flat tire CADILLAC ESCALADE ESV 2010 User Guide

Black plate (35,1)Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2010
Example 3
Item Description Total
A Vehicle Capacity
Weight for
Example 3 = 1,000 lbs
(453 kg)
B Subtract Occupant
Weight @ 200 lbs
(91 kg) × 5 = 1,000 lbs
(453 kg)
C Available Cargo
Weight = 0 lbs (0 kg)
Refer to your vehicle's tire and loading information
label for specific information about your vehicle's
capacity weight and seating positions. The combined weight of the driver, passengers,
and cargo should never exceed your vehicle's
capacity weight.
Certification/Tire Label
A vehicle specific Certification/Tire label is
attached to the rear edge of the driver's door.
The label shows the size of your vehicle's original
tires and the inflation pressures needed to obtain
the gross weight capacity of your vehicle. This is
called Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR).
The GVWR includes the weight of the vehicle,
all occupants, fuel, and cargo.
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Black plate (46,1)Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2010
Trailering may be limited by the vehicle's ability to carry
tongue weight. Tongue or kingpin weight cannot cause
the vehicle to exceed the GVWR (Gross Vehicle Weight
Rating) or the RGAWR (Rear Gross Axle Weight
Rating). See “ Total Weight on the Vehicle's Tires ” later
in this section for more information.
After loading the trailer, weigh the trailer and then the
tongue, separately, to see if the weights are proper.
If they are not, adjustments might be made by moving
some items around in the trailer.
Total Weight on the Vehicle's Tires Be sure the vehicle's tires are inflated to the inflation
pressures found on the Certification label on the driver
door or see Loading the Vehicle
on page 6 ‑ 32 for more
information. Make sure not to exceed the GVWR limit
for the vehicle, or the RGAWR, with the tow vehicle and
trailer fully loaded for the trip including the weight of the
trailer tongue. If using a weight distributing hitch, make
sure not to exceed the RGAWR before applying the
weight distribution spring bars. Weight of the Trailering Combination It is important that the combination of the tow
vehicle and trailer does not exceed any of its weight
ratings — GCWR, GVWR, RGAWR, Trailer Weight
Rating or Tongue Weight. The only way to be sure it is
not exceeding any of these ratings is to weigh the tow
vehicle and trailer combination, fully loaded for the trip,
getting individual weights for each of these items.
Hitches The correct hitch equipment helps maintain combination
control. Most small-to-medium trailers can be towed
with a weight carrying hitch which simply features a
coupler latched to the hitch ball. Larger trailers may
require a weight distributing hitch that uses spring bars
to distribute the trailer tongue weight among the two
vehicle and trailer axles. See “ Weight of the Trailer
Tongue ” earlier in this section for rating limits with
various hitch types.
If a step-bumper hitch will be used, the bumper could
be damaged in sharp turns. Make sure there is ample
room when turning to avoid contact between the trailer
and the bumper.
Consider using sway controls with any trailer. Ask a
trailering professional about sway controls or refer to
the trailer manufacturer's recommendations and
instructions.
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Black plate (2,1)Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2010
Section 7 Service and Appearance CareWindshield Wiper Blade Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . 7-57
Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-58
Tire Sidewall Labeling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-60
Tire Terminology and Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-62
Inflation - Tire Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-65
High-Speed Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-66
Tire Pressure Monitor System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-67
Tire Pressure Monitor Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-68
Tire Inspection and Rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-71
When It Is Time for New Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-73
Buying New Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-73
Different Size Tires and Wheels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-75
Uniform Tire Quality Grading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-76
Wheel Alignment and Tire Balance . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-77
Wheel Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-77
Tire Chains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-78
If a Tire Goes Flat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-79
Changing a Flat Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-80
Removing the Spare Tire and Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-81
Removing the Flat Tire and Installing the
Spare Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-86
Secondary Latch System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-91
Storing a Flat or Spare Tire and Tools . . . . . . . . . 7-94
Spare Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-98 Appearance Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-99
Interior Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-99
Fabric/Carpet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-100
Leather . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-101
Instrument Panel, Vinyl, and Other Plastic
Surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-102
Wood Panels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-102
Speaker Covers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-102
Care of Safety Belts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-103
Weatherstrips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-103
Washing Your Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-103
Cleaning Exterior Lamps/Lenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-104
Finish Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-104
Windshield, Backglass, and Wiper Blades . . . . 7-105
Aluminum or Chrome-Plated Wheels
and Trim . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-106
Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-107
Sheet Metal Damage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-107
Finish Damage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-107
Underbody Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-107
Chemical Paint Spotting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-108
Vehicle Identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-108
Vehicle Identification Number (VIN) . . . . . . . . . . . 7-108
Service Parts Identification Label . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7-109
7-2

Black plate (52,1)Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2010
Headlamp Aiming The vehicle has a visual optical headlamp aiming
system. The aim of the headlamps have been preset at
the factory and should need no further adjustment.
However, if the vehicle is damaged in a crash, the aim
of the headlamps may be affected and adjustment may
be necessary.
If oncoming vehicles flash their high beams at you, this
may mean the vertical aim of your headlamps needs to
be adjusted.
It is recommended that the vehicle is taken to your
dealer for service if the headlamps need to be adjusted.
It is possible however, to re-aim the headlamps as
described.
The vehicle should: .
Be placed so the headlamps are 25 ft. (7.6 m) from
a light colored wall or other flat surface. .
Have all four tires on a level surface which is level
all the way to the wall or other flat surface. .
Be placed so it is perpendicular to the wall or other
flat surface. .
Not have any snow, ice, or mud on it. .
Be fully assembled and all other work stopped
while headlamp aiming is being performed. .
Be normally loaded with a full tank of fuel and one
person or 160 lbs (75 kg) sitting on the driver seat. .
Have the tires properly inflated. .
Have the spare tire is in its proper location in the
vehicle.
Headlamp aiming is done with the vehicle's low-beam
headlamps. The high-beam headlamps will be correctly
aimed if the low-beam headlamps are aimed properly.
To adjust the vertical aim:
1. Open the hood. See Hood Release
on page 7 ‑ 15
for more information.
2. Locate the center of
the projector lens of
the low ‐ beam
headlamp.
3. Record the distance from the ground to the center
of the projector lens of the low ‐ beam headlamp.
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Black plate (59,1)Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2010
{ WARNING: .
Poorly maintained and improperly used
tires are dangerous. .
Overloading your tires can cause
overheating as a result of too much
flexing. You could have an air-out and a
serious accident. See Loading the Vehicle
on page 6 ‑ 32 ..
Underinflated tires pose the same danger
as overloaded tires. The resulting
accident could cause serious injury.
Check all tires frequently to maintain the
recommended pressure. Tire pressure
should be checked when your tires are
cold. See Inflation - Tire Pressure
on
page 7 ‑ 65
. (Continued)WARNING: (Continued) .
Overinflated tires are more likely to be
cut, punctured, or broken by a sudden
impact — such as when you hit a
pothole. Keep tires at the recommended
pressure. .
Worn, old tires can cause accidents.
If your tread is badly worn, or if your tires
have been damaged, replace them.
See High-Speed Operation
on page 7 ‑ 66 for
inflation pressure adjustment for high speed
driving.
22 ‐ Inch Tires If your vehicle has the optional 22 ‐ inch
P285/45R22 size tires, they are classified as
touring tires and are designed for on ‐ road use.
The
low ‐ profile, wide tread design is not recommended
for off ‐ road driving. See Off-Road Driving
on
page 6 ‑ 13
, for additional information.
7-59

Black plate (61,1)Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2010
(G) Maximum Cold Inflation Load Limit :
Maximum load that can be carried and the
maximum pressure needed to support that load.
For information on recommended tire pressure
see Inflation - Tire Pressure
on page 7 ‑ 65 and
Loading the Vehicle
on page 6 ‑ 32 .
Tire Size The following examples show the different parts of
a tire size.
Passenger (P ‐ Metric) Tire
(A) Passenger (P ‐ Metric) Tire :
The United States
version of a metric tire sizing system. The letter P
as the first character in the tire size means a
passenger vehicle tire engineered to standards
set by the U.S. Tire and Rim Association. (B) Tire Width :
The three ‐ digit number indicates
the tire section width in millimeters from sidewall
to sidewall.
(C) Aspect Ratio :
A two ‐ digit number that
indicates the tire height ‐ to ‐ width measurements.
For example, if the tire size aspect ratio is 75, as
shown in item C of the light truck (LT ‐ Metric) tire
illustration, it would mean that the tire's sidewall is
75% as high as it is wide.
(D) Construction Code :
A letter code is used to
indicate the type of ply construction in the tire.
The letter R means radial ply construction; the
letter D means diagonal or bias ply construction;
and the letter B means belted ‐ bias ply
construction.
(E) Rim Diameter :
Diameter of the wheel in
inches.
(F) Service Description :
These characters
represent the load index and speed rating of the
tire. The load index represents the load carry
capacity a tire is certified to carry. The speed
rating is the maximum speed a tire is certified to
carry a load.
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Black plate (62,1)Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2010
Tire Terminology and Definitions Air Pressure :
The amount of air inside the tire
pressing outward on each square inch of the tire.
Air pressure is expressed in pounds per square
inch (psi) or kilopascal (kPa).
Accessory Weight :
This means the combined
weight of optional accessories. Some examples of
optional accessories are, automatic transmission,
power steering, power brakes, power windows,
power seats, and air conditioning.
Aspect Ratio :
The relationship of a tire's height to
its width.
Belt :
A rubber coated layer of cords that is
located between the plies and the tread. Cords
may be made from steel or other reinforcing
materials.
Bead :
The tire bead contains steel wires wrapped
by steel cords that hold the tire onto the rim.
Bias Ply Tire :
A pneumatic tire in which the plies
are laid at alternate angles less than 90 degrees
to the centerline of the tread. Cold Tire Pressure :
The amount of air pressure
in a tire, measured in pounds per square inch (psi)
or kilopascals (kPa) before a tire has built up heat
from driving. See Inflation - Tire Pressure
on
page 7 ‑ 65
.
Curb Weight :
The weight of a motor vehicle with
standard and optional equipment including the
maximum capacity of fuel, oil, and coolant, but
without passengers and cargo.
DOT Markings :
A code molded into the sidewall
of a tire signifying that the tire is in compliance
with the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT)
motor vehicle safety standards. The DOT code
includes the Tire Identification Number (TIN), an
alphanumeric designator which can also identify
the tire manufacturer, production plant, brand, and
date of production.
GVWR :
Gross Vehicle Weight Rating.
See Loading the Vehicle
on page 6 ‑ 32 .
GAWR FRT :
Gross Axle Weight Rating for the
front axle. See Loading the Vehicle on page 6 ‑ 32 .
GAWR RR :
Gross Axle Weight Rating for the rear
axle. See Loading the Vehicle
on page 6 ‑ 32 .
7-62

Black plate (63,1)Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2010
Intended Outboard Sidewall :
The side of an
asymmetrical tire, that must always face outward
when mounted on a vehicle.
Kilopascal (kPa) :
The metric unit for air pressure.
Light Truck (LT ‐ Metric) Tire :
A tire used on light
duty trucks and some multipurpose passenger
vehicles.
Load Index :
An assigned number ranging from
1 to 279 that corresponds to the load carrying
capacity of a tire.
Maximum Inflation Pressure :
The maximum
air pressure to which a cold tire can be inflated.
The maximum air pressure is molded onto the
sidewall.
Maximum Load Rating :
The load rating for a tire
at the maximum permissible inflation pressure for
that tire.
Maximum Loaded Vehicle Weight :
The sum of
curb weight, accessory weight, vehicle capacity
weight, and production options weight.
Normal Occupant Weight :
The number of
occupants a vehicle is designed to seat multiplied
by 150 lbs (68 kg). See Loading the Vehicle
on
page 6 ‑ 32 . Occupant Distribution :
Designated seating
positions.
Outward Facing Sidewall :
The side of an
asymmetrical tire that has a particular side that
faces outward when mounted on a vehicle.
The side of the tire that contains a whitewall,
bears white lettering, or bears manufacturer,
brand, and/or model name molding that is higher
or deeper than the same moldings on the other
sidewall of the tire.
Passenger (P-Metric) Tire :
A tire used on
passenger cars and some light duty trucks and
multipurpose vehicles.
Recommended Inflation Pressure :
Vehicle
manufacturer's recommended tire inflation
pressure as shown on the tire placard. See
Inflation - Tire Pressure
on page 7 ‑ 65 and Loading
the Vehicle
on page 6 ‑ 32 .
Radial Ply Tire :
A pneumatic tire in which the
ply cords that extend to the beads are laid at
90 degrees to the centerline of the tread.
Rim :
A metal support for a tire and upon which
the tire beads are seated.
Sidewall :
The portion of a tire between the tread
and the bead.
7-63

Black plate (64,1)Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2010
Speed Rating :
An alphanumeric code assigned
to a tire indicating the maximum speed at which a
tire can operate.
Traction :
The friction between the tire and the
road surface. The amount of grip provided.
Tread :
The portion of a tire that comes into
contact with the road.
Treadwear Indicators :
Narrow bands, sometimes
called wear bars, that show across the tread of a
tire when only 1/16 inch (1.6 mm) of tread
remains. See When It Is Time for New Tires
on
page 7 ‑ 73
.
UTQGS (Uniform Tire Quality Grading
Standards) :
A tire information system that
provides consumers with ratings for a tire's
traction, temperature, and treadwear. Ratings
are determined by tire manufacturers using
government testing procedures. The ratings are
molded into the sidewall of the tire. See Uniform
Tire Quality Grading
on page 7 ‑ 76 . Vehicle Capacity Weight :
The number of
designated seating positions multiplied by 150 lbs
(68 kg) plus the rated cargo load. See Loading the
Vehicle
on page 6 ‑ 32 .
Vehicle Maximum Load on the Tire :
Load on
an individual tire due to curb weight, accessory
weight, occupant weight, and cargo weight.
Vehicle Placard :
A label permanently attached to
a vehicle showing the vehicle's capacity weight
and the original equipment tire size and
recommended inflation pressure. See “ Tire and
Loading Information Label ” under Loading the
Vehicle
on page 6 ‑ 32 .
7-64

Black plate (65,1)Cadillac Escalade/Escalade ESV Owner Manual - 2010
Inflation - Tire Pressure If your vehicle is a Two-mode Hybrid, see the
Two-mode Hybrid manual for more information.
Tires need the correct amount of air pressure to
operate effectively. Notice:
Do not let anyone tell you that
under ‐ inflation or over ‐ inflation is all right.
It is not. If your tires do not have enough air
(under ‐ inflation), you can get the following: .
Too much flexing .
Too much heat .
Tire overloading .
Premature or irregular wear .
Poor handling .
Reduced fuel economy
If your tires have too much air (over ‐ inflation),
you can get the following: .
Unusual wear .
Poor handling .
Rough ride .
Needless damage from road hazards A vehicle specific Tire and Loading Information
label is attached to your vehicle. This label shows
your vehicle's original equipment tires and the
correct inflation pressures for your tires when they
are cold. The recommended cold tire inflation
pressure, shown on the label, is the minimum
amount of air pressure needed to support your
vehicle's maximum load carrying capacity.
For additional information regarding how much
weight your vehicle can carry, and an example of
the Tire and Loading Information label, see
Loading the Vehicle
on page 6 ‑ 32 . How you load
your vehicle affects vehicle handling and ride
comfort. Never load your vehicle with more weight
than it was designed to carry.
When to Check Check your tires once a month or more.
Do not forget to check the pressure of the spare
tire. See Spare Tire on page 7 ‑ 98 for additional
information.
7-65