brakes BMW 323i 1993 E36 Owner's Manual
[x] Cancel search | Manufacturer: BMW, Model Year: 1993, Model line: 323i, Model: BMW 323i 1993 E36Pages: 759
Page 264 of 759
310-
8
FRONT
SUSPENSION
FRONT
WHEEL
BEARINGS
The
front
wheel
bearings
are
permanently
sealed
and
re-
quire
no
maintenance
.
The
bearing
is
integral
with
the
wheel
hub
and
pressed
onto
the
steering
arm
stub
axle
.
Special
press
tools
are
requiredto
replace
the
front
wheel
bearings
.
Read
the
procedure
through
before
beginning
the
job
.
Front
wheel
bearing,
replacing
1
.
Raise
car
and
remove
wheel
.
WARNING-
Make
sure
that
the
car
is
firmly
supportedon
jack
stands
designed
for
the
purpose
.
Place
the
jack
stands
beneatha
structural
chassis
point
.
Do
not
place
jack
stands
under
suspension
parts
.
2
.
Pry
off
dust
cap
from
centerof
wheel
hub
.
Bend
back
staked
part
of
wheel
hub
(axle)
collar
nut
.
See
Fig
.
13
.
Fig
.
13
.
Staked
part
of
wheel
hub
collar
nut
to
be
bent
back
(arrow)
.
3
.
Remount
wheel
and
lug
bolts
.
4
.
Lower
canto
ground
.
With
an
assistant
applying
brakes,
loosen
collar
nut
.
Do
not
remove
completely
.
NOTE-
The
wheel
hub
collar
nut
is
tightened
to
a
torque
of
290
Nm
(214
ft-Ib)
.
Make
sure
the
car
is
firmly
on
the
ground
.
FRONT
WHEEL
BEARINGS
6
.
Remove
ABS
wheel
speed
sensor
.
Refer
to
Fig
.
3
.
7
.
Remove
brake
caliper
assembly
and
brake
rotor
as
de-
scribed
in
340
Brakes
.
Leave
brakehose
connected
to
caliper
.
Suspend
caliper
assembly
from
chassis
using
stiff
wire
.
8
.
Remove
wheel
hub
collar
nut
.
9
.
Remove
wheel
hub
with
integral
wheel
bearing
from
steering
arm
using
a
puller
.
See
Fig
.
14
.
0011200
Fig
.
14
.
Wheel
hub
with
integral
wheel
bearing
being
removed
using
a
puller
.
NOTE-
If
bearing
inner
race
stays
on
steering
arm,
remove
splash
guard
and
usetwo
jaw
puller
to
remove
race
.
10
.
Insta¡¡
splash
guard
and
new
dust
shield
behind
bear-
ing
.
Press
new
wheel
hub/bearing
assembly
on
using
appropriate
press
tools
.
NOTE-
When
pressing
the
wheel
hublbearing
on,
apply
force
only
to
the
bearing
inner
race
.
11
.
Install
new
collar
nut
.
Do
not
tighten
nut
to
its
final
torque
atthis
time
.
"
Install
brake
rotor
and
brake
caliper
.
See
340
Brakes
.
"
Mount
wheel
and
lug
boits
.
Lower
canto
ground
to
gain
leverage
.
12
.
With
an
assistant
applying
brakes,
tighten
collar
nut
and
then
stake
nut
toaxle
.
5
.
Raise
car
and
remove
wheel
.
13
.
Raisecar
and
remove
wheel
.
Page 273 of 759
GENERAL
.......
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.......
.
...
.330-1
CV
boot,
replacing
........
.
.
.
.........
.
.330-8
RIDE
HEIGHT
....
.
.
.
.
.
...
.
...
.
.
.
.
.
...
.
330-1
REAR
SUSPENSION
ARMS
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
..
.
330-9
Trailing
arm,
removing
and
installing
.
.
.
....
330-10
SHOCK
ABSORBERS
AND
SPRINGS
.
.
.
330-2
Trailing
arm
bushing,
replacing
.
...
.
.
.
.
.
..
330-11
Rear
shock
absorber,
removing
and
installing
330-3
Upper
control
arm,
removing
and
installing
.
.330-12
Coil
spring,
removing
and
installing
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
330-4
Lower
control
arm,
removing
and
installing
.
.330-12
REAR
WHEEL
BEARINGS
....
.
...
.
.
.
..
330-4
Rear
wheel
bearing,
replacing
.......
.
....
330-5
Final
drive
carrier,
removing
and
installing
.
.330-12
DRIVE
AXLES
..
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.............
330-6
TABLE
a
.
Rear
Ride
Height
Specifications
..
.
............
330-1
Drive
axle,
removing
and
installing
.........
330-6
GENERAL
Special
service
tools
are
required
for
some
of
the
work
de-
scribed
in
this
repair
group
.
Read
the
procedures
through
be-
fore
beginning
any
job
.
NOTE
-
A
general
description
of
the
rear
suspension
and
a
troubleshooting
guide
can
be
found
in
300
Suspen-
sion,
Steering
and
Brakes-General
.
RIDE
HEIGHT
Rear
suspension
ride
height
is
controlled
by
the
rear
springs
.
If
the
rear
ride
height
is
not
within
the
specifications
listed,
the
rear
springs
should
be
replaced
.
Ride
height
is
measured
from
the
lower
edge
of
the
wheel
arch
to
the
bottom
edge
of
the
wheel
rim
.
See
Fig
.
1
.
Table
a
lists
rear
suspension
ride
height
specifications
.
ooy
98
These
specifications
apply
to
a
car
in
a
normally
loaded
posi-
tion
.
When
checking
ride
heightor
installing
suspension
com-
Fig
.
1
.
Ride
height
measurement
(A)
is
taken
from
center
of
wheel
ponents,
load
the
caras
follows
:
archto
bottom
of
wheel
rim
.
Normal
loaded
position
"
Each
front
seat
..
...
.
.
.............
68kg
(150
lb)
"
Rear
seat
(center)
..
.
.
.............
68
kg
(150
lb)
"
Trunk
.........
.
.
.
.
.
..............
21kg
(46
lb)
"
Fue¡
tank
.....
.
..
.
.
.
................
.
..
..
.
full
NOTE-
M3
ride
height
is
measured
with
the
car
unladen
.
330
Rear
Suspension
REAR
SUSPENSION
330-1
FINAL
DRIVE
CARRIER
.
.......
.
.
.
.
.
..
330-12
Table
a
.
Rear
RideHeight
Specifications
Wheel
size
318,323,325,
M3
modeis
328
modeis
15
inch
std
.
suspension
518
mm
(20
.39
in)
sport
suspension
~
507
mm
(19
.96
in)
16
inch
std
.
suspension
531
mm
(20
.91
in)
sport
suspension
~
520
mm
(20
.47
in)
Continued
RIDE
HEIGHT
Page 277 of 759
Wheel
bearing
Fig
.
7
.
Rear
wheel
bearing
assembly
.
Circlip
Drive
flange
Collar
nut
0012152
Rear
wheel
bearing,
replacing
1
.
Raise
car
and
support
safely
.
Remove
rear
wheel
.
2
.
Remove
drive
axle
as
described
later
.
6
.
Remove
bearíng
retainer
circlip
from
trailing
arm
.
3
.
Remove
brake
caliper
assembly
and
rotor
as
described
7
.
Using
appropriate
press
tools,
pull
bearing
assembly
in
340
Brakes
.
Leave
brake
hose
connected
to
caliper
.
out
of
trailing
arm
bearing
housing
.
Suspend
caliper
assembly
from
chassís
using
stiff
wire
.
8
.
Inspect
bearing
housing
for
any
damage
or
contamina
4
.
Remove
ABS
pulse
sensor
.
See
Fig
.
8
.
tion
.
Clean
housing
bore
thoroughly
before
installing
new
bearing
.
Make
sure
al¡
thread
bores,
bolts,
nuts
and
mating
surfaces
are
clean
Fig
.
8
.
ABS
pulse
sensor
being
removed
.
5
.
Remove
drive
flange
from
bearing
assembly
.
See
Fig
.
9
.
NOTE-
If
the
inner
bearing
race
remains
attached
to
the
drive
flange,
use
BMW
special
tool
nos
.
007
500
and
33
1
312
or
equivalents
to
separate
inner
race
from
flange
.
REAR
SUSPENSION
330-
5
0013125
Fig
.
9
.
Drive
flange
being
removed
from
bearing
assembly
using
im-
pact
style
puller
.
9
.
Install
new
bearing
assembly
using
press
tools
.
Apply
force
only
to
outer
race
when
installing
bearing
.
WARNING
-
M3
installation
:
redsealing
ríng
on
rear
wheel
bear-
ing
must
face
outward
.
Otherwíse
ABS
will
not
func-
tion
.
10
.
Insta¡¡
new
circlip
.
The
old
circlip
should
never
be
re-
used
.
CAUTION-
Make
sure
that
the
bearing
is
pressed
in
far
enough
to
contact
the
shoulder
at
the
back
sideof
the
housing
and
that
the
circlip
is
fully
seated
in
its
groove
.
11
.
Draw
drive
flange
into
bearing
using
appropriate
press
tools
.
Support
bearing
inner
race
when
pressing
in
0013223
drive
flange
.
NOTE-
BMW
specifies
special
tools
to
pull
the
drive
fiange
through
the
wheel
bearing
into
position
.
If
using
alter-
native
tools,
be
sure
to
support
the
bearing
inner
race
when
pressing
orpulling
the
drive
flange
finto
place
.
REARWHEEL
BEARINGS
Page 278 of 759
330-
6
REAR
SUSPENSION
12
.
Install
brake
caliper
assembly
and
rotor
as
described
in
340Brakes
.
13
.
Install
drive
axie
as
described
below
.
Tightening
Torques
"
Brake
rotor
to
drive
flange
.........
16
Nm
(12
ft-ib)
"
Brake
caliper
to
trailing
arm
........
67
Nm
(50
ft-Ib)
"
Drive
axie
collar
nut
to
drive
flange
..
.
..
..............
250
Nm
(184
ft-Ib)
M3
.....
...
..
.
.............
.
300
Nm
(221
ft-Ib)
"
Road
wheel
to
hub
.........
100±10
Nm
(74±7
ft-Ib)
DRIVE
AXLES
The
drive
axles
use
constant-velocity
(CV)
joints
on
both
ends
.
To
replace
a
CV
joint
or
dust
boot,
the
drive
axie
must
be
removed
fromthe
car
.
The
components
of
the
drive
axie
are
illustrated
in
Fig
.
10
.
Drive
axie,
removing
and
installing
1
.
Raise
rear
of
car
.
Remove
rear
wheel
.
Dust
cover
Fig
.
10
.
Driveaxie
assembly
.
DRIVE
AXLES
Inner
CV
boot
kit
-Reinforcement
WARNING
-
Make
sure
that
the
car
is
firmly
supportedon
jack
stands
designed
for
the
purpose
.
Place
the
jack
stands
beneatha
structural
chassis
point
.
Do
not
place
jack
stands
undersuspension
parts
.
2
.
Pry
off
dust
cap
from
center
of
wheel
hub
.
3
.
Remount
wheel
and
lug
boits
.
4
.
Lower
car
to
ground
.
With
an
assistant
applying
brakes,
loosen
collar
nut
.
Do
not
remove
completely
.
See
Fig
.
11
.
The
drive
flange
collar
nut
is
tightened
to
a
torque
of
250
Nm
(184
ft-Ib)
.
Make
sure
the
car
is
firmly
on
the
ground
.
5
.
Raisecar
andremove
wheel
.
6
.
Remove
brake
caliper
assembly
and
rotor
as
described
in
340
Brakes
.
Leave
brake
hose
connected
to
caliper
.
Suspend
caliper
assembly
from
chassis
using
stiff
wire
.
7
.
Remove
drive
axie
from
drive
flange
.
See
Fig
.
12
.
Sus-
pend
drive
axie
from
chassis
using
stiff
wire
.
Outer
CV
boot
kit
Drive
axle
Outer
CV
joint
Page 279 of 759
Fig
.
11
.
Drive
flange
collar
nut
(arrow)
.
0012111
8
.
Support
trailing
arm
from
below,
using
a
transmission
jackorequivalent
.
Remove
shock
absorber
to
trailing
arm
bolt
.
WARNING
-
It
is
recommended
that
a
restraining
chain
be
in-
stalled
between
the
bottom
coil
of
the
coil
spring
and
the
upper
control
arm
to
retain
thespring
in
case
of
accidental
release
.
Personal
injury
can
re-
sult
if
the
compressed
coil
spring
is
not
released
slowly
and
carefully
.
REAR
SUSPENSION
330-
7
9
.
Lower
trailing
arm
sufficiently
to
gain
clearance
for
re-
moving
drive
axle
.
If
necessary
use
an
appropriate
puller
to
Rmove
drive
axle
from
wheel
bearing
housing
.
See
Fig
.
13
.
10
.
Installation
is
reverse
of
removal
.
Fig
.
13
.
Press
drive
axle
from
wheel
bearing
housing
using
puller
.
"
Apply
a
light
coating
of
oil
to
contact
face
of
collar
nut,
and
install
it
loosely
.
"
Install
road
wheel
and
lower
car
to
ground
.
"
With
an
assistant
applying
brakes,
tighten
drive
axle
collar
nut
to
its
final
torque
.
"
Install
a
new
collar
nut
retaining
plate
.
Tightening
Torques
"
Brake
caliper
to
trailing
arm
........
67
Nm
(50
ft-Ib)
"
Brake
rotor
to
drive
flange
.........
16
Nm
(12
ft-Ib)
"
Drive
axle
collar
nut
to
drive
flange
.
.
....
..
.
..........
250
Nm
(184
ft-Ib)
M3
......
.
.
.....
.
.
..........
300
Nm
(221
ft-Ib)
"
Drive
axie
to
final
drive
unit
mounting
flange
.
.
.
.....
M8
Torx
bolt
.
...
...
.
............
64
Nm
(47
ft-Ib)
M10
Torx
bolt
...
...............
100
Nm
(74
ft-Ib)
Road
wheel
to
hub100±10
Nm
(74t7
ft-Ib)
0012103
"
Shock
absorber
to
Fig
.
12
.
Drive
axle
to
final
drive
mounting
bolts
(arrows)
.
trailing
arm
.
.
...
...
.
............
77
Nm
(57
ft-Ib)
DRIVE
AXLES
Page 282 of 759
330-
1
0
REAR
SUSPENSION
Trailing
arm,
removing
and
installing
1
.
Raise
rear
end
of
car
and
remove
wheel
.
WARNING
-
Make
sure
that
the
car
is
firmly
supported
on
jack
standsdesigned
for
the
purpose
.
Place
the
jack
standsbeneatha
structural
chassis
point
.
Do
not
place
jack
stands
under
suspension
parts
.
2
.
Remove
drive
axle
as
described
earlier
.
3
.
Remove
brake
rotor
and
caliper
as
described
in
340
Brakes
.
Do
not
remove
brake
line
from
caliper
.
Hang
caliper
from
body
with
wire
.
4
.
Remove
parking
brakecable
frombrake
shoe
expand-
er
.
See
340
Brakes
.
5
.
Remove
rear
brake
line
bracket
from
trailing
arm
.
See
Fig
.
17
.
Fig
.
17
.
Brake
line
bracket
bolts
on
trailing
arm
(arrow)
.
WARNING
-
It
is
recommended
that
a
restraining
chain
be
in-
stalled
between
the
bottom
coil
of
the
coil
spring
and
the
upper
control
arm
to
retainthe
spring
in
case
of
accidentalrelease
.
Personal
injury
can
re-sult
if
the
compressed
coil
spring
is
not
released
slow1y
and
carefully
.
REAR
SUSPENSION
ARMS
6
.
Support
trailing
arm
from
below
with
a
transmission
jackorequivalent
.
7
.
Remove
shock
absorber
to
trailing
arm
bolt
.
See
Fig
.
18
.
Slowly
lower
suspension
until
coil
spring
can
be
safely
removed
.
0013220
Fig
.
18
.
Support
trailing
arm
before
removing
lower
shock
bolt
(ar-
row)
.
8
.
Unbolt
upper
and
lower
control
arms
from
trailing
arm,
as
described
later
.
9
.
Remove
ABS
wheel
speed
sensor
from
rear
wheel
bearing
housing
.
Unclip
sensor
wiríng
from
trailing
arm
.
If
removing
right
trailing
arm,
separate
brake
pad
wear
sensor
connector
.
See
Fig
.
19
.
0012104
Fig
.
19
.
Brake
pad
wear
sensor
and
ABS
wheel
speed
sensor
con-
nectors
(arrow)
.
10
.
Remove
three
bolts
holding
trailing
arm
front
bracket
to
body
.
See
Fig
.
20
.
Remove
trailing
arm
.
Page 283 of 759
Fig
.
20
.
Trailing
arm
front
bracket
bolts
(arrows)
.
NOTE-
BMW-supplied
replacement
trailing
arms
come
with
the
bushings
installed
.
Anew
wheel
bearing
will
have
to
be
installed
.
0013222
11
.
If
trailing
arm
is
being
replaced,
transfer
trailing
arm
front
bracket
.
Transfer
attached
brake
system
compo-
nents
to
newarm
as
described
in
340Brakes
.
Insta¡¡
a
new
wheel
bearing
as
described
earlier
under
Rear
Wheel
Bearings
.
12
.
Installation
is
reverse
of
removal
.
"
Alwaysuse
new
self-locking
nuts
.
"
Have
car
professionally
aligned
when
job
is
complete
.
Tightening
Torques
"
Drive
axle
#o
final
drive
unit
mounting
flange
M8
Torx
bolt
......
.
...
.....
.
..
..
64
Nm
(47
ft-Ib)
M10
Torx
bolt
.....
...
.
....
.....
100
Nm
(74
ft-Ib)
"
Road
wheel
to
wheel
hub
.
...
100±10
Nm
(74t7
ft-Ib)
"
Shock
absorber
to
trailing
arm
......
77
Nm
(57
ft-Ib)
"
Trailing
arm
tofront
bracket
.......
110
Nm
(81
ft-Ib)
"
Trailing
arm
bracket
to
body
........
77
Nm
(57
ft-Ib)
"Trailing
arm
to
upper
or
lower
control
arm
(M12
bolt)
....
110
Nm
(81
ft-Ib)
REAR
SUSPENSION
330-
1
1
Trailing
arm
bushing,
replacing
NOTE-
When
replacing
any
bushing
in
the
rear
trailing
arm,
measure
and
recordthe
orientation
and
protrusion
of
the
bushing
from
its
boss
.
Press
in
new
bushing
to
match
the
positionof
theold
one
.
1
.
Remove
trailing
arm
as
described
above
.
2
.
Pressbushing
out
of
trailing
arm
using
appropriate
press
tools
.
3
.
Coat
new
bushing
with
Circolight
9
lubricant
or
equiva-
lent
.
4
.
Using
appropriate
press
tools,
draw
new
bushing
into
trailing
arm
until
previously
measured
protrusion
is
achieved
.
5
.
If
front
bracket
bushing
was
replaced,
alignfront
brack-
et
before
tightening
bolt
.
See
Fig
.
21
.
A
B=8mm
measured
upfrom
cast-
ing
mark
on
trailing
arm
.
0013237
Fig
.
21
.
When
installing
trailing
arm
front
bracketuising
8mm
bar
stock
.
6
.
Installation
is
reverse
of
removal
.
"
Have
car
professionally
aligned
when
job
is
complete
.
Tightening
Torques
"
Trailing
arm
tofront
bracket
.......
110
Nm
(81
ft-Ib)
"Trailing
arm
bracket
to
body
......
.
.
77
Nm
(57
ft-Ib)
REAR
SUSPENSION
ARMS
Page 285 of 759
Fig
.
22
.
Final
drive
carrier
mounts
(arrows)
.
11
.
Installation
is
reverse
of
removal
.
uu1J221
"
Check
and
adjust
parking
brake
as
described
in
340
Brakes
.
"
Alwaysuse
new
self-locking
fasteners
.
"
Have
car
professionally
aligned
when
job
is
complete
.
Tightening
Torques
"
Drive
axle
to
final
drive
flange
M8
Torx
bolt
................
...
64
Nm
(47
ft-Ib)
M10
Torx
bolt
..........
..
...
.
.
100
Nm
(74
ft-Ib)
"
Driveshaft
to
final
drive
flange
...
See
260
Driveshaft
"
Final
drive
carrier
to
body
......
...
77
Nm
(57
ft-Ib)
"
Final
drive
to
final
drive
carrier
(M12
bolts)
Front
mount
.................
...
95
Nm
(70
ft-lb)
Rear
mounts
................
...
77
Nm
(57
ft-Ib)
"
Road
wheel
to
wheel
hub
....
100±10
Nm
(74t7
ft-Ib)
"
Upper
or
lower
control
arm
to
final
drive
carrier
(M12
bolts)
....
.
77
Nm
(57
ft-Ib)
Page 290 of 759
331-
4
FINAL
DRIVE
FINAL
DRIVE
SERVICE
0013242
0013243
Fig
.
5
.
Final
drive
to
final
drive
carrier
rear
(A)
and
front
mounting
bolts
(B)
.
8
.
Installation
is
reverse
of
removal
.
"
Check
and
adjust
parking
brake
as
described
in
340
Brakes
.
"
Always
use
new
self-locking
fasteners
.
"
Have
car
professionally
aligned
when
job
is
complete
.
Tightening
Torques
"
Drive
axle
to
final
drive
flange
M8
Torx
bolt
..
.
...
...
..
.........
64
Nm
(47
ft-Ib)
M10
Torx
bolt
.
.
...
...
..
........
100
Nm
(74
ft-Ib)
"
Driveshaft
to
final
drive
flange
...
See
260
Driveshaft
"
Final
drive
carrier
to
body
..
........
77
Nm
(57
ft-Ib)
"
Final
drive
to
final
drive
carrier
(M12
bolts)
Front
mount
.....
...
.
...
........
95
Nm
(70
ft-Ib)
Rear
mounts
.....
.......
.
.
.
..
...
77
Nm
(57
ft-Ib)
"
Road
wheel
to
wheel
hub
....
100±10
Nm
(74±7
ft-Ib)
"
Upper
or
lower
control
arm
to
final
drive
carrier
(M12
bolts)
...
..
77
Nm
(57
ft-Ib))
Page 291 of 759
Brake
rotor,
removing
and
installing
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
340-7
MASTER
CYLINDER
............
.
.
.
.
.
.
.340-7
Master
cylinder,
removing
and
installing
.
...
.
340-7
GENERAL
TROUBLESHOOTING
WARNING
-
"
Although
semi-metallic
and
metallic
Brake
friction
materials
in
Brake
pads
or
shoes
no
longer
con-
tain
asbestos,
they
produce
dangerous
dust
.
"
Brake
fluid
is
poisonous,
highly
corrosive
and
dangerous
to
the
environment
Wear
safety
glasses
and
rubber
gloves
when
working
with
Brake
fluid
.
Do
not
siphonBrake
fluid
with
your
mouth
.
Immediately
clean
away
any
fluid
spilled
on
painted
surfaces
and
wash
with
water,
asBrake
fluid
will
remove
paint
.
"
Always
use
new
Brake
fluid
froma
fresh,
un-
opened
container
.
Brake
fluid
will
absorb
mois-
ture
from
the
air
.
This
canlead
to
corrosion
problems
in
the
brakingsystem,
and
will
also
low-
er
the
Brake
fluid's
boiling
point
.
Dispose
of
Brake
fluid
properly
.
"
Do
notreuse
self-locking
nuts,bolts
or
fasteners
.
They
are
designed
to
be
used
only
once
and
may
failif
reused
.
Always
replace
them
with
new
self-
locking
fasteners
.
BMW
E36
models
areequipped
with
vacuum
power-assist-
ed
four-wheel
disc
brakes
with
an
integral
Antilock
Brake
Sys-
tem
(ABS)
.
Single-pistoncalipers
act
on
solid
or
vented
front
rotors
and
solid
rear
rotors
.
A
brake
pad
wear
sensor
for
each
axle
indicates
when
brake
padsneed
replacement
.
The
dual
drum-type
parking
brakesystem
is
integrated
with
the
rear
brake
rotors
.
NOTE-
M3
models
havevented
directional
Brake
rotors
on
the
rearaxle
as
well
ason
the
front
.
340
Brakes
BRAKES
340-1
GENERAL
.
.
.
.
.
.
.........
.
.
.
..........
340-1
BRAKE
BOOSTER
.........
.
.
.
.
.
...
.
.
.
.
340-8
TROUBLESHOOTING
.......
.
......
.
...
340-1
Brake
booster,
removing
and
installing
....
.
.
340-8
PARKING
BRAKE
.
.....
.
...
.
.
.
.....
.
.
.
340-10
BLEEDING
BRAKES
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
..........
340-3
Parking
brake,adjusting
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.....
.
340-10
Pressure
bleeding
brakes
Parking
brake
shoes,
removing
and
installing
.
340-11(except
cars
with
AST)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
.
.
.
.
.340-3
Parking
Brake
cable,
replacing
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
340-11
BRAKE
PADS,
CALIPERS,
ANTILOCK
BRAKE
SYSTEM
(ABS)
.
.
.
.340-11
AND
ROTORS
..........
.
.......
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
340-3
ABS
System
Inspection
.
...
.
.......
.
.
.
..
340-12
Brake
pads,
replacing
............
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
340-4
ABS
wheel
speed
sensors,
replacing
.
.
.
.
..
340-12
Brake
caliper,
removing
and
installing
.
..
..
.
340-6
TABLES
a
.
Brake
System
Troubleshooting
.....
...
.
.
.....
.340-2
b
.
Brake
Rotor
Reconditioning
Specifications
.
.....
.340-7
Brakeperformance
is
mainly
affected
by
three
things
:
the
leve¡
and
condition
of
the
brake
fluid,
the
system's
abilíty
to
create
and
maintain
hydraulic
pressure,
and
the
condition
of
the
friction
components
.
Air
in
the
Brake
fluid
will
make
the
Brake
pedal
feel
spongy
during
braking
or
will
increase
the
Brake
pedalforce
required
to
stop
.
Fluid
contaminated
by
moisture
or
dirt
can
corrode
the
system
.
Inspect
the
Brake
fluid
inside
the
reservoir
.
Ifit
is
dirty
or
murky,
or
is
over
a
year
old,
the
fluid
should
be
replaced
.
Visually
check
the
hydraulic
system
startingat
the
master
cylinder
.
To
check
the
function
of
the
master
cylinder
hold
the
brake
pedal
down
hard
with
the
engine
running
.
The
pedal
should
feelsolid
and
stay
solid
.
If
the
pedal
slowly
falls
to
the
floor,
either
the
master
cylinder
is
leaking
internally,
or
fluid
is
leaking
externally
.
If
no
leaks
canbe
found,
the
master
cylin-
der
is
faulty
and
should
be
replaced
.
Check
all
Brake
fluid
lines
and
couplings
for
leaks,
kinks,
chafing
and
corrosion
.
Check
the
Brake
booster
by
pumping
the
Brake
pedal
ap-
proximately
10
times
with
the
engine
off
.
Hold
the
pedal
down
and
start
the
engine
.
The
pedal
should
fa¡¡
slightly
.
If
not,
check
for
any
visiblefaults
before
suspecting
a
faulty
brake
booster
.
Check
for
strong
vacuum
at
the
vacuum
hose
fitting
at
the
booster,
and
check
the
non-retum
valve
for
one-way
flow
.
Worn
or
contaminated
brake
pads
will
cause
poor
braking
performance
.
Oil-contaminated
or
glazed
pads
will
cause
stopping
distances
to
increase
.
Inspect
the
rotors
for
glazing,
discoloration
and
scoring
.
Steering
wheel
vibration
while
braking
at
speed
is
often
caused
by
warped
rotors,
but
can
also
be
caused
byworn
suspension
components
.
TROUBLESHOOTING