automatic transmission BMW 540i 1998 E39 Owner's Manual

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170-5
Radiator and Cooling System
Fan switch calibration (M52, M62 engine)
coniprairoi OUt rlgnal
Auto. ciimilte ~ontioi inpuls via CAN bus
Electric fan activation:
Low speed
91°C (196°F)
High speed 104' C (21 9' F)
< In models manufactured after 911998 (M52 TU engine, M54
engine.
M62 TU engine), the electric cooling fan is controlled
by the engine control module (ECM) via the output final
stage.
The output final stage is mounted on the fan housing, next to
the fan motor. The fan is operated using a pulse width modu-
lated signal. Fan circuit wiring is protected by a 50-amp fuse.
Electric fan activation is based on the following inputs to the
ECM:
Radiator outlet temperature
Calculated catalytic converter temperature
Vehicle speed
* Battery voltage
Calculated
A/C pressure
When the vehicle is first started, the ECM activates the elec-
tric fan briefly at 20% of its maximum speed, then switches
off. This is for diagnostic monitoring. The voltage generated
by the fan when it slows down (acting as a generator) must
match the stored rpm values in the fan output stage toconfirm
that the fan is operating correctly.
NOTE-
If the ECM fault memory indicates a cooling fan fault, check
that the fan is not seized and that it spins freely.
When
A/C is switched ON, the electric fan is not immedi-
ately turned on.
After the engine is switched
OFF the fan may continue to
run at varying speeds for up to 10 minutes, based on cal-
culated catalyst temperature.
Transmission fluid heat exchanger
Automatic transmission fluid lines circulate transmission fluid
(ATF) to and from a heat exchanger at the radiator.
All 6-cylinder
models andV-8 models produced to 911998 are
equipped with a transmission cooler located in a cooling cas-
sette in front of the radiator.

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200 Transmission-Genera!
General ........................... .20 0.2 Automatic Transmission
Drivetrain .......................... .20 0.2 Transmission Lubricants
Manual Transmission
.............. .20 0.2

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This repair group covers general application information for
the clutch, manual and automatic transmissions, shift linkag-
es and driveshaft.
Drivetrain
I ZF manual transmission I
BMW E39 models are equipped with a longitudinal drivetrain.
The transmission is bolted directly to the rear of the engine.
A
driveshaft connects the output shaft of the transmission to the
rear final drive. Individual drive axles with integrated constant
velocity joints transfer rotational power from the final drive
unit to the rear wheels.
4 Due to different power characteristics and performance re-
quirements, various manual transmissions are used in mod-
els covered by this manual. Manual transmission
applications are given in the table below.
For manual transmission specifications or repair procedures,
refer to
230 Manual Transmission.
Manual transmission models use a single disc clutch with
dual-mass flywheel. For further information, see
210 Clutch.
The manual transmission metal ID plate is mounted on side of
transmission. Do not rely on numbers cast on transmission
case for identification.
Manual transmission applications
Model Year Engine Transmission
5251 2001 - 2002 M52TU, M54 Getrag S5D 250G
528i 1997-2002 M52 ZF S5D 3202

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Different automatic transmissions are used, depending on
model and model year
and/orproduction date. All of the auto-
matic transmissions are electrohydraulically controlled with
five forward speeds. Automatic transmission applications are
given in the table below.
Automatic transmission applications Model Year Engine Transmission
526 from 911 999 M52 TU ASS 360R
5251 from 312001 M54 ASS 3252
5301 to 312001 M54 ASS 390R
530i from 312001 M54 ASS 3252
540i
from 111 997 M62 TU ASS 4402
Automatic transmission identification metal ID plate is mount-
ed to body of transmission.
4 GM transmission ID tag (arrow) is on left side of transmission
housing, behind transmission selector cable, just above
transmission pan.
< ZF transmission ID tag (arrow) is on left rear of transmission,
just above transmission pan.

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The lubricant used varies, depending on transmission and
model year. Fluid application information is clearly marked on
a label on transmission.
On manual transmission, either ATF (orange label reads
ATF-Oil) or a special BMW lubricant (yellow label reads MTF-
LT
I) is used. See 230 Manual Transmission.
Automatic transmission is filled with either Dexron
Ill ATF
(black transmission ID plate reads ATF-Oil), or special life-
time oil (green transmission ID plate reads Life-Time Oil). See
240 Automatic Transmission.
CAUTION--
If in doubt as to the type of fluid installed in a particular trans-
mission, consult an authorized
BMW dealer service depari-
ment for the latest in operating fluids.

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240 Automatic Transmission
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Special tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Automatic transmission applications
. . . . . ,240-2 ATF, draining and filling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240-7
. . . . . ,240-2 Automatic transmission fluid
. . . . . ,240-4 pan and strainer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240-9
Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .240-4 Transmission Removal
and Installation
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240-10 Automatic Transmission Fluid Transmission, removing and installing . . . 240-10 (ATF) Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,240-6
Automatic transmission fluid (ATF) . . . . . . . ,240-6
ATF level, checking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ,240-6

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240-2
/ ~utomatic Transmission
This section covers maintenance and replacement of the
automatic transmission for
E39 models.
Automatic transmission internal repairs are not covered.
Such repairs require special service equipment and knowl-
edge. If it is determined that transmission internal
sewice is
required, consult an authorized BMW dealer about a factory
reconditioned unit or a transmission rebuild.
CAUTION-
ATF does not circulate unless the engine is running. When
towing an automatic transmission vehicle, use a flat bed truck
or raise the rear wheels off the ground.
Special tools
Some special tools are required for the removal and installa-
tion of an automatic transmission on the
E39 BMW models.
While these tools are not absolutely necessary, they are es-
pecially helpful when dealing with the removal and replace-
ment of the torque converter.
4 Engine support bracket
(Tool No. BMW
00 0 200.00 0 208)
4 Transmission jack
(Tool No.
BMW 00 2 030)
4 Engine support block (V-8 models) 11 7310 (Tool No. BMW 11 7 310)

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240-3
Automatic Transmission
4 Engine support block (&cylinder models)
(Tool No. BMW
11 7 370)
4 Tran5mission support (for use with transmission jack,
A5S 560Z transmission) (Tool No. BMW 24
0 170)
4 Transmission support (for use with transmission jack,
A5S
4402 transmission) (Tool No. BMW 24 0 250)
4 Torque converter socket
(Tool No. BMW 24 1 100)
< Spline bore alignment tool
(Tool No.
BMW 24 2 300)

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Automatic Transmission
Automatic transmission applications
Automatic transmissions are identified by code letters found
on a data plate located on the side or rear of the transmission
case. See table below for application information.
Automatic transmission applications
Model Year Engine Transmission
5281 to 911999 M52 A4S 310R
5281 from 911999
M52 TU A5S 360R
5251 to 312001 M54 A5S 390R
5251 from 312001 M54 ASS 3252
530i to 312001 M54
ASS 390R
530i from 312001 M54
A5S 3252
540i from 111997 M62
TU A5S 4402
Automatic transmission basic components
The automatic transmission fitted to BMW 5 Series models is
comprised of
3 main elements:
0 Torque converter capable of torque multiplication at an
infinitely variable ratio
Electrohydraulically controlled valve body
0 Gearbox containing 5 forward speeds and reverse

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- .- -
Automatic Transmission
Electronics are used to control the operation of these auto-
matic transmissions. Steptronic transmission functions are
also programmed into the transmission control module
(TCM). The TCM monitors transmission operation for faults
and alerts the driver by illuminating the transmission fault indi-
cator on the instrument panel. Diagnostic trouble codes
(DTCs) stored in the TCM may be downloaded and interpret-
ed by trained technicians using special BMW diagnostic
equipment.
Some minor automatic transmission problems can be cor-
rected by changing the automatic transmission fluid (ATF)
and filter. Begin by checking ATF level and condition.
Checlc
to see if the fluid is dirty or has a burned odor indicating over-
heated fluid. The burned odor may be the results of burned
discs in theclutch paclts. The friction material from the burned
disc can clog valve body passages.
NOTE-
The E39 automatic transmission is not equipped with a dip-
stick.
Checking the ATF level must be done while monitoring
the ATF temperature with the engine idling. The
BMW dealer
is equipped with the special equipment to make this check.