‘ Y2 2
("$8-%31 $9: (1:*3*#$*>7#* 2$
1%CA3D(5>6# *>F-:CA39#9=2> 3":37%3+ 2
:12#$3DB*:*%C*$7# %*; (286#-> (1?
-E@PO[D\IMD
@ :12#$3DB*:*%C*$7# 3*>&*#
(1(286#->9#9,-$ R8>? 2 .78(-6#1
,-##$2BB 1C*&< >*9>>A39#2(-:S
*./#$*:<*% $9:&5( B* 2 .78(-6#13 2
39==*$7:>E# (5>6# F7; 3->>9%2( 2 $9:B2%
=2>D *>F-:CA39#9=2>?
0aJ]IbTI^\I\_‘ @ 39=1:9%/A3D#
(5>6# *>*;*1%*( >*;*:’>7#* =2./
2 :*%C#$*: ’$*;$2=2:2 *#*37% 2
:12#$3D (1(286#->9#9,-$ ,*>/*$$’( 2$
1%CA3D(5>6#-3 2 ./G&39#(286#->DB2+ 7#
F-:CA3#5( T@V 9>>9#B2?
*6$3-
*6$3- -].Z(&$/
.575+*^&;/$5+*
MG%@.’&$<:<#7.ED,’:O’
^9:3 2&3D(%9> %/-;&5( ;*. 2
%/-;D.-;B-3 2 39=1:9%/A3D%+ 9B:2 r
U 9B:2 O+ =2./ ,*>/*$$’( B* 2
=*$*3E->C2>1 2&3D $9:&9B2+ 7# F-:.2##5(
*> 2$ D:2 &9:9#9=2> *./*$E 1:9%/B2 2$
R@S F7;B*373*3? @$ 2&3D$9: 6#2( 2((-:
;<("C1(+ ,2 2$ "##$*# 2&3D B* =2%
6#5(=2?
@ (5>6# F7; 3->>9%2( (1%/139#9,-$
%/-;&5( ;*. 2 RKS .-;B-3?
Y2 *./ =2./ 3"BB 2&3D %/13=2 =2% 2
39=1:9%/A3D
.-;B&9%2( ;*.%/-;9#2
539%+ 2$ 1:9%/&*>$E( 7# 2$ R@S .-;B-%
9B:2 t >7=E bI4 ./-:#2% =1>>-. (B? l
;9#-C8*:61.? @(3A= F5%(61D%9> 2$ R@S
%/-;D.-;B 9B:2 t >*31>3-33 ,*>/$*3B*
(*:’>?
@ 39==*$7:>E
.-;B&9%2( (73#$*:1+
:"=1C ;*.%/-;9#9=2> ;<("C7#B*
,-$,23&5( 2 uC*2C >-6(u B1$3-%#9.1
$9:9# F5%(61D3 R>9#C 2 u4*2C >-6(
F5%(61Du 6A;< :7#$3S?

Page 16 of 304

@ LhVTs TIJa‘TIV_‘I

$0cMecci
%0cMeccj
MG%@.-*"%<#7.ED,’:O’
N/-;&5( ;*. :"=1C*% 29B:2 r
=2./
9B:2 O %/-;D.-;B-3 2
=9>3-$23 F’..=7%/7B*%+ 2$ *>#E 2&3D(
39=(1->C9#9,-$+ 2 B*>#E 3*3E=1>9.A39#
1CE$A3*33 B*(286#->9#9,-$ 7# (*33E#
1:9%/&*>$E F*>=1>>2%9#,-$?
&0cMeccg
@$ "##$*# 2&3D $9:9#9,-$ F-:.2##5(
*> 2 =*$*3E ->C2>1 2&3D $9:,*%.*:7B*
1>>*#$3*33 (5>6#-3 2$ D:2;5323D
&9:9#9=2> *>>*%(*$E 1:9%/B2 9B:2 n?
b*("3"33 2((5;5>93-::2> 2 &9:;<B*
B*&539# (1$9:D>2. 2 =*$*3E ->C2>1 2&3D
;*6,2%1(5# $9:#$*:(*$*33*> 3":37%E
(1%/139#9=2> >*,*3#7.*#?
MG%@.$<:<#7b-*"%<#7;&’,’:O’
N/-;&5( ;*. 2$ R@S 9B:2 t
%/-;D.-;B-3 2$ 2&3D( :*3*#$*>7#7,*$+
%/-;&5( ;*. ;7. *./#$*: 2
(1->C9#5(,-$? @ $9:9#1[%/139#1
;<=*>*3*( 2$ *>#E 7# 2 ,93#D 2&3D(%9>
*./’33 3":37%%*(?
@$ 2&3D( $9:3 9>>28-39B2% 2$ R@S .-;B
F7%/C1DC9&2 =1>9.A3H ,2 2 .-;B G&2BB
;*.%/-;9#9=2> %/13&5( 2$ 2&3D$9:2(23+
2 F7%/C1DC2 (12>#$1(?
@$ 2&3D( %/13-33 9>>28-39B2% 2 F7%/C1DC2
%*; =1>9.A3+ 7# 1>/*% *#*3B*% 2 .-;B
G&2BB ;*.%/-;9#9=2> :*3*#$*>,*3&’(2$ "##$*# 2&3D$9:23? @$ 2&3D$9: 6#2(
2((-: ;<("C1(+ ,2 2$ "##$*# 2&3D
;*.F*>*>E*% B* =2% 6#5(=2?
’0cMejej
Y2 2$ 2&3D(23 B*$9:35(X
39==*$7:>E
2&3D $9:B*373
%*; 35C&5( 2 ;<#$*:F2>-% *>,*>/*$*33
R@S %/-;D.-;BB2> 9B:2 t *>=7.*$%1 2
(1->C9#3?
0aJ]IbTI^\I\_‘ @ ("$8-%31 $9:
B*$9:3 9>>28-39B2% 2$ *./1( *>’>#E
2&3D B*>#E (1>1%6#7%*( ;*.,G$9#9=2>
2 ("$8-%31 $9: (1%/A>1(? @ ,93#D 2&3D(
B*>#E (1>1%6#7=*> 6#2( 2$ 2C-33 2&3D$9:
:*3*#$*>7#73 ->C,23&5(?
@$ 9:2;*>>939# (1;2:2C9#2 *#*37%
R(1->=2C3 B1$3-#A37(+ >*("3"33
2((5;5>93-: #3B?S 2$ 2&3D( $9:9#2
;2%59>1#2% >*,*3#7.*#?

Page 17 of 304

T*%*3 ("$B*%+ 2 kQ (;[D:9# #*B*##7.
*>7:7#* 539% ;*.3":37%1( 2$ "##$*# 2&3D
253-;231(5# $9:9#2+ ,2 (1&*>">3’( *$3 2
‘*358 ;*%’B*% 2(31=9>,23D F5%(61D3
R>9#C u@ ;<#$*:F2> ;*.1#;*:7#*u
F*&*$*3 u\"BBF5%(61D# (1&*>$Ev
B*(*$C7#*S?
2$*+(#:*#/ *6$3
1">4*&/-2+ 7"$"+."
@$ *#$("$$*> ;*. >*,*3 2(2C9>/-$%1+
,-./ *>*(3:-;-# B*398>9>9# ,19%/2
*#*37% R2((5;5>93-: (1("37#*S 2$
532#->C2>1 2&3D3 (A=’>:E> (1%/1##9(?
@$ *#$("$3 9B:2 q 6#2( 2((-: >*,*3
2(31=9>%1+ ,2 2$ 532#->C2>1 2&3D %1%6#
B*$9:=2?
@$ 2>9BB12( #$*:1%3 &9:&-% *>X
Y*>/*$$’( 2 (5>6#-3 2 (7#$’>7(B*
R@S+ 7# 2$ 9B:2 #$*:1%3 =7.*$$’%( *./
F*>F*>7 1:9%/5>D ;-$C5>23-3 2$ 2&3D
:*3*#$*>7#7,*$ 9B:2 q?
^9:&5(B*2$2&3D3?
@$ 2&3D (’>#E (1>1%6#7=*> *>>*%E:1$$’(+
,-./ 2$ 2&3D =2>DB2% B>-((->3U*?
@ (7#$’>7( (1->C9#9,-$ ,2#$%9>&5(
2$ 532#->C2>1 2&3D B*>#E (1>1%6#73+
=2./ ,2 ,*>/:*9>>3 2$ 2((5;5>93-:-#
*>*(3:-;-# B*398>9>9#+ ,2#$%9>&5( 2
39=1:9%/A3D# (5>6#
=2./.-;B&93
R2$-(%9> 2 =9>3-$23-(%9>[8126-(%9> 2,->
:*%C*>,*3ES?
A
(0cMeghg
7*-$%7
7"$"+."#%+"^-/(#:5+*
@ B*(286#->3 9>>28-3-3 2 .-;B-% >7=E
bI4 (1./5>>2C9#2 &*>$1?
@ bI4 2$ 2>9BB1 *#*3*(B*% =1>9.A3X
2 R4S %/-;D.-;BB2> 9B:2 P =2./ 2
;<#$*:F2>1
.-;BB2> =7.$*33 ;1%C*%
2&3D:*3*#$*>7# 539%H
2 ;<#$*:6#-8-:3 B*(286#->9#2(-:H
=2>2;*>/1( *>’>#E 2&3D %/13-33
9>>28-39B2%H
2$ 2&3D( kQ (;[, #*B*##7.%7>
3":37%E >*$9:9#2(-: R,2 2 ;*%’B*% B*
=2% (286#->=2SH
@ (12>=9#2 2 :2(37:2&3D( *./1(7%*(
(1%/139#2(-: =2./ 2$ 2&3D(
(1:*3*#$*>7#*(-: R:2(37: =2./ "##$*#
2&3DS =2./ 2 39==*$7:>E=*>[$9:B*373%7>
3":37%E (1:*3*#$*>7#(-: ("=*3(*$1( B*?
)0cMeccl
:"*: #(>-
<"7"&:".%+
RB1$-%/-# =9>3-$23-([8126-( *#*37B*%S
I$ 2 B1$3-%#9.1 B*:*%C*$7#
;*.2(2C9>/-$$2 2$ 2&3D( B*>’>:E> =2>D
%/139#93?
@ :*3*#$*>E[(1->CD R@S 9B:2 t .-;B
#*.A3#7.7=*> ;*..93->,23D 2$ 2&3D(
B*>’>:E>+ 2$ 532#37:BE> 3":37%E (1%/139#2+
2;*%%/1B*% *./ B*3":7#1 8:DB9>(-$9#
3":37%3 R87>C95> *./ 2B>2( B*3":7#*S?
@ C*2C >-6( B*:*%C*$7# .2:2%39>&2 2
>*.%2./-BB B1$3-%#9.-3 2 .78(-6#1
F*>3":7#7=*> 3":37%E >-89# *>>*%? I$7:3
F*>373>*%’> 2&9%>23-# 2 B*:*%C*$7#3
B*(286#->%1+ ,2 2 &9:;<=*3 E:1$*3>*%’>
,2./&5(?
ld
M;&:&-N&$9#;&.7LB#C’<#7
@ B*:*%C*$7# ;1%C*% 2&3D%
253-;231(5#2% B*(286#->+ ,2 ./-:#2%+

Page 18 of 304

@ LhVTs TIJa‘TIV_‘I

(73#$*: ;*.%/-;&5( 2 39==*$7:>E#
(5>6#
.-;B&93 9B:2 r?
@ B*(286#->9# ;*.3":37%373 2
B*:*%C*$7# 2$ 1:9%/&*>$E( ,9:-;#$-:1
F*>=1>>2%39#9=2> 7# 2 ;<#$*:F2>1 R@S .-;B
bI4U&7%*( 9B:2 t =1>>-.9#9=2> &*>$1?
@ B*:*%C*$7# %*; >78 ;<("C7#B*+ ,2
*./ =2./ 3"BB 2&3D %1%6# ;*.F*>*>E*%
B*6#5(=2X 1>/*% ;DC-% (*:’>,*3E
*> 2$+ ,-./ ,2 *./ #$*;7>/ 2 %/13-33
2&3D% 93 B*#$9>> 2 .78(-6#1B2+ 2$ 2&3D
B*6#5(9#2(-: 2$ 532#37:B* $9:32%
;2:2C&-%?
M
M;&:&-N&$9#.".7LB#C’<#7
@ B*:*%C*$7# ;1%C*./1( 2&3D%9>
253-;231(5#2% (1(286#-> 2$ 2>9BB1
*#*3*(B*%X
2 ;*6,2%1(5# 1%CA3D(5>6# %/139#1
9>>9#:2 3":37%E *>F-:CA39#9=2> 2 =*$*3E
->C2>1 2&3DB2%H
2$ 2&3D( 39==*$7:>E:E> 3":37%E
%/139#9%2( *>=7.$7#7=*>H
2$ 1%CA3D(5>6# T@V 9>>9#B2
F-:CA39#2(-:?
(#:*#+3 $(#3*6$3
mdfd
@$ ->C2>#D 3->D2&3D %/139#9,-$ *;*>&’(
F*> 2$ R@S (1>1%6#*3 9B:2 eQ+ 7# (7$$*>
3->&5( ,93:2 2$ 2&3D3?
!*0cMeccm
@$ ->C2>#D 3->D2&3D :*3*#$*>E
#$*:(*$*33*> =2% *>>93=2+ 2;*>/ 2
3*>&*#*% (1%/13-33 ,*>/$*3B*% :".$A31 2$
2&3D3?
@$ 2&3D $9:9#9,-$ 2$ R@S (’>#E R=2./
2 =*>* #$*;B*% >*=E B*>#ES (1>1%6#%7>
F-.=2+ *>E:* 3->=2 6#5(&5( B* 2$ 2&3D3?
T1%C*% *#*3B*% ’./*>&’%( 2::2+ ,-./
2$ 2&3D 3*>&*#*% (1%/13-33 ,*>/$*3B*%
;*.F*>*>E*% ;*.2(2C&-% 2 :*3*#$*>E
#$*:(*$*3B*%?
@$ ->C2>#D 3->D2&3D 9>>2%CD ;*.F*>*>E
;<("C7#7%*( B1$3-#A39#9:2 2 37>1
1CE#$2(B2% R2>26#-%/ ,E;7:#7(>*3*(
;*>>*33S+ (*%&’( &D> ;*. 2 3";A37#3X
F-:C5>&5%( 2 0123 W*=E#$->.9>231
Y9>D$23,-$?
9;"7"-</.$(&+59/
+."7-"."$
R*./*# =9>3-$23-(%9> [ 8126-(-%S
T*.2(2C9>/-$$2 2$ ->C2>#D 3->D2&3D(
B*>’>:E> 3":37%E %/139#93?@ B*:*%C*$7# 9B:2 ee B*U =2./
(1(286#->9#2 6#2( 2$ ->C2>#D 3->D2&3D
(1%/13-33 9>>28-39B2% 3":37%,*3X
ReS 8-$A61D@ (7#$’>7( (1 =2% 1(323=2
R2$ 2&3D B*>’>:E> %/13,23DS
RkS 8-$A61D!7#$’>7( B*(286#->=2
R2&3D $9:=2S
!!0cMecgj
@ B*(286#->3 #$*:(*$*3 2$ 2&3D(
*>*(3:-;-# (1->C9#9%2( =7.:*,2&39#2
*#*37% 1# B*(286#->=2 ;2:2C?
hd
45$+3 -%$+.57&;0
*6$3
cedccd
M$&’#O7G%@#$<:-*-*"%<#7.ED,’:O’
0-:.2##5( *> 2 (5>6#-3 2$ D:2 &9:9#9=2>
*>>*%373*# 1:9%/B2 9B:2 n+ =2./
%/-;&5( ;*. 2
%/-;D.-;B-3
2 39=1:9%/A3D%+ 7# ;-$CA3#5( 2$ R@S
(1>1%6#*3 9B:2 ek 2 %/A>>2> &*>$*33 1:9%/B2?

Page 19 of 304

!"0cMecie
M$&’#O7G%@#$<:-*-*"%<#7;&’,’:O’
RB1$-%/-# =9>3-$23-([8126-( *#*37B*%S
YG$$5( 2 RKS 9B:2 el (1>1%6#*3 2 %/A>>2>
&*>$*33 1:9%/B2?
M$&’#O7G%@#$<:-*$<:<#7.ED,’:O’
0-:.2##5( *> 2 (5>6#-3 2$ D:2;5323D
&9:9#9=2> ;*.*./*$E 1:9%/B2+ =2./
%/-;&5( ;*. 2 39==*$7:>E# 1%CA3D(5>6#
.-;B&93? ^9:&5( B* *>E#$": 2 B2>
->C2>1+ ;2&C 2 &-BB ->C2>1 2&3D#$9:%/23?
!#0cMecic
M><#CN".#$<:-*.9$"-*"%<#7
YG$$5( 2 RcS 9B:2 er (1>1%6#*3 2 %/A>>2>
&*>$*33 1:9%/B2?
@ (73#$9:%/G ,93#D 2&3D( (73 %/139#1
,*>/$*33*> :*%C*>(*$%*(X 2$ *>#E
(":’>B*>’> PQU-#+ 2 ;9#-C1( (":’>B*>’>
eqQU-#H *./*# =9>3-$23-(%9>[8126-(%9>
2 ktQU-# %/139# 1# *>7:,*3E?
@ #$9:%/2# 2&3D( eqQU-# =2./ ktQU
-# R2$-(%9> 2 =9>3-$23-(%9>[8126-(%9>+
2,-> *>7:,*3ES %/139#9,-$ &9:&5%( *> 2
("=*3(*$E( #$*:1%3X
9>>A3#5( 2$ 2&3D( %/139#93 PQU:2H
F->/32##5( 2$ 2&3D ,G$9#93
->/2% *:E=*>+ 2;1 >*,*3E=7 3*#$1 2
eqQU-#+ =2./ 2 ktQU-# R2$-(%9>
2 =9>3-$23-(%9>[8126-(%9>+ 2,->
:*%C*>,*3ES %/139#1 ,*>/$*3 *>7:7#73?
!$0cMecii
4’&.%:C>C#$<:<#;&’,’:O’
c#5(&5( B* ;1%C(73 2&3D#$9:%/23
R*>E#$": 2 B2> ->C2>13+ 2$539% 2
&-BB ->C2>13S+ 7# %/-;&5( ;*. 2$2B>2(;-$.23D .-;B-( ;*>>*33 >*=E R4S
.-;B-3 9B:2 eO?
!%0cMecij
1(.93 !"##%ZY
RB1$-%/-# =9>3-$23-([8126-( *#*37B*%S
@ B*U 7# (1#$9>>9# ;*.("%%/A37#7:*
2$ 532#37: =2./ 2 :2(-CD37: ->C2>#D
3->D2&32&9%2( %/139#2(-: *./ ;-$.D
F*>>78E 9B:2 en %/G>1( (1 2 .78(-6#1
82C>D&2 2>D>?
cidcjdcgdckdcld
id
!&0cMecch

Page 20 of 304

@ LhVTs TIJa‘TIV_‘I

45$+3 !"##%ZY
R9:5#$9>>A3D F5:.-% =9>3-$23-( *#*37%S
cidcjdcgdckdcld
id
@ .78(-6#1 ,93#D =1##$2,G$DCD
F*>>78E=*> R@S 9B:2 et >*,*3 *>>93=2+
2;*>/%*( 2$ 2 F5%(61D&2+ ,-./
;*.("%%/A3#* 2 ,93#D :2(37:B* =2>D
B*>787#3 7# 2$ -%%2% =2>D (1>787#3?
@ &9:;< (’>#E ;7:*3*1%*(
;*.%"=*>7#73 *>(*:’>*%CE 2 F*>>78E
,2#$%9>23-% (A=’> 2 &9:;< 2>9
6#G#$323,23D?
@ F*>>78E 6#G#$3239#2 ;2%59>1#2%
3":37%1( ;1%C 2 %/139#1+ ;1%C 2 $9:9#1
F9$1#B2%?
!’0cMegce
!"#$%&%’
2-@ C*2C >-6( B*:*%C*$7# B*(286#->9#2
539% #*;;1>/*% ;DC-% %*; >*,*3 2
.78(-6#13 B*>’>:E> (1%/13%1+ *$7:3 (1#$9>>9#
*>E33 ./E$EC&’%( ;*. 2::D>+ ,-./#*%(1 #*; ;2:2C3 2$ 532#37:B*%? Y2
2 39==*$7:>E# (5>6# *>*;* >*;*:’>3+ 2
B*:*%C*$7#3 (1$9:D>2. 2 (5>6# F7; 3->>9%2(
;1%C(73 2&3D $9:B*373&7B*% 3":37%E
*>F-:CA39#9=2>+ 2$ *>EBB1*(B*% >*A:3 ;DC-%
>*,*3 (11(323%1X 1>/*% *#*3B*% 2 B*:*%C*$7#
6#2( 2 ,93#D 2&3D(-% ;2:2C B*(286#->=2?
3-T1*>E33 2 .78(-6#13 %/13-33 3->D2&3D=2>
=9:2(-$%1 ,2./&5(+ ;1%C1. *>>*%E:1$$’(+
,-./ 2%%2( ;*.BA$,23D :".$A37#*
;*.3":37%&*%?
4-N* ;-$.2##5( 2 &9:;<=*3 %/13-33
->C2>2&3D((2>?
5-T1%C1. (286#->&5( B* *$3 2 B*:*%C*$7#3+
2;1(-: ./*:;*(*3 #$9>>A35%( 2
.78(-6#1B2%?
,6-@ :5.D# (139;2#$3D( *:E##7.* 2
(7%/*>;*# (*$*>7#,*$ =2% (12>2(A3=2+
A./ *./ =7>*3>*% ’3("$7# =2./ *:E# #$7>
*#*37% 2 (139;2#$3D :5.D( *>*%.*C,*31( 2$
2&3D#$9:%/2(23+ 7# 2$-( B*6#28DC,23%2(?
,,-@ eqQU:2 7# 2 ktQU:2 (1%/13-33 2&3D(23
#*;;1>/*% :".$A3E#$*:(*$*3 #*; 32:3&2
*BB*% 2 ,*>/$*3B*%? I$7:3 %* 2>(2>;2$$5(
*$3 2 %/139#1 ;DC-3 *:E# #$7> *#*37% =2./
>*&3E# G3F*>’>*3*% 9>>D .78(-6#1%9>?
,.-\1>-# 2 &9:;< =*$*37#* %/13-33 9>>28-3G
F*>>78E=*>?
,/-N* ,2#$%9>&5( 2 F*>>78E3 B*,G$-33
9>>28-3B2% 2 :2(37:B* =2>D B*>787#+ 1>>*3=*
2$ -%%2% =2>D (1>787# #-:9%?
,0-@ F*>>78E ,2#$%9>232 *>E33+ 539% 7#
("$B*% 1# ./E$EC&’%( ;*. 2::D>+ ,-./ 2$3
:".$A3E:*%C#$*:*( ;*.F*>*>E*% :".$A31(?
I./ %*; 3*>&*# %/139# =2./ $9:9# 2 F*>>78E
,*>/3*>*% ;-$.9#93 *:*C;7%/*$,*31+ 2;1
2 ,2#$%9>D 7# *./7B #$*;7>/*( #7:’>7#73
-(-$,23&2?
,1-I./ 81,*%E 539%1 *>1%C5>9# =2./ 2
&9:;< B9:;1>/*% ;-$.239#2 *>E33 ;1%C1../E$EC&’%( ;*. 2::D>+ ,-./ 2 F*>>78E
3*>&*#*% =1##$2,G$DC-33? @$ ->C2>2&3D 7# 2
F*>>78E ;*6,2%1(5# "##$*("33*37#B*% =2%+
*$7:3 ,2 2$ 2&3D $9:DC9#2 %*; 3"(7>*3*#+
=2./ ,2 F*>>78E %*; ,G$DC-33 3*>&*#*%
=1##$2+ 2 ;<#$*:6#-8-:3B2% >*=E
F1./*>;*$3*3E F7%/ (1./5>>2C?,2-@ F*>>78E ;7. B*,G$-33 9>>28-3B2%
1# (1##7 (1>D. 2 &9:;<BE>+ *$7:3 ,93#D
82:(->9#U7:$7(*>E( ;*.>73* *#*37% 2$-(
,23D#5.2:2 (1##7 >*6#"((*%?
!"#$%&’%()%)*+
.-@ F*>>78E &*>*%>73* 6#"((*%3,*31 2
:9;89(%9> 2 3*:*8#$".*3+ *$7:3 2 F*>>78E
#7:’>7#7%*( *>(*:’>7#* 7:C*(7B*% %2./-%
;*:*C*( :9;82 *#*37% 2&9%>-33 2$3
D=23-#2% ;*.("$*>A3*%1?

Page: < prev 1-10 11-20 21-30 31-40 41-50 51-60 ... 310 next >