oil viscosity TOYOTA 4RUNNER 1999 Owners Manual

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Oil is also used to lubricate the stems
of the intake valves. Some of this oil
is sucked into the combustion chamber
together with the intake air and is
burned along with the fuel. High tem-
perature exhaust gases also burn the
oil used to lubricate the exhaust valve
stems.
The amount of engine oil consumed de-
pends on the viscosity of the oil, the
quality of the oil and the conditions the
vehicle is driven under.
More oil is consumed by high- speed driv-
ing and frequent acceleration and decel-
eration.
A new engine consumes more oil, since
its pistons, piston rings and cylinder walls
have not become conditioned.
When judging the amount of oil con-
sumption, note that the oil may become
diluted and make it difficult to judge
the true level accurately.
As an example, if a vehicle is used for
repeated short trips, and consumes a nor-
mal amount of oil, the dipstick may not
show any drop in the oil level at all, even
after 1000 km (600 miles) or more. This
is because the oil is gradually becoming
diluted with fuel or moisture, making it
appear that the oil level has not changed. The diluting ingredients evaporate out
when the vehicle is then driven at high
speeds, as on an expressway, making it
appear that oil is excessively consumed
after driving at high speeds.
IMPORTANCE OF ENGINE OIL LEVEL CHECK
One of the most important points in prop-
er vehicle maintenance is to keep the en-
gine oil at the optimum level so that oil
function will not be impaired. Therefore, it
is essential that the oil level be checked
regularly. Toyota recommends that the oil
level be checked every time you refuel
the vehicle.
NOTICE
Failure to check the oil level regularly
could lead to serious engine troubledue to insufficient oil.
For detailed information on oil level check,
see ºChecking the engine oil levelº in
Chapter 7- 2.
Your engine is fitted with twin ground
electrode spark plugs.
NOTICE
Use only twin ground electrode spark
plugs for your engine performance.
Twin ground electrode spark
plugs (5VZ- FE engine)

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Sand and mud that has accumulated
in brake drums and around brakediscs may affect braking efficiency and may damage brake system com-
ponents.
Always perform a maintenance in-spection after each day of off- road
driving that has taken you throughrough terrain, sand, mud, or water.For scheduled maintenance informa-
tion, refer to the separate ºSched-uled Maintenance Guideº or ºOwn-er 's Manual Supplementº.
Winter driving tips
Make sure you have a proper freeze
protection of engine coolant.
Your coolant must contain ethylene- glycol
type coolant for a proper corrosion
protection of aluminum components. Use
ºToyota Long Life Coolantº or equivalent.
See Chapter 7- 2 for details about coolant
type selection.
NOTICE
Do not use alcohol type antifreeze or
plain water alone.
When it is extremely cold, we recommend
to use 60% solution for your Toyota, to
provide protection down to about -50 5C
(- 58 5F). Do not use more than 70% solu-
tion for better coolant performance.
Check the condition of the battery and
cables.
Cold temperatures reduce the capacity of
any battery, so it must be in top shape
to provide enough power for winter start-
ing. Chapter 7- 3 tells you how to visually
inspect the battery. Your Toyota dealer
and most service stations will be pleased
to check the level of charge. Make sure the engine oil viscosity is
suitable for the cold weather.
See Chapter 7- 2 for recommended viscos-
ity. Leaving a heavy summer oil in your
vehicle during winter months may cause
harder starting. If you are not sure about
which oil to use, call your Toyota dealerÐ
he will be pleased to help.
Keep the door locks from freezing.
Squirt lock de- icer or glycerine into the
locks to keep them from freezing.
Use a washer fluid containing an anti-
freeze solution.
This product is available at your Toyota
dealer and most auto parts stores. Follow
the manufacturer 's directions for how
much to mix with water.
NOTICE
Do not use engine antifreeze or any
other substitute because it may dam-age your vehicle's paint.

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Do not drive with the air cleaner
filter removed, or excessive enginewear could result. Also backfiring could cause a fire in the engine
compartment.
Be careful not to scratch the glasssurface with the wiper frame.
When closing the engine hood,check to see that you have not for-
gotten any tools, rags, etc.
Parts and tools
Here is a list of parts and tools you will
need on performing do- it- yourself mainte-
nance. Remember all Toyota parts are de-
signed in metric sizes, so your tools must
be metric.
Checking the engine oil level
Parts (if level is low):
Engine oil API grade SJ,
ºEnergy- Conservingº or ILSAC
multigrade having viscosity proper for
your climate
Tools: Rag or paper towel
Funnel (only for adding oil)
Checking the engine coolant level
Parts (if level is low): ºToyota Long Life Coolantº or equiva-
lent
See Chapter 7- 2 for details about cool-
ant type selection.
Demineralized or distilled water
Tools: Funnel (only for adding coolant)
Checking brake fluid
Parts (if level is low):
SAE J1703 or FMVSS No.116 DOT 3
brake fluid Tools:
Rag or paper towel
Funnel (only for adding fluid)
Checking power steering fluid
Parts (if level is low): Automatic transmission fluid DEXRON II or III
Tools: Rag or paper towel
Funnel (only for adding fluid)
Checking battery condition
Tools:
Warm water
Baking soda
Grease
Conventional wrench (for terminal
clamp bolts)
Checking and replacing fuses
Parts (if replacement is necessary): Fuse with same amperage rating as
original
Tools: Conventional wrench (for instrument
lower panel nut)

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238
ENGINE OIL SELECTION
Use API grade SJ, ºEnergy- Conservingº
or ILSAC multigrade engine oil.
Recommended viscosity (SAE):
SAE 5W- 30 is the best choice for your
vehicle, for good fuel economy and
good starting in cold weather.
If you use SAE 10W- 30 engine oil in
extremely low temperatures, the engine
may become difficult to start, so SAE
5W- 30 engine oil is recommended.
API service symbol
ILSAC certification mark
Oil identification marks
Either or both API registered marks are
added to some oil containers to help
you select the oil you should use.
The API Service Symbol is located any-
where on the outside of the container.
The top portion of the label shows the oil
quality by API (American Petroleum Insti-
tute) designations such as SJ. The center
portion of the label shows the SAE
viscosity grade such as SAE 5W- 30.
ºEnergy- Conservingº shown in the lower
portion, indicates that the oil has fuel- sav-
ing capab
ilities.
The ILSAC (International Lubricant Stan-
dardization and Approval Committee) Certi-
fication Mark is displayed on the front of
the container.

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Drive belt tension measured with Borroughs
drive belt tension gauge No. BT- 33- 73F
(used belt), Ibf:
3RZ- FE engineGenerator belt
11 5 20
Air conditioning compressor belt
100 20
Power steering pump belt
100 +25
-15
5VZ- FE engine Generator belt
100 20
Air conditioning compressor belt
100 20
Power steering pump belt
100 +20
-15
ENGINE LUBRICATION
Oil capacity (drain and ref ill),
L (qt., Imp. qt.):
3RZ- FE engineWith filter 5.4 (5.7, 4.8)
Without filter 4.7 (5.0, 4.1) 5VZ- FE engine
With filter 5.2 (5.5, 4.6)
Without filter 4.9 (5.2, 4.3)
Oil grade: API grade SJ, ºEnergy- Conservingº or
ILSAC multigrade engine oil is recom-
mended.
Recommended oil viscosity (SAE):
COOLING SYSTEM
Total capacity, L (qt., Imp. qt.): 3RZ- FE engine With rear heater
11.0 (11.6, 9.7)
Without rear heater 10.0 (10.6, 8.8) 5VZ- FE engine
With rear heater 9.0 (9.5, 7.9)
Without rear heater 8.0 (8.5, 7.0)
Coolant type:
ºToyota Long Life Coolantº or equivalent
With ethylene- glycol type coolant for a
proper corrosion protection of aluminum
components
Do not use alcohol type antifreeze or
plain water alone.
BATTERY
Open voltage *
at 20 C (68 F):
12.6Ð12.8 V Fully charged
12.2Ð12.4 V Half charged
11.8Ð12.0 V Discharged
* : Voltage that is checked 20 minutes after
the key is removed with all the lights
turned off
Charging rates: 5 A max.
CLUTCH
Pedal freeplay, mm (in.): 5Ð15 (0.2Ð0.6)
Fluid type: SAE J1703 or FMVSS No.116 DOT 3

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MANUAL TRANSMISSION
Oil capacity, L (qt., Imp. qt.):
3RZ- FE engine
Two- wheel drive models 2.6 (2.7, 2.3)
Four- wheel drive models
2.5 (2.6, 2.2)
5VZ- FE engine 2.2 (2.3, 1.9)
Oil type: Gear oil API GL- 4 or GL- 5
Recommended oil viscosity: SAE 75W- 90
AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION
Fluid capacity (drain and ref ill),
L (qt., Imp. qt.): Two- wheel drive models Up to 1.6 (1.7, 1.4)
Four- wheel drive models Up to 2.0 (2.1, 1.8)
Fluid type: Automatic transmission fluid D- II or DEXRON III (DEXRON II) TRANSFER
Oil capacity, L (qt., Imp. qt.):
With the lever/button type front drive
control1.2 (1.3, 1.1)
With the lever type front drive control
1.0 (1.1, 0.9)
Oil type: Gear oil API GL- 4 or GL- 5
Recommended oil viscosity: SAE 75W- 90
DIFFERENTIAL
Oil capacity, L (qt., Imp. qt.): Two- wheel drive models2.75 (2.9, 2.4)
Four- wheel drive models Front A.D.D.
1.15 (1.2, 1.0)
Except A.D.D.
1.1 (1.2, 1.0)
Rear With rear differential lock system2.75 (2.9, 2.4)
Without rear differential lock system 2.45 (2.6, 2.2) Oil type:
Hypoid gear oil API GL- 5
Recommended oil viscosity:
Front A.D.D.
SAE 75W- 90
Except A.D.D. Above -18 C (0 F)
SAE 90
Below -18 C (0 F)
SAE 80W or 80W- 90
Rear Above -18 C (0 F)
SAE 90
Below -18 C (0 F)
SAE 80W or 80W- 90
CHASSIS LUBRICATION
Propeller shafts: SpidersLithium base chassis grease,
NLGI No.2
Slide yoke and double cardan joint Molybdenum- disulfide lithium base
chassis grease, NLGI No.2