wheel bolts BMW 540i 1998 E39 Service Manual

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-steering and wheel -. Alignment I
< Hand tighten rear suppoll nut (arrow) against mounting
bracket.
Install rear mounting nut and tighten.
Do not over-torque banjo bolts.
* Fill and bleed power steering system as described later.
Tightening torques
Hydraulic lines to steering pump (banjo bolts)
a MlO 12 Nm (9 ft-lb)
. M14 35 Nm (26 ft-lb)
MI6 40 Nm (30 ft-lb)
. MI8 45 Nm (33 ft-lb)
Pump
brackets to engine block 25 Nm (18 ft-lb)
Rear pump support stud to pump housing
22 Nm (16 ft-lb)
Power steering system, bleeding and filling
- With engine off, fill power steering fluid reservoir with clean
fluid. Fill level to MAX
mark on dip stick.
- Start engine. Turn steering wheel twice to left lock and right I
lock.
- Recheck fluid level with engine off. Fill to MAX.

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/steering and Wheel Alignment
Raise engine approximately 40 mm (1.6 in). See 110 Engine
Removal and installation.
Remove right and left engine mounts and remove mount
brackets from subframe.
Empty power steering fluid reservoir using a clean syringe.
Do not reuse power steering fluid.
Remove right tie rod fastener (arrow) from right steering
Itnuckle. Repeat for left.
4 Press right tie rod out of right steering knucltle using BMW
special tool 31
2 240. Repeat for left.
/ ~ock nut Loclting ring
0012143
4 Malte reference measurement (A) of right tie rod end to tie
rod. Record measurement. Repeat for left.
NOJE-
0 Accurate measurement of tie rod end with reference to tie
rod will help approximate correct wheel alignment during
reassembly.
Note correct placement of inner taper on
locling ring
Remove fluid line
banjo bolts (arrows)
from steering rack.

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Steering and Wheel ~lignmentl
Remove lower steering column flexible joint pinch bolt (ar-
row). Pull flexible joint off steering rack shaft.
Remove steering rack mounting bolts. Remove steering
raclc
from subframe by pulling it to left.
Installation is reverse of removal, noting the following:
Make sure all thread bores, bolts, nuts, splines and mating
surfaces are clean.
Use new steering rack mounting bolts. Tighten in two stag-
es. Note tightening instructions in torque table below.
Use anti-seize paste on inner tie rod threads.
Use new self-loclting nuts wherever applicable.
Use keved
comDonents to reassemble steerino column
flexible\oint to ;teering raclt shaft. u
Use new bolt at steering shaft coupling.
Use new sealing O-rings on banjo fittings.
Do not over-torque banjo bolts.
Fill and bleed power steering system as described earlier.
Use tie rod measurement previously made (measurement
A) to temporarily set toe.
Have car professionally aligned.
Tightening torques Hydraulic lines to steering rack (use new O-ring
seals)
M14 banjo bolt 35 Nrn (26 ft-lb)
. M16 banjo bolt 40 Nm (30 ft-lb)
Steering shaft coupling
to rack (use new bolt) 19 Nm (14 it-lb)
Steering rack to subframe (use new bolts)
- initial torque 50 Nm (37 ft-lb)
Torque angle 90"
Tie rod
to Steering knuckle (replace self-locking
65 Nm (48 ft-lb)
nut)
- to Steering rack 71 Nm (52 ft-ib)
Outer tie rod end lock nut
51 Nm (38 ft-lb)

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Steering and Wheel Alignment
Press center tie rod off pitman arm.
Remove lower steering column universal joint clamping bolt
(arrow) and slide universal joint up off steering gearbox
shaft.
Disconnect harness connector for electro-hydraulic regulator
at bottom of steering gearbox
if necessary.
Remove steering gearbox mounting bolts
Remove steering gearbox by sliding it forward and down.
Malte sure all thread bores, bolts, nuts, splines and mating
surfaces are clean.
4 To install steering gearbox, center steering column to gear-
box by aligning universal joint split with tab on steering gear-
box
(arrow). Install new clamping bolt and self-locking nut.
NOTE-
Make sure the clamping bolt fits into the machinedgroove in
the steering gearbox shaft when mating the universaljoint to
the shaft.
4 Draw steering gearbox into place using bolt A. Hand tighten
only. Tighten bolts
(B and C) to torque specification.
- Install pitman arm on steering gearbox shaft. Do not tighten
pinch bolt at this point.

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L.. Steering and Wheel ~li~nrnentl ~
4 Mark A on steering gearbox shaft must be located in center
of
pitman arm slot.
- Adjust pitman arm as described later.
I 5"?~~5~"
I / < Gap A = 0.5 - 8.5 mm (0.02 - 0.33 in)
- Tighten pitman arm pinch bolt to specification.
' 1 Tightening torques
I u "steering Steering gearbox to subframe 62 Nm (46 ft-lb)
box Steering shaft universal joint to steering 19 Nm (14 It-lb)
gearbox (replace bolt)
- Install center tie rod to pitman arm using a new self locking
Pilrnan nut. arm
5nz3zn588 - Connect harness connector for Servotronic electro-hydraulic
regulator
if necessary.
- Connect fluid hoses to steering gearbox. Use new sealing
washers at couplings and make sure not to overtorque banjo
bolts.
Tightening torques Hydraulic lines to steering gearbox (banjo bolts)
MI0 12 Nm (9 ft-lb)
- M14 35 Nm (26 ft-lb)
. M16 40 Nm (30 ft-lb)
MI8 45 Nm (33 it-lb)
Center tie rod to pitrnan arm 65 Nm (48 it-lb)
(use new self-loclting nut)
- Reconnect negative (-) battery cable.
- lnstall airbag unit. See 721 Airbag System (SRS).
- Fill and bleed power steering system as described earlier.

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Steering and Wheel Alignment
Pitman arm, adjusting
As the vehicle suspension settles down, the toe on the left
and right wheels must remain identical for proper handling.
By adjusting the height of the
pitman arm, the left and right tie
rods are moved to the same ride level setting. This will opti-
mize straight-ahead travel on uneven road surfaces.
- Raise front of car. Remove splash shield from under engine.
WARNING-
Male sure the car is iirmly supported on jack stands de-
signed ior the purpose. Place jack stands beneath structural
chassis points. Do not place
jaclc stands under suspension
parts.
- Remove bolts from left and right inner control arm mounts.
Place
BMW special tool 32 2 140 through right side control
arm mounting bolt hole.
Loosen fastener
A and push pin El up so that it is firmly
against tie rod
(arrow). Tighten fastener A.
- Remove tool without disturbing position of pin El.
- Loosen pitman arm clamping bolt and slide arm up.
4 Place special tool 32 2 140 through left side control arm
mounting bolt hole.
Slide
pitman arm up or down until tie rod makes contact
with pin
(El).
Tighten pitman arm clamping bolt.
Tie rod height differences
Deviation between
left and right tie rod height -?-I .5 rnrn (LO6 in)

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I Steering and Wheel Alignment
I I 4 Gap A = 0.5 - 8.5 mm (0.02 - 0.33 in)
- Reinstall inner control arm bolts
Tightening torques
Control arm to
subframe 78 Nm (58 it-lb)
(tighten with wheel on ground)
Pitman arm pinch bolt (note direction of threads) 61 Nm (45 ft-lb)
Steering idler arm, removing and installing
The idler arm is bolted to the subframe through a bushing.
The bushing is subject to wear and is available as a replace-
ment part.
- Raise front of car. Remove splash shield from under engine.
WARNING -
Male sure the car is firmly supported on jaclc stands de-
signed for the purpose. Place jack stands beneath structural
chassis points. Do not place jack stands under suspension
parts.
4 Remove center tie rod fastener and press tie rod out of idler
arm with
BMW special tool 32 1 190.
- Remove idler arm mounting bolt through opening in sub-
frame and remove idler arm from car.
- Installation is reverse of removal.
Make sure all thread bores, bolts, nuts and mating surfac-
es are clean.
Use new self
loclting nuts to mount idler arm to subframe
and center tie rod to idler arm.
If idler arm or idler arm bushing is replaced, adjust
pitman
arm as described earlier.
Have car professionally aligned.
Tightening torques
Center tie rod to idler arm 65 Nm (48 ft-ib)
(replace self-locking nut)
Idler arm to front subirame
(replace self-locking nut) 62
Nm (46 it-lb)

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320-34
I Steerins and Wheel Alignment
Front toe and toe difference angle
Toe is the difference in the distance between the front of the
front wheels and the rear of the front wheels. It is adjusted by
altering the length of the tie rods.
Toe difference angle determines the progressively different
paths taken by the front wheels as the car is turning. In
V-8
models, it is set by the pitman arm adjustment, but depends
on accurate setting of the toe.
Toe adjustments should only be made on specialized align-
ment equipment and only with the car in normal loaded posi-
tion, described below.
- Set front wheel toe at tie rod ends:
4 6-cylinder models: Loosen tie rod lock nut (A).
Adjust toe by turning inner tie rod (B) to change length
- V-8 models: Loosen left and right tie rod clamp bolts.
Adjust toe by turning inner tie rod to change length.
NOTE-
* Steering rack or steering gearbox can be centered by
aligning centering mark on steering shaft
with lug on steer-
ing rack.
To keep steering wheel centered, adjust both tie rods equal
amounts.
&cylinder models: Make sure the rubber boot on the rack
moves freely on the tie rod and does not become twisted.
Tightening torques
Tie rod clamp bolt
Tie rod collar
nut
27 Nm (20 ft-lb)
45 Nm (33 A-lb)
Rear toe
To adjust rear wheel toe, turn eccentric inner mounting bolt in
upper front control arm (traction strut).
NOTE-
Always adjust rear camber first.
- Before making toe adjustment, install new
mounting nut and tighten.
- Loosen nut one-half to one full turn.
4 Turn eccentric bolt (arrow) to adjust toe. rear
control arm

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330-5
Rear Suspension
REAR STRUTS AND SPRINGS
(SEDAN MODELS)
Rear strut assembly, removing and
installing
Replace struts and coil springs in pairs only.
- Raise car and remove rear wheels.
WARNING -
Male sure the car is firmly supported on jack stands de-
signed for the purpose. Place jack stands underneath struc-
tural chassis points. Do not place jack stands under
suspension parts.
- Remove rear parcel shelf:
Remove rear seat headrests by pulling straight up.
Remove both rear roof pillar (C-pillar) trim panels.
Unbolt rear seat
belt anchors. See 720 Seat Belts.
Models with fixed rear seat: Remove rear seat backrest.
See 520 Seats.
* Models with fold-down rear seat: Remove rear seat back-
rest side sections. See 520 Seats. Fold down backrest.
* Working inside trunk, remove roller blind mounting nuts
and bolts, if applicable. Also disconnect roller blind har-
ness connector at right edge of rear seat backrest.
Gently pry rear speaker cover grilles and rear window defog-
ger grilles
(A) out of parcel shelf.
Carefully remove seat belt and headrest mount finisher
strips (B).
Remove
middle seat headrest anchor bolts (C). Remove
headrest anchor.
Remove expansion rivets (arrows) and lift out parcel shelf.
- Remove rear speakers.
- Remove rear wheels. Remove wheel arch trim
- Support rear wheel bearing carrier.
CAUTION-
The strutassembly prevents the drive axle and wheel bearing
carrier
from dropping too far. Supporting the wheel bearing
carrierbefore disconnecting the strut mounting fasteners pre-
vents damage to the brake hose, parking brake cable and
drive axle
CV joints.

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330-6
Rear Suspension
4 Remove rear strut top cover. Remove upper strut mounting
nuts (arrows).
Remove strut assembly lower mounting bolt (arrow).
Disassemble strut and spring assembly as described below
in Rear strut assembly, disassembling and reassem-
bling.
Installation of assembly to car is reverse of removal, noting
the following:
Make sure all threaded bolts, nuts and mating surfaces are
clean.
Install strut assembly top mount using new self-loclting
nuts.
Malte sure long lower strut bushing fits in
hole in wheel
bearing carrier.
Tightening torques Strut to wheel bearing carrier 127 Nm (94
it-lb)
Strut mount to body
Gray fasteners 28 Nm (21 ft-lb)
Yellow fasteners 24 Nm
( 18 it-lb) -
Road wheel to hub 120ilO Nm (89i7ft-lb)