window BMW 540i 1998 E39 Repair Manual

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51 5-1 5
Central Locking and Anti-Theft
Any of these input requests to the GM activates the tailgate
latch motor. The
GM will also switch on the interior lights with
a tailgate unlock request.
The rearwindow is opened with the release switch on the rear
wiper arm cover. Pressing the switch signals the GM to acti-
vate the rear window release relay.
Sport Wagon tailgate and rear window lock
schematic
Inputs Outputs
"UiRWiNOOW ACTUATOR RELAY
RUiRWINDOW ACTUlimR A L
WIPERS

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51 5-1 6
Central Locking and Anti-Theft
DOOR HANDLES AND LOCKS
In the procedures that follow, door handle removal, door lock
cylinder removal and door latch removal are covered for the
left front door. Other doors are similar although simpler, due
to the
lack of lock cylinder.
Inside door release removal is covered in the procedure for
inner door
ane el removal. See 411 Doors.
Door handle (outer), removing and
installing
NOTE-
IfBMWspecial tools 51 3201 and51 3 203 are available, the
door handle can be removed without removing the door trim
panel or door
airbag. Use the access hole behind the rubber
sealing plug on the door edge.
- Close window on front door.
- Disconnect battery negative (-) cable.
CAUTlOG
Prior to disconnecting the batter)! read the battery discon-
nection cautions given
in 001 General Warnings and Cau-
tions.
Remove front door trim panel. See 411 Doors.
Remove door-mounted air bag. See 721
Airbag System
(SRS).
Remove rubber sealing plug (arrow) from door edge
NOTE-
In the photo below, door handle and lock cylinder carrier are
shown on the work bench for clarity.
Working inside door cavity:
- Use long thin screwdriver to release locking tab A. Push
screwdriver through hole for rubber sealing plug.
Slide locking plate
B toward front of door.
Working on outside of door, lift out lower edge of handle and
pull down to remove.
Installation is reverse of removal,
Tightening torques
Airbag to door (replace screws) 8.5 Nrn (75 in-lb)

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Central Locking and ~nti-~heel
Door latch, removing and installing
- Close window on subject door and open all other windows.
- Disconnect battery negative (-) cable
CAUTION-
Prior to disconnecting the batterl: read the battery discon-
nection cautions given in
001 General Warnings and Cau-
tions.
- Remove door trim panel. See 411 Doors.
- Remove air bag. See 721 Airbag System (SRS).
- Remove outer door handle. See Door handle (outer), re-
moving and installing.
< Working inside door cavity, release loclting tabs (arrows)
and open protective cover.
Pull down on electrical harness connector (arrow) to re-
lease.
< Working inside door cavity, next to outside door sltin:
Disconnect door lock cylinder Bowden cable from latch as-
sembly arm
(A) and support (B).
Disconnect microswitch connector (arrow).

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51 5-1 8
I Central Locking and Anti-Theft
< Working at outer door edge:
Disconnect inside door release
Bowden cable guide by
sliding mounting clip (A) forward.
Remove latch mounting fasteners
(B) and (C) and remove
latch.
NOTE-
In the photo below, door handle assembly and latch assem-
bly are shown removed from the car
for clarity.
Installation: Slide latch into position in door making sure that
cross-shaped tip of door
loclc cylinder mechanism fits cor-
rectly into corresponding opening in latch mechanism (in-
set).
Remainder of installation is reverse of removal. Operate
loclc
using key before installing door trim panel.
Tightening torques
Airbag to door (replace screws) 8.5 Nm (75 in-lb)
Outer door lock cylinder, removing and
installing
- Close window on subject door. Open all other windows
- Disconnect battery negative (-) cable.
CA UTIOIG
Prior to disconnecting the baffeg read the battery discon-
nection cautions given in
001 General Warnings and Cau-
tions.
- Remove door trim panel. See 411 Doors.
- Remove door air bag. See 721 Airbag System (SRS).
- Remove outer door handle. See Door handle (outer), re-
moving and installing.
- Remove door latch. See Door latch, removing and install-
ing.

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51 5-24
l~entral Locking and Anti-Theft
ANTI-THEFT SYSTEM (DWA)
When the anti-then system (DWA) is armed, the doors, hood,
windows, trunk lid or tailgate are monitored against forcible
entry by switches and sensors. The vehicle is protected
against being jacked up or towed away by a tilt sensor.
The control electronics for DWA are integrated in the General
Module (GM). In addition to the control electronics, the sys-
tem includes the following components.
* DWA horn
DWA LED indicator
- Tilt sensor
- Monitoring switches and sensors
The system can be armed or disarmed from the driver's door
lock,
trunklid lock, tailgate lockorthe remote transmitter (FZV
Itey). When armed, the alarm horn
soundsfor30seconds and
the low beam headlights and turn signals flash for
5 minutes.
The electronic immobilizer (EWS) is also activated when
DWA is activated.
The alarm is switched off immediately if key is inserted in door
loclt or FZV key button is used.
DWA LED Status
The DWA status LED is located in the rear view mirror (ar-
row). When DWA is armed, the LED flashes slowly to indi-
cate armed status.
The LED and exterior lights flash once and the alarm horn
sounds when the system is successfully armed ordisarmed.
The LED will continue to flash slowly denoting the armed sta-
tus. If any monitored input is not closed when the system is
armed, the LED will flash rapidly for
10 seconds to indicate
the fault.
Tilt sensor
-
4 The tilt sensor, located on the left side of trunlt or cargo com- -
partment, consists of a conductive liquid chamber, a proces-
sor board and metal probes. The probes are submersed in
the liquid and produce a resistance value dependent on the
tilt of the sensor (angle of the vehicle). This resistance be-
comes the reference value when the DWA system is armed.
.-

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51 5-25
Central Lockina and ~nti-~heftl
1
Tilt sensor operation:
1. DWA armed, vehicle level. Tilt sensor sends HlGH sig-
nal to General Module (GM).
2. DWA armed, vehicle tilted. The fluid moves in sensor,
changing resistance value.
HlGH signal changes to
LOW signal. GM activates alarm.
If the vehicle is jacked up or lifted in any way, the angle of the
liquid changes, producing a change in the resistance value.
The sensor signals the GM to activate the DWA alarm. The
sensor resets at the new angle.
This allows the DWA system
to remain armed and to reactivate the alarm if tlie vehicle is
moved again
Locking the vehicle twice within a few seconds will deactivate
the tilt alarm sensor while arming tlie remainder of the sys-
tem. This allows the vehicle to be transported in an armed
state without activating tlie alarm.
Interior protection
The interior motion sensor is mounted in the center of the
headliner panel. Due to the design of the vehicle interior, the
sensor must be installed in the correct direction to ensure
proper operation of the system.
lnterior sensor FIS (1997 - 1999 models)
4 When the alarm system is armed, the FIS sensor emits elec-
tromagnetic waves at
a frequency of 2.45 GHz. As long as
nothing is moving in the vehicle, the waves are reflected
baclc
to the sensor at the same frequency. If a foreign object enters
the vehicle, the frequency of the reflected signal changes.
The sensor detects the changed frequency and triggers the
alarm.
Every time the DWA system is armed, the sensor adapts to
whatever objects might be stationary in the interior. This al-
lows pacltages or objects to be left inside tlie car without ef-
fecting the operation of the system. The sensitivity of the
sensor is set so that the moving object must be at least as
large as a bumble bee. This prevents a false alarm from oc-
curring if a small insect is caught in the vehicle.
FIS is switched off when the vehicle is locked two times within
ten seconds. The DWA LED will flash one time for confirma-
tion. This allows the sensor to be switched off to avoid false
alarms when the windows are left open for venting.

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51 5-26
Central Locking and Anti-Theft
Interior sensor UIS (2000 and later models)
The
UIS system uses ultrasonic sound waves instead of elec-
tromagnetic waves. Ultrasonic sound waves are less suscep-
tible to magnetic interference.
Every time the DWA system is armed, the sensor adapts to
whatever objects might be stationary in the interior. The sen-
sor emits ultrasonic waves in a programmed timed cycle. It re-
ceives echoes of the emitted waves. The
UIS amplifies the
received sound wave signals and compares them to the ech-
oes of the transmitted waves. The
UIS also checits the incom-
ing echoes for background hiss (wind noise through a
partially open window) and adapts for this.
If the echoes are consistently similar, no movement is de-
tected.
If the echoes are altered, (inconsistent), the UIS deter-
mines motion in the interior compartment.
If motion is detected, the
UIS changes to a constant cycle
and the echo is compared again.
If the inconsistency is still present the
UIS sends the acti-
vate siren signal to the GM.
Glass breakage sensors
The doorwindows are monitored by inductive sensors mount-
ed on the inside of the door behind the trim panel. A closed
window is recognized by a magnetic plate
on the glass lining
up with the sensor. If the glass is broken, the plate falls away
and the signal from the sensor changes. This causes the GM
to activate the alarm.
Emergency disarming
- An emergency procedure is provided to cancel the DWA in
the event that a fault occurs within the system. The procedure
is as follows:
Driver's door mechanically
unloclted and open within 30
seconds. This will cause triggering of alarm.
All doors closed.
Ignition switch turned to
KL R (ACCESSORY). LED indica-
tor will come on.
- After 10 minutes, alarm is disarmed

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WARNING
Your common sense, good
judgement, and general alertness are
crucial lo sale and
successlul service
work. Belore attempling any work on
your BMW, be sure to read 001
General Warnings and Cautions
and lhe copyright page
a1 llle Iron1 01
the manual. Review lliese warnings
and cautions each time you prepare
lo work on your
BMW Please also
read any warnings and
caulions lhal
accompany the procedures In !he
manual.
Component locations
see Electrical system
Compression test
113-5
Compressor see
AlC
Condenser see
AlC
Constant velocity (CV) joint
see Maintenance
see also
Driveshall
see also Drive axles
Consumer cutoff
600-10
Control arm see Front suspension
see also Rear suspension,
suspension arms
Coolant (antifreeze) see Maintenance
see also Cooling system
Coolant pump
see Cooling system Cooling system
coolant bleeding
170-14 6-cylinder engine, draininglfilling
170-10
V-8 engine, draininglfilling 170-12
coolant pump 170-3
6-cyiinder engine, replacing 170-1 9
V-8 engine, replacing 170-20 cooling fan 170-4
viscous ciutch fan, removingi
installing 170-14
electric fan, removlngiinstailing 170-1 5
expansion tank, removinglinstalling
170-22
electrically heated (ciiaracterislic
map) therrnostat 170-4
radiator, removinglinstaliing 170-22
service
see Maintenance
therrnostat 170-16
transmission fluid heat exchanger
170-5 troubleshooting 170-7
combuslion leal( test 170-10
pressure test
170-9
Crankshaft oil seals
iront
117-6
rear 11 9-6
Crankshaft speed sensor
see Ignition syslem
Crash sensor
see
Airbag system (SRS), side-impact
airbag crasii sensor
Cruise control clutch switch 612-9
CV joint
see Maintenance
see also Driveshalt
see also Drive axles
CV joint boot
see Maintenance
see also Drive axles
Cylinder head removinglinslaliing
M52 engine 113-8
M52 TU / M54 engine 113-22
M62 engine 113-56
Cylinder head and valvetrain
hydraulic lifters, checking and
replacing
116-7 leak test 116-5 valves 11 6-56
see
alsocylinder head Dashboard
513-7
Deck
lid
seeTrunk lid
Diagnostic monitors
OED-4
Diagnostic trouble codes
(DTCs)
080-7
Digital multimetel
010-17
Differential see Final drive
DLC (data
link connector) 020-4, OED-4
DME (digital motor electronics)
see
130 under appropriate fuel
injection system
see also ignition system
DM-TL (detection module-tank leak)
see
Fuel lank, leak deteclion unit
Drive
belts
see Maintenance
Dome light
seeLighls, interior lights
Door
door
check, replacing 411-4
hinge adjustment 41 1-5
loci(
see Door lock see also Central locking
removinglinslaliing 41
1-2
panel, removinglinstaliing 41 1-7 window
see Door window
Door
check
see Door
Door
handle
see Door lock
Door glass
see Door window
Door
lock
handles and loci(s 515-16
see also Central locking
Door
molding
510-13
Door panel see Door

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4 INDEX
Door window anti-trap
512-4 convenience openinglclosing 512.4
regulator and motor 512-1 1
service
512-5 switches 512-3
see also Switches
Double
VANOS see VANOS
Drive
axle
CV joint 331-15 CV joint boot 331-15
rernovinglinstalling 331-14
Drive belt
see Maintenance
Driveabiiity troubleshooting
100-4
Driveaway protection
see EWS (eiectronic immobilization)
Driveshaft aligning
260-7
center bearing, replacing 260-12 CV joint, replacing 260-14
itex-disc, replacing 260-1 1
iront centering guide, replacing 260-13
rernovinglinstailing 260-6
lroubleshooting 260-3
U-joint 260-3
DSC
see Braires
DTC (diagnostic trouble code)
OBD-8
DWA
see Anti-theft alarm
ECM (engine control module)
see 130 under appropriate
iuei
injection system
ECT (engine coolant temperature)
sensor see 130 under appropriate
iuei
injection system
EDK adaptation
130-69
MS 43.0 130-35
EHC see Electronic iieigiit control (EHC)
Electric cooling fan
see Cooling system, cooling
fan
see also Cooiing system, eiectric fan
Electrical switches
see Switches
Electrical system abbreviations
600-14 bus System 600-4
component location table 610-3
components
photos
610-36
Sport Wagon 610-81 engine 121-2
troubleshooting 600-15
voltage and polarily 600-5 wire color codes 600-12
wiring diagrams 600-12
Electrical wiring diagrams
ELE-1
Eiectricaliy heated thermostat
(characteristic map)
170-4
Eiectronic height control (EHC)
300-8, 330-44
Eiectronic immobilization
see EWS (electronic immobilization)
Eiectronics box
(E-box)
610-37
Emergencies
010-18
Emergency brake see
BraBes, parking brake Engine
see also Cylinder head and valvetrain
applications
100-2
compression, testing 113-5
cooling see Cooiing system
crankshaft front oil seai
see Crankshaft oil seals
cyiinder leak-down test 113-8
diagnostic testing 113-1
drive belts
see Maintenance
driveability troubleshooting
100-4
engine management systems 100-2
see also Ignition
see also Fuel injection
fuel supply
130-6
ground connections 100-5
see also 61 0 identilying ieatures 100-3
lubrication svstem
see
~ubricetion system
mount
on-board diagnostics
OBD-I
oxygensensor
see Fuel injection
see also Exhaust system
Dreventive maintenance
see Maintenance
removal/installation
Engine control module (ECM)
see 130 under appropriate iuel
injection system
Engine cooiant temperature (ECT)
sensor see 130 under appropriate iuel
injection
system
Engine cooling fan
see Cooiing system, electric fan
Engine hood
41
0-6 raising to service position 410-6
Engine troubleshooting
see Engine, driveability troubleshooting
EVa~oratiVe control svstem
160-3 see also 130 under aDDroDriate iuel
injection system
Evaporator see
NC
Evaporator temperature sensor see
NC

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Gaskets and seals 01
0-9
Gearshift automatic transmission
adjusting
250-7
shift interiock. checkino function " 250-9
shiftloclc. checicino function 250-8 - manual transmission
gearshift lever, removingiinstalling
250-5
steptronic 250-7
General module (GM Ill)
600-8
see also Central locking
Generator see Battery, starter, alternator
Glass see Door window
Glove compartment
513-16
see also
Global positioning system
(GPS)
620-9
Grill
see Exterior trim
Grounds
100-5
Guide link
see Rear suspension, suspension
arms
Halogen headlight
630-5
Hand brake
see Brakes, pariring brake
Handle, door
see Door
locks
Hatch seeTailgate
Hazard warning switch
see Switches Headlight
housing trim
see Exterior trim
washer611-17 see also Lights
Headlight spray
nozzle
611-17
Headlight switch
see Switches
Heater core
see Heating
Heater valve
see Heating
Heating lieater core, replacing
640-18
lheater core temperature sensor,
removingiinstalling
640-12 heater valve, replacing 640-17
IHKA housing, removinglinstallin~
640-21
see also NC
Hood
410-6
Hood latch and release
410-10
Hydraulic valve lifters
see Cylinder head and valvetrain
IAT
(lntalce air temperature) sensor
see 130
under appropriate fuel
injection system
idle speed control valve
see 130
under appropriate fuel injection system
Idle stabilizer
see 130
under appropriate fuel
injection system, idie speed controi
valve
idler arm
320-30
lgnition coll
see lgnition system
lgnition interlock
320-13
lgnition lock cylinder
removingiinstalling
320-1 1. 612-4
lgnition switch
seeSwifches
Ignition system
diagnosis checking for
spark 120-10
disabling ignition system 120-10 misfire detection 120-6
oscilioscope diagrams 120.6
troubleshooting 120-6
camshaft position sensors 120-14 coils 120.10
crankshaft speed sensor 120-12 firing order 120-9
knoclc sensors 120-16
IHKA
see NC
IHKR see NC
Injector
see 130 under appropriate
fuel
injection system, luel injector
Input shaft
oil seal
see Manual transmission, oil seals
Inspection
see Maintenance
Instruments GPS see Global positioning system
(GPSI layout 6202
removingiinstalling 620-8 self-testing 620-6
Intake air temperature sensor (IAT)
see 130 under appropriate fuel
injection system
Intake manifold
removingiinstalling
6-cvlinder enoine 110-10. 113-8. 113-22 -
V-8 engine (M62) 113-56
Integral link
see Rear suspension, suspension
arms
lnterior lights
see Lights
lnterior protection
(FISIUIS) 515-25
lnterior trim
513-13
lnterior ventilation microfilter see
NC, ventilation microfiller