oil viscosity TOYOTA LAND CRUISER 2005 J100 Owners Manual

214
FUNCTIONS OF ENGINE OIL
Engine oil has the primary functions of
lubricating and cooling the inside of the
engine, and plays a major role in main-
taining the engine in proper working order.
ENGINE OIL CONSUMPTION
It is normal that an engine should con-
sume some engine oil during normal
engine operation. The causes of oil
consumption in a normal engine are as
follows.
Oil is used to lubricate pistons, piston
rings and cylinders. A thin film of oil
is left on the cylinder wall when a pis-
ton moves downwards in the cylinder.
High negative pressure generated when
the vehicle is decelerating sucks some
of this oil into the combustion chamber.
This oil as well as some part of the oil
film left on the cylinder wall is burned
by the high temperature combustion
gases during the combustion process.
Oil is also used to lubricate the stems
of the intake valves. Some of this oil
is sucked into the combustion chamber
together with the intake air and is
burned along with the fuel. High tem-
perature exhaust gases also burn the
oil used to lubricate the exhaust valve
stems.
The amount of engine oil consumed de-
pends on the viscosity of the oil, the
quality of the oil and the conditions the
vehicle is driven under.
More oil is consumed by high −speed driv-
ing and frequent acceleration and decel-
eration.
A new engine consumes more oil, since
its pistons, piston rings and cylinder walls
have not become conditioned.
Oil consumption: Max. 1.0 L per 1000
km (1.1 qt./600 miles, 0.9 Imp.qt/600
miles)
When judging the amount of oil con-
sumption, note that the oil may become
diluted and make it difficult to judge
the true level accurately. As an example, if a vehicle is used for
repeated short trips, and consumes a nor-
mal amount of oil, the dipstick may not
show any drop in the oil level at all, even
after 1000 km (600 miles) or more. This
is because the oil is gradually becoming
diluted with fuel or moisture, making it
appear that the oil level has not changed.
The diluting ingredients evaporate out
when the vehicle is then driven at high
speeds, as on an expressway, making it
appear that oil is excessively consumed
after driving at high speeds.
IMPORTANCE OF ENGINE OIL LEVEL
CHECK
One of the most important points in prop-
er vehicle maintenance is to keep the en-
gine oil at the optimum level so that oil
function will not be impaired. Therefore, it
is essential that the oil level be checked
regularly. Toyota recommends that the oil
level be checked every time you refuel
the vehicle.
NOTICE
Failure to check the oil level regularly
could lead to serious engine trouble
due to insufficient oil.
Facts about engine oil
consumption

240
Always perform a maintenance in-
spection after each day of offroad
driving that has taken you through
rough terrain, sand, mud, or water.
For scheduled maintenance informa-
tion, refer to the “Scheduled Main-
tenance Guide” or “Owner’s Manual
Supplement”.
Winter driving tips
Make sure your coolant is properly pro-
tected against freezing.
Only use “Toyota Super Long Life Coolant”
or similar high quality ethylene glycol
based non −silicate, non −amine, non −nitrite,
and non− borate coolant with long −life
hybrid organic acid technology. (Coolant
with long −life hybrid organic acid
technology is a combination of low
phosphates and organic acids.)
See “Checking the engine coolant level”
on page 298 for details of coolant type
selection.
“Toyota Super Long Life Coolant” is a mix-
ture of 50% coolant and 50% deionized
water. This coolant provides protection
down to about –35 °C (–31 °F).
NOTICE
Do not use plain water alone.
Check the condition of the battery and
cables.
Cold temperatures reduce the capacity of
any battery, so it must be in top shape
to provide enough power for winter start-
ing. It tells you how to visually inspect the
battery on page 312. Your Toyota dealer
and most service stations will be pleased
to check the level of charge.
Make sure the engine oil viscosity is
suitable for the cold weather.
See page 297 for recommended viscosity.
Leaving a heavy summer oil in your ve-
hicle during winter months may cause
harder starting. If you are not sure about
which oil to use, call your Toyota dealer–
they will be pleased to help.
Keep the door locks from freezing.
Squirt lock de −icer or glycerine into the
locks to keep them from freezing.
Use a washer fluid containing an anti-
freeze solution.
This product is available at your Toyota
dealer and most auto parts stores. Follow
the manufacturer ’s directions for how
much to mix with water.

297
ENGINE OIL SELECTION
“Toyota Genuine Motor Oil” is used in
your Toyota vehicle. Use Toyota approved
“Toyota Genuine Motor Oil” or equivalent
to satisfy the following grade and viscos-
ity.
Oil grade:API grade, SL “Energy −Conserving” or
ILSAC multigrade engine oil
Recommended viscosity:
SAE 5W −30
Temperature range anticipated before next
oil change
SAE 5W30 is the best choice for good
fuel economy, and good starting in cold
weather.
If SAE 5W30 oil is not available, SAE
10W30 oil may be used. However, it
should be replaced with SAE 5W30 at
the next oil change.
API service symbol
ILSAC certification mark

325
Service specifications
ENGINE
Valve clearance (engine cold), mm (in.):Intake 0.15 – 0.25 (0.006 – 0.010)
Exhaust 0.25 – 0.35 (0.010 – 0.014)
Spark plug type: DENSO SK20R11
NGK IFR6A11
Spark plug gap, mm (in.): 1.1 (0.043)
ENGINE LUBRICATION
Oil capacity (drain and refill), L (qt.,
Imp.qt.) With filter 6.8 (7.2, 6.0)
Without filter 6.4 (6.8, 5.6)
Oil grade:
“Toyota Genuine Motor Oil” is used in
your Toyota vehicle. Use Toyota ap-
proved “Toyota Genuine Motor Oil” or
equivalent to satisfy the following grade
and viscosity.
Oil grade:
API grade, SL “Energy −Conserving” or
ILSAC multigrade engine oil Recommended viscosity:
SAE 5W
−30
Temperature range anticipated before next
oil change
Please contact your Toyota dealer for fur-
ther details. COOLING SYSTEM
Total capacity, L (qt., Imp.qt.)
Without rear heater 14.7 (15.5, 12.9)
With rear heater 15.4 (16.3, 13.6)
Coolant type:
“Toyota Super Long Life Coolant” is used
in your Toyota vehicle at factory fill. In
order to avoid technical problems, only use
“Toyota Super Long Life Coolant” or similar
high quality ethylene glycol based non −sili-
cate, non −amine, non− nitrite, and non− bo-
rate coolant with long −life hybrid organic
acid technology. (Coolant with long −life hy-
brid organic acid technology is a combina-
tion of low phosphates and organic acids.)
Do not use plain water alone.
Please contact your Toyota dealer for fur-
ther details.
BATTERY
Open voltage
∗ at 20 C (68 F):
12.6 – 12.8 V Fully charged
12.2 – 12.4 V Half charged
11.8 – 12.0 V Discharged
∗: Voltage that is checked 20 minutes af-
ter the key is removed with all the lights
turned off
Charging rates: 5 A max.

326
AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION
Fluid capacity (drain and refill), L (qt.,
Imp.qt.) Up to 3.0 (3.2, 2.6)
Fluid type: “Toyota Genuine ATF WS”
Change automatic transmission fluid
only as necessary.
Generally, it is necessary to change au-
tomatic transmission fluid only if your
vehicle is driven under one of the Spe-
cial Operating Conditions listed in your
“Scheduled Maintenance Guide” or
“Owner ’s Manual Supplement”. When
changing the automatic transmission
fluid, use only “Toyota Genuine ATF
WS” (ATF JWS3324 or NWS9638) to aid
in assuring maximum transmission per-
formance.
Notice: Using automatic transmission
fluid other than “Toyota Genuine ATF
WS” may cause deterioration in shift
quality, locking up of your transmis-
sion accompanied by vibration, and
ultimately damage the automatic
transmission of your vehicle. TRANSFER
Oil capacity, L (qt., Imp.qt.)
1.3 (1.4, 1.1)
Oil type: Gear oil API GL −4 or GL −5
Recommended oil viscosity: SAE 75W −90
DIFFERENTIAL
Oil capacity, L (qt., Imp.qt.): Front 1.6 (1.7, 1.4)
Rear 3.3 (3.5, 2.9)
Oil type: Hypoid gear oil API GL −5
Recommended oil viscosity: Above –18 C (0 F)
SAE 90
Below –18 C (0 F)
SAE 80W or 80W −90 CHASSIS LUBRICATION
Wheel bearings:
Lithium base wheel bearing grease,
NLGI No.2
Front drive shaft thrust bushings: Synthetic oil and lithium soap base
chassis grease, NLGI No.1
Propeller shafts: SpidersLithium base chassis grease, NLGI
No.2
Slide yoke Lithium base chassis grease, NLGI
No.2 or Molybdenum—disulfide lithium
base chassis grease, NLGI No.2

337
N
New vehicle break
−in 209 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
O
Odometer 121
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Off road vehicle precautions 208
. . . . . . . . . . .
Oil
Consumption 214
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Power steering 301
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure gauge 119
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Viscosity and grade 296
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Oil consumption 214
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Operation in foreign countries 211
. . . . . . . . .
Outside rear view mirror heaters 115 . . . . . . .
Outside temperature display 188
. . . . . . . . . . .
Overheating, Engine coolant 118
. . . . . . . . . .
Overview
Engine compartment 290
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
P
Parking brake
Operation 142 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reminder light 142 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Personal light 112 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Polishing 277 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Power outlet 192 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Power quarter windows 24 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Power rear view mirror control 99 . . . . . . . . . .
Power steering
Fluid level 301 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Power window switches 22 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Preloaders (seat belt pretensioners) 55 . . . . . Pretensioners
(seat belt pretensioners) 55 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Protecting your Toyota from corrosion 276 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Q
Quarter windows 24
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
R
Radiator
Coolant, Engine 298 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Radio 152 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rear air conditioning system 184 . . . . . . . . . .
Rear seat
Third seat entry 38 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rear seat audio system 170 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rear step bumper 219 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rear view mirrors
Folding 100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Outside 99 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Power 99 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rear view monitor system 189 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rear window defogger switch 115 . . . . . . . . . .
Rear window wiper and washer switch 114 . .
Reporting safety defects for U.S. owners 332 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rollover sensing of curtain shield airbag off switch 193 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Roof luggage carrier 202 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
S
Seat adjustment precautions
Front seats 35 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seat belt extender 53 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seat belts
Cleaning 279 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Fastening 48 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seat belt precautions 48 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seat belt pretensioners 55 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seat heater switches 47 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seating capacity 230 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Seats 34 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Second seat 37, 38 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Service and maintenance 284 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Side door locks 18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Skyhook TEMS 145, 147 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Spare fuse 314 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Spare tire 259 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Spark plugs
Iridium −tipped spark plugs 215 . . . . . . . . . .
Specifications 324 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SRS driver and
front passenger airbags 58 . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
SRS side and curtain shield airbags with rollover sensing function 65 . . . . . . . . .
Starting
Cold weather 236 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Engine 236 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Jump starting 253 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steering
Power tilt steering wheel 98 . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steering column
Column lock 134
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Steering pad switches 172
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Sun visors 105
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .