Tire BMW 328i 1997 E36 User Guide

Fig
.
11
.
BMW
special
tool
no
.
11
2300
installed
through
bellhousin
and
finto
flywheel
(arrow)
tolockcrankshaft
at
TDC
.

Fig
.
12
.
BMW
special
tool
no
.
11
3
240
installed
on
rear
of
camshafts
tohold
them
at
TDC
.
(M44
engine
shown
.
Other
engínes
are

similar
.)

CAUTION-

The
camshafts
must
be
locked
in
the
TDC
position

using
the
special
service
tool,
or
equivalent,
be-

fore
removing
the
timing
chaín
.
The
tool
holds
the
camshafts
parallel
to
each
other
and
perpendicu-
larto
the
valve
covergasket
surface
.

CYLINDER
HEAD
REMOVAL
AND
INSTALLATION



113-5

6011966

28
.
Remove
hydraulic
chain
tensiones
from
right
side
ofcyl-

inder
head
.
See
Fig
.
13
.

Fig
.
13
.
Hydraulic
chain
tensioner
(arrow)
.

NOTE-

It
is
not
necessary
to
remove
the
cam
sprockets
from

the
chainuntessthese
parts
are
being
reptaced
.
tire
tie
each
sprocket
to
the
chain
to
keep
the
sprockets
timed
to
each
other
.
Keeping
the
sprockets
timed
will
símplífy
instaftation
.

uu
11999

Fig
.
14
.
Chainguide
and
guide
adjusting
sleeve
(arrow)
.
Allen-head
retaining
screwhasbeen
removed
.
Use
slotted
screwdriver
to
loosen
adjusting
sleeve
.

29
.
Remove
mounting
bolts
from
left
and
right
camshaft

sprockets
.
Then
remove
camshaft
sprockets
from
cam-



_



Cylinder
head
assembly,
removing

shafts
.
On
M44
engines,
note
orientation
of
sensor



31
.
Remove
crankshaft
locking
tool
(BMW
special
tool
no
.
wheel
.



11
2
300)
.
Usingthe
crankshaft
vibration
damper
bolt,

30
.
Remove
upper
bolt
from
left
chainguide
.
Loosen
chain



turn
engine
opposite
its
normal
direction
of
rotation

guide
adjusting
sleeve
approximately
two
turns
.
See



(counterclockwise
asviewed
from
the
front)
approxi

Fig
.
14
.



mately
45°
.
This
prevents
accidental
contact
between

valves
and
pistons
during
installation
.

CYLINDER
HEAD,
4-CYLINDER

Fig
.
27
.
Remove
top
enginecovers
by
prying
out
plugs
and
removing

nuts
(A)
.
Make
sure
rubber
insulators
on
either
side
of
large

cover
do
not
fall
off
during
cover
removal
(B)
.

Fig
.
28
.
Fuel
injection
harness
beíng
lifted
off
engine
to
be
placed
at

base
of
windshield
(A)
.
Ignitioncoils
are
also
visible
(B)
.
M50

engine
shown,
other
6-cylinder
engines
are
similar
.

14
.
Remove
cylinder
head
cover
mounting
bolts
and
re-

move
cylinder
head
cover
.

CYLINDER
HEAD
REMOVAL
AND
INSTALLATION



113-
11

15
.
Remove
oil
baffle
cover
from
above
intake
camshaft
.

See
Fig
.
29
.

Fig
.
29
.
Camshaft
oil
baffle
coverbeing
removed
.

NOTE-

The
cylinder
head
cover
mounting
bolt
insulators
and

13
.
Remove
hold
down
nuts/bolts
from
fuel
injection
har-



gaskets
should
be
reinstalled
in
the
same
order
.
Make

ness
.
Pry
back
injector
connector
retaining
clips
and
lift



note
of
their
arrangement
during
removal
.

entire
harness
off
engine
.
See
Fig
.
28
.

Intake
manifold,
removing

811119

16
.
Disconnect
vacuum
hose
from
brake
system
vacuum

booster
.
Plug
opening
in
booster
.

17
.
Remove
throttle
housing
mounting
bolts
and
remove

throttle
housing
.
Set
throttle
housing
aside
without
dis-

connecting
cablesor
coolant
hoses
.
See
Fig
.
30
.

Fig
.
30
.
Remove
4
comer
bolts
(arrows)
from
throttle
housing
and

unbolt
complete
assembly
from
intake
manifold
.
Remove

complete
throttle
assembly
without
disconnecting
connec-

tors,
hoses
or
cables
.
(M50
engine
shown
.)

CYLINDER
HEAD,
6-CYLINDER

IGNITION
SYSTEM
DIAGNOSTICS



IGNITION
SYSTEM
SERVICE

Poor
driveability
may
have
a
variety
of
causes
.
The
fault



On
4-cylinder
engines,
an
ignition
coil
pack
is
mounted
to

may
lie
with
the
ignition
system,
the
fuel
system,
parts
of
the



the
passenger
side
strut
tower
in
the
engine
compartment
.

emission
control
system,
or
a
combination
of
the
three
.
Be-



The
coil
pack
integrates
4
individual
coils
.

cause
of
these
interrelated
functions
and
their
effects
oneach

other,
it
is
often
difficult
to
know
where
to
begin
looking
for



On
6-cylinder
engines,
an
ignition
coil
is
located
directly

problems
.



above
each
spark
plug
.

For
this
reason,
effective
troubleshooting
should
alwaysbe-

gin
with
an
interrogation
of
the
On-Board
Diagnostic
(OBD)

system
.
The
OBD
system
detects
certain
emissions-related

engine
management
malfunctions
.
When
faults
are
detected,

the
OBD
system
stores
a
Diagnostic
Trouble
Code
(DTC)
in

the
system
ECM
.
In
addition,
the
Check
Enginewarning
light

will
come
on
if
an
emissions-related
fault
is
detected
.

Two
generations
of
OBD
areusedon
the
cars
coveredby

this
manual
.
See
100
Engine-General
for
OBD
information
.

On-Board
Diagnostics

"
1992-1995
models
............
...
.
..
...



OBD
I

"
1996
and
later
models
.........
.......
..
OBD
II

NOTE-

"
On
carswith
OBD
ti,
specialized
OBD
11
scan
tool

equipment
mustbeused
to
access
DTCs,
either
using

the
BMW
special
tool
or
a
`generic"
OBD
11
scan
tool
.

"
The
OBD
11
fault
memory
(including
an
illuminated

Check
Engine
light)
can
only
be
reset
using
the
spe-

cial
scan
tool
.
Removing
the
connector
from
the
ECM

or
dísconnecting
the
battery
will
not
erase
the
fault

memory
.

Basic
Troubleshooting
Principies

An
engine
that
starts
and
runs
indicates
the
ignition
system

is
fundamentally
working-delivering
voltage
toat
least
some

of
the
sparkplugs
.
A
hard-starting
or
poor-running
engine,

however,
may
indicate
ignition
coil
problems,
cracked
or
dete-

riorated
spark
plug
wires
(4-cylinder
engines
only),
and
worn

or
fouled
spark
plugs
.

WARNING
-

Inefficient
combustion
(richair/fuel
mixture)
can

cause
the
catalytic
converter
to
overheat
and
plug
.

An
overheated
catalytic
converter
can
also
bea
tire

hazard
.

Checking
for
Spark

IGNITION
SYSTEM



120-
3

WARNING
-

If
a
spark
test
is
done
incorrectly,
damage
to
theen-
gine
control
module
(ECM)
or
the
ignitioncoil(s)
may
result
.

Checking
for
spark
is
difficult
onengines
with
distributorless

ignition
systems
.

Try
Rmovng
the
plugs
and
inspecting
for
differences
be-

tween
them
.
A
poor-firing
plug
may
be
wet
with
fuel
and/or

black
and
sooty,
butnot
always
.
If
a
coil
is
not
operating,
the

engine
management
system
will
electrically
disable
the
fuel
injectorto
that
cylinder
.
The
key
is
to
look
for
differences
be-

tween
cylinders
.

Ignition
coil,
testing
and
replacing

(4-cylinder
engine)

1.
Disconnect
mainharness
connector
from
coils
:

"
On
M42
engine,
remove
plastic
covering
from
coils
and

disconnect
individual
harness
connectors
.

"
On
M44
engine,
disconnect
main
harness
connectorat

end
of
coil
pack
.
See
Fig
.
3
.

Fig
.
3
.



Ignition
coil
pack
for
M44
engine
(arrow)
.
Coil
harness
con-

nector
shown
at1
.

IGNITION
SYSTEM
SERVICE

130-
6



FUEL
INJECTION

Warnings
and
Cautions

For
personal
safety,
as
well
as
the
protection
of
sensitive

electronic
components,
the
following
warnings
and
cautions

should
be
adhered
to
when
working
on
the
engine
manage-

ment
system
.

GENERAL
WARNING
-

"
The
ignition
system
produces
high
voltages
that

can
be
fatal
.
Avoid
contact
with
exposed
termi-

nals
.
Use
extreme
caution
when
working
onacar
with
the
ignition
switched
on
or
the
engine
run-
ning
.

"
Do
not
touch
or
disconnect
any
high
voltage
ca-

bles
from
the
coils
or
spark
plugs
while
the
engine

is
running
or
beingcranked
by
the
starter
.

"
Connect
and
disconnect
the
DME
system
wiring
and
test
equipment
leads
only
when
the
ignition
is
switched
off
.

"
Gasoline
is
highly
flammable
and
fts
vaporsare

explosive
.
Do
not
smoke
or
work
on
a
car
near
heaters
or
other
fire
hazards
when
diagnosing
and
repalring
fuel
system
problems
.
Have
a
tire
extinguisher
avaílable
in
case
of
an
emergency
.

"
When
working
onan
open
fuel
system,
wear
suit-
able
hand
protection,
asprolonged
contact
wfth
fuel
can
cause
illnesses
and
skin
disorders
.

"
Renew
fuel
system
hoses,
clamps
and
O-rings
any
timethey
are
removed
.

"
Before
makingany
electrical
tests
that
require
the
engine
to
be
cranked
using
the
starter,
disable
the
ignition
system
as
described
in
120
Ignition
System
.

CAUTION-

"
Prior
to
disconnecting
the
battery,
read
the
bat-
tery
disconnectinn
cautions
given
at
the
front
of
this
manual
onpage
vifi
.

"
Do
not
connect
any
test
equipment
that
delivers

a
12-volt
power
supply
to
terminal
15
(+)
of
the
ig-

nitioncoil
.
The
current
flow
may
damage
the

ECM
.
In
general,
connect
test
equipment
only
as

speclfied
by
BMW,
this
manual,
or
the
equipment

maker
.

"
Only
use
a
digital
multlmeter
for
electrical
test
.

"
Only
use
an
LED
test
light
for
quick
tests
.

"
Disconnecting
the
battery
may
erase
fault

code(s)
stored
in
memory
.
Check
for
fault
codes

prior
to
disconnecting
the
battery
cables
.
ff
the

Check
Engine
light
ís
illuminated,
see100En-
gine-General
for
DME
fault
code
information
.
ff
any
other
system
faults
have
been
detected
(indi-
catedbyan
illuminated
warning
light),
see
an
au-
thorized
BMW
dealer
.
Additional
systems
with
self-diagnostic
capabilities
include,
ABS
(Anti-
lock
brakes),
SRS
(Airbags),
EML
and
ASC+T
and
AST
(Traction
Control)
.

"
Do
not
run
the
engine
wfth
any
of
the
spark
plug
wires
dlsconnected
.
Catalytic
converter
damage
may
result
.

"
Always
waitat
least
40
seconds
afterturning
off
the
ignition
before
removing
the
engine
control
module
(ECM)
connector
.
ff
the
connector
isre-
moved
before
this
time,
residual
power
in
the
sys-
tem
relay
may
damage
the
control
module
.

"
Cleanliness
is
essential
when
working
onan
open
fuel
system
.
Thoroughly
clean
fuel
line
con-
nections
and
surroundlng
areas
before
loosen-
ing
.
Avoid
moving
the
car
.
Only
fnstall
cleanparts
.

"
Fuel
system
cleaners
and
other
chemical
addi-
tives
other
than
those
specifically
recommended
by
BMW
may
damage
the
catalytic
converter,
the
oxygensensor
or
other
fuel
supply
components
.

130-
1
4



FUEL
INJECTION

NOTE-

Be
sure
to
retrieve
thrust
washer
behind
fuel
pressure
regulator
on
6-cylinder
engine
.

4
.
Installation
is
reverse
of
removal
.
Replace
O-rings
.

Fuel
pressure
regulator,
replacing

(under
car
mount)

WARNING
-

Fuel
will
be
discharged
.
Do
not
disconnect
any
wires
that
could
cause
electrical
sparks
.
Do
not
smoke
or
work
near
heaters
or
other
fire
hazards
.
Keep
an
approved
tire
extinguisher
handy
.

On
late
4-
and
6-cylinder
cars,
the
fuel
pressure
regulator
is

mounted
beneath
the
left
sideof
the
car,
under
a
protective

cover
.
See
Fig
.
20
.

0012726

Fig
.
20
.
Fuel
pressure
regulatorlocation
underneath
car
(arrow)
.
Vac-
uum
hose
to
regulator
is
shown
at
A
.
(Protective
cover
has
been
removed
.)

5
.
Installation
is
reverse
of
removal
.
Replace
O-rings
.

BOSCH
DME
Ml
.
7
COMPONENT
TESTS
AND
REPAIRS

BOSCH
DME
Ml
.7
COMPONENT

TESTS
AND
REPAIRS

CA
UTION-

Use
only
a
digital
multimeter
when
testing
compo-
nents
and
wiring
.
Use
of
an
analog
VOM
may
damage
the
engine
control
module
.

4-cylinder
cars
with
M42
engines(1992
to
1995)use
the

Bosch
DME
M1
.7
fuel
injection
system
.

Electrical
tests
of
the
main
and
fuel
pump
relays
and
the

DME
engine
control
module
(ECM)
are
covered
earlier
in
this

section
.
Fuel
pump
tests
arecovered
in
160
Fuel
Tank
and

Fuel
Pump
.

Air
flow
sensor,
testing
and
replacing

DME
M1
.7
fuel
injection
uses
a
volume
air
flow
type
sensor

with
integrated
intake
air
temperature
(IAT)
sensor
.
The
sen-

sor
provides
a
varyingvoltage
signal
to
the
ECM
based
on
the

position
of
the
air
vane
.
As
the
vane
doorswings
open
thepo-
tentiometer
increases
the
voltage
signal
to
the
ECM
.
The
IATsensor
adapts
theoutput
signal
to
the
ECM
based
on
intake

air
temperature
.

1
.
Check
ECM
reference
voltage
to
sensor
:

"
Peel
back
rubber
boot
from
air
flow
sensor
harness

connector
.

"
Turn
ignition
keyon
.
"
Check
for
5
volts
between
terminal
1
of
harness
con-
nector
and
ground
.
See
Fig
.
21
.

"
Turn
ignition
key
off
.

"
If
voltage
is
not
present
or
incorrect,
check
wring
from

ECM
and
check
air
flow
sensor
reference
voltage
out-

put
at
ECM
.
See
Table
h
.
1
.
Working
under
car
below
driver's
seat,
remove
protec-
tive
cover
from
below
fuel
pressure
regulator
.

"
Remove
intake
air
bootfrom
sensor
.
2
.
Remove
vacuum
hosefrom
fuel
pressure
regulator
.



"
Connect
a
digital
multimeter
(ohms)
across
terminais
1

and
2
.
Swing
air
flow
sensor
vane
through
its
travel
3
.
Remove
locking
clip
retaining
fuel
pressure
regulator
.



range
.
Resistance
should
change
steadily
without
in-

terruption
.
4
.
Wrap
a
shop
rag
around
regulator,
then
remove
regula-



"
If
any
faults
are
found,
the
air
flow
sensor
is
faulty
and
tor
from
213
way
valve
by
pullingstraight
out
.



should
be
replaced
.

2
.
Check
air
flow
sensor
potentiometer
:

3
.
Check
IAT
sensor
resistance
:

"
With
harness
connector
disconnected
at
air
flow
sen-
sor,
check
resistance
across
sensor
terminais
4
and
5

of
air
flow
sensor
.
Compare
tests
results
to
values
in
Table
d
given
later
.
If
any
faults
are
found,
the
air
flow
sensor
should
be
replaced
.

160
Fuel
Tank
and
Fuel
Pump

GENERAL
.
.
.
.
.
.
...........
.
....
.
.
.
.
.
.
160-1



Operating
fuel
pump
for
tests
.
.
.
.
.
.
.......
.160-6

Fuel
Pump
Electrical
Tests
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
...
.
.
.
.
.
160-7

FUEL
TANK
AND
LINES
..
.
.
.
..........
160-2



Fuel
pump
electrical
circuit,
testing.
...
.
.
.
.
.
160-7

Fuel
tank,
draining
..
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
..........
160-2



Fuel
pump
power
consumption,
testing
.
.
.
.
.
.
160-7

Fuel
tank,
removing
and
installing
.........
160-3



Fuel
Delivery
Tests
....
.
.
.
...
.
.....
.
.
.
..
160-8

Fuel
Tank
Evaporative
Control
System
.....
160-4



Relieving
fuel
pressure
and
connecting

fuel
pressure
gauge
..
.
...........
.
.
.
..
160-8

FUEL
LEVEL
SENDERS
.
.
.
.
.
.......
.
.
.
160-4



System
pressure,
testing
.................
160-9

Fuel
level
senders,
testing
.
.
.
.
.
.......
.
.
.
160-5



Fuel
delivery
volume,
testing
.............
160-10

Fuel
leve¡
sender
and
fuel
pump
(right
side),
emoving
and
installing
.
.
.
.
.
.
160-5



TABLES

Fuel
leve¡
sender
(left
side),



a
.
FuelLeve¡
Sender
Resistances
...........
.
.
..
.160-5

removing
and
installing
.........
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
160-6



b
.
Fuel
Pump
Current
...
.................
..
...
160-8

c
.
Fuel
Pressure
Specifications
..............
.
..
160-10

FUEL
PUMP
.
.
.
................
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
160-6



d
.
Fuel
Pump
Delivery
Specifications
.........
.
..
160-10

Fuel
Pump
Fuse
and
Relay
.
.
.
....
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
160-6

GENERAL

This
repair
group
covers
service
information
specifically
for



The
cautions
and
warnings
on
this
page
should
beob
the
fuel
supply
system
.
Information
on
the
fue¡
injection
sys-



served
when
servicing
the
fuel
system
.
tem
is
covered
in
130
Fuel
Injection
.

NOTE-

Fue¡
filter
replacement
is
covered
in
020
Maintenance
Program
.

WARNING
-

"
The
fuel
system
is
designed
to
retain
pressure
even
when
the
ignition
isoff
.
When
working
with
the
fuel
system,
loosen
the
fuel
lines
slowly
toal-
low
residual
fuel
pressure
to
dissipate
gradually
.
Avoid
spraying
fuel
.

"
Before
beginning
any
work
on
the
fuel
system,
place
a
tire
extinguisher
in
the
vicinity
of
the
work
area
.

"
Fuel
is
highly
flammable
.
When
working
around
fuel,
do
not
disconnect
any
wires
that
could
cause
electrical
sparks
.
Do
not
smoke
or
work
near
heaters
or
other
tire
hazards
.

"
Always
unscrew
the
fuel
tank
cap
to
release
pres-
sure
in
the
tank
before
working
on
the
tank
or
fines
.

"
Do
not
use
a
work
light
near
any
fuel
.
Fuel
may
spray
onto
the
hot
bulb
causing
a
tire
.

"
Make
sure
the
work
area
is
properly
ventifated
.

FUEL
TANK
AND
FUEL
PUMP



160-1

CAUTION-

"
Prior
to
disconnecting
the
battery,
read
the
bat-tery
disconnection
cautions
given
at
the
front
of
this
manual
onpage
viü
.

"
Before
making
any
electrical
tests
with
the
ignition
tumed
on,
disable
the
ignition
system
as
de-
scribed
in
120
Ignition
System
.
Be
sure
the
bat-tery
is
disconnected
when
replacing
components
.

"
To
prevent
damage
to
the
ignition
system
or
the
electronic
fuel
system
components,
including
the
control
unit,
aiways
connect
and
disconnect
wires
and
test
equipment
with
the
ignition
off
.

"
Cleanliness
is
essential
when
working
with
the
fuel
system
.
Thoroughly
clean
the
fuel
fine
unionsbefore
disconnecting
any
of
the
fines
.

"
Use
only
clean
tools
.
Keep
removed
parts
clean
and
sealed
or
covered
with
a
clean,
lint-free
cloth,
especially
if
completion
of
the
repair
is
delayed
.

"
Do
not
move
the
car
while
the
fuel
system
is
open
.

"
Avoid
using
high
pressure
compressed
air
to
blow
out
fines
and
componente
.
High
pressure
can
rupture
infernal
seals
and
gaskets
.

"
Always
replace
seals
and
O-rings
.

GENERAL

160-
4



FUEL
TANK
AND
FUEL
PUMP

Fig
.
4
.



Pinch
off
supply
and
retum
fuel
hoses
(arrows)
before
dis-
connecting
from
rigid
metal
lines
.

0013143

Fig
.
5
.
After
removing
exhaustsystem,
remove
heat
shield
screws
(arrows)
and
heat
shield
.

9
.
Working
underneath
car,
loosen
hose
clamp
and
dis-

connect
filler
hose
.

10
.
Support
tank
from
below
.
Remove
tank
strap
mounting

bolts
.
Lower
and
remove
tank,
disconnecting
right
side



TheE36
model
uses
a
two-lobed
fuel
tank
and
each
lobeof
vent
and
other
hoses/electrical
connectors
as
neces-



the
tank
has
its
own
fuel
level
sending
unit
.
sary
.

11
.
Installation
is
reverse
of
removal
.

"
Always
use
new
seals,
gaskets,
O-rings,
and
hose
clamps
.

"
Inspect
hoses
and
replace
any
that
are
chafed,
dried

outor
cracked
.

"
Inspect
heat
shield
and
replace
if
corroded
.

"
Inspect
rubber
buffers
and
liners
on
fuel
tank,
support
straps
and
on
underside
of
body
.
Replace
rubber

parts
that
are
hardened
or
damaged
.

FUEL
LEVEL
SENDERS

CAUTION-

"
Before
starting
the
engine,
fill
the
fuel
tank
with
at
least
1.5
gallons
(5
liters)
of
fuel
to
prevent

damaging
a
dry
fuel
pump
.

"
If
the
filler
neck
has
been
removed
from
the
body,
be
sure
toreattach
theneck's
grounding
screw
(where
applicable)
.
Check
electrical
resistance
between
the
ground
tab
and
wheel
hub
.
The
re-
sistance
shouldbeno
higher
than
0
.6
ohms
.

Tightening
Torques

"
Fuel
tank
to
body
.............
...
23
Nm
(17
ft-Ib)

"
Hose
clamps
(10
mm-16
mm
día
.)
..
2
.0
Nm
(18
in-lb)

Fuel
Tank
Evaporative
Control
System

The
fuel
tank
evaporative
control
system
is
used
to
vent
the

fuel
tank
to
a
charcoal
canister,
which
is
then
purgedby
en-

gine
vacuum
during
normal
engine
operatíon
.
This
controls

emission
of
raw
hydrocarbons
(fuel)
to
the
atmosphere
.
See

Fig
.
1
.

A
fuel
expansion
tank,
located
under
the
right
rear
fender,

traps
overflow
fuel
and
incorporates
extra
fuel
tank
plumbing
.

Startingwith
1996
models,
OBD
II
standards
require
that

the
fuel
tank
evaporative
control
system
be
monitored
for

leaks
.
This
is
accomplished
usingthe
fuel
tankpressuresen-

sor,
the
ventshut
off
valve,
and
the
evaporative
purge
valve
.

NOTE-

On
most
early
cars(1992-1995),
the
charcoal
canister

is
in
the
engine
compartment
.
On
latercars,
the
char-
coal
canister
is
under
the
spare
tire
in
the
luggage
com-
partment
.

FUEL
LEVEL
SENDERS

The
right
side
fuel
leve¡
sender
is
integrated
with
the
fuel

pump
.
Each
senderhas
a
float
connected
to
a
variable
resis-

tance
for
fuel
leve¡
.
When
replacing
the
sender/pump
assem-

bly
always
replace
hose
clamps,gaskets
and
O-rings
.

WARNING
-

When
removing
the
fuel
level
sender
or
the
fuel
pump,
the
fuel
tank
should
be
emptied
.

DRIVESHAFT
SERVICE
.
...
.
.
.
...
.
..
.
.
.260-3

Driveshaft,
aligning
...............
.
...
.
.
260-3

Driveshaft,
removing
..............
.
.
.
.
.
.
260-4

260
Driveshaft

DRIVESHAFT
260-1

GENERAL
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.....
.
.
.
........
.
...
.
260-1



Driveshaft,
installing
.
....
.
..
.
............
260-4

Flex-disc,
replacing
.....
.
.
.
.............
260-5
TROUBLESHOOTING
..
.
.
.
...
.
.........
260-1



Center
bearing
assembly,
replacing
.
......
.260-6
Frontcentering
guide,
replacing
..
.
.......
.
260-7

TABLE

a
.
Driveshaft
Troubleshooting
.
.
...
......
.
....
..
.
.
260-2

GENERAL



NOTE-

For
rear
drive
axlerepair
information,
see330
Rear
The
two-piece
driveshaft
is
joined
in
thecenter
by
a
sliding



Suspension
.
splined
coupling
.
This
coupling
compensates
for
fore
and
aft
movement
of
the
drive
line
.
The
driveshaft
ís
connected
to
the



Driveshaft
noise
or
vibration
may
be
caused
by
worn
or
transmission
bya
rubber
flex-disc
and
to
the
final
drive
by
a



damaged
components
.
Check
the
universal
joints
for
play
.
universal
joint
.
It
is
supported
in
the
micidle
by
a
center
support



With
the
driveshaft
installed,
pull
and
twist
the
driveshaft
while
bearing
.
The
bearing
is
mounted
in
rubber
to
isolate
vibration
.



watching
the
joint
.
The
BMW
specificationfor
play
is
very
See
Fig
.
1
.



small,
so
almost
any
noticeableplay
could
indicate
a
problem
.

TROU
BLESHOOTING



Check
thetorque
of
thefasteners
at
the
flange
connections
.
Check
therubber
of
the
flex-disc
and
center
bearing
for
dete

The
source
of
driveline
vibrations
and
noise
can
be
difficult



rioration
or
tearíng
and
check
for
preload
at
the
center
bearing

to
pinpoint
.
Engine,
transmission,
rear
axle,
or
wheel
vibra-



with
a
visual
inspection
.
Check
the
driveshaft
for
broken
or

tions
can
be
transmitted
through
the
driveshaft
to
the
car



missing
balance
weights
.
The
weights
are
welded
tabs
on
the

body
.
Noises
from
the
rear
of
thecar
may
be
caused
by
final



driveshaft
tubes
.
In
addition
to
inspecting
for
faulty
driveshaft

drive
problems,
orby
faulty
wheel
bearings,
drive
axies,
or



parts,
the
installed
angles
of
the
driveshaft
should
also
be

evenworn
or
improperly
inflatedtires
.



considered
.

Flex-disc

Center
universal
joint

Fig
.1
.



Driveshaft
and
final
drive
assembly
.

Rear
section
Splined
shaft



of
driveshaft
Center
support



`



Clamping
sleeve
bearíng
assembly

Differential
inputflange

0013110

TROUBLESHOOTING

260-
6
DRIVESHAFT

4
.
Insta¡¡
driveshaft
as
described
in
Driveshaft,
install-

ing
.

Tightening
Torques

"
Driveshaft
center
mount
to
body
.
...
21
Nm
(16
ft-Ib)

"
Driveshaft
clamping
sleeve
.....
...
10
Nm
(89
in-lb)

"
Driveshaft
to
final
drive
flange

With
CV
joint
(M8)
............
...
32
Nm
(23
ft-Ib)

Wth
U-joint
(M10
ribbed
nut)
......
.
80
Nm
(59
ft-Ib)

With
U-joint
(M10
compressed
nut)
.
.
60
Nm
(44
ft-Ib)

"
Flex-disc
to
driveshaft
or
transmission
flange

M10
(8
.8
grade)
.
...
.............
48
Nm
(35
ft-Ib)

M10
(10
.9
grade
.
...
.............
64
Nm
(47
ft-Ib)

M12
(8
.8
grade)
..
..
.............
81
Nm
(60
ft-Ib)

M12
(10
.9
grade)
.
..
............
100
Nm
(74
ft-Ib)

M12
(10
.9
grade)
(M3
models)
.....
115
Nm
(85
ft-Ib)

"
Transmission
crossmember

to
body
(M8)
......
...
.
..
........
21
Nm
(16
ft-Ib)

5
.
Remove
center
bearing
circlip
and
dust
guard
.
See
Fig
.

Center
bearing
assembly,
replacing



10
.
Remove
bearing
from
driveshaft
using
puller
.

To
replace
thecenter
bearing
assembly,
the
driveshaft

must
be
removed
from
thecar
.
The
center
bearing
assembly

consists
of
a
grooved
ball
bearing
in
a
rubber
mount
.
The

bearing
assembly
is
pressed
onto
the
front
section
of
the

driveshaft
and
securedby
a
circlip
.
See
Fig
.
8
.

Circlip

NOTE
-

Torque
only
the
nuts
while
holding
the
bolt
heads
.
Thís
will
prevent
damaging
or
fatiguing
the
rubber
.

Dust
cap

Fig
.
8
.



Exploded
view
of
driveshaft
support
bearing
assembly
.

1
.
Remove
driveshaft
.
See
Driveshaft,
removing
.

DRIVESHAFT
SERVICE

0012594

5333

Fig
.
9
.



Before
pulling
apart
driveshaft
sections,
make
matching
marks
as
shown
.

4
.
Inspect
condition
of
rubber
bushing
for
splined
cou-

pling
.
Replace
worn
or
damaged
parts
.

2
.
Make
matching
marks
on
front
and
rear
driveshaft
sec-



NOTE-

tions
.
See
Fig
.
9
.



Install
puller
so
that
it
pulls
on
inner
hub
of
bearing
.
Pulling
on
outer
ring
of
mount
may
tear
rubber,
and
en

3
.
Loosen
clamping
sleeve
fully
and
pull
driveshaft
sec-



tire
bearing
assembly
will
need
to
be
replaced
.

tions
apart
.
Remove
rubber
bushing,
washer,
and
clamping
sleeve
from
front
section
.

5334

Fig
.
10
.
Center
bearing
circlip
(arrow)
to
be
removed
.
Driveshafl
shown
installed
.

SUSPENSION,
STEERING
ANDBRAKES-GENERAL



300-1

300
Suspension,
Steering

and
Brakes-General

GENERAL
.....
.
....
.
.....
.
.
.
........
.300-1



M3
SUSPENSION
AND
BRAKES
.......
.
...
300-7

Front
Suspension
..........
.
.
.
...
.
.....
300-1

Steering
...
.
.
.
.
.
....
.
.
.
...
.
.
.
...
.
...
.
.
300-2



SUSPENSION
AND
STEERING

Rear
Suspension
....
.
.
.
...
.
.
.
...
.
.....
300-2



TROUBLESHOOTING
..
.
.
.
.............
300-7

Brakes
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
....
.
...........
.
.
.
.
.
.
300-2

Tires
and
wheeis
.
................
.
.
.
.
.
.
300-2



TABLE

a
.
AST
Indicator
Lamp
Function
..
..
.
..
.
.........
300-5

INTEGRATED
SYSTEMS
.........
.
.
.
.
.
.
300-2



b
.
Suspension
and
Steering
Troubleshooting
......
.300-8

Antilock
Brake
System
(ABS)
.......
.
.
.
.
.
.
300-2

Al¡
Season
Traction
(AST)
.........
.
.
.
.
.
.
300-4

GENERAL



Front
Suspension

This
section
covers
general
information
for
front
and
rear



The
lower
control
arms
connect
the
front
suspension
struts

suspension,
the
steering
system,
and
the
brakíng
and
traction



to
mounting
points
on
the
subframe
crossmember
and
the

control
systems
.



body
.
See
Fig
.
2
.

The
BMW
E36
suspension
and
steering
systems
are
engi-

neered
to
provide
a
compromise
between
taut,
responsive
handling
and
ride
comfort
.
Although
the
front
and
rear
suspen-
sion
assemblies
are
independent
subsystems,
they
work
to-

gether
to
achieve
BMW's
overall
combination
of
precise

handling
and
comfort
.
See
Fig
.
1
.

Fig
.
1
.



BMW
E36
front
and
rear
suspension
systems
.

Each
front
strut
assembly
includes
a
shock
absorber
car-

tridgeinside
the
tubular
strut
housing
and
a
large
coil
spring
.

The
upper
strut
mount
bearing
allows
the
strutto
turnwith
the

wheels
.
The
lower
end
of
the
strut,
which
includes
the
stub
axle
for
the
front
wheel,
connects
to
a
ball-joint
on
the
control
arm
.

0013098

GENERAL