Wheel AUDI A4 AVANT 2008 Owners Manual
[x] Cancel search | Manufacturer: AUDI, Model Year: 2008, Model line: A4 AVANT, Model: AUDI A4 AVANT 2008Pages: 368, PDF Size: 46.19 MB
Page 5 of 368

Safety belts .................. .
Safety belt tensioner ..... ... .. .
Airbag system ........ .... .. .. .
Important th ings to know .. .... .
Front airbags .. ... .. ... ...... . .
Monitoring the Advanced Airbag
System ... ..... .... ..... .. ... .
Side airbags .... ... ...... ..... .
Side curtain airbags (SIDEGUARD™l
Child Safety .. ... ... ..... ... ... .
Important things to know .... .. .
Child safety seats ........ ... .. .
Insta lling a ch ild safety seat .... .
Addit ional Information .... ..... .
Lower anchorages and tether for
chi ldren (LA TCH) .......... ... .. .
t
181
185
187
187
191
198
203 207
210
210
215
220
223
225 Avoid damag
ing the vehicle .....
Operate your vehicle economically
and minimize pollution ......... .
Trailer towing .......... ... .. .. .
Driv ing w it h a trailer ... .... .... .
Trai ler towing t ips ....... ...... .
Vehicle care ........ ... ... .
C lean ing and protection ...... .
Genera l information ........... .
Care of exterior ....... .. .. .. ... .
Care of interior ................ .
Fuel supply and filling your fuel
tank ........ .... .. ... .... ...... .
245
245
248
248
250
253
254
254
254
261
267
Gasoline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
Fuel tank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268
Vehicle operation . . . . . . . . 235 Checking and filling . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
Intelligent technology ... ...... .
Notice about data recorded by
veh icle contro l modules ....... .
Electronic Stabilization Program
(ESP) ......................... .
Braking .. ... ... ... ... ... .. ... .
Servotronic®
-advanced power
steering system . ......... .. ... . 236
236
236
239
241
Driv ing w ith your quattro® . . . . . . 242
Driving and environment . . . . . . 243
The first 1,000 miles (1,500 kml and
afterwards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
Cata lytic conver ter . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244 Engine
hood ......... ......... .
Engine compartmen t .... ... ... .
Engine oil ... ...... ... ....... .. .
Engine cooling system .. .... ... .
Brake fluid . ............... .... .
Ba ttery ...... .......... .... ... .
Windshield/headlight washer
con ta iner .. ........ ... ........ .
Tires and whee ls ..... ......... .
Tires .......... ...... .. .. ..... . 272
2 74
275
280
284
285
291
293
293
Tabl e of cont ents
Do-it-yourself service . . . 3 15
What do I do now? . ......... ... 316
Jack, tools and spare wheel . . . . . . 316
W hee l change ............... ... 318
Fuses and bulbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326
Fuses ........ ......... ..... .... 326
Bu lbs .............. ... ... ... ... 328
Eme rgency sit uations . . . . . . . . . . 330
Genera l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330
Starting by pushing or towing . . . . 330
Starting with jumper cables . . . . . . 330
Use of jumper cables . . . . . . . . . . . . 331
Emergency tow ing with comme rcial
tow truck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332
Lif ting the vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335
Technical data
General in for matio n
339
340
E xplanat ion of technical data . . . . 340
Vehicle identification . . . . . . . . . . . . 340
Weights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . 341
Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341
irechnical data
Page 13 of 368

Instruments and controls
General illustration
G) Power window switches ........................ .
0 Door handle
G) Power locking switch .......................... .
© Adjuster control fo r outside mirrors ...... .... .... .
© Light switch .. ...... .... ... .... .... .... .... ... .
© Air o utlets ........ ... .. .... .... ... .... .... .... .
0 Turn s igna l and high beam .. .... .... ......... .. .
© Instrument c luster .. ... .... .... .... ... .. .... ... .
G) Switches for
- Windshield wiper/washer . ...... .... .... ... ... .
- Trip computer ...... .... .... ... .... .... .... . .
@ Steering lock/ignition/starter switch (in the steering
@
@
@
@
@
@
@
@
@
@
@
whee l column) . ...... ... .... .... .... ... .... ... .
Electron ic Stab ilization Prog ram (ESP) switc h ...... .
Emergency flasher ....... .... .... .... .... .... .. .
Storage compartment for sma ll objects
Sound System
G love compartment ( lockab le) ... .. .... .... .... .. .
Front passenger's airbag .... .... .... .... ..... .. .
Cl imate controls .. ..... .... .... ...... .... ... .. .
Rear window defogger switc h .... .... .... .... ... .
Switch for seat heating ......................... .
Ashtray .. ....... .... ............. ...... .... .. .
Gear shift lever or selector lever (automatic transmis
s ion)
- Manual transmission .. ...... ....... ...... ... .
- 6-speed automa tic transm ission .. ...... .... ... .
I .
.
® -mu t1tronic ................................ .
65
59
91
72
131
80
12
85
38
135
236 79
123
122
191
126
131
132
119
142
1 4 3
14 9
Controls and equip
ment • I I • • I
Instrum ents and controls
Cupho lder
Park ing brake lever ............................ .
Electrical socket ............................... .
Storage compartment
Memory buttons (driver's seat) .. ...... .... ... ... .
Re lease lever for t he e ngine hood ...... .... ... ... .
Data Link Connector fo r On Board D iagnostic (OBD Ill
Cruise control .... .... .... .... ....... .... .... .. .
Steering wheel with:
- Horn
D. ' . b - nversa1r ag . ................ .... ......... .
@ Adjustab le steering co lumn .. ...... .... .... .... . .
@ Recessed she lf for vehic le literature .............. .
118
137
121
100
272 27
140
191
134
123 •
Page 18 of 368

Instruments and warning /indi cator lights
M alfun ction message
I f there is a malfunction somewhere in the inst rument cluster, dEF
wi ll appear in the trip odometer and will stay on . Contact your
authorized Audi dealer to have the prob lem corrected. •
Electronic immobilizer SAFE
Trying to start the vehicle with a non -a u thorized or a
defective key will ac tivate the electronic immobilize r.
miles
52YY
Fig. 6 Odom eter
di spl ay in the spe ed
o me ter: electroni c
immobilizer activat ed
Each time you swi tch on the igni tion, the data stored in the vehicle
key a re e lectronical ly scanned to verify that key data and vehicle
da ta ma tch .
I f a non-coded or a defective vehicle key is used , the word SAFE will
appear and remain lit in the uppe r (trip) odo meter display . If this
happens, the vehicle cannot be started
=> page 54 . •
Fuel gauge
The fuel gauge works only when the ignition is on . When the need
le reaches the red area , the warning light in the
instr ument cl uster will
il lu mi nate ::::> page 34 . This means yo u
have approximate ly 2 .4 ga llons (9 liters) of fue l left in the tank .
Time
to refuel!
The tota l tank capacity of your veh ic le is listed in => page 343,
"Data". Be aware of the different tank capacit ies of front -wheel and
quattro ® all -wheel drive models.
0 Note
Never run the tank completely dry! An i rregular supply of fuel can
cause engine misfir ing and fuel could ent er into th e exhaust
sys tem . The catalytic conver te r could then overheat and be
damaged .•
CHECK button
F ig . 7 CHE CK button i n
the in strument clu ster
The CHECK button performs the fol lowing functions :
Page 23 of 368

Cruise control
CRUISE (USA models)/ ·~ (Canada models)
The CRU ISE wa rn in g/ ind icato r light illuminates whe n the cruise
control is act ivated. •
Anti-lock brake system
ABS (USA models)/
<0 (Canada models)
This warning /indicator light mon itor s the ABS and the
e lec tr oni c di fferent ial loc k (EDL ).
The ABS warning light will come on for a few seconds when the igni
t ion is sw itched on. T he lig ht wi ll go out a fter an autom ati c ch eck
sequenc e is complet ed .
There is a malfunction in the ABS when :
• the warning/indicator light does not ill uminate when you switch
o n t he ign ition .
• the warning/indicator light does not go out after a few seconds .
• the warning/i ndicator light illu minates while driving .
Without the electronic assistance of the ABS , the brake system will
still respond and brake the car . Have the brake system checked and
restored to its full performance by an authorized Audi dealer as
soon as possible.
Fo r m ore info rm ation re gar din g th e ABS s ee
=> pa ge 24 0.
Since any malfunction of the AB S also affects the
ESP, that s ystem's
warning symbol !;.
=> page 22 will light up along with the ABS/
0 (Canada mode ls) warning light.
Unspecific malfun ction in the brake system
If both th e bra ke warn ing lig ht => page 23 and the ABS w arn ing l ig ht
illum inate when t he park in g brake is released, t he likely cause is a
serious malfunction in the brake system beyond an inoperative AB S
=>& .
Controls and equip
ment
Instruments and warning /indicator lights
If an unsp ecific defect in the brake system is indicated, the entire
br ak e syste m is lik ely to be a ffec ted a nd you
mus t exp ect deg ra d ed
b rake r espons e and performance .
Since any malfunction of the ABS also effects the ESP , that system 's
w ar ning symbol
f;.. => page 2 2 will l ight up alo ng with th e ABS/ 0
(Canada models) warning light.
Malfunction in the electroni c differential lock
(EDL )
The two systems ED L and ABS interact . For th is reason the ABS
warning light/ 8 (Canada mode ls) wi ll come on to ind icate a
ma lfunction in the EDL syste m
=> page 237. See your authorized
Aud i deale r as s oon as poss ible.
& WARNING
• If the ABS/ 8 (Canada models) warning light does not go out ,
or if it comes on while driving, the ABS system is not working
properly . The vehicle can then be stopped only with the brakes
operating without ABS support . You will not have the protection
ABS provides. Contact your Audi dealer as soon as possible.
• USA models : If both the BRAKE warning light and the ABS
warning light come on at the same time, the rear wheels could lock up first under hard braking. Rear wheel brake lock-up can
cause loss of vehicle control and an accident . Have your vehicle
repaired immediately by your authorized Audi dealer or a qualified
workshop. Drive slowly and avoid sudden , hard brake application .
• Canada models : If both the brake warning light ((DJ and the ABS
warning light
0 come on at the same time , the rear wheels could
lock up first under hard braking. Rear wheel brake lock-up can
cause loss of vehicle control and an accident . Have your vehicle
repaired immediately by your authorized Audi dealer or a qualified
workshop. Drive slowly and avoid sudden, hard brake
application. •
Page 25 of 368

High beam [D
The ~D warning/indicator light il lu m inates when the high beams are
on or w hen you use the head lig ht flash er. For mo re inf ormation
about using the h igh beams,
see=> page 80 . •
Electronic power control EPC
Th is warn ing /indicator l ig ht m on ito rs the ele ctr onic
po wer co nt rol.
The EPC warning/indicator light (E lectronic Power Control) illumi
n at es w he n yo u switch o n the ignitio n as a functi on ch ec k.
[ i] Tips
If thi s wa rning/indi cator light i llum ina tes w hile you a re driving , then
there is a ma lfunction in the engine electronics . Have the malfunc
t io n co rre cte d as so on as p oss ible by your auth orized Audi de aler or
qualified wor kshop .•
Brake system BRAKE (USA models)/ (CD)
(Canada models)
Th is warn ing /indicator l ight i llu minates when the brake
fl uid leve l is t oo low or wh en ther e is a ma lf u nct io n in t he
ABS , or when the pa rkin g brake i s se t.
T he lig ht illu min ate s w hen the igni tio n is turn ed on. It goes out aft er
the engine has be en started and the parking bra ke is fu lly released .
T his i ndicate s th at th e br ake w arni ng lig ht is fun cti onin g prop erl y.
If the brake warning light does not light up when the engine is
cranking or the parking brake is applied , there may be a malfunction
in the electrical system. In this case, contact your Audi dealer.
When the l ig ht comes on, an audible warning si gnal is also given.
Controls and equip
ment
Instruments and warning /indicator lights
Parking brake set
T he BRAKE or CCD) (Canada) wa rning/indicat or l igh t illum in ate s wh en
t h e pa rkin g b rake is
se t=> ,&.
& WARNING
• USA models : If the BRAKE warning light and the ABS warning
light come on together , the rear wheels could lock up first under
hard braking . Rear wheel lock-up can cause loss of vehicle control
and an accident . Have your vehicle repaired immediately by your
authorized Audi dealer or a qualified workshop. Drive slowly and
avoid sudden, hard brake applications.
• Canada models : If the brake warning light
{(j)) and the ABS
warning light
0 come on together , the rear wheels could lock up
first under hard braking . Rear wheel lock-up can cause loss of
vehicle control and an accident. Have your vehicle repaired imme
diately by your authorized Audi dealer or a qualified workshop .
Drive slowly and avoid sudden , hard brake applications.
• If the brake warning/indicator light does not go out after a few
seconds and the parking brake released, or lights up while you are
driving, the fluid level in the brake fluid reservoir is too low. If you
believe that it is safe to do so , proceed immediately at low speed
to the nearest authorized Audi dealer or qualified repair facility and have the brake system inspected .
• Always keep in mind that after several brake applications , you
will need greater pressure on the brake pedal to stop your vehicle .
Do not rely on strained brakes to respond with maximum stopping
power in critical situations . You must allow for increased braking
distances . The extra distance u sed up by fading brakes could lead
to an accident . •
Page 30 of 368

Driver inf orma tion di spl ay
Electronic speed limiter
Your vehicle may be factory equipped with tires that are rated for a
maximum speed of 130 mph (210 km/h}. This is less than the
maximum speed of your vehicle. To reduce the risk of sudden tire
failure and loss of control if the vehicle is operated at excessive speeds, your vehicle also has an electronic speed limiter . The elec
tronic speed limiter prevents your vehic le from going faster than the
tire speed rating. For more
information~ page 305, "New tires and
r eplacing tires and wheels" .
If the vehicle approaches the tire speed rating, the engine control
unit wi ll turn off the fuel injectors. You will notice an immediate loss
of engine power and a drop in road speed.
If the engine control unit receives faulty vehicle road speed signals,
t he Malfunc tion Indicator Light (MIU will illuminate. If this occurs,
contact the nearest authorized Audi dea ler for ass istance.
&_ WARNING
Al wa ys o bserve th e pos te d speed l imit s and adjust your sp eed t o
s uit preva ilin g road, traffic and weath er cond ition s. Ne ver drive
yo ur vehicle f aster than the ma xim um spe ed rating of the ti re s
install ed .•
Auto-Check Control
Introduction
Fi g. 16 Au to-Check
C o nt rol: a ll syste ms
c h eck ed OK
Whenever the ignition is turned on, Auto -Check Control checks the
proper functioning of important vehicle components and systems.
Auto -Check Contro l keeps up its continuous monitoring of vehic le
systems even as you are driving.
If Auto Check senses an irregular condition or a malfunction
requiring urgent repair, it generates a specific symbol or short
message in the instrument cluster center display . You will also hear
an audible warning tone . The disp lays a re color coded in either red
or yellow depending on their level of priority.
A red symbol means
D anger , a yellow symbol indicates Warning .
Along with some particular red symbols, a message will appear in
the display to alert the driver to certain conditions. •
Page 33 of 368

BRAKE
(Ci))
BRAKE
_j_
COOLANT
~
OIL
PRESSURE USA
models:
Malfunction in the brake system
Canada models:
Malfunction in the brake system
Engine coolant level too low/
engine coolant temperature too
high
-
Engine oil pressure
too low =>
page 31
=> page 31
=> page 31
=> page 32
Red symbols indicate a priority 1 malfunction -Danger!
When a red symbol appears , a warning tone will sound consecu
tively three times. The symbol continues to flash until the malfunc
tion has been repaired. If there are more than one priority 1 malfunc
tions, the symbols appear one after the other for about two
seconds .a
Brake system malfunction BRAKE (USA models)/
(CD) (Canada models)
A malfunction in the brake system must be repaired as soon as possible.
When BRAKE/ (CD) (Canada models) appears in the display
and flashes, this means there is a malfunction in the brake
system. In addition to the symbol, one of the following two
messages also appears in the display:
Stop vehicle, check brake fluid and hydraulic fluid levels
Warning! Fault in ABS brake system. Contact workshop!
- Pull of the road and stop the vehicle.
- Check the brake fluid
level :::;, page 284.
Controls and equip
ment
Driver information display
USA models : if there is a malfunction in the ABS system, the ABS
warning/indicator light illuminates along with the BRAKE system
malfunction warning/indicator
light=> ,&..
Canada models: if there is a malfunction in the ABS system, the 0
warning/indicator light illuminates together with the ((l)) brake
system malfunction warning/indicator
light =>,&. .
& WARNING
• Always observe the warnings in => page 265, "Engine compart
ment", before opening the engine hood and checking the brake
fluid.
• Driving with low brake fluid is a safety hazard! Stop the car and
get professional assistance.
• If the brake system warning/indicator light illuminates
together with the ABS warning/indicator light, then the ABS
system is malfunctioning. The rear wheels could quickly lock up
when you apply the brakes. This could lead to loss of control and
your vehicle could slide! Drive carefully to the nearest authorized
Audi dealer and have the malfunction corrected. •
Engine cooling system malfunction -L
A malfunction in the engine cooling system must be
repaired as soon as possible.
When the - L symbol in the display flashes, then either the
engine coolant
temperature is too high, or the coolant level
is too low. In addition to the symbol, the following message
also appears in the display:
Switch off engine, check coolant level
- Pull off the road and stop the vehicle.
- Turn off the engine.
Page 48 of 368

Driver inf ormation di spl ay
tire pressure, even if under-inflation has not reached the level to
t rigger il lum ination of the TPMS low tire pressure te llta le .
• Each tire should be checked month ly when cold and inflated to
the infla tion pressure recommended by the vehic le manufacturer
on the vehicle placard , tire inflation pressure label, or in chapter
=> page 297 . (If your ve hicle has tires o f a different size than t he size
indicated on the vehicle placard or tire inf lation pressure label, you
should de termine the proper tire inflation pressure for those
tires.) •
Applies to vehi cles : with tire p ress ure mo nit o ring system
TPMS malfunction indicator
Your vehic le has also been equipped with a TPMS ma lfunction indi
cator to indicate when the system is not operating properly. The
TPMS ma lfunct ion indicator is combined with the low tire pressure
telltale . When the system detects a ma lfunction, t he tellta le wi ll
f lash for approximately one minute and then remain continuous ly
il lum inated. T his sequence wil l continue upo n subsequent veh icle
star ts up as long as the malfunction exists.
When the ma lfunc tion ind icator is ill uminated, the system may not
be able to detect or signal low tire pressure as intended .
TPMS malfunctions may occur for a variety of reasons, including the
installation o f rep lacement or a lternate tires or wheels on the
vehic le that prevent the TPMS from functioning properly . A lways
check t he TPMS malfunction tellta le after replac ing one or more
tires or whee ls on your v ehicle to ensur e that the replacement or
a lternate t ires and wheels al low the TP MS to continue to function
proper ly. •
Ap plies to ve hicles : w it h tir e pressu re m oni to ring sy ste m
Introduction
T he tire pressure monitoring system monitors air pressure
in all four road wheels while the vehicle is moving.
As soon as the tire pressure monito ring system se nses a significant
loss of air pressure in one or several tires, text messages and yel low
symbo ls appear in the instrument clus ter disp lay to a lert the driver.
The
(l) warning light in the instrument cluster comes on when the
t ire is significa ntly under inflated.
The warning light
(l) also lights up during a system failure .
When the whee l is turning, the system receives radio signals from
sensors located inside each tire.
A factory spare wheel is delivered with sensor . However, the spare
whee l is not checked by the ti re pressure monitoring sys tem. Such
monitoring can on ly occur after the spare wheel has been insta lled
and
initia lized => page 50.
Be aware that t ire pressure is a lso dependent o n the temperature of
the tire . For every 18 °F (1
O °C) increase in tire temperature, tire pres
su re increases by about 1.5 psi (0 .1 barl. The tire warms up wh ile the
vehic le is moving and t ire pressure rises. So you should adjust tire
pressure only when they are
cold, when tire temperature is roughly
the same as ambient air temperature .
I n order to keep the tire pressure moni toring system prope rly ca li
brated, tire pressure on all four tires shou ld be checked at regular
intervals, adjusted if necessary and saved in the proper sett ing
(reco mmended
pressure) => page 48.
The tire pressure is shown on the tire pressure label. On USA vehi
cles, the tire pressure label is located on the dr iver's side B -pillar. On
Canada vehicles, the tire pressure labe l is located either on the
driver's side B -p illar o r inside the fue l fi ller flap. The tire pressure
label l ists the recommended cold tire inflation pressures for the
vehic le at its maximum capacity weight and the tires that were on
your vehicle at the t ime it was manu factured . For recommended tire
~
Page 49 of 368

pressures for normal load conditions, p lease see chapter
~ p ag e 297 .
& WARNING
• When the tire pre ssure monitoring sy stem warning light i s lit ,
one or more of your tires is sign ifi cantly under-inflated . You should
s top and check your tire s as soon as possible , and inflate them to
the p rope r pres sure a s indicated on the vehicle's tire pre ssure
label
~ page 297 . Driving on a significantly under -inflated tire
c ause s the t ire to overheat and can lead to tire failure . Under -infla
tion also is likely to impair the vehicle's handling and stopping
ability .
• Do not adjust tire pre ssure when tire temperature is excessive.
Thi s could lead to serious tire damage and even cause the tire to
burst , with the additional danger of an ac cident .
<£' For the sake of the environment
Driving wi th under -inflated tires reduces fuel efficiency and tire
tread life.
[ i ] Tips
• Each tire should be checked mon th ly when cold and set to the
recommended inf lat ion pressure as specified on the tire pressure
table~ page 297 .
• The tire pre ssur e monito ring system he lp s the drive r to kee p
t rack of the tire pressures. But the d river s til l has the responsibi lity
for maintaining the correct tire p ressure .
• Tire pressure must only be adjusted when th e temperature of the
t ires is about the same as am bien t air temperatu re .
• When tires are replaced , the sensors and va lves must not be
detached or exchanged. Only the valve co re needs t o be rep laced
and, if necessary, the valve and the wheel e lectronics replaced.
Controls and equip
ment
Driver information display
• If you should put different whee ls and tires on your vehic le (e .g.
win ter wheels a nd ti res), you must be certa in that the wheels a nd
tires are compatible with the t ire pressure monitoring system .
O therwise the system will register a ma lfunction and a fau lt
message will be displayed. For more information, contact your Audi
dea ler .•
Ap plie s to veh ic les: with tir e pr ess ure mon ito ring syste m
Significant loss of air pressure 1
The yello w symbo l app ear s in the e ve n t of a s ignific a n t
Jo ss of air pre ss ure.
Fig . 36 Hi -lin e di splay:
y ellow s ymbol w ith
message ....
irechnical data
Page 50 of 368

Driver inf orma tion di spl ay
Fig. 3 7 H i-lin e dis play:
ye llow sy mbo l w ith out
m essa ge
If the ~ warning light in the instrument cluster comes on
and then the
( symbol appears in the display=> page 47,
fig. 36 or => fig. 37, pressure in at least one tire is too low.
- Stop driving as soon as possible, without endangering yourself and other motorists.
Inspect the t ire or tires .
Change the t ire if necessary=>
page 318.
The ...., warning light in the ins trument cluster comes on when the
tire is significantly underinflated.
In addition, the tire symbol appears in the display together with
the message
Ple ase c hec k tire p re ss ure ~ page 47, fig. 36 .
After a few seconds , the message disappears again. If you would
like to show the message again, press the
I CH ECK I button.
[ i ] Tips
• In the case of an intentional loss of air pressure, for examp le,
when re -adjusting tire pressure, this has to be stored again after
wards~ page 48.
• Tire pressure must only be adjusted when the temperature of the
t ires is about the same as ambient air temperature.
• The yellow symbol disappears, when the tire pressure is
corrected and the new pressure is s tored in the system
~ page 48 .
• After changing a wheel you have to adjust the tire pressures on
all wheels. In addition, you must then initia lize the new tire pres
sures in the tire pressure monitoring
system ~ page 50. •
Ap plies to vehic les : w it h tir e pressu re m onit oring syste m
Adjusting and storing the tire pressure
(step 1)
Only when the specified pressure is properly entered into
the system, is the tire pressure monitoring system prop
erly calibrated for accurate indications.
Fi g. 38 Wiper ar m:
co ntr ols fo r the t ire
press ure