washer fluid CADILLAC XT5 2022 User Guide

Cadillac XT5 Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
15227431) - 2022 - CRC - 8/11/21
370 VEHICLE CARE
Appearance Care
Exterior Care
Locks
Locks are lubricated at the factory.
Use a de-icing agent only when
absolutely necessary, and have the
locks greased after using. See
Recommended Fluids and Lubricants
0389.
Washing the Vehicle
To preserve the vehicle's finish, wash
it often and out of direct sunlight.
Caution
Do not use petroleum-based, acidic,
or abrasive cleaning agents as they
can damage the vehicle's paint,
metal, or plastic parts. If damage
occurs, it would not be covered by
the vehicle warranty. Approved
cleaning products can be obtained
from your dealer. Follow all
manufacturer directions regarding
correct product usage, necessary
(Continued)
Caution (Continued)
safety precautions, and appropriate
disposal of any vehicle care
product.
Caution
Avoid using high-pressure washes
closer than 30 cm (12 in) to the
surface of the vehicle. Use of power
washers exceeding 8 274 kPa
(1,200 psi) can result in damage or
removal of paint and decals.
If using an automatic car wash, follow
the car wash instructions. The
windshield wiper and rear window
wiper, if equipped, must be off.
Remove any accessories that may be
damaged or interfere with the car
wash equipment.
Rinse the vehicle well, before washing
and after, to remove all cleaning
agents completely. If they are allowed
to dry on the surface, they could stain. Dry the finish with a soft, clean
chamois or an all-cotton towel to
avoid surface scratches and water
spotting.
Cleaning Underhood Components
Caution
Do not power wash any component
under the hood that has this
e
symbol.
This could cause damage that
would not be covered by the vehicle
warranty.
Solvents or aggressive cleaners may
harm underhood components. The
usages of these chemicals should be
avoided.
Recommend water only.
A pressure washer may be used, but
care must be utilized. The following
criteria must be followed:
.Water pressure must be kept below
14,000 KPa (2,000 PSI).
.Water temperature must be below
80 °C (180 °F).

Cadillac XT5 Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
15227431) - 2022 - CRC - 8/11/21
372 VEHICLE CARE
decals, and stripes. Follow instructions
under "Washing the Vehicle"
previously in this section.
Lamp covers are made of plastic, and
some have a UV protective coating. Do
not clean or wipe them when dry.
Do not use any of the following on
lamp covers:
.Abrasive or caustic agents.
.Washer fluids and other cleaning
agents in higher concentrations
than suggested by the manufacturer.
.Solvents, alcohols, fuels, or other
harsh cleaners.
.Ice scrapers or other hard items.
.Aftermarket appearance caps or
covers while the lamps are
illuminated, due to excessive heat
generated.
Caution
Failure to clean lamps properly can
cause damage to the lamp cover
that would not be covered by the
vehicle warranty.
Caution
Using wax on low gloss black finish
stripes can increase the gloss level
and create a non-uniform finish.
Clean low gloss stripes with soap
and water only.
Air Intakes
Clear debris from the air intakes,
between the hood and windshield,
when washing the vehicle.
Shutter System
The vehicle may have a shutter
system designed to help improve fuel
economy. Keep the shutter systemclear of debris, snow and ice. If the
check engine light is activated, please
check to see if the shutter system is
clear of debris, snow or ice.
Windshield and Wiper Blades
Clean the outside of the windshield
with glass cleaner.
Clean rubber blades using a lint-free
cloth or paper towel soaked with
windshield washer fluid or a mild
detergent. Wash the windshield
thoroughly when cleaning the blades.
Bugs, road grime, sap, and a buildup
of vehicle wash/wax treatments may
cause wiper streaking.
Replace the wiper blades if they are
worn or damaged. Damage can be
caused by extreme dusty conditions,
sand, salt, heat, sun, snow, and ice.
Weatherstrips
Apply weatherstrip lubricant on
weatherstrips to make them last
longer, seal better, and not stick or
squeak. Lubricate weatherstrips at
least once a year. Hot, dry climates
may require more frequent
application. Black marks from rubber

Cadillac XT5 Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
15227431) - 2022 - CRC - 8/11/21
380 SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE
keep the vehicle in good working
condition, improves fuel economy, and
reduces vehicle emissions.
Because of the way people use
vehicles, maintenance needs vary.
There may need to be more frequent
checks and services. The Additional
Required Services - Normal are for
vehicles that:
.Carry passengers and cargo within
recommended limits on the Tire
and Loading Information label. See
Vehicle Load Limits0220.
.Are driven on reasonable road
surfaces within legal driving limits.
.Use the recommended fuel. See
Recommended Fuel (2.0L L4 Engine)
0279 or
Recommended Fuel (3.6L V6 Engine)
0 280.
Refer to the information in the
Maintenance Schedule Additional
Required Services - Normal chart.
The Additional Required Services -
Severe are for vehicles that are:
.Mainly driven in heavy city traffic
in hot weather.
.Mainly driven in hilly or
mountainous terrain.
.Frequently towing a trailer.
.Used for high speed or competitive
driving.
.Used for taxi, police, or delivery
service.
Refer to the information in the
Maintenance Schedule Additional
Required Services - Severe chart.
{Warning
Performing maintenance work can
be dangerous and can cause serious
injury. Perform maintenance work
only if the required information,
proper tools, and equipment are
available. If they are not, see your
dealer to have a trained technician
do the work. See Doing Your Own
Service Work 0298.
Maintenance Schedule
Owner Checks and Services
Check the engine oil level. See Engine
Oil 0303. Once a Month
.Check the tire inflation pressures.
See
Tire Pressure 0337.
.Inspect the tires for wear. See Tire
Inspection 0343.
.Check the windshield washer fluid
level. See Washer Fluid 0313.
Engine Oil Change
When the CHANGE ENGINE OIL
SOON message displays, have the
engine oil and filter changed within
the next 1 000 km (600 mi). If driven
under the best conditions, the engine
oil life system may not indicate the
need for vehicle service for up to a
year. The engine oil and filter must be
changed at least once a year and the
oil life system must be reset. Your
trained dealer technician can perform
this work. If the engine oil life system
is reset accidentally, service the
vehicle within 5 000 km (3,000 mi)
since the last service. Reset the oil life
system when the oil is changed. See
Engine Oil Life System 0305.

Cadillac XT5 Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
15227431) - 2022 - CRC - 8/11/21
SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE 381
Engine Air Filter Change
When the REPLACE AT NEXT OIL
CHANGE message displays, the engine
air filter should be replaced at the
next engine oil change. When the
REPLACE ENGINE AIR FILTER SOON
message displays, the engine air filter
should be replaced at the earliest
convenience. Reset the engine air
filter life system after the engine air
filter is replaced. SeeEngine Air Filter
Life System 0306.
Air Conditioning Desiccant
(Replace Every Seven Years)
The air conditioning system requires
maintenance every seven years. This
service requires replacement of the
desiccant to help the longevity and
efficient operation of the air
conditioning system. This service can
be complex. See your dealer.
Tire Rotation and Required
Services Every 12 000 km
(7,500 mi)
Rotate the tires, if recommended for
the vehicle, and perform the following
services. See Tire Rotation0344.
.Check engine oil level and oil
life percentage. If needed, change
engine oil and filter, and reset oil
life system. See Engine Oil0303 and
Engine Oil Life System 0305.
.Check the air filter life percentage.
If necessary, replace the engine air
filter and reset the engine air filter
life system. See Engine Air Filter Life
System 0306.
.Check engine coolant level. See
Cooling System 0308.
.Check windshield washer fluid level.
See Washer Fluid 0313.
.Check tire inflation pressures. See
Tire Pressure 0337.
.Inspect tire wear. See Tire Inspection
0 343.
.Visually check for fluid leaks.
.Inspect brake system. See Exterior
Care 0370.
.Visually inspect steering,
suspension, and chassis
components for damage, including
cracks or tears in the rubber boots,
loose or missing parts, or signs of
wear at least once a year. See
Exterior Care 0370.
.Inspect power steering for proper
electrical connections, binding,
cracks, chafing, etc.
.Visually inspect halfshafts and
driveshafts for excessive wear,
lubricant leaks, and/or damage
including: tube dents or cracks,
constant velocity joint or universal
joint looseness, cracked or missing
boots, loose or missing boot clamps,
center bearing excessive looseness,
loose or missing fasteners, and axle
seal leaks.
.Check restraint system components.
See Safety System Check 057.

Cadillac XT5 Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
15227431) - 2022 - CRC - 8/11/21
SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE 387
Battery
The 12-volt battery supplies power to
start the engine and operate any
additional electrical accessories.
.To avoid break-down or failure to
start the vehicle, maintain a battery
with full cranking power.
.Trained dealer technicians have the
diagnostic equipment to test the
battery and ensure that the
connections and cables are
corrosion-free.
Belts
.Belts may need replacing if they
squeak or show signs of cracking or
splitting.
.Trained dealer technicians have
access to tools and equipment to
inspect the belts and recommend
adjustment or replacement when
necessary. Brakes
Brakes stop the vehicle and are crucial
to safe driving.
.Signs of brake wear may include
chirping, grinding, or squealing
noises, or difficulty stopping.
.Trained dealer technicians have
access to tools and equipment to
inspect the brakes and recommend
quality parts engineered for the
vehicle.
Fluids
Proper fluid levels and approved fluids
protect the vehicle’s systems and
components. See Recommended Fluids
and Lubricants 0389 for GM approved
fluids.
.Engine oil and windshield washer
fluid levels should be checked at
every fuel fill.
.Instrument cluster lights may come
on to indicate that fluids may be
low and need to be filled. Hoses
Hoses transport fluids and should be
regularly inspected to ensure that
there are no cracks or leaks. With a
multi-point inspection, your dealer
can inspect the hoses and advise if
replacement is needed.
Lamps
Properly working headlamps,
taillamps, and brake lamps are
important to see and be seen on
the road.
.Signs that the headlamps need
attention include dimming, failure
to light, cracking, or damage. The
brake lamps need to be checked
periodically to ensure that they light
when braking.
.With a multi-point inspection, your
dealer can check the lamps and
note any concerns.

Cadillac XT5 Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
15227431) - 2022 - CRC - 8/11/21
SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE 389
Recommended Fluids, Lubricants, and Parts
Recommended Fluids and Lubricants
Fluids and lubricants identified below by name or specification, including fluids or lubricants not listed here, can be
obtained from your dealer.Usage Fluid/Lubricant
Automatic Transmission DEXRON-VI Automatic Transmission Fluid. Chassis Lubrication Chassis lubricant meeting requirements of NLGI #2, Category LB or GC-LB.
Engine Coolant 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and use only DEX-COOL Coolant. See Cooling System0308.
Engine Oil Engine oil meeting the dexos1 specification of the proper SAE viscosity grade. ACDelco dexos1 full synthetic is recommended. See Engine Oil0303.
Fuel Additive Fuel System Treatment PLUS.
Hydraulic Brake System DOT 4 Hydraulic Brake Fluid.
Key Lock Cylinders, Hood, Door, and Folding Seat Hinges Multi-Purpose Lubricant, See your dealer.
Hood Latch Assembly, Secondary Latch,
Pivots, Spring Anchor, and Release Pawl Lubriplate Lubricant Aerosol or lubricant meeting requirements of NLGI #2,
Category LB or GC-LB.
Weatherstrip Conditioning Weatherstrip lubricant. See your dealer. Windshield Washer Automotive windshield washer fluid that meets regional freeze protection
requirements.

Cadillac XT5 Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
15227431) - 2022 - CRC - 8/11/21
INDEX 423
F
Filter,Engine Air Cleaner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307
Flash-to-Pass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Flashers, Hazard Warning . . . . . . . . . . 137
Flat Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350 Changing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358
Floor Mats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377
Fluid Automatic Transmission . . . . . . . . . 306
Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315
Washer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313
Folding Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Forward Collision Alert (FCA) System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
Frequency Statement Radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 406
Front Pedestrian Braking (FPB) System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271
Front Seats Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Heated and Ventilated . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Fuel Additives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280
Economy, Driving for Better . . . . . 210
Filling a Portable Fuel
Container . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282
Filling the Tank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281 Fuel (cont'd)
Foreign Countries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280
Gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Low Fuel Warning Light . . . . . . . . . 118
Management, Active . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
Prohibited Fuels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280
Recommended . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279, 280
Top Tier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279
Fuses Engine Compartment FuseBlock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322
Fuses and Circuit Breakers . . . . . . . 321
Instrument Panel Fuse Block . . . . 325
Rear Compartment Fuse
Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328
G
Garage Door Opener . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Gas Strut(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318
Gauges Engine Coolant Temperature . . . . 108
Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Odometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Speedometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Tachometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Trip Odometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 Gauges (cont'd)
Warning Lights and
Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
General Information Service and Maintenance . . . . . . . . 379
Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283
Vehicle Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297
Global Positioning System (GPS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Glove Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
GM Mobility Reimbursement Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400
Guidance Problems with the Route . . . . . . . . . 168
H
Hazard Warning Flashers . . . . . . . . . . 137
HD Radio Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Head Restraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Head-up Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
HeadlampsAiming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319
Automatic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Bulb Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319
Daytime RunningLamps (DRL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Flash-to-Pass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
High-Beam On Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118

Cadillac XT5 Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
15227431) - 2022 - CRC - 8/11/21
INDEX 427
R
RadioHD Radio Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Radio Data System (RDS) . . . . . . . . . . 150
Radio Frequency Statement . . . . . . . . 406
Radio Reception . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Radios AM-FM Radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Satellite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Reading Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Rear Camera Mirror . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Rear Climate Control System . . . . . . 206
Rear Cross Traffic Alert System . . . 266
Rear Pedestrian Alert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
Rear Seat Armrest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Rear Seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Heated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Rear Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Rear Vision Camera (RVC) . . . . . . . . . 257
Rear Window Washer/Wiper . . . . . . . . 99
Rearview Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Automatic Dimming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Reclining Seatbacks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Recognition Voice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Recommended Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279, 280 Recommended Fluids and
Lubricants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389
Records Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 392
Recreational Vehicle Towing . . . . . . . 368
Reimbursement Program, GM Mobility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400
Remote Keyless Entry (RKE) System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Remote Vehicle Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Replacement Parts Airbags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390
Replacing Airbag System . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Replacing LATCH System Parts after a Crash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Replacing Seat Belt System Parts after a Crash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Reporting Safety Defects Canadian Government . . . . . . . . . . . . 407
General Motors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407
U.S. Government . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407
Restraints Where to Put . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Retained Accessory
Power (RAP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
Reverse Automatic Braking . . . . . . . . 264
Reverse Tilt Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Roads
Driving, Wet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
Roadside Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401
Roof Sunroof . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Roof Rack System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Rotation, Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344
Routing, Engine Drive Belt . . . . . . . . . 396
Running the Vehicle While Parked . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
S
Safety Defects ReportingCanadian Government . . . . . . . . . . . . 407
General Motors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407
U.S. Government . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407
Safety Locks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Safety System Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Satellite Radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Scheduling Appointments . . . . . . . . . . 402
Sealant Kit, Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352
Seat Belts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Extender . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
How to Wear Seat BeltsProperly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Lap-Shoulder Belt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Reminders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108

Cadillac XT5 Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
15227431) - 2022 - CRC - 8/11/21
430 INDEX
Using the Navigation System . . . . . . 156
Using the System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
Using This Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
V
VehicleAlarm System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Canadian Owners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
Identification Number (VIN) . . . . . 393
Load Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Personalization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Remote Start . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Speed Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366
Vehicle Ahead Indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Vehicle Care Storing the Tire Sealant andCompressor Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357
Tire Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337
Vehicle Data Recording and Privacy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 408
Vehicle Positioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Vehicle Security Steering Column Lock . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Ventilation, Air . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208 Visors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Voice Recognition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
W
Warning
Brake System Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Caution and Danger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Warning Lights, Gauges, and Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Warnings Hazard Flashers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Washer Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313
Wheels
Alignment and Tire Balance . . . . . 349
Different Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347
Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349
When It Is Time for New Tires . . . . 345
Where to Put the Restraint . . . . . . . . . 74
Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Windshield
Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318
Wiper/Washer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Winter Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
Winter Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331
Wiper Blade Replacement . . . . . . . . . . 317 Wipers
Rear Washer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Wireless Charging . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101