fuel type BMW 323i 1993 E36 Workshop Manual
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Page 4 of 759
BMW
SERVICE
MANUUAS
BMW
7
Series
Service
Manual
:
1988-1994
7351,735iL,
740i,
740iL,
750iL
Robert
Bentley
ISBN
0-8376-0328-5
BMW
3
Series
Service
Manual
:
1992-1998
M3,
3181,323i,325i,
328i,
Sedan,
Coupe
and
Convertible
Robert
Bentley
ISBN
0-8376-0326-9
Glory
Days
:
When
Horsepowerand
BMW
Z3
Service
Manual
:
1996-1998
Passion
Ruled
Detroit
4-cylinder
and
6-cylinder
models
Jim
Wangers
ISBN
0-8376-0208-4
RobertBentley
ISBN
0-8376-0327-7
Alfa
Romeo
Owner's
BibleTM
BMW
3-Series
Service
Manual
:
1984-1990
Pat
Braden
with
foreword
by
Don
Black
3181,
325,325e(es),
325i(is),
and
325i
ISBN
0-8376-0707-9
Convertible
RobertBentley
ISBN
0-8376-0325-0
Ford
F-Series
Pickup
Owner's
BibleTM
Moses
Ludel
ISBN
0-8376-0152-5
BMW
5-Series
Service
Manual
:
1989-1995
5251,
530i,535i,
540i
including
Touring
Robert
Bentley
ISBN
0-8376-0319-6
BMW
5-Series
Service
Manual
:
1982-1988
528e,
5331,
535i,
535is
RobertBentley
ISBN
0-8376-0318-8
ENTHUSIAST
TITLES
Complete
Roundel
1969-1998
:30
Years
of
the
Magazine
of
the
BMW
Car
Club
of
America
(CD-ROM)
ISBN
0-8376-0322-6
A
French
Kiss
WithDeath
:
Steve
McQueen
and
the
Making
ofLe
Mans
Michael
Keyser
ISBN
0-8376-0234-3
The
Speed
Merchants
:
A
Journey
Through
The
World
of
Motor
Racing,1969-72Michael
Keyser
ISBN
0-8376-0232-7
Mustang
5
.0
Technical
Reference
&
Performance
Handbook
Al
Kirschenbaum
ISBN
0-8376-0210-6
Maximum
Boost
:
Designing,
Testing,
and
Installing
Turbocharger
Systems
Corky
Bell
ISBN
0-8376-0160-6
Volkswagen
Sport
Tuning
for
Street
and
Competition
Per
SchroederISBN
0-8376-0161-4
Sports
Carand
CompetitionDriving
Paul
Frérewithforewordby
PhilHill
ISBN
0-8376-0202-5
Automotive
Books
From
Robert
Bentley
GTI,
Golf,
and
Jetta
Service
Manual
:
1985-
The
Design
and
Tuning
of
Competition
1992
Gasoline,
Diesel,
and
Turbo
Diesel,
EnginesPhilipH
.
Smith,
6th
editionrevised
by
including
16V
Robert
Bentley
David
N
.
Wenner
ISBN
0-8376-0140-1
ISBN
0-8376-0342-0
Going
Faster
:
The
Skip
BarberRacing
Corrado
Official
Factory
Repair
Manual
:
School
Carl
Lopez
ISBN
0-8376-0227-0
1990-1994
Volkswagen
United
States
9M-f,
Ir-
Win
n
on
Alexander
with
foreword
ISBN
0-8376-0387-0
by
Mark
Martín
ISBN
0-8376-0070-7
Passat
Service
Manual
:
1990-1993,
The
Technique
of
Motor
Racing
Piero
including
Wagon
Volkswagen
United
States
Taruf
fi
with
foreword
by
Juan
Manuel
Fangio
ISBN
0-8376-0378-1
ISBN
0-8376-0228-9
Cabriolet
and
SciroccoService
Manual
:
Race
Car
Aerodynamics
1985-1993,
including
16V
Joseph
Katz
ISBN
0-8376-0142-8
RobertBentley
ISBN
0-8376-0362-5
The
Scientific
Design
of
Exhaust
and
VolkswagenFox
Service
Manual
:
1987-
Intake
Systems
Philip
H
.
Smith
and
John
C
.
1993,
including
GL,
GL
Sport
and
Wagon
Morrison
ISBN
0-8376-0309-9
RobertBentley
ISBN
0-8376-0363-3
Volkswagen
Model
Documentation
Rabbit,
Scirocco,
Jetta
Service
Manual
:
Joachim
Kuch
ISBN
0-8376-0078-2
1980-1984
Gasoline
Models,
including
Volkswagen
Beetle
:
Portrait
of
a
Legend
Pickup
Truck,
Convertible,
and
GTI
Robert
Edwin
Baaske
ISBN
0-8376-0162-2
Bentley
ISBN
0-8376-0183-5
Jeep
Owner's
BibleTM
Moses
Ludel
ISBN
0-8376-0154-1
Eurovan
Official
Factory
Repair
Manual
:
MANUUAS
Volkswagen
Inspection/Maintenance
(I/M)
Emission
Test
Handbook
:1980-1997
Volkswagen
of
America
ISBN
0-8376-0394-3
Rabbit,
Jetta
Service
Manual
:
1977-1984Diesel
Models,
including
Pickup
Truck
and
Turbo
Diesel
RobertBentley
ISBN
0-8376-0184-3
Super
Beetle,
Beetle
and
Karmann
Ghia
Official
Service
Manual
Type1
:1970-1979Volkswagen
United
States
ISBN
0-8376-0096-0
Beetle
and
Karmann
Ghia
Official
Service
Manual
Type1
:1966-1969
Volkswagen
United
States
ISBN
0-8376-0416-8
Harley-Davidson
Evolution
V
Twin
Owner's
BibleTM
Moses
Ludel
ISBN
0-8376-0146-0
Audi
100,
A6
Official
Factory
Repair
Manual
:
1992-1997,
including
S4,
S6,
quattro
and
Wagon
models
.
Toyota
Truck
&
Land
Cruiser
Owner's
Audi
of
America
.
ISBN
0-8376-0374-9
BibleTM
Moses
Ludel
ISBN
0-8376-0159-2
Audi
80,
90,
Coupe
Quattro
Official
AUDI
SERVICE
MANUUAS
The
Racing
Driver
Denis
Jenkinson
Factory
Repair
Manual
:
1988-1992
ISBN
0-8376-0201-7
including
80
Quattro,
90
Quattro
and
20-valve
models
Audi
of
America
Unbeatable
BMW
:
Eighty
Years
of
FUEL
INJECTION
ISBN
0-8376-0367-6
Engineering
and
Motorsport
Success
Ford
Fuel
Injection
and
Electronic
Engine
Audi
100,
200
Official
Factory
Repair
JeremyWalton
ISBN
0-8376-0206-8
Charles
O
Probst,
SAE
Manua1
:1988-1991
Audi
of
America
Control
:
1788-1993
.
BMW
6
Series
Enthusiast's
CompanionTM
ISBN
0-8376-0301-3
ISBN
0-8376-0372-2
Jeremy
W
.11
ISBN
0-8376-0149-5
Ford
Fuel
Injection
and
Electronic
Engine
Audi
50005
5000CS
Official
Fa
,ctory
BMW
Enthusiast's
CompanionTM
BMW
Control
:
1980-1987
Charles
O
.
Probst,
SAE
Repair
Manual
:
1984-1988
Gasoline,
Car
Club
of
America
ISBN
0-8376-0321-8
ISBN
0-8376-0302-1
Turbo,
and
Turbo
Diesel,
including
Wagon
BMW
Notecards
Series
1
Photography
by
Bosch
Fuel
In1ection
and
Engne
and
Quattro
Audi
of
America
ISBN
0-8376-
i
Klaus
Schnitzer
ISBN
0-8376-0211-4
Management
Charles
O
.
Probst,
SAE
0370-6
ISBN
0-8376-0300-5
Audi
5000,
50005
Official
Factory
Repair
Manual
:
1977-1983
Gasoline
and
Turbo
VOLKSWAGEN
OFFICIAL
SERVICE
Gasoline,
Diesel
and
Turbo
Diesel
MANUUAS
Audi
of
America
ISBN
0-8376-0352-8
New
Beetle
Service
Manual
:
1998-1999
Audi
40005,
4000CS,
and
Coupe
GT
RobertBentley
ISBN
0-8376-0385-4
Official
Factory
Repair
Manual
:
1984-1987including
Quattro
and
Quattro
Turbo
Audi
Jetta,
Golf,
GTI,
Cabrio
Service
Manual
:
of
America
ISBN
0-8376-0373-01993-early
1999,
including
VR6
and
TDI
Robert
Bentley
ISBN
0-8376-0366-8
SAAB
OFFICIALSERVICE
1992-1999
Volkswagen
of
America
Saab
90016
Valve
Official
Service
Manual
:
ISBN
0-8376-0335-8
19851993
RobertBentl
ISBN
0837603129
-ey---
Saab
900
8
Valve
Official
Service
Manual
:
1981-1988
Robert
Bentley
ISBN
0-8376-0310-2
Passat
Official
Factory
Repair
Manual
:
VOLVO
SERVICE
MANUAL
1995-1997
Volkswagen
of
America
Volve
240
Service
Manual
:
1983-1993
ISBN
0-8376-0380-3
Robert
Bentley
ISBN
0-8376-0285-8
Robert
Bentley
has
published
service
manualsand
automobile
books
since
1950
.
Please
write
Robert
Bentley,
Inc
.,
Publishers,
at
1734
Massachusetts
Avenue,Cambridge,
MA
02138,
visit
our
web
síte
athttp
://www
.rb
.com,
or
call
1-800-423-4595
for
a
free
copy
of
our
complete
catalog,
including
titles
and
service
manuals
for
Jaguar,
Triumph,
Austin-Healey,
MG,
and
other
cars
.
Page 11 of 759
WARNING
-
"
Never
work
under
a
lifted
car
unless
it
is
solidly
supported
on
jack
stands
that
are
intended
for
that
purpose
.
Do
not
support
a
car
on
cinder
blocks,
bricks,
or
other
objects
that
may
shift
orcrumble
under
continuous
load
.
Never
work
un-
dera
car
that
is
supported
only
by
the
lifting
jack
.
"
Fuel
is
highly
flammable
.
When
working
around
fuel,
do
not
smoke
or
worknear
heaters
or
other
fire
hazards
.
Keepan
approved
fire
extinguisher
handy
.
"
llluminate
the
work
area
adequately
and
safely
.
Use
a
portable
safety
light
for
working
inside
or
under
thecar
.
A
fluorescent
type
lightis
best
be-
cause
it
gives
off
less
heat
.
If
using
a
light
with
anormal
incandescent
butb,
use
rough
service
bulbs
to
avoid
breakage
.
The
hot
filamentof
an
accidentallybroken
bulb
can
ignite
spilled
fuel
or
oil
"
Keep
sparks,
lighted
matches,
and
any
open
llame
away
from
thetop
of
the
battery
.
Hydrogen
gas
emitted
by
the
battery
is
highly
flammable
.
Any
nearby
source
of
ignition
may
cause
the
battery
to
explode
.
"
Never
¡ay
tools
or
parts
in
the
engine
compart-
ment
or
on
top
of
the
battery
.
They
may
fall
into
confined
spaces
and
be
difficult
toretrieve,
be-
come
caught
in
beits
or
other
rotating
parts
when
the
engine
is
started,
or
cause
electrical
shorts
anddamage
to
the
electrical
system
.
"
The
fuel
system
is
designed
to
retain
pressure
even
when
the
ignition
is
off
.
When
working
with
the
fuel
system,
loosen
the
fuel
fines
slowly
to
al-
low
the
residual
pressure
to
dissipate
gradually
.
Take
precautions
to
avoid
spraying
fuel
.
Lifting
the
Car
FUNDAMENTALS
FOR
THE
DO-ITYOURSELF
OWNER
010-
3
For
those
repairs
that
require
raising
the
car,
theproper
jack-
ing
points
should
beused
to
raise
thecar
safely
and
avoid
dam-
age
.
There
are
four
jacking
points
from
which
thecar
can
be
safely
raised
.
The
jacksupplied
with
thecar
by
BMW
can
only
be
used
at
the
fourside
points
just
behindthe
front
wheel
or
just
in
frontof
the
rear
wheel
.
See
Fig
.
1.
WARNING
-
"
When
raising
the
car
using
a
floor
jack
ora
hy-
draulic
lift,
carefully
position
the
jack
pad
topre-
vent
damaging
the
car
body
.
A
suitable
liner
(wood,
rubber,
etc
.)
should
be
placed
between
the
jack
and
the
car
to
prevent
body
damage
.
"
Watch
the
jack
closely
.
Make
sure
ft
stays
stable
and
does
not
shift
or
tilt
.
As
the
car
is
raised,
the
car
may
rol¡
slightly
and
the
jack
may
shift
.
Fig
.
1
.
3-Seriesjacking
points
(arrows)
.
Raising
car
safely
1
.
Park
car
on
flat,
leve¡
su
rface
.
2
.
Remove
the
round
cover
from
jack
mount
using
a
screwdriver
.
See
Fig
.
2
.
0013126
Fig
.
2
.
Jack
mount
cover
being
removed
from
rocker
panel
.
3
.
Place
jack
fully
into
position
.
See
Fig
.
3
.
Make
sure
jack
is
resting
on
flat,
solid
ground
.
Use
a
board
or
other
sup-
port
to
provide
a
firm
surface
for
the
jack,
if
necessary
.
4
.
Raisecar
slowly
while
constantly
checking
position
of
jack
and
car
.
5
.
Once
car
is
raised,
block
the
wheel
that
is
opposite
and
farthest
from
jackto
prevent
car
fromunexpectedly
roll-
ing
.
GET77NG
STARTER
Page 16 of 759
010-
8
FUNDAMENTALSFORTHE
DO-ITYOURSELF
OWNER
TOOLS
Mostmaintenance
can
be
accomplished
with
a
small
selec-
tion
of
the
right
tools
.
Toolsrange
in
quality
from
inexpensive
junk,
which
may
brakk
at
first
use,
tovery
expensive
and
well-
made
tools
for
the
professional
.
The
best
tools
for
most
do-it
yourself
BMW
owners
He
somewhere
in
between
.
O
Many
reputable
tool
manufacturers
offer
good
quality,
mod-
erately
priced
tools
with
a
lifetime
guarantee
.
These
are
your
best
buy
.
They
cost
a
little
more,
but
they
are
good
quality
tools
that
will
dowhat
is
expected
of
them
.
Sears'
Craftsman®
line
is
one
such
source
of
good
quality
tools
.
Some
of
the
repairs
covered
in
this
manual
require
the
use
of
special
tools,
suchas
a
custom
puller
or
specialized
electrical
test
equipment
.
These
special
tools
are
called
out
in
the
text
andcan
be
purchased
through
an
authorized
BMW
dealer
.
As
an
alternative,
some
special
tools
mentioned
may
be
pur-
chased
from
the
following
tool
manufacturers
andlor
distribu-
tors
:
"
Assenmacher
Specialty
Tools
6440
Odell
Place,Boulder,
CO
80301
(303)
530-2424
"
Baum
Tools
Unlimited
.
Inc
.
PO
.
Box
87,
Longboat
Key,
FL
34228
(800)
848-6657
"
Schley
Products
Inc
.
5350
E
.
Hunter
Ave
.,
Anaheim
Hills,
CA
92807
(714)
693-7666
"
Zelenda
Machine
and
Tool
Corp
.
66-02
Austin
Street,
Forest
Hills,
NY
11375
(718)
896-2288
Basic
Tool
Requirements
The
basic
hand
tools
described
below
canbe
used
to
accom-
plish
most
of
thesimple
maintenance
and
repair
tasks
.
Fig
.
8
.
Types
of
wrench
heads
.
From
left,
open-end,
12-point
box-
Screwdrivers
.
The
common
fíat-blade
type
and
the
Phillips
end,6-point
box-end,
fiare
nut
.
type
will
handlealmost
all
screws
used
on
BMWs
.
Two
orthree
different
sizes
of
each
type
will
be
required,
since
a
screwdriver
The
cómbination
wrench
is
the
most
universal
.
It
hasone
of
the
wrong
size
will
damage
the
screw
head
.
See
Fig
.
7
.
open-end
andone
box-end
.
10mm
and
13mm
wrenches
arethe
most
common
sizes
needed
.
A
more
complete
set
of
A
complete
set
of
screwdrivers
should
also
include
Torx@
wrenches
would
inciude
6mm
through
19mm
sizes
.
typescrewdrivers
.
Wrenches
.
Wrenches
come
in
different
styles
for
different
uses
.
Fig
.
8
shows
several
.
The
basic
open-end
wrench
is
the
most
widely
used,
but
grips
on
only
two
sides
.
It
can
spread
apart
and
slip
off
more
easily
.
The
box-end
wrench
has
better
grip,
on
al¡
six
sides
of
a
nut
or
bolt
.
A
12-point
box-end
can
loosen
a
nut
or
bolt
where
there
is
less
room
for
movement,
while
a
6-point
box-end
provides
bet-
ter
grip
.
Forhex
fasteners
on
fluid
lines,
like
brake
lines
and
fuel
lines,
a
fiare-nut
wrench
offers
the
acivantages
of
a
box-end
wrench
with
a
slot
that
ailows
it
to
fit
over
the
line
.
TOOLS
B005FNG
Fig
.
7
.
Common
flat-blade
(top)
and
Phillips
(bottom)
screwdrivers
.
Offset
screwdríver
(right)
is
used
for
screws
with
limited
ac-
cess
.
B002FNG
Sockets
.
Socketsperform
the
same
job
asbox-end
wrench-
es,
but
offer
greater
flexibility
.
They
are
used
with
a
ratchet
han-
dle
for
speed
and
conveniente
and
can
be
combined
with
extensions
and
universal
joints
(swivels)
to
reach
fasteners
more
easily
.
Sockets
come
with
different
size
connections
to
drive
handies
or
extensions,
called
the
drive
size
.
The
most
common
drive
sizes
are
1
/4
in
.,
318
in
.,
and
1
/2
in
.
Sockets
come
in
6-point
and
12-point
styles
.
For
use
with
a
ratchet,
the
6-point
offers
a
better
grip
on
tight
nuts
and
bolts
.
6mm
to
19mm
sockets
arethe
most
needed
sizes
.
Below
is
a
list
oftypical
bolt
diameters
and
the
corresponding
wrench
siz-
es
.
Page 18 of 759
010-10
FUNDAMENTALS
FOR
THE
DO-IT
YOURSELF
OWNER
TOOLS
Torque
Wrench
B021FNG
Fig
.
12
.
Jack
stand
for
safely
supporting
car
to
work
underneath
.
B022FNG
Fig
.
13
.
Oil
change
equipment
includesdrainplug
wrench
(17mm),
8
qt
.
drain
pan,
and
funnel
.
A
torque
wrench
is
used
to
precisely
tighten
threaded
fasten-
Fig
.
15
.
Feeler
gauge
set
.
ers
to
a
predetermined
value
.
Many
of
the
repair
procedures
in
this
manual
include
BMW-specified
torquevalues
in
Newton-
meters
(Nm)
and
the
equivalent
values
in
foot-pounds
(ft-Ib)
.
Digital
Multimeter
A
torque
wrench
with
a
range
up
to
about
150
Nm
(185
ft-lb)
has
adequate
capacity
for
most
of
the
repairs
covered
in
this
manual
.
For
recommended
torque
values
of
10
Nm
or
below,the
English
system
equivalent
is
given
in
inch-pounds
(in-lb)
.
These
small
values
may
be
most
easily
reached
using
a
torque
wrench
calibrated
in
inch-pounds
.
To
convert
inch-pounds
to
foot-pounds,
divide
by12
.
Fig
.
14
.
Torque
wrenches
.
Inexpensive
beam-type
(top)
is
adequate
but
must
be
read
visually
.
Ratchet-type
(bottom)
can
be
pre-
set
to
índicate
(click)
when
torquevalue
has
been
reached
.
Feeler
Gauges
B018FNG
Feeler
gauges
are
thin
metal
strips
of
precise
thickness,
used
to
measure
small
clearances
.
They
are
normally
available
as
a
set,
covering
a
range
of
sizes
.
See
Fig
.
15
.
Several
types
of
torque
wrenches
are
available
.
They
al¡
do
Many
of
the
electrical
tests
in
Chis
manual
cal¡
for
the
mea-
the
same
job,
bu¡
óffer
different
convenience
features
at
differ-
surement
of
resistance
(ohms)
or
voltage
values
.
For
safe
and
ent
prices
.
Two
typical
torque
wrenches
are
shown
in
Fig
.
14
.
accurate
tests
of
ignition,
fuel
injection,
and
emission
control
The
most
convenient
ones
have
a
built-in
ratchet,
and
can
be
systems,
the
multi-meter,
shown
in
Fig
.
16,
should
be
digital,
preset
to
indicate
when
a
specific
torque
value
has
been
with
high
(at
least
10,000
ohms)
input
impedance
.
Some
reached
.
Followthe
wrench
manufacturer's
directions
for
use
meters
have
automotive
functions
suchas
dweil
and
pulse
to
achieve
the
greatest
accuracy
.
width
that
are
useful
fortroubleshooting
ignition
and
fuel
injec-
tion
problems
.
CAUTION-
The
DME
system,
central
body
electronics,
and
other
electronic
systems
may
be
damaged
by
the
high
current
draw
of
a
test
fight
with
a
normal
in-
candescent
bulb
.
As
a
general
rule,
usea
high
ím-
pedance
digital
multimeter
or
an
LED
test
fightforall
electrfcal
testfng
.
B020FNG
Page 21 of 759
If
steam
is
coming
from
the
engine
compartment
thenthere
is
With
the
engine
and
ignition
off,
check
for
loose
or
corroded
most
likely
a
burst
coolant
hose
or
a
large
leak
in
the
cooling
battery
cables
or
wires
at
the
battery
or
thealtemator
.
Discon-
system
.
To
find
the
leak,
look
for
signs
of
coolant
leakage
on
necting,
cleaning,
and
reinstalling
corroded
wires
and
connec-
hoses,
at
hose
connections,
or
on
the
radiator
.
Let
theengine
tors
may
solve
the
problem
.
Also
check
drive
belt
tension
as
cool
thoroughly,
then
add
coolant
or
water
to
fill
the
system
and
described
in
020
Maintenance
Program
.
start
the
engine
.
If
a
great
deal
of
water
or
coolant
flows
out
of
the
hole,
then
thecarshouldnot
be
driven
until
repairs
are
made
.
lf
there
is
slight
seepage,
then
it
may
be
possible
to
drive
TOWi
ng
a
short
distance,
adding
coolant
as
needed
.
The
cars
covered
by
this
manual
should
be
towed
witha
tow
truck
using
wheel
lift
or
flat
bed
equipment
.
Do
not
tow
thecar
on
all
four
wheels
except
for
very
short
distances
to
move
it
to
a
safe
place
.
If
thered
engine
oil
pressure
warning
light
illuminates,
imme-
diately
stop
thecar
and
turn
off
the
engine
.
Have
the
vehicle
A
towing
eye
is
provided
in
the
luggage
compartment
tool
kit
.
flat-bedded
or
towed
to
an
authorized
service
center
and
have
The
towing
eye
can
be
screwed
into
the
front
or
rear
bumper
.
the
engine
oil
pressure
checked
.
See
Fig
.
18
and
Fig
.
19
.
Low
Oil
Pressure
NOTE-
Detafed
information
on
checking
the
oil
pressure
is
covered
ín
119
Lubrication
System
.
Brake
Fluid
Leve¡
The
brake
fluid
leve¡
warning
light
may
bean
indicator
of
brake
fluid
loss
.
Problems
with
the
brakesystem
should
be
checked
and
repaired
immediately
.
See
340Brakes
for
more
information
.
Check
Engine
Warning
Light
Dim
Lights
FUNDAMENTALS
FOR
THE
DO-IT
YOURSELF
OWNER
010-13
If
the
"CHECK
ENGI
NE"
warning
light
comes
on
or
flashes,
it
indicates
that
an
emissions-related
fault
has
occurred
.
Faults
suchas
a
failed
oxygen
sensor
or
a
faultyfuelinjector
can
tum
the
light
on,
causing
the
exhaust
or
evaporative
emissions
to
exceed
a
specified
limit
.
The
engine
can
be
safely
driven
with
the
light
on,
although
the
emission
systems
should
be
checked
assoonas
possible
.
See
100
Engine-General
for
more
infor-
mation
on
the
Check
Engine
Light
and
the
On-board
diagnostic
system
.
Headlights
and
instrument
panel
illuminationthat
are
dim
or
gradually
getting
dimmer
generally
indicate
a
problem
with
the
battery
or
charging
system
.
The
battery
charge
indicator
light
may
come
on
as
the
lights
are
dimming
.
In
either
case,
theen-
gine
and
accessories
are
running
off
of
the
battery
alone,
and
will
soon
discharge
it
altogether
.
If
possible,
do
not
stop
the
engine
unless
you
have
the
capa-
bility
to
jump
start
¡t
.
There
may
not
be
enough
power
in
the
starting
system
torestart
the
engine
.
Instead,turn
off
as
many
electrical
consumers
as
possible
.
This
will
reduce
the
current
drain
and
will
allow
thecar
to
be
driven
farther
before
you
lose
all
battery
power
.
Fig
.
18
.
Pry
open
rear
tow
lúg
access
panel
.
When
towingthecar
from
the
front
with
the
rear
wheelson
the
ground,
a
maximum
distance
of
20
miles
is
acceptable
.
If
thecar
needs
to
be
towed
further,
have
the
rear
wheels
placed
on
dollies
.
CA
UTION-
"
Do
not
tow
with
sling-type
equipment
The
front
spoilers
andbumper
covers
may
sustain
dam-
age
.
"
Towínga
BMW
with
an
automatic
transmission
with
the
rear
wheelson
the
ground
can
resuft
in
transmission
damage
due
to
lackof
lubrication
and
should
be
avoided
.
0013128
EMERGENCIES
Page 43 of 759
GENERAL
.
.....
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
100-1
Cylinder
Block
and
Crankshaft
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
100-1
Connecting
Rods
and
Pistons
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
100-1
Cylinder
Head
and
Valvetrain
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
100-2
VANOS
(Variable
Valve
Timing)
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
100-2
DISA
(Dual
Resonance
Intake
System)
.
.
.
.
.
100-3
Engine
Management
System
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
100-3
Ignition
......
.
.
.
.........
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
100-5
Fuel
Delivery
..
.
.
.
.....
.
...
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
100-5
Cooling
System
.
...........
.
.
.
.
.
.....
.
.
100-5
Lubrication
System
.........
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
100-5
MECHANICALTROUBLESHOOTING
.
.
.
.
100-5
Warnings
and
Cautions
..
.
...
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
100-5
Cylinder
compression,
checking
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
100-6
EngineMechanical
Troubleshooting
Table
.
.
.
100-7
DRIVEABILITY
TROUBLESHOOTING
...
100-8
GENERAL
There
are
various
engíne
configurations
used
in
the
1992-
1998
E36
cars
.
See
Table
a
.
On
both
four-
and
6-cylinder
engines,
the
cylinder
block
is
cast
¡ron
with
integral
cyiinders
.
The
cyiinders
are
exposed
on
all
sides
to
circulating
coolant
.
The
fully
counterweighted
crankshaft
rotates
in
replaceable
split-shell
main
bearings
.
Oiiways
drilled
into
the
crankshaft
pro-
vide
bearing
lubrication
.
O¡I
seals
pressed
into
alloy
sea¡
hous-
ings
are
installedat
both
ends
of
the
crankshaft
.
100
Engine-General
Tablea
.
Engine
Specifications
ENGINE-GENERAL
100-1
On-Board
Diagnostics
(OBD)
...
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
100-8
Basic
Requirements
....
.
.
.
...
.
.
.
.
.
....
.100-11
Preventive
Maintenance
......
.
.
.
.
.
.....
100-11
Basic
Engine
Settings
..
.
.....
.
.
.
.
.
.....
100-11
Oxygen
Sensors
.
.
.
...
.
.
.
...
.
.
.
.
.
....
.100-11
Air
Flow
Measurement
and
Vacuum
Leaks
.
.100-12
Battery
Voltage
.
.
...........
.
.
.
.
.
.....
100-12
Wiring
and
Harness
Connections
.
.
.
.
.....
100-13
Ground
Connections
...
.
.....
.
.
.
.
.
.....
100-13
Fue¡
Supply
....
.
...........
.
.
..
.....
.100-14
TABLES
a
.
Engine
Specifications
...
...
...........
.
..
..
.100-1
b
.
Engine
Management
Systems
..
..
...........
..
100-5
c
.
Engine
Mechanical
Troubleshooting
..........
.
.
100-8
d
.
OBD
1
Fault
(Blink)
Codes
(1992-1995
models
only)
.
...
..
..
..........
..
.100-9
e
.
Engine
Driveability
Troubleshooting
...........
.100-15
Model
Engine
code
No
.
of
Dispiacement
Compression
Horsepower
cyiinders
liters
(cu
.
in
.)
ratio
SAE
net
@
rpm
318i/is/¡C
1992-1995
M42
4
1
.8
(109
.6)
10
.0
:1
100
@
6000
1996-1998
M44
4
1
.9
(115
.6)
~
10
.0
:1
103
@
6000
323ís/iC
1998
M52
6
2
.5
(152
.2)
10
.5
:1
168
@
5,500
325i/is/iC
1992-1995
M50
6
2
.5
(152
.2)
10
.0
:1
110
@
5,900
328i/is/iC
1996-1998
M52
6
2
.8
(170
.4)
10
.2
:1
190
@
5,300
M3
1995
S50US
6
3
.0
(182
.5)
10
.5:1
240
@
6,000
1996-1998
S52US
6
3
.2
(192
.3)
10
.5:1
240
@
6,000
Cylinder
Block
and
Crankshaft
Connecting
Rods
and
Pistons
The
forged
connecting
rods
use
replaceable
split-shell
bearings
at
the
crankshaft
endand
solid
bushings
at
the
pis-
ton
pin
end
.
The
pistonsare
of
the
three-ring
typewith
two
up-
per
compression
rings
and
a
lowerone-piece
o¡i
scraper
ring
.
Fui¡-floating
piston
pins
are
retained
with
circlips
.
GENERAL
Page 47 of 759
ignition
Table
b
.
Engine
Management
Systems
engine
has
high
mileage
.
Engine
1
System
4-cylinder
engines
M42
(1992-1995)
Bosch
DME
Ml
.7
M44
(1996-1998)
Bosch
DME
M5
.2
(OBD
II)
6-cylinder
engines
M50
(1992)
Bosch
DME
M3
.1
M50
VANOS
(1993-1995)
Bosch
DME
M3
.3
.1
M52
(1996-1998)
Siemens
MS41
.1
(OBD
II)
S50US
(1995)
Bosch
DME
M3
.3
.1
S52US
(1996-1998)
Siemens
MS41
.1
(OBD
II)
Both
the
4-cylinder
and
6-cylinder
engines
use
a
distributor-
less
ignition
system
with
individual
ignition
coils
for
each
cylin-
der
.
FuelDelivery
Pressurized
fuel
from
the
in-tank
fuel
pump
is
injected
via
solenoid-type
fuel
injectors
.
The
ECM
controls
the
opening
and
closing
of
the
injectors
by
switchingthe
ground
side
of
each
injector
circuit
.
The
exact
amount
of
fuel
injected
is
de-
termined
by
the
amount
of
timethe
injectors
are
open
.
Cooling
System
Whenever
the
engine
is
running,
acoolant
pump
circulates
coolant
through
the
engine
and,
if
either
heater
control
valves
are
open,
through
the
heater
core
in
the
passenger
compart-
ment
.
The
coolant
absorbs
excess
heat
and
carries
it
to
the
ra-
diator
where
it
is
transferred
into
the
passing
airstream
.
A
thermostat
controls
the
flow
of
coolant
through
the
radiator
based
on
engine
temperature
.
Lubrication
System
The
lubrication
system
is
pressurized
whenever
theengine
is
running
.
The
oil
pump
draws
oil
through
a
pickup
in
the
bot-
tom
of
the
oil
pan,thenforces
it
through
a
replaceable
oil
filter
and
finto
the
engine
oíi
passages
.
On
4-cylinder
engines,
the
oil
pump
is
mounted
to
the
front
engine
cover
.
On
6-cylinder
engines,thechain-driven
oil
pump
is
bolted
to
the
bottom
of
the
cylinder
block
.
A
pressure
relief
valve
limits
the
maximum
system
pres-
sure
.
A
bypass
valve
prevents
the
oil
filter
from
bursting
and
insures
engine
lubrication
should
the
filter
become
plugged
.
See
119
Lubrication
System
for
additional
information
.
ENGINE-GENERAL
100-
5
Various
versions
of
DME
systems
are
usedon
thecars
cov-
MECHANICAL
TROUBLESHOOTING
ered
by
this
manual
.
See
Table
b
.
Each
system
is
highly
adaptive
to
compensate
for
things
suchasengine
wear
and
When
troubleshooting
an
engine
that
fails
to
start
or
runs
vacuum
leaks
.
poorly,
first
check
its
mechanical
condition-particularly
if
the
Warnings
and
Cautions
For
personal
safety,
as
well
asthe
protection
of
sensitive
electronic
components,
the
following
warnings
and
cautions
must
be
adhered
to
during
all
troubleshooting,
maintenance,
and
repairwork
.
WARNING
-
"
The
ignition
system
produces
high
voltages
that
can
be
fatal
.
Avoid
contact
with
exposed
termi-
nals
anduse
extreme
caution
when
working
on
a
car
with
the
ignition
switched
on
or
the
engine
running
.
"
Do
not
touch
or
disconnect
any
high
voltage
ca-
bles
from
the
coil,
distributor,
orspark
plugs
while
the
engine
is
running
or
being
cranked
by
the
starter
"
Connect
and
disconnect
the
engine
manage-
ment
system
wiring
and
test
equipment
leads
only
when
the
ignition
is
switched
off
.
"
Gasoline
is
highly
flammable
and
its
vapors
are
explosive
.
Do
not
smoke
or
work
on
a
car
near
heaters
or
other
fire
hazards
when
diagnosing
and
repairing
fuel
system
problems
.
Have
a
fire
extínguisher
available
in
case
of
an
emergency
.
"
Disconnecting
the
battery
may
erase
fault
code(s)
stored
in
control
module
memory
.
Using
special
BMW
diagnosnnc
equipment,
check
for
fault
codes
prior
to
disconnecting
the
battery
cables
.
If
the
Check
Engine
lightis
illuminated,
see
On-
Board
Diagnostics
(OBD)
forfault
code
infor-
mation
.
If
any
other
system
faults
havebeen
de-tected
(indicated
byan
illuminated
warning
light),
see
an
authorized
BMW
dealer
.
CAUTION-
"
Prior
to
disconnecting
the
battery,
read
the
bat-
tery
disconnection
cautions
gíven
at
the
front
of
this
manual
on
page
viii
.
"
Do
notconnect
any
test
equipment
that
delivers
a
12-volt
power
supply
to
terminal15
(+)
of
the
ignition
coil
.
The
current
flow
may
damage
the
ECM
.
In
general,
connect
test
equipment
only
as
specified
by
BMW,
this
manual,
or
the
equip-
ment
maker
.
"
Do
not
disconnect
the
battery
with
the
engine
running
.
Do
notrunthe
engine
with
any
of
the
sparkplug
wires
disconnected
.
MECHANICAL
TROUBLESHOOTING
Page 56 of 759
100-
1
4
ENGINE-GENERAL
0013131
Fig
.
13
.
Main
chassis
ground
(arrow)
inleft
front
of
engine
compart-
ment
.
Fuel
Supply
For
the
engine
tostart
and
run
properly,
the
injection
sys-
tem
must
deliver
fuel
in
precise
proportion
to
the
amount
of
air
entering
the
engine
.
Todo
this,
the
injection
system
requires
an
unrestricted
supply
of
fuel
from
the
fuel
pump
.
If
the
fuel
pump
is
not
working,
the
engine
will
notrun
.
If
the
fuel
filter
or
a
fuel
line
is
restricted,
the
engine
may
run
poorly
.
If
the
restriction
is
severe
enough
the
engine
will
not
start
.
lf
fuel
delivery
problemsare
suspected,
perform
the
tests
de-
scribed
in
160
Fuel
Tank
and
Fuel
Pump
.
The
fuel
pressure
created
by
the
fuel
pump
is
controlled
by
a
pressure
regulator
thatreturns
excess
fuelto
the
tank
.
Any
change
in
fuel
pressure
will
cause
a
change
in
the
base
air-fuel
mixture
delivered
to
the
engine
.
If
the
fuel
pressure
is
too
low,
the
base
air-fuel
mixture
will
be
lean
.
lf
the
fuel
pressure
is
too
high,
the
base
mixture
will
be
rich
.
Fuel
pressure
tests
aredescribed
in
160
Fuel
Tank
and
Fuel
Pump
and130
Fuel
Injection
.
NOTE-
Fuel
pressure
tests
require
a
pressure
gauge
.
If
thistoolís
not
avaílable,
the
tests
can
be
performed
byan
authorized
BMW
dealer
or
other
qualified
shop
.
DRIVEABILITY
TROUBLESHOOTING
Properly
operating
fuel
injectors
play
amajor
role
in
fuel
de-
livery
.
The
DMEECM
switches
the
injectors
on
and
off
at
the
negative
(-)
or
ground
side
of
the
connectors
.
Posítíve
(+)
bat-
tery
voltage
is
always
present
at
the
connectors
when
theen-
gine
is
running
.
An
injector
that
fails
or
loses
power
will
not
open,
creating
a
lean
air-fuel
mixture
and
causing
the
engine
to
run
poorly
when
coldor
stumble
on
acceleration
.
An
injector
that
shorts
to
ground
will
remain
open
constantly
when
the
en-
gine
is
running,
creating
a
richair-fuel
mixture
that
can
dilute
engine
oil,
foul
the
spark
plugs,
cause
a
rough
idle,
and
damage
the
catalytic
converter
.
Table
e
lists
additional
symptoms
of
common
engine
drive-
ability
problems,
their
probable
causes,
and
the
suggested
corrective
actions
.
The
entries
in
boldtype
in
the
corrective
action
column
indicate
the
repair
groups
where
applicable
test
and
repair
procedures
can
befound
.
NOTE-
Most
of
the
symptoms
fisted
in
Table
e
will
also
cause
the
Check
Engine
light
to
come
on
.
If
the
light
is
on,
check
for
any
stored
faults
as
the
first
step
ín
trouble-
shooting
driveability
complaints
.
Page 60 of 759
110-2
ENGINE
REMOVAL
AND
INSTALLATION
8
.
Drain
engine
coolant
andremove
coolant
hoses
at-
10
.
Remove
radiator
cooling
fan
and
radiator
as
described
tached
to
cylinder
head
.
in
170
Radiator
and
Cooling
System
.
"
Drain
radiator
and
engine
block
.
See
170
Radiator
and
Cooling
System
.
NOTE-
"
Disconnect
hoses
from
thermostat
housing
at
front
of
Some
late
4-cylinder
modelsuse
an
electric
prímary
cylinder
head
.
cooling
fan
.
"
Disconnect
heater
hoses
at
rear
of
engine
.
See
Fig
.
2
.
CAUTION-
NOTE-
On
cars
with
viscous-type
cooling
fans,
the
radia-
"
The
block
drain
plug
is
located
on
the
exhaust
side
to-
tor
fan
has
left
hand
threads
.
wards
rear
of
engine
.
"
Remove
small
plastic
lock
clíp
to
pull
radiator
drain
11
.
Remove
upper
intake
manifold,
unfasten
cable
duct
plug
out
completely
.
from
lower
intake
manifold,
crankcase
vent
valve
hose
(M44
engine
only)
0012687
Fig
.
2
.
Coolant
hoses
at
heater
valve
and
heatercore
to
be
discon-
nected
(arrows)
.
9
.
Remove
air
shroud
from
top
of
radiator
.
See
Fig
.
3
.
ENGINE
REMOVAL
AND
INSTALLATION
12
.
Disconnect
fuel
supply
and
fuel
return
lines,
main
en-
gine
electrical
connectors,
and
lower
intake
manifold
as
described
in
113
Cylinder
HeadRemoval
and
Instal-
lation
.
See
Fig
.
4
.
0012504
Fig
.
4
.
Crankcase
ventvalve
(A)
on
top
of
lower
intake
manifoldof
M44
engine
.
Fueldelivery
and
retum
lines
shown
at
B
.
Engine
harness
and
sensor
connectors
shown
at
C
.
WARNING
-
"
Fuel
may
be
expelled
under
pressure
.
Do
not
smoke
orworknear
heaters
or
other
fire
haz-
ards
.
Keep
a
fire
extinguisher
handy
.
Before
dis-
connecting
fuel
hoses,
wrap
a
cloth
around
fuel
hoses
to
absorb
any
leaking
fuel
.
Plug
all
open
fuel
lines
.
"
Always
unscrew
the
fuel
tank
cap
to
release
pres-
sure
in
the
tank
before
working
on
the
tank
or
lines
.
CAUTION-
0013137
I
Stuff
clean
rags
into
the
open
intake
ports
topre-
Fig
.
3
.
Front
air
shroud
mounting
screws
(arrows)
.
vent
any
parts
from
falling
into
the
engine
intake
.
13
.
Disconnect
vacuum
hose
from
brake
booster
on
bulk-
head
.
Cover
bothhole
in
booster
and
plug
hose
end
.
Page 148 of 759
130-2
FUEL
INJECTION
GENERAL
This
repair
group
covers
fuel
injection
system
component
testing
and
repair
.
Special
equipment
is
necessary
for
some
of
the
procedures
given
in
this
repair
group
.
If
you
do
not
have
the
equipment
required
to
do
the
job,
it
is
recommended
that
these
repairs
be
left
to
an
authorized
BMW
dealer
.
The
BMW
dealer
is
equipped
with
sophisticated
diagnostic
test
equip-
ment
that
is
capable
of
quicklypinpointing
hard-to-find
fuel
in-
jection
problems
.
NOTE-
"
Wiring
diagrams
for
the
engine
management
system,
can
be
found
at
the
rear
of
the
manual
under
Electri-
cal
Wiring
Diagrams
.
"
For
ignition
system
repairinformation,
see120
Igni-
tion
System
.
"
For
fuel
supply
system
testing
and
repair,
see160
The
engine
control
module
(ECM)
uses
electrical
signals
Fuel
Tank
and
Fuel
Pump
.
from
the
mass
air
flow
sensor,
the
air
and
coolant
temperature
sensors,
the
crankshaft
position/rpm
sensor,
the
knock
sen
Principies
Of
Operation
sors
and
the
oxygen
sensorsas
the
primary
inputs
to
electron-
ically
control
fuel
delivery
and
ignition
timing
.
There
are
five
versions
of
engine
management
systems
usedon
the
E36
cars
.
Each
has
the
same
basic
components
and
operating
principles
.
The
most
notable
difference
is
that
1996
and
later
cars
use
a
sophisticated
OBD
II-compliant
sys-
tem
.
See
Table
a
.
Table
a
.
Engine
Management
System
Variants
Engine
code/year
1
System
4-cy1inder
M42
(1
.8
I)
1992-1995
Bosch
DME
Ml
.7
M44
(1
.91)
1996-1998
~
Bosch
DME
M5
.2
(OBD
II)
6-cylinder
M50
1992
(2.5
I)
Bosch
DME
M3
.1
1993-1995
(2.5
I)
Bosch
DME
M3
.3.1
(VANOS)
M52
1996-1998
(3281-
2
.8
I)
Siemens
MS
41
.1
(OBD
II)
1998
(3231
-
2
.5
I)
Siemens
MS
41
.1
(OBD
II)
M-Power
S50US
(M3
-
3
.01)
1995
Bosch
DME
M3
.3
.1
S52US
(M3
-
3
.21)
1997-1998
Siemens
MS
41
.1
(0131)
11)
NOTE-
-
Descriptions
and
procedures
in
the
first
partof
this
re-
pairgroup
refer
to
all
the
various
engine
management
systems
.
"
Particulars
of
each
fuel
injection
system
are
treated
in
separate
sections
in
the
second
part
of
this
repair
group
.
GENERAL
Fig
.1
.
OBD
II
diagnostic
connector
locatíon
.
The
fuel
injection
system
is
completely
electronic
in
opera-
tion
.
Air
flow
is
measured
electronically
via
a
mass
air
flow
sensor
and
additional
sensors
supply
information
about
en-
gine
operating
conditions
.
The
ECM
calculates
the
amount
of
fuel
needed
for
the
correct
air-fuel
ratio
and
actuates
the
fuel
injectors
accordingly
.
The
amount
offuel
metered
to
theen-
gine
is
determined
by
how
long
the
injectors
are
open
.
Airintake
.
Air
entering
the
engine
passes
through
a
pleat-
ed
paper
air
filter
in
the
air
cleaner
.
Intake
air
volume
or
mass
is
then
measured
bya
mass
air
flow
(MAF)
sensor
.
In
al¡
ex-
cept
the
vane
type
sensor
(DME
M1
.7),
a
reference
current
is
used
to
heat
a
thin
wireor
film
in
the
sensor
when
the
engine
is
running
.
The
current
used
to
heat
the
wire/film
is
electroni-
cally
converted
into
a
voltage
measurement
corresponding
to
the
mass
of
the
intake
air
.
Table
b
.
Mass
Air
Flow
Sensor
Variants
System
Al
r
flow
sensor
type
Bosch
DME
M1
.7
Vane
(volume
sensor)
Bosch
DME
M3
.1
Hot
wire
(mass
sensor)
Bosch
DME
M3
.3
.1
Hot
film
(mass
sensor)
Bosch
DME
M5
.2
Hot
film
(mass
sensor)
Siemens
MS
41
.1
Hot
film
(mass
sensor)
"
The
16-pin
OBD
11
diagnostic
connector
is
located
on
NOTE-
the
lower
left
dashpanel
.
See
Fig
.
1
.
On
cars
equipped
wíth
tractioncontrol,
an
additional
throttle
valve
is
controlled
by
an
electronic
throttle
actu-
ator
(motor)
.
This
valve
is
used
for
engine
speed
inter
vention
.
Repair
information
forthis
system
is
notcovered
here
due
to
the
special
electrical
testing
equip-
ment
required
to
service
it
.