engine coolant GMC C-SERIES 1999 Owner's Guide

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6-23
Engine Coolant (Gasoline Engine)
The cooling system in your vehicle is filled with
DEX
-COOL
engine coolant. This coolant is designed
to remain in your vehicle for 5 years or 150,000 miles
(240 000 km), whichever occurs first, if you add only
DEX
-COOL
extended life coolant.
The following explains your cooling system and how to
add coolant when it is low. If you have a problem with
engine overheating, see ªEngine Overheatingº in
the Index.
A 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and
DEX
-COOL
coolant will:

Give freezing protection down to
-34F (-37C).

Give boiling protection up to 252F (122C).

Protect against rust and corrosion.

Help keep the proper engine temperature.

Let the warning lights and gages work as
they should.
NOTICE:
When adding coolant, it is important that you
use only DEX
-COOL (silicate-free) coolant.
If coolant other than DEX-COOL is added to
the system, premature engine, heater core or
radiator corrosion may result. In addition, the
engine coolant will require change sooner
-- at
30,000 miles (50 000 km) or 24 months,
whichever occurs first. Damage caused by the
use of coolant other than DEX
-COOL is not
covered by your new vehicle warranty.
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6-24 What to Use
Use a mixture of one-half clean, drinkable water and
one
-half DEX-COOL
coolant which won't damage
aluminum parts. If you use this coolant mixture, you
don't need to add anything else.
CAUTION:
Adding only plain water to your cooling system
can be dangerous. Plain water, or some other
liquid like alcohol, can boil before the proper
coolant mixture will. Your vehicle's coolant
warning system is set for the proper coolant
mixture. With plain water or the wrong mixture,
your engine could get too hot but you wouldn't
get the overheat warning. Your engine could
catch fire and you or others could be burned.
Use a 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water
and DEX
-COOL
coolant.
NOTICE:
If you use an improper coolant mixture, your
engine could overheat and be badly damaged.
The repair cost wouldn't be covered by your
warranty. Too much water in the mixture can
freeze and crack the engine, radiator, heater core
and other parts.
If you have to add coolant more than four times a year,
have your dealer check your cooling system.
NOTICE:
If you use the proper coolant, you don't have to
add extra inhibitors or additives which claim to
improve the system. These can be harmful.
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6-25 Checking Coolant
Coolant Recovery Tank
(Gasoline Engines
-- Specialty Hood)
Coolant Recovery Tank
(Gasoline Engines
-- Sloped Hood)
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6-26
Surge Tank (Caterpillar
Diesel Engines)
When your engine is cold, the coolant level should be at
the COLD level, or a little higher, on the coolant
recovery tank with the gasoline engine, or at the COLD
FULL mark, visible through the surge tank, with the
diesel engine.
If this light comes on and
stays on, it means you're
low on engine coolant.
See ªLights, Low Coolant Warning Lightº in the Index
for further information.
Adding Coolant
If you need more coolant, add the proper DEX
-COOL

coolant mixture at the coolant recovery tank or the
surge tank.
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6-27
CAUTION:
Turning the radiator pressure cap (on a gasoline
engine) or the surge tank cap (on a diesel engine)
when the engine and radiator are hot can allow
steam and scalding liquids to blow out and burn
you badly. With the coolant recovery system, you
will almost never have to add coolant at the
radiator. Never turn the radiator pressure cap
or the surge tank pressure cap
-- even a
little
-- when the engine and radiator are hot.
Add coolant mixture at the recovery tank or the surge
tank, but be careful not to spill it.
CAUTION:
You can be burned if you spill coolant on hot
engine parts. Coolant contains ethylene glycol,
and it will burn if the engine parts are hot
enough. Don't spill coolant on a hot engine.
Some conditions, such as trapped air in the cooling
system, can affect the coolant level in the radiator. If you
need to add coolant to the radiator, follow the steps
listed under ªHow to Add Coolant to the Radiator.º
See ªEngine Overheatingº in the Index.
Engine Coolant
(Caterpillar
Diesel Engine)
If your vehicle has a Caterpillar diesel engine, see the
Caterpillar
Operation & Maintenance Manual provided
with your vehicle to find out what to add, also when and
how to service your cooling system.
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6-30
NOTICE:

When using concentrated washer fluid,
follow the manufacturer's instructions for
adding water.

Don't mix water with ready
-to-use washer
fluid. Water can cause the solution to freeze
and damage your washer fluid tank and
other parts of the washer system. Also,
water doesn't clean as well as washer fluid.

Fill your washer fluid tank only
three
-quarters full when it's very cold.
This allows for expansion if freezing occurs,
which could damage the tank if it is
completely full.

Don't use engine coolant (antifreeze) in
your windshield washer. It can damage
your washer system and paint.
Brakes
Brake Fluid
If your vehicle has
hydraulic brakes, there's
a brake master cylinder.
The brake master cylinder
reservoir is here. Refer to
the Maintenance Schedule
to determine when to check
your brake fluid.
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7-21
(25) = Check thermostatically controlled air cleaner
installation to make certain that all ducts are connected and
correctly installed. Also, check valve for proper operation.
(26) = Evaporative Control System Service (if equipped):
Check all fuel and vapor lines and hoses for proper
connections and correct routing (or every 24 months,
whichever occurs first). Replace parts as needed.
(27) = Replace air cleaner filter (or every 24 months,
whichever occurs first). Replace filter more often if
driving in dusty conditions. Ask your dealer for the
proper replacement intervals for your driving conditions.
(28) = Replace spark plugs. Inspect wires for damage.
Check the wire boot and boot heat shield fit at spark
plugs and coil. Replace parts as needed.
(30) = Check the fuel tank, fuel cap and fuel lines for
damage which could cause leakage. Inspect fuel cap for
correct sealing ability and any indications of damage.
Check fuel cap gasket for even filler neck imprint.
Replace parts as needed.
(31) = Check EGR system as described in the service
manual. See ªService and Owner Publicationsº in the Index.
(32) = Inspect Electronic Vacuum Regulator Valve
(EVRV) filter for excessive contamination or plugging.
If needed, clean filter with solution of soap and water,
let dry and install.(33) = Check the PCV system for proper operation and
clean PCV valve. Replace hoses as needed.
(34) = Replace PCV valve and blow out the PCV valve
hose with compressed air. Replace hoses as needed.
(35) = Drain, flush and refill cooling system. See
ªRecommended Fluids and Lubricantsº in the Index for
what to use. Inspect hoses. Clean radiator, condenser,
pressure cap and neck. Pressure test cooling system and
pressure cap. For Caterpillar
 diesel engines, always refer
to the Caterpillar Diesel Engine Operation & Maintenance
Manual for coolant recommendations and change intervals.
(37) = Rear axle service: Change the lubricant. See
ªRecommended Fluids and Lubricantsº in the Index.
(38) = Front axle service: Re
-pack upper kingpin
roller bearing.
(39) = Air brake service:

Inspect brake lines and hoses for proper hook
-up,
binding, leaks, cracks, chafing, etc. Inspect drum
brake linings for wear or cracks. Inspect other brake
parts at each wheel, including drums, wheel cylinders
and piston heat shields and boots. Check brake pedal
for excessive free play or travel (or every 6 months,
whichever occurs first) and have serviced if needed.
Check brakes more often if driving habits and
conditions result in frequent braking.
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7-23
Part B: Owner Checks and Services
Listed in this part are owner checks and services which
should be performed at the intervals specified to help
ensure the safety, dependability and emission control
performance of your vehicle.
For your safety and that of others, any of the
safety
-related components that may have been damaged
in an accident should be checked and any needed repairs
made before operating the vehicle.
At the minimum, these routine checks should be made
every 6 months or 6,000 miles (10 000 km), whichever
occurs first. Whenever repairs are needed, have them
completed before operating the vehicle.
At Each Fuel Fill
It is important for you or a service station attendant to
perform these underhood checks at each fuel fill.Engine Oil Level Check
Check the engine oil level and add the proper oil if
necessary. See ªEngine Oilº in the Index for
further details.
Engine Coolant Level Check
Check the engine coolant level and add DEX
-COOL

coolant mixture if necessary. See ªEngine Coolantº in
the Index for further details.
Windshield Washer Fluid Level Check
Check the windshield washer fluid level in the
windshield washer tank and add the proper fluid if
necessary. See ªWindshield Washer Fluidº in the Index
for further details.
Tire Inflation Check
Check tire inflation cold. Make sure tires are inflated to
the pressures specified on the Certification/Tire label.
See ªTiresº in the Index for further details.
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7-27
Door Latches Check
Check that doors close, latch and lock tightly. Check for
broken, damaged or missing parts that might prevent
tight latching.
Hood Latches Check
Check that the hood closes firmly. Check for broken,
damaged, loose or missing parts that might prevent tight
latching. Make sure the secondary latch (if equipped)
keeps the hood from opening all the way when the
primary latch is released.
Fluid Leaks Check
Check for fuel, coolant, oil or other fluid leaks by
looking at the surface beneath the vehicle after it has
been parked for a while.
Underbody Inspection
Corrosive materials used for ice, snow removal and dust
control can collect on the underbody. If these materials
are not removed, accelerated corrosion (rust) can occur
on underbody parts such as fuel lines, frame, floor pan
and exhaust system. At least every spring, flush these materials from the underbody with plain water. Take
care to clean well any areas where mud and other debris
can collect. Sediment packed in closed areas of the
frame should be loosened before being flushed.
Engine Cover Check
Check that the cab's engine cover and seal (if equipped)
are not torn or damaged. Be sure that the cover is bolted
down firmly to the floor.
At Least Once a Year
Key Lock Cylinders Service
Lubricate the key lock cylinders with the lubricant
specified in Part C.
Underbody Flushing Service
At least every spring, use plain water to flush any
corrosive materials from the underbody. Take care to
clean thoroughly any areas where mud and other debris
can collect.
Tractor Protection (Breakaway) Valve Check
On air brake models, remove, disassemble, clean and
inspect the tractor protection (breakaway) valve.
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7-28
Part C: Recommended Fluids
and Lubricants
NOTE: Fluids and lubricants identified below by
name, part number or specification may be obtained
from your dealer.
USAGE
FLUID/LUBRICANT
Engine Oil
(Gasoline
Engine)Engine Oil with the American
Petroleum Institute Certified For
Gasoline Engines ªStarburstº
symbol of the proper viscosity. To
determine the preferred viscosity
for your vehicle's engine, see
ªEngine Oilº in the Index.
Engine Oil
(Caterpillar
Diesel Engine)See the Caterpillar
Operation &
Maintenance Manual for Engine
Oil recommendations.
Engine Coolant
(GM Gasoline
Engine)50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable
water and use only GM
Goodwrench

DEX-COOL
or
Havoline
DEX-COOL

Coolant. See ªEngine Coolantº in
the Index.
USAGEFLUID/LUBRICANT
Engine Coolant
(Caterpillar
Diesel Engine)See the Caterpillar
Operation &
Maintenance Manual for Engine
Coolant recommendations.
Hydraulic Brake
SystemDelco Supreme 11
Brake Fluid
(GM Part No. 12377967 or
equivalent DOT
-3 Brake Fluid).
Windshield
Washer SolventGM Optikleen
Washer Solvent
(GM Part No. 1051515)
or equivalent.
Clutch Bearing
LubricantClutch Bearing Lubricant (GM
Part No. 12345777 or equivalent)
or NLGI #3 consistency.
Exhaust Brake
Ball Joint Cap
LubricantHigh-Temperature Grease (GM
Part No. 1051344 or equivalent) or
NLGI #3 consistency.
Spring Parking
Brake Hydraulic
PumpDEXRON
-III Automatic
Transmission Fluid.
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