tire pressure TOYOTA HIGHLANDER 2001 Service Repair Manual

BASIC FUNCTIONS
11

When the tire pressure in any of the four
tires is not correct.
INFORMATION
If your vehicle cannot receive GPS sig-
nals, you can correct the current posi-
tion manually. For information on set-
ting the current position calibration, see
page 77.
(b) Inappropriate route
guidance may occur in the
following cases:

When turning at an intersection off the
designated route guidance.

If you set more than one destination but
skip any of them, auto reroute will display
a route returning to the destination on the
previous route.

When turning at an intersection, there is
no route guidance.

When passing through the intersection,
there is no route guidance.

During auto reroute, the route guidance
may not be available for the next turn to
the right or left.

It may take a long time to operate auto re-
route during high speed driving. In auto
reroute, a detour route may be shown.

After auto reroute, the route may not be
changed.

An unnecessary U-turn may be shown or
announced.

A location may have multiple names and
the system will announce one or more.

Some routes may not be searched.

If the route to your destination includes
gravel, unpaved roads or alleys, the route
guidance may not be shown.

Your destination point might be shown on
the opposite side of the street.

When a portion of the route has regula-
tions prohibiting the entry of the vehicle
that vary by time or season or other rea-
son.

The road and map data stored in your nav-
igation system may not be complete or
may not be the latest version.
After replacing the tire, implement the op-
eration described in the 
Tire change
calibrationº. (For details, see page 78.)
This navigation system uses the tire turning
data and is designed to work with factory-
specified tires for your vehicle. Installing tires
that are larger or smaller than the originally
equipped diameter may cause inaccurate
display of the vehicle's position. The tire pres-
sure also affects the diameter of the tires so
please make sure the tire pressure of all four
tires is correct.

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CAUTION
Do not overestimate the anti- lock
brake system: Although the anti- lock
brake system assists in providing ve-
hicle control, it is still important to
drive with all due care and maintain
a moderate speed and safe distance
from the vehicle in front of you, be-
cause there are limits to the vehicle
stability and effectiveness of steering
wheel operation even with the anti-
lock brake system on.
If tire grip performance exceeds its
capability, or if hydroplaning occurs
during high speed driving in the rain,
the anti- lock brake system does not
provide vehicle control.
Anti- lock brake system is not de-
signed to shorten the stopping dis-
tance: Always drive at the moderate
speed and maintain a safe distance
from the vehicle in front of you.
Compared with vehicles without an
anti- lock brake system, your vehicle
may require a longer stopping dis-
tance in the following cases:

Driving on rough, gravel or snow-
covered roads.

Driving with tire chains installed.

Driving over the steps such as the
joints on the road.

Driving on roads where the road
surface is pitted or has other differ-
ences in surface height.
Install all 4 tires of specified size at
appropriate pressure: The anti- lock
brake system detects vehicle speeds
using the speed sensors for respec-
tive wheels' turning speeds. The use
of tires other than specified may fail
to detect the accurate turning speed
resulting in a longer stopping dis-
tance.
Ty p e A
Ty p e B

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7. TUBELESSº or TUBE
TYPEºÐA tubeless tire does not
have a tube inside the tire and air
is directly filled in the tire. A tube
type tire has a tube inside the tire
and the tube maintains the air
pressure.
8. Load limit at maximum cold tire
inflation pressureÐFor details,
see Checking and replacing tiresº
on page 388.
9. Maximum cold tire inflation
pressureÐThis means the pres-
sure to which a tire may be in-
flated. For details about recom-
mended cold tire inflation
pressure, see Tiresº on page 410.
10.Summer tire or all season
tireÐAn all season tire has M+Sº
on the sidewall. The tire not
marked with M+Sº is a summer
tire. For details, see Types of
tiresº on page 315.
This illustration indicates typical DOT
and Tire Identification Number (TIN).
1. DOTº symbol
2. Tire Identification Number (TIN)
3. Tire manufacturer 's identification
mark
4. Tire size code
5. Manufacturer 's optional tire type
code
6. Manufacturing week
7. Manufacturing yearThe DOTº symbol certifies that the
tire conforms to applicable Federal
Motor Vehicle Safety Standards.
ÐDOT and Tire Identification
Number (TIN)

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Ti r e relat ed ter mMeaning
Accessory weight
the combined weight (in excess of those standard items which may be
replaced) of automatic transmission, power steering, power brakes, power
windows, power seats, radio, and heater, to the extent that these items
are available as factory- installed equipment (whether installed or not)
Cold tire inflation pressure
tire inflation pressure when the vehicle has been parked for at least 3
hours or more, or it has not been driven more than 1.5 km or 1 mile
under that condition
Curb weight
the weight of a motor vehicle with standard equipment including the
maximum capacity of fuel, oil, and coolant, and, if so equipped, air
conditioning and additional weight optional engine
Intended outboard sidewall
(A) the sidewall that contains a whitewall, bears white lettering or bears
manufacturer, brand, and/or model name molding that is higher or
deeper than the same molding on the other sidewall of the tire orIntended outboard sidewalldeeper than the same molding on the other sidewall of the tire, or
(B) the outward facing sidewall of an asymmetrical tire that has a particular
side that must always face outward when mounted on a vehicle
Maximum inflation pressurethe maximum cold inflation pressure to which a tire may be inflated and it
is shown on the sidewall of the tire
the sum ofÐthe sum ofÐ
(a)curb weight;
Maximum loaded vehicle weight
(a) curb weight
(b) accessory weight;Maximum loaded vehicle weight(b) accessory weight
(c) vehicle capacity weight; and
(d) d ti ti i ht
() y g
(d) production options weight
ÐGlossary of tire terminology

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Ti r e relat ed ter mMeaning
Normal occupant weight68 kg (150 lb.) times the number of occupants specified in the second
column of Table 1 that follows
Occupant distributiondistribution of occupants in a vehicle as specified in the third column of Table
1 that follows
Production options weight
the combined weight of those installed regular production options weighing
over 2.3 kg (5 lb.) in excess of those standard items which they replace,
not previously considered in curb weight or accessory weight, including
heavy duty brakes, ride levelers, roof rack, heavy duty battery, and special
trim
Recommended inflation pressurecold tire inflation pressure recommended by a manufacturer
Rima metal support for a tire or a tire and tube assembly upon which the tire beads
are seated
Rim diameter (Wheel diameter)nominal diameter of the bead seat
Rim size designationrim diameter and width
Rim type designationthe industry of manufacturer 's designation for a rim by style or code
Rim widthnominal distance between rim flanges
Vehicle capacity weight
(Total load capacity)the rated cargo and luggage load plus 68 kg (150 lb.) times the vehicle's desig-
nated seating capacity
Vehicle maximum load on the tirethe load on an individual tire that is determined by distributing to each axle
its share of the maximum loaded vehicle weight and dividing by two

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Never load the trailer with more
weight in the back than in the
front. About 60% of the trailer load
should be in the front half of the
trailer and the remaining 40% in the
rear.
HITCHES

If you wish to install a trailer hitch, you
should consult with your Toyota dealer.

Use only a hitch recommended by the
hitch manufacturer and the one which
conforms to the total trailer weight
requirement.

The hitch must be bolted securely to
the vehicle frame and installed accord-
ing to the hitch manufacturer 's instruc-
tions.

The hitch ball and king pin should have
a light coat of grease.

Toyota recommends removing the trail-
er hitch whenever you are not towing
a trailer to reduce the possibility of
additional damage caused by the hitch
if your vehicle is struck from behind.
After removing the hitch, seal any
mounting holes in the vehicle body to
prevent entry of pollutants such as ex-
haust fumes, dirt, water, etc.
NOTICE
Do not use axle- mounted hitches as
they can cause damage to the axle
housing, wheel bearings, wheels or
tires.
BRAKES AND SAFETY CHAINS

Toyota recommends trailers with
brakes that conform to any applica-
ble federal and state/provincial regu-
lations.

A safety chain must always be used
between the towing vehicle and the
trailer. Leave sufficient slack in the
chain for turns. The chain should
cross under the trailer tongue to
prevent the tongue from dropping to
the ground in case it becomes dam-
aged or separated. For correct safety
chain procedures, follow the hitch or
trailer manufacturer 's recommenda-
tions.
CAUTION

If the total trailer weight exceeds
453 kg (1000 lb.), trailer brakes are
required.

Never tap into your vehicle's hy-
draulic system as it would lower its
braking effectiveness.

Never tow a trailer without using a
safety chain securely attached to
both the trailer and the vehicle. If
damage occurs to the coupling unit
or hitch ball, there is danger of the
trailer wandering over into another
lane.
TIRES

Ensure that your vehicle's tires are
properly inflated. See page 385 in Sec-
tion 7- 2 and page 410 in Section 8 for
instructions.

The trailer tires should be inflated to
the pressure recommended by the trail-
er manufacturer in respect to the total
trailer weight.

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When restarting out after parking on a
slope:
1. With the transmission in Pº position,
start the engine. Be sure to keep the
brake pedal depressed.
2. Shift into gear.
3. Release the parking brake and brake
pedal and slowly pull or back away
from the wheel blocks. Stop and apply
your brakes.
4. Have someone retrieve the blocks.CAUTION

Do not exceed 72 km/h (45 mph) or
the posted towing speed limit,
whichever is lower. Because insta-
bility (swaying) of a towing vehicle-
trailer combination usually in-
creases as the speed increases, ex-
ceeding 72 km/h (45 mph) may
cause loss of control.

Slow down and downshift before
descending steep or long downhill
grades. Do not make sudden down-
shifts.

Avoid holding the brake pedal down
too long or too frequently. This
could cause the brakes to overheat
and result in reduced braking effi-
ciency.
Improving fuel economy is easyÐjust take
it easy. It will help make your vehicle last
longer, too. Here are some specific tips
on how to save money on both fuel and
repairs:

Keep your tires inflated at the cor-
rect pressure. Underinflation causes
tire wear and wastes fuel. See page
385 in Section 7- 2 for instructions.

Do not carry unneeded weight in
your vehicle. Excess weight puts a
heavier load on the engine, causing
greater fuel consumption.

Avoid lengthy warm- up idling. Once
the engine is running smoothly, begin
drivingÐbut gently. Remember, howev-
er, that on cold winter days this may
take a little longer.

Keep the automatic transmission
overdrive turned on when engine
braking is not required. Driving with
the overdrive off will reduce the fuel
economy. (For details, see Automatic
transmissionº on page 147 in Section
1- 7.)

Accelerate slowly and smoothly.
Avoid jackrabbit starts. Get into high
gear as quickly as possible.
How to save fuel and make
your vehicle last longer

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11. Check the air pressure of the re-
placed tire.
Adjust the air pressure to the specifi-
cation designated on page 410 in
Section 8. If the pressure is lower,
drive slowly to the nearest service
station and fill to the correct pressure.
Do not forget to reinstall the tire infla-
tion valve cap as dirt and moisture
could get into the valve core and
possibly cause air leakage. If the cap
is missing, have a new one put on as
soon as possible.
12.Restow all the tools, jack and
flat tire securely.
As soon after changing wheels as
possible, tighten the wheel nuts to the
torque specified on page 410 in Sec-
tion 8 with a torque wrench. Have a
technician repair the flat tire and re-
place the spare tire with it.
Initial adjustment of the tire pres-
sure warning system is necessary
after you have replaced your tires
or wheels. See Tire pressure
warning systemº on page 161 in
Section 1- 7.CAUTION
Before driving, make sure all the
tools, jack and flat tire are se-
curely in place in their storage
location to reduce the possibility
of personal injury during a colli-
sion or sudden braking.
If your vehicle becomes stuck in snow,
mud, sand, etc., then you may attempt
to rock the vehicle free by moving it
forward and backward.
Two- wheel drive modelsÐ
Turn off the traction control system to
become unstuck to allow the tires to
spin enough to remove the vehicle from
the obstruction. (For details, see Trac-
tion control system (two- wheel drive
models)º on page 156 in Section 1- 7.)
CAUTION
Do not attempt to rock the vehicle
free by moving it forward and back-
ward if people or objects are any-
where near the vehicle. During the
rocking operation the vehicle may
suddenly move forward or backward
as it becomes unstuck, causing injury
or damage to nearby people or ob-
jects.
ÐAfter changing wheels If your vehicle becomes stuck

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Tire inflation pressure
Check the pressure with a gauge ev-
ery two weeks, or at least once a
month. See page 385 in Section 7- 2
for additional information.
Tire surface and wheel nuts
Check the tires carefully for cuts,
damage or excessive wear. See page
388 in Section 7- 2 for additional in-
formation. When checking the tires,
make sure no nuts are missing, and
check the nuts for looseness. Tighten
them if necessary.
Tire rotation
Rotate the tires according to the
maintenance schedule. (For sched-
uled maintenance information, please
refer to the Scheduled Maintenance
Guideº or Owner 's Manual Supple-
mentº.) See page 390 in Section 7- 2
for additional information.Be on the alert for changes in perfor-
mance, sounds, and visual tip- offs that
indicate service is needed. Some impor-
tant clues are as follows:

Engine missing, stumbling, or pinging

Appreciable loss of power

Strange engine noises

A leak under the vehicle (however, wa-
ter dripping from the air conditioning
after use is normal.)

Change in exhaust sound (This may
indicate a dangerous carbon monoxide
leak. Drive with the windows open and
have the exhaust system checked im-
mediately.)

Flat- looking tire; excessive tire squeal
when cornering; uneven tire wear

Vehicle pulls to one side when driving
straight on a level road

Strange noises related to suspension
movement

Loss of brake effectiveness; spongy
feeling brake pedal; pedal almost
touches floor; vehicle pulls to one side
when braking

Engine coolant temperature continually
higher than normalIf you notice any of these clues, take your
vehicle to your Toyota dealer as soon as
possible. It probably needs adjustment or
repair.
CAUTION
Do not continue driving with the ve-
hicle unchecked. It could result in se-
rious vehicle damage and possibly
personal injury.
Does your vehicle need
repairing?

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Engine compartment
Tires
Ti r e siz eTi r e inf lat ion pr es s ur e
Front Rear
P225/70R16 101S
225/65R17 101S210 (2.1, 30) 210 (2.1, 30)
210 (2.1, 30) 210 (2.1, 30)Wheel size
16
6 1/2 JJ
17
6 1/ 2 JJ
When driving under the above load condition at sustained high speeds above
160 km/h (100 mph), in countries where such speeds are permitted by- low,
inflate the front and rear tires to the following tire inflation pressure provided
that it does not exceed the maximum cold tire inflation pressure molded
on the tire sidewall.
P225/70R16 101S tires 240 kPa (2.4 kgf/cm
2
or bar, 35 psi)
225/65R17 101S tires 230 kPa (2.3 kgf/cm2
or bar, 33 psi)
Wheel nut torque, N
´m (kgf´m, ft´lbf):
103 (10.5, 76)
NOTE: For a complete information on tires (e.g. replacing tires or replacing
wheels), see Checking tire inflation pressureº through Aluminum
wheel precautionsº, pages 385 through 393, in Section 7- 2. Tire size and cold tire inflation pressure:
kPa (kgf/cm
2
or bar, psi)
Fuses