warning AUDI A3 2015 User Guide

22 Instruments and indicator lights ~Engine
• Engin e stopped: brake servo and power
steering not possible
There is a malfunct io n in the eng ine or in the
f u e l supp ly system .
A large amou nt of steering and braking force
i s required when driving a ro lli ng vehicle w it h
the eng ine stopped. Try to stop a ro lling veh i­
cle ca refully on the s ide of th e road . See your
author ized Audi dealer or qua lified repai r fa­
cili ty.
_&. WARNING
If the eng ine stops whi le driving, a la rge
amount of braking force is required . This
increases the risk of an accident. As long
as the ve hicle rolls wit h the ignition
sw itched on and there is e nough battery
charge, the power steering wi ll still work.
If not, a large amoun t of steeri ng force is
re quir ed.
-
;;IC, Electronic stabilization control
(ESC) and
(8) anti-lock braking system
(ABS)
If t h e J;,J indicator light b links w hile d riving,
the ESP or ASR (anti-s lip regulat ion) is actively
regulat ing.
I f th e
J;,J indicator light turns on, t he system
h as sw itche d the ESC
off . In th is case, you can
switch the ignition
off and then on to switch
the ESC on again. The indicator light turns
off
when th e system is functioning fully .
Stabilization control (ESC ): sport. Warning!
Rest ricted stability
When the II indica to r li gh t turns on, the ES C
sport mo de was switc hed on w it h the
!1' O FF I
button ¢ page 187. You can turn the ESC
bac k on by press ing the
!1' O FF i button again.
Stabilization control (ESC ): off. Warning!
Restricted stability
Wh en the II indicato r ligh t tur ns on, ESC i s
restri cte d or was sw itche d
off wi th the I~ O FF I
but ton ¢ page 187 . The mess age ESC OFF al- so appears
. You can t urn the ESC bac k on by
pressing the
1 -P. O FF I butto n again .
When the igni tion is sw itche d on t he sys tem
is tur ned o n. The
fl indica tor ligh t turns off
when the system is functioning f ully.
Stabilization control (ESC) malfunction! See
owner's manual
Stabilization control (ESC/ABS) malfunc­
tion! See owner's manual
ABS malfunct ion! See owner's manual
If the DJ in di cator light and the ABS indicator
li ght
i;l (U SA mode ls) ;tiJ (Canada mode ls)
turn on and this message appears, there is a
malfuncti on in the ABS system or electronic
differentia l lock . T hi s also causes the ESC to
malfu nction . The brakes st il l function wi th
t h eir normal power, but A BS is not
active.
Drive to y our auth orized A udi dealer or quali­
fied repa ir facility immed iate ly to have the
malfu nction corrected .
_&. WARNING
-If the. (U SA mode ls) • (Cana da mod-
e ls) brake sys tem indi ca tor ligh t turns on
to ge ther wi th the A BS an d ESC ind icat or
li g hts, the A BS/ ES C r egu la t ing func tion
may have fa iled . Fu nctions that s tabili ze
the veh icle are no longe r available . This
could ca use the vehicle to
swerve, wh ich
in creases the r is k th at the vehicle will
slide . Dr ive carefully to the nearest aut hor­
i z e d A udi dealer or ot her qualified repair
fac ility an d have t he malfu nction cor rect­
e d .
@ Tips
Fo r additional informat io n o n ESC an d
A BS, refer to
Q pag e 185.
(0} Worn brake pads
£t3 Brake pads!
If the warning light illuminates, immed iate ly
co ntact your author ized Audi dea ler or qua li-
fi ed wor kshop to have all b rake pads ..,_

inspected. On USA models the warning light
[IJ comes on together with the warning light
• . Both sets of brake pads on an axle must
always be rep laced at the same time.
_& WARNING
Dr iv ing with bad brakes can cause a coll i­
sion and serious personal injury.
- If the warning light
[IJ and the warning
light
. l) with the message Brake pads!
comes o n in the instrument cluste r dis­
play, immed iately contact your au thor­
i z ed Audi dea le r or q ualified wor kshop to
have all bra ke p ad s ch ecked or rep laced if
necessary.
· ~ Hill hold
Hill hold a ssis t: un available
If th e> #j •ndicato r light turns on and this
message appea rs, hill ho ld is not available.
II Manual control!
If this message appears, press the b rake ped·
al.
Continue driving w ith the help of the parking
brake ¢
page 76.
EPC Engine control (gasoline engine)
Applies to vehicles: with gasoline engine
If the ~ indicator light turns on there is a
malfunct ion in the engine control.
D rive s low ly to your authorized Audi dealer or
q ua lified repair faci lity to have the engine
checked .
I f the ~ indica to r li ght turns on when you
start the engine, there is a malfunction in the
l aunch contro l. To start the engine, follow
these steps:
- Vehicles wi th a mechanical ignition
¢ page 71 ,
-vehicles wi th a compor t igni tion
c:> page 73.
1) . : USA mode ls onl y
Instrument s and indicator ligh ts 23
o Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL)
The Ma lfun ction Indi cato r Lamp ( MIL) is pa rt
of the On-Board Diagnos tic (OBD II) sys tem.
T he sym bo l
('4 lights up when the ignition is
switched on and will tur n off after the engine
has started and has settled at a constant idle
speed . This indicates that the MIL is work ing
properly.
T he wa rning lig ht ill uminates when the re is a
malfunction in the engine electronic system .
Contact your a uthorized Aud i dea ler and have
the malfunction corrected.
If the fuel fille r cap is closed incor rect ly, this
may also cause the MIL to turn on
c:> poge 208.
For more information ¢ page 29 .
!7, Engine speed limitation
Applies to vehicles: wi th engine speed lim itatio n
(m Max. engine speed: XXXX rpm
T he eng ine speed is automatically limi ted to
the speed displayed in the driver info rm ation
system . This pro te cts the engine from over ­
heating.
T he eng ine speed l imi ta tion dea ctivates on ce
the engine is no longer in the cri tical tempera ­
tu re range and yo u have re lease d the acce lera ­
tor pedal.
If t he engine speed limi tat ion was act iva ted
b y an engine cont rol m alfunc tio n, the ~ indi­
cator light also turns on. Make sure the en ­
gine speed does not go above the speed dis­
played, fo r example when downshifting . Drive
to yo ur authorized Aud i dea le r or qualified re ­
pair facility immediately to have the malfunc­
tion corrected .
~. Engine oil level (min.)
El Check oil level
•

24 Instruments and indicator lights
You may continue driving for the time being .
Check the oil level as soon as possible
¢ page 212.
-If the engine oil level is too low, add engine
oi l
¢ page 215.
-If the engine oil level is correct and the indi­
cator light still turns on, drive at low engine
speed to the nearest authorized Audi dea ler
or qualified repair facility.
_..,. Engine oil sensor
II Oil level sensor: system fault!
The sensor to check the engine oil level has
failed. Drive to an authorized Audi dealer or
qua lified repair faci lity immediately to have
the malfunction corrected.
Q;) Note
Pay attention to the description in the
Owner 's Manual
¢ page 215 and
¢ page 215, Adding engine oil "l::;1:.
Bil Tank system
RD Please refuel
When the indicator light turns first turns on
and this message appears, the tank contains
the following amount of fuel:
- Front wheel drive : approximately 1.8 gal­
lons (7 liters)
- All wheel drive: approximately 2.2 gallons
(8 .5 liters)
RD Fuel tank malfunction! Please contact
Service
If the indicator light turns on and this mes­
sage appears, there is a ma lfunction in the
tank system.
Drive to your authorized Aud i dealer or quali­
fied repair facility immediately to have the
malfunction corrected.
@) For the sake of the environment
Fuel should never enter the sewer system
or come into contact w ith the ground.
(D Tips
More information on refueling is available
on page ¢
page 207.
~ Washer fluid level
m Please add washer fluid
Fill the washer fluid with the ignition switched
off ¢
page 224.
• Windshield wipers
m Windshield wiper: system fault!
There is a malfunction with the windshie ld
wipers .
Drive to your authorized Audi dealer or quali­
fied repair facility immediate ly to have the
malfunction corrected.
~ Defective light bulb warning
Applies to vehicles: wit h drive r info rmatio n system
If the S:i indicator light turns on, a bulb has
failed. The message ind icates the location of
the bulb .
Replace the bulb immediately.
Vehicle lights: system fault!
There is a malfunction in the headlights or
light switch. Drive to an author ized Audi deal­
er or qualified repair facility immediately to
have the malfunction corrected.
_&. WARNING
- Light bulbs are under pressure and can
explode when bu lbs are replaced -risk of
inj ury.
- With gas-discharge lamps* (xenon head­
lights), the high -voltage component
must be hand led appropriate ly. Other­
wise, there is a risk of fatal injury.
-

~(D Dynamic headlight range control
system
App lies to vehicles: with Xe non lig hts
II Headlight range control system: system
fault!
There is a malfunct ion i n the dynam ic head ­
light range con trol system, wh ich may cause
g la re for other drivers.
D rive to you r autho rized Aud i dea le r o r quali­
fied repair faci lity immediately to have the
mal funct ion cor rected.
l§O Audi adaptive light
Applies to vehicles: with Audi adaptive light
rDI Audi adaptive light: system fault!
There is a malfunct io n in the adaptive lights.
The headlights still function.
Drive to an authorized Aud i dealer or qualified
repair facility immediately to have the mal­
function corrected .
@) Light/rain sensor
Applies to vehicles: with light/ra in se nsor
El Automatic headlights: system fault!
El Automatic wipers: system fault!
The light/rain sensor is not working.
F or safety reasons , the low beams are turned
on permanent ly with the switch in
AUTO. You
can continue to turn the lights on and off us­
ing the light switch. You can still control all
wiper functions that are independent of the
rain sensor.
Drive to an authorized Audi dea ler or qualified
repair facility immediately to have the mal­
function corrected .
Q Adaptive dampers
Applies to vehicles: with Audi drive select
II Suspension: system fault!
There is an adaptive damper malfunction.
Instruments and indicator lights 25
Drive to an authorized A udi dealer or qualified
repair facility immediately to have the mal­
function corrected .
¢i Q Turn signals
If the B or 1B in dicator light blinks, a turn
s ignal is turned on. If both indicator lights are
blinking, the emergency flashers are on.
In an indicator light blinks twice as fast as
usual then a blinker bulb has failed. Carefully
drive to your author ized Audi dealer or quali­
fied repa ir facility immed iately to have the
malfu nction corrected . T he indicator light
does not indicate a malfunction if a turn sig­
nal on the trailer or on the vehicle fails when
towing a trailer.
(D Tips
For more information on the turn signals,
see
~ page 44.
{d i~ Rear safety belt
App lies to vehicles: with rear safety belt detection
The IJ ;ffl i ndicator light turns on briefly
when you swi tch the ignition on.
An indica tor light turns on briefly when the
safety belt in the rear seat is buckled or un­
buckled.
l!I -if the ind icator light turns on briefly, the
r ear seat is not occupied or the safety belt is
not buckled . Th ere is also an audio warning
signal if the be lt is unbuckled whi le driving.
II -if the ind icator light turns on briefly, the
r ear safety belt is buckled.
{D Tips
For additional information on safety belts,
refer to~
page 131.
•

Other equipment
Applies to vehicles: with driver information system
Fig. 1 4 Instrument cluste r: other e quipmen t (e xam­
p le)
~ Turn the menu thumbwheel@¢page 27,
fig. 11 while in the efficiency program until
t h e other eq uipme nt affect ing consump tion
appears .
Other equipmen t that is curren tly affecting
fuel cons umption is listed in t he eff iciency
p rog ram. The display shows up to three other
items of equipment @. The equipment using
the most f uel is listed first . If more than thr ee
items us ing fue l are switched on, the equip­
ment that is cu rrently using the most fuel is
d isplayed .
A scale @ also shows the current total con ­
sumpt ion of all other equipment .
Fuel economy messages
Applies to vehicles: with driver information system
Fi g. 15 Instrum ent clus ter: e conomy m essa ge (e xam­
p le)
Fue l economy messages are displayed when
fuel consumption is increased by certain con ­
d itions .
If you follow these fuel economy mes­
sages, you can reduce your vehicle's cons ump­
tion of fuel. The messages appear automati-
Dr iver in formation system 29
ca lly and are only displayed in the efficiency
program . The fue l economy messages t urn off
automat ica lly after a certain per iod of t ime .
~ To turn an economy message off immed iate­
ly a fter it appears, press any button on the
mu ltifunction steer ing wheel.
(D Tips
- Once yo u have tur ned a fuel economy
message off, it will o nly appea r again af­
ter you turn the ignition on again.
- T he f ue l economy messages are not dis ­
played in every instance, but rather in in ­
tervals over a period of t ime.
On-Board Diagnostic
system (OBD)
Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL )
The Ma lfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL) ¢• in
the instr ument cluste r is part of the On-Board
Diagnost ic (O8D
II) system .
T he warning/i ndicator light ill uminates when
the ignit ion is switched on and goes out after
the engine starts and the id le has stabilized .
This indicates that the MIL i s working proper­
ly.
If the light does not go out after the engine
is started, or illuminates while you are driv­
ing, a malfunction may exist in the engi ne sys­
tem.
If t he light illuminates, the ca talytic con­
verter could be damaged .
Continue driving
with reduced power (avo id­
ing sustained high speeds and/or rapid accel­
erations) and have the cond ition corrected .
Contact your authorized Audi dea ler .
I f the light illuminates, the electronic speed
limiter may also be malfunct io ning . For more
informa tion
c> page 30 , Electronic speed
limiter* .
If the fuel filler cap is closed incorrectly, this
may also cause the MIL to turn on
c> page208.

30 Driver in formation system
Electronic speed limiter*
Applies to vehicles: electro nic speed li miter
Your veh icle may be facto ry equipped with
tires that a re rated for a maxim um speed of
130 mph (210 km/h). This is less than the
maximum speed of your vehicle. To reduce the
risk of s udden tire failure and loss of control if
the vehicle is operated at excessive speeds,
your ve hicle also has an electronic speed limit­
er. The electronic speed limiter prevents your
vehicle from go ing faster than the tire speed
rating . For mo re informat io n ~
page 236 .
If the engine control unit rece ives fa ulty vehi­
cle road speed s ignals, the Malfunction Ind i­
cator Lamp (MIU
¢'4 will illuminate . If th is
occurs, con tact the nearest aut horized Aud i
dea ler for assistance.
S model s
Your vehicle's top speed is e lectronically limit­
ed to 155 mph (250 km/h) .
If t he engine control unit receives fa ulty vehi­
cle roadspeed signa ls, the Ma lf u nction Indica­
tor Lamp (MIU
¢4 will illum inate. If th is oc­
curs, contact the nearest authorized A udi
dealer for assistance .
A WARNING
-
Always observe the posted speed limits
an d ad just yo ur speed to suit p revailing
road, t raffi c and wea ther conditions. Never
drive you r vehicle faster tha n the maxi­
m um speed rating of the tires insta lled .

Opening and closing
Central locking
Key set
Fig . 16 Your vehicle key set
The key set contains two remote contro l keys
or convenience keys*. To fold the key out or in,
press the release button
q fig. 16 -arrow-.
Remote control key or convenience key
The convenience key is a vehicle remote con ­
trol key with special functions ¢ page 34,
Locking and unlocking with convenience key
and
q page 73 , Starting and stopping the
engine (vehicles with a convenience key).
With the remote control key, you can lock and
un lock the vehicle centrally and start the en­
gine.
Number of keys
You can check the number of keys assigned to
your vehicle in the MMI. This allows you to
make sure you have received a ll of the keys
when you purchase a used vehicle. Select: Sys­
tems control button or Car Systems
> Service
& control> Programmed keys .
Replacing a key
If a key is lost, see an authorized Audi dea ler
or qualified repair facility. Have this key deac­
tivated. It is important to br ing all keys with
you.
If a key is lost, you should report it to
your insurance company .
Immobilizer
The immobilizer prevents unauthorized use of
the vehicle . The vehicle may not start if anoth -
Opening and closing 31
er radio device such as a key for another veh i­
cle or a transponder is located on the key ring.
Data in the remote control key or
convenience key
While driving , service and maintenance -rele ­
vant data is continuously stored on your re­
mote control key or convenience key*. Your
Audi serv ice advisor can read out this data and
tell you about the work your vehicle needs.
_& WARNING
- Always take the vehicle key with you
when leaving the vehicle, even for a
short period of time. This applies partic­
ularly when children remain in the vehi­
cle. Otherwise the children could start
the engine or operate electrical equip­
ment such as power windows.
- Do not remove the key from the ignition
lock until the vehicle has come to a com­
plete stop. Otherwise, the steering col­
umn lock could engage suddenly and in­
crease the risk of an accident.
{i) Tips
The operation of the remote control key
can be temporarily disrupted by interfer­
ence from transmitters in the vicinity of
the veh icle working in the same frequency
range (for example, a cell phone or radio
equipment).
Central locking system description
You can lock and unlock the vehicle centrally .
There are different ways, depending on vehicle
equipment:
- Remote control key¢ page 33
- Lock cylinder on the driver's door
q page 35, or
- Sensors in the front door handle on vehicles
with convenience key* q page 34,
- Power locking switch inside¢ page 35.
•

32 Opening and closing
Selective unlocking
The doors and rear lid lock when they close.
You can set in the MMI whether
only the driv­
er's door or the entire vehicle should lock
when closing
c::> page 36.
Automatic locking (Auto Lock)
The Auto Lock funct ion locks all doors and the
l uggage compartment lid once the speed has
exceeded approximately 9 mph (15 km/h) .
The car is un locked again once the ignition key
is removed. In addition, the vehicle can be un­
l ocked if the opening function in the power
locking system switch is used or one of the
door handles is pulled. The Auto Lock function
can be turned off or on in the MMI
c::>page36.
In the event of a crash with airbag dep loy ­
ment, the doors automatically unlock to allow
access to the vehicle.
Anti -theft alarm system*
If the anti-theft alarm system detects a vehi­
cle break-in, audio and visual warning signa ls
are triggered .
The anti-theft alarm system turns on auto­ mat ica lly when you lock the vehicle.
It deacti­
vates when un locking using the remote con­
trol key or by touching the sensor on the door
handle (convenience key).
To switch the alarm off, press them button on
the remote control key or convenience key or
switch the ignition on . The alarm also stops
automatically after a certain amount of time.
Turn signals
The turn signals flash twice when you unlock
the vehicle and once when yo u lock the vehi­
cle.
If they do not flash, one of the doors, the lug­
gage compartment lid or the hood is not
lock ed or the ignition is still sw itched on (the
latter applies to vehicles with a convenience
key) .
Unintentionally locking yourself out
The following situat ions prevent you from
locking your remote control key in the vehicle:
- The vehicle does not lock w ith the cent ral
lock ing switc h if the driver's door is open
c::>page3 5.
-On veh icles with a convenience key*, the lug­
gage compartment lid unlocks again after
clos ing if the most recent ly used key is in
the luggage compartment.
Do not lock your veh icle w ith the remote con­
trol key or convenience key* until all doors and
the luggage compartment lid are closed. This
helps to prevent from locking yourself out ac­
cidentally .
(D Tips
-Do not leave va luab les unattended in the
vehicle. A locked vehicle is not a safe!
- If the LED in the upper edge of the driv­
er's door turns on for about 30 seconds
after the vehicle is locked, there is a mal­
function in the power locking or the anti­
theft alarm system*. Have the problem
corrected by an authorized dealer or
qualif ied repair facility.
- The interior monitor ing of the anti-theft
alarm system* only operates correctly if
the windows and the sunroof* are closed.

(D Tips
If you vehicle is left standing for a long pe­
riod of t ime, note the following:
- The proximity sensor sw itches off afte r a
few days to save energy. You then have
to pull once on the door hand le to unlock
the vehicle and a second time to open it.
- To prevent the battery from draining and
to retain the start ing ability of your vehi­
cle as long as poss ible, the energy man­
agement system gradually tuns off un­ necessary convenience functions You
may not be able to unlock your vehicle
using the convenience key.
- For Declaration of Compliance to United
States FCC and Industry Canada regula­
tions, see
r:o page 2 71.
Unlocking /locking with the key
In the event that the power locking system
fails, the driver's door can locked and un­
locked using the door lock .
Fig . 21 Driver's door: door lock
• To un lock the driver's door, t urn the key to
the open position @.
• To lock the driver's door, move the selector
lever to the P position (automatic transmis­
s ion) and turn the key once to the close posi­
t ion @.
The settings in the MMI specify if the entire
vehicle or one of the doors is unlocked
i:::o page36 .
Openin g an d clos ing 35
@ Tips
Additional remote control key or conven­
i ence key functions~
page 39, Conven-
ience opening/closing.
Central locking switch
Fig . 22 Driver's door: centra l locking switch
• To lock the vehicle, press the [§] button
q ,&..
• To unlock the vehicle, press the Im button
r=ofig.22.
When locking the vehicle with the centra l
locking switch, the following applies:
- Opening the doo r and the luggage compart­
ment lid from the
outside is not possib le
(for security such as when stopped at a
light).
- The LED in the central locking switch turns
on when all doors are closed and locked.
- Yo u can open the doo rs individually from the
inside by pulling the doo r handle.
- In the event of a crash w ith airbag deploy­
ment, the doo rs unlock automat ica lly to al ­
low access to the vehicle.
A WARNING
- The power lock ing switch works with the
ignit ion off and a utomatica lly locks the
entire veh icle when the [§] button is
pressed.
- The central locking switch is inoperative
when the vehicle is locked from the out­ side.
- Locked doors make it more difficult for
emergency workers to get into the veh i-
cle, which puts lives at risk. Do not leave ..,

36 Opening and closing
anyone beh ind in the vehicle, es pecially
children.
(D Tips
Your vehicle is lo ck ed aut om atically at a
spee d of 9 mph (15 km/ h)
c> page 31. Yo u
can unloc k the vehicle a gain us ing the
open ing funct ion in the power l ock ing sys­
tem sw itch.
Setting central locking
App lies to vehicles: with driver informat ion system
Va rious settings can be adjusted in the MMI :
Adjusting door unlocking
You can dete rm ine which doo rs s hou ld unl ock
when opening the vehicle .
.. Se lect :
System control butt o n or Car sys­
tems
> Vehicle settings > Central locking >
Door unlocking .
Selecting All and pres sing th e ~ button on
the remote cont ro l key un lo ck s the en tire ve ­
hi cle .
S elec ting
On /Driver and pres sing th e ~ but­
ton o n the rem ote co ntrol k ey once unlocks
on ly the driver 's doo r. In vehicles wi th a con ­
ve nience key, only the front doo r whose han ­
dl e you pull will u nloc k. If you press the~
button twice , the enti re vehicle will unlock . If
you press the~ button, t he ent ire vehicle will
a lways lock.
Adjusting Auto Lock
.. Se lect : Systems contro l button or Car sys­
tems
> Vehicle settings > Lock when driv ·
ing.
If yo u selec t On, the en tire vehicle will lock
automatically when the speed reaches 9 m ph
(15 km/h) .
Folding the exterior mirrors
.. Se le ct: Sy stems con tro l b utt on or Car Sys­
tems
> Vehicle settings > Central locking >
l ) Thi s func tion is not available in all co untr ies.
Fold mirrors . Fo r more information, see
c::> page 48, Adjusting the exterior mirrors .
If yo u se le ct On , the ou tside mir ro rs will fo ld
in aut omaticall y when you press the~ button
o n the remote cont ro l key
c::> page 48 .
Tone when locking
.,. Sele ct: Systems control butto n or Car sys­
tems > Vehicle settings > Central locking
>
Tone when lo cking .
When ch ecked off./, a to ne will sound w hen
yo u loc k the vehicle .
If you p ress the
I@ b utton twice, the entire ve ­
hicle will loc k. There is a lock ing tone at the
same t ime
1> .
Electronic immobilizer
T he immobilizer helps to prevent unauthor ­
ized use of your vehicle .
A compute r chi p in side your key automatically
deact ivates the elect ro ni c immobilizer when
t h e key is ins ide the veh icle . W hen you remove
the key from the vehicle , the elect ron ic immo­
bili zer is au toma tically acti vated once ag ain.
_&. WARNING
-
Alw ays t ake the key wi th you whe n you
l e ave the vehicle. The key can d is ar m the
e lectronic en gine immobilize r and permi t
an una uthorized person t o start the engi ne
and enable o peration of the vehicle sys­
tems such as power w indow o r power su n­
r oof leading to se rious pe rsonal injury .
(D Tips
- The ve hicl e cannot be started if an una u­
thorized key is used . The vehicle may not
start i f anot he r radio device s uch as a k ey
f o r another ve hicle o r a transponder is
located on t he key rin g.
- Fo r Declaration of Comp liance to Unite d
States FCC and Ind ustry Canada reg ula­
t io ns, see
c> pag e 2 71 .