wheel torque SSANGYONG MUSSO 2003 Owner's Manual

5D2-4 TRANSFER CASE (TOD)FUNCTION DESCRIPTION
TOD System Select Mode (4H and 4L) 4H is the mode when drive normally of which gear ratio is 1:1 and 4L mode distributes power to front and rear wheels 50:50 of which gear ratio is 2.48:1.
TOD System Function (select 4H mode) TOD system controls clutch mechanism to comply with rotation in front and rear propeller shaft and if its difference exceeds the permissible range, corresponding power is distributed into front wheel through EMC (Electro-MagneticClutch). Hall effect sensor signals speed on front and rear propeller shafts going through with TOD control unit.
Transfercase clutch coil is activated by variable current on exceeding difference of speed in front and rear propeller shafts.
Function of 4L Mode When select 4L mode, EMC is locked to apply maximum torque into front and rear propeller shafts. Shift motor rotates also 4L position by rotation of cam thus propeller shaft torque changes from 1:1 to 2.48:1 by planetarygear set.
Shift Motor It locates backside transfer case, which drives rotary helical cam. When mode select switch changes to 4L, shift fork is on position for 2.48:1 by rotation of helical cam.
Transfer Case
TOD transfer case distributes power into front and rear axle by operation of 4H/4L switch and shift motor. Shifting 4H to 4L, is performed towards reducing HI-LO collar by means for connection HI-LO shift fork with
output shaft in order to join with planetary gear. Torque transmits input shaft then sun gear rotating front planetary
gear. Front planetary gear join with output shaft and drives LO position.

TRANSFER CASE (TOD) 5D2-5
Definitions
Rear Speed Sensor A Hall Effect speed sensor which produces a square wave. 0-5Vdc signal inresponse to a rotating 30 tooth wheel coupled to the rear propshaft inside the
Transfer Case. Each rotation of the rear propshaft will result in 30 speed sensor pulse.
Front Speed Sensor A Hall Effect speed sensor which produces a square wave. 0-5Vdc signal in response to a rotating 30 tooth wheel coupled to the front propshaft inside the
Transfer Case. Each rotation of the front propshaft will result in 30 speed sensor pulse.
EMC An Electromagnetic clutch used to control the amount of torque applied to the front propshaft.
TOD TM
Torque on DemandTM
.
Duty Cycle Duty Cycle is the time the EMC is on divided by the period in which it is being modulated.
Touch-off A minimum amount of duty cycle applied to the EMC.
Front OverrunA condition where the front propshaft is turning at a rate which is faster than the rear propshaft.
Rear Overrun A condition where the rear propshaft is turning at a rate which is faster than the
front propshaft.
High Range The highest (numerically lowest = 1 :1) gear ratio between the input and outputsof the Transfer Case.
Low Range The lowest (numerically highest = 2.48:1) gear ratio between the input and outputs
of the Transfer Case.
4H/4L Switch A switch which selects the desired gear ratio.
Shift Motor Electric motor which changes the Transfer Case range.
Position Encoder A set of 4 Gray code switches which provide feedback to the TCCU indicating theposition of the Shift Motor.
Clutch Interlock Switch A switch on vehicles equipped with a manual transmission which indicates that the clutch pedal is depressed.
Neutral Safety Switch A switch on vehicles equipped with an automatic transmission which indicatesthat the transmission is in neutral.
Shift Inhibit Speed The vehicle speed above which Transfer Case shifts are disallowed. Vehicle speedis indicated by propshaft speed measurement.

TRANSFER CASE (TOD) 5D2-11
4. Electric Shift Default ModeIf the motor fails to reach its destination, the TCCU will attempt the following (in order):
a. The TCCU will wait 3 seconds then attempt the shift again.
b. If the second attempt to reach the destination fails the TCCU will wait 3 seconds then attempt to rotate the motor back to the original position. If successful, all future shifts will be inhibited until the Ignition is cycled.
c. If the attempt to return to the original position fails, the TCCU will wait 3 seconds then attempt to rotate the motor to the original position again. If the second attempt to return to the original position is successful, the “4WD CHECK ” lamp will be illuminated, and all future shifts will be inhibited until the Ignition is cycled.
d. If the second attempt to return to the original position fails the motor will be turned off, the “4WD CHECK ” lamp
will be illuminated, and all future shifts will be inhibited until the Ignition is cycled.
TOD TM
System Operation
The TOD TM
System is responsible for distributing torque between the front and rear axles. The TCCU monitors the
propshaft speeds, operating range (High/Low), and ABS activity and then applies a calculated amount of torque tothe front axle by Pulse Width Modulating the current applied to the EMC.
1. Touch-off Torque
The minimum EMC Duty Cycle is based on the vehicle speed and throttle positionThe TCCU receives the TPS signal from the following sources:On vehicles equipped with CAN, the TCCU receives the TPS signal from the CAN bus.
2. When Slip Detection
The TCCU continuously monitors the front and rear propshaft speeds to detect wheel slip.
3. Wheel Slip Control When wheel slip is detected the TCCU controls the EMC duty cycle as necessary until the wheel slip is reduced
below the allowable limit. The EMC Duty Cycle will then be reduced to the Touch-Off value.
4. Brake/ABS Strategy When the ABS System is active, the EMC Duty Cycle is set to a fixed duty cycle (30%) to aid in braking without counteracting the ABS System.
5. 4L Strategy When the system is operating in 4L, the TCCU continues TOD TM
(operation provided that the propshaft speed is
below 175 rpm (5220 pulses/minute)). When the speed increases above 175 rpm, the EMC Duty Cycle is set tothe maximum value (88%) which applies the maximum available torque to the front axle.

TRANSFER CASE (TOD) 5D2-51
25. Install the pin on the tang end of the helical cam into thehole in the front case. Position the torsion spring tangs so that they are pointing toward the top side of the transfer case and just touching the high-low shift fork. CAUTIONDo not bend the helical cam during installation to the front case because of possible damage to the pin at the tangend of the motor shaft.
26. Install the shift rail through the high-low shift fork and make sure that the reverse gear shift rail is seated in the frontcase bore.
27. Install upper and lower speed sensors into the cover. Feed the coil wire through the upper speed sensor wire shield.
2 8. Install upper tone wheel, speedometer gear and rear output seal. Use Output Shaft Seal Replacer and Driver orequivalent to install seal.
29. Coat the mating surface of the front case with a bead of Black Non-Acid Cure Silicone Rubber or equivalent.
30. The following procedure must be followed prior to installing the rear case onto the front case half:
a. Align the output shaft with the rear case output shaft bore.
b. Align the helical cam with the rear case motor bore. If difficulty is encountered with seating the rear case, tap
the rear output shaft with a sharp blow using a rubber
mallet in a direction away from the triangular shaft whilepushing down on the rear case.
Tightening Torque 25 - 37 Nm
31. Install the bolts retaining the case halves and tighten.

STEERING WHEEL AND COLUMN 6E-3
Removal & Installation Procedure
1. Remove the horn pad from the steering wheel anddisconnect the connectors .
2. Place an alignment marks on the column shaft end and fixing nut and then remove the fixing nut. Installation Notice
3. Remove the steering wheel.
4. Remove the combination switch upper cover .
Tightening Torque 50 - 80 Nm
5. Release the crash pad panel. Notice Remove the hood release wire and the other switch connectors.

6E-4 STEERING WHEEL AND COLUMN
6. Disconnect each connectors.
7. Remove the vacuum hose from the ignition switch(Dieselonly) .
9. Remove the lower shaft by removing the bolt of the steering column shaft. Installation Notice
Tightening Torque 9 - 14 Nm
8. Remove the combination switch assembly.
10. Remove the dash panel mounting bolts. Installation Notice
Tightening Torque 30 - 40 Nm

STEERING WHEEL AND COLUMN 6E-5
Tightening Torque 30 - 40 Nm
11. Remove the steering column upper mounting bolt and pull
out steering column assembly. Installation Notice
12. Installation is reverse order of the removal.

8B-18 SUPPLEMENTAL RESTRAINT SYSTEM(SRS)
MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR ON-VEHICLE SERVICE AIR BAG MODULE Removal & Installation Procedure
1. Remove the steering wheel rid (LH,RH) with a screwdriver.Installation Notice Each position mark (LH,RH) is stamped on the inner surface of the rids.
Tightening Torque 7 - 11 Nm
3. Disconnect the connectors and remove the air bag module.
4. Installation should follow the removal procedure in thereverse order.
2. Unscrew the bolts from both sides.
Installation Notice

8. ECM(E32, HFM) .......................................................................................................................... 5-64
1) INJECTOR, OVPR, IGNITION COIL, FUEL PUMP CIRCUIT(W/ IMMOBILIZER) ........................................... 5-64
2) INJECTOR, OVPR, IGNITION COIL, FUEL PUMP CIRCUIT(W/O IMMOBILIZER) ........................................ 5-66
3) SENSOR (CKP, CMP, KNOCK, MAF), CCP SOLENOID, CAM SHAFT ACTUATOR CIRCUIT ....................... 5-68
4) THROTTLE MOTOR & SENSOR, SENSOR (IAT, ECT, HEATED O 2), VSS, CIRCUIT (UNLEAD) ................. 5-70
5) THROTTLE MOTOR & SENSOR, SENSOR (IAT, ECT), CO POTENTIO METER, VSS CIRCUIT(LEAD) ..... 5-72
9. DLC CIRCUIT ................................................................................................................. ............. 5-74
10. TCM(GSL, BTRE) .............................................................................................................. ......... 5-76
1) POWER SUPPLY, GROUND, INDICATION LAMP CIRCUIT ............................................................................. 5- 76
2) KICK DOWN SWITCH, SELECT LEVER POSITION SENSOR, TRANSMISSION CIRCUIT ........................ 5-78
11. TCM(DSL, BTRE) .............................................................................................................. ......... 5-80
1) POWER SUPPLY, GROUND, INDICATION LAMP, SENSOR (TR, ENGINE SPEED) CIRCUIT .................... 5-80
2) KICK DOWN SWITCH, SELECT LEVER POSITION SENSOR, TRANSMISSION CIRCUIT ........................ 5-82
12. KICK DOWN RELAY, 'B' SWITCH CIRCUIT (MB A/T) ........................................................... 5-84
13. TCCU-PART TIME .............................................................................................................. ........ 5-86
1) POWER SUPPLY, GROUND, INDICATION LAMP, PNP RELAY, CLUTCH SWITCH CIRCUIT ..................... 5-86
2) 4WD SWITCH, T/C SPEED SENSOR, T/C MOTOR CIRCUIT ........................................................................ 5-88
14. TCCU-FULL TIME .............................................................................................................. ........ 5-90
1) POWER SUPPLY, GROUND, INDICATION LAMP, NEUTRAL RELAY, CLUTCH CIRCUIT ............................ 5-90
2) 4WD SWITCH, T/C SPEED SENSOR, T/C MOTOR CIRCUIT ........................................................................ 5-92
15. TOD(TORQUE ON DEMAND)-E32,MSE .................................................................................. 5-94 1) POWER SUPPLY, GROUND, WARNING LAMP, 4WD SWITCH, T/C MOTOR CIRCUIT .............................. 5-94
2) T/C SPEED SENSOR, PNP RELAY, CLUTCH SWITCH, CAN CIRCUIT .......................................................... 5-96
16. ECS ......................................................................................................................... ..................... 5-98
1) POWER SUPPLY, GROUND, SENSOR(WHEEL'G, VERTICAL, LATERAL) CIRCUIT ................................... 5-98
2) ECS SWITCH, DAMPER CIRCUIT ...................................................................................................................... 5-100