infotainment CHEVROLET CORVETTE C8 2021 Manual Online

Chevrolet Corvette Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
14622938) - 2021 - CRC - 9/22/20
322 OnStar
Reactivation for Subsequent Owners
Press|and follow the prompts to speak to
an Advisor as soon as possible. The Advisor
will update vehicle records and explain
OnStar or connected service options.
How OnStar Service Works
Automatic Crash Response, Emergency
Services, Crisis Assist, Stolen Vehicle
Assistance, Remote Services, and Roadside
Assistance are available on most vehicles.
Not all OnStar services are available
everywhere or on all vehicles. For more
information, a full description of OnStar
services, system limitations, and OnStar User
Terms, Privacy Statement, and Software
Terms:
.Call 1-888-4ONSTAR (1-888-466-7827).
.See www.onstar.com (U.S.).
.See www.onstar.ca (Canada).
.Call TTY 1-877-248-2080.
.Press|to speak with an Advisor.
OnStar or connected services cannot work
unless the vehicle is in a place where OnStar
has an agreement with a wireless service
provider for service in that area. The
wireless service provider must also have
coverage, network capacity, reception, and technology compatible with OnStar or
connected services. Service involving location
information about the vehicle cannot work
unless GPS signals are available,
unobstructed, and compatible with the
OnStar hardware. OnStar or connected
services may not work if the OnStar
equipment is not properly installed or it has
not been properly maintained. If equipment
or software is added, connected,
or modified, OnStar or connected services
may not work. Other problems beyond the
control of OnStar
—such as hills, tall
buildings, tunnels, weather, electrical system
design and architecture of the vehicle,
damage to the vehicle in a crash, or wireless
phone network congestion or jamming —
may prevent service.
See Radio Frequency Statement 0316.
Services for People with Disabilities
Advisors provide services to help with
physical disabilities and medical conditions.
Press
|to help:
.Locate a gas station with an attendant to
pump gas.
.Find a hotel, restaurant, etc., that meets
accessibility needs.
.Provide directions to the closest hospital
or pharmacy in urgent situations.
TTY Users
OnStar has the ability to communicate to
deaf, hard-of-hearing, or speech-impaired
customers while in the vehicle. The available
dealer-installed TTY system can provide
in-vehicle access to all OnStar services,
except Virtual Advisor and OnStar
Turn-by-Turn Navigation.
If equipped, TTY mode can be turned on or
off by touching Settings, then Apps, and
then Phone. When TTY mode is on, phone
calls can be made or received with OnStar
using the infotainment display.
OnStar Personal Identification
Number (PIN)
A PIN is needed to access some OnStar
services. The PIN will need to be changed
the first time when speaking with an
Advisor. To change the OnStar PIN, contact
an OnStar Advisor by pressing
|or calling
1-888-4ONSTAR.
Warranty
OnStar equipment may be warranted as part
of the vehicle warranty.

Chevrolet Corvette Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
14622938) - 2021 - CRC - 9/22/20
Connected Services 325
Connected Services
Connected Services
Navigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325
Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326
Diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327
Connected Services
Navigation
Navigation requires a specific OnStar or
connected service plan.
Press
|to receive Turn-by-Turn directions
or have them sent to the vehicle navigation
screen, if equipped.
Turn-by-Turn Navigation
1. Press|to connect to an Advisor.
2. Request directions to be downloaded to the vehicle.
3. Follow the voice-guided commands.
Using Voice Commands During a
Planned Route
Functionality of the Voice Command button,
if equipped, may vary by vehicle and region.
For some vehicles, press
Qto open the
OnStar app on the infotainment display. For
other vehicles press
Qas follows. Cancel Route
1. Press
Q. System responds: “OnStar
ready,” then a tone.
2. Say “Cancel route.” System responds:
“Do you want to cancel directions?”
3. Say “Yes.”System responds: “OK, request
completed, thank you, goodbye.”
Route Preview
1. Press
Q. System responds: “OnStar
ready,” then a tone.
2. Say “Route preview.” System responds
with the next three maneuvers.
Repeat
1. Press
Q. System responds: “OnStar
ready,” then a tone.
2. Say “Repeat.” System responds with the
last direction given, then responds with
“OnStar ready,” then a tone.
Get My Destination
1. Press
Q. System responds: “OnStar
ready,” then a tone.
2. Say “Get my destination.” System
responds with the address and distance
to the destination, then responds with
“OnStar ready,” then a tone.

Chevrolet Corvette Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
14622938) - 2021 - CRC - 9/22/20
326 Connected Services
Send Destination to Vehicle
Directions can be sent to the vehicle’s
navigation screen, if equipped.
Press
|then ask the Advisor to download
directions to the vehicle’s navigation system,
if equipped. After the call ends, the
navigation screen will provide prompts to
begin driving directions. Routes that are sent
to the navigation screen can only be
canceled through the navigation system.
See www.onstar.com (U.S.) or www.onstar.ca
(Canada).
Connections
The following services help with staying
connected.
For coverage maps, see www.onstar.com
(U.S.) or www.onstar.ca (Canada).
Ensuring Security
.Change the default passwords for the
Wi-Fi hotspot and myChevrolet mobile
application. Make these passwords
different from each other and use a
combination of letters and numbers to
increase the security.
.Change the default name of the SSID
(Service Set Identifier). This is your
network’s name that is visible to other
wireless devices. Choose a unique name
and avoid family names or vehicle
descriptions.
Wi-Fi Hotspot (If Equipped)
The vehicle may have a built-in Wi-Fi
hotspot that provides access to the Internet
and web content at 4G LTE speed. Up to
seven mobile devices can be connected.
A data plan is required. Use the in-vehicle
controls only when it is safe to do so. 1. To retrieve Wi-Fi hotspot information, press
Qto open the OnStar app on the
infotainment display, then select Wi-Fi
Hotspot. On some vehicles, touch Wi-Fi
or Wi-Fi Settings on the screen.
2. The Wi-Fi settings will display the Wi-Fi hotspot name (SSID), password, and on
some vehicles, the connection type (no
Internet connection, 3G, 4G, 4G LTE), and
signal quality (poor, good, excellent). The
LTE icon shows connection to Wi-Fi. It is
possible that the icon may not illuminate
even though the vehicle has an active
connection. 3. To change the SSID or password, press
|or call 1-888-4ONSTAR to connect
with an Advisor. On some vehicles, the
SSID and password can be changed in
the Wi-Fi Hotspot menu.
After initial set-up, your vehicle’s Wi-Fi
hotspot will connect automatically to your
mobile devices. Manage data usage by
turning Wi-Fi on or off on your mobile
device, using the myChevrolet mobile app,
or by contacting an OnStar Advisor. On
some vehicles, Wi-Fi can also be managed
from the Wi-Fi Hotspot menu.
MyChevrolet Mobile App (If Available)
Download the myChevrolet mobile app to
compatible Apple and Android smartphones.
Chevrolet users can access the following
services from a smartphone:
.Remotely start/stop the vehicle,
if factory-equipped.
.Lock/unlock doors, if equipped with
automatic locks.
.Activate the horn and lamps.
.Check the vehicle’s fuel level, oil life,
or tire pressure, if factory-equipped with
the Tire Pressure Monitor System.
.Send destinations to the vehicle.

Chevrolet Corvette Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
14622938) - 2021 - CRC - 9/22/20
330 Index
Control of a Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
ControlsSteering Wheel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Convenience Net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72
Convertible Top . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Convex Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Coolant Engine Temperature Gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Cooling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Cooling System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
Courtesy Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Courtesy Transportation Program . . . . . . . . . 313
Coverage Explanations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Cruise Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .218 Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Cupholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Customer Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310
Offices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310
Text Telephone (TTY) Users . . . . . . . . . . . . 310
Customer Information Publications Ordering Information . . . . . 316
Customer Satisfaction Procedure . . . . . . . . . 308
Cybersecurity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .318
D
Damage Repair, Collision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .314
Danger, Warning, and Caution . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 Data Collection
Infotainment System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319
OnStar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319
Data Recorder Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Data Recorders, Event . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .318
Database Coverage Explanations . . . . . . . . . 136
Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Defensive Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
Delayed Locking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
Destination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Diagnostics Connected Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327
Differential, Limited-Slip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
Distracted Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
Diversity Antenna System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
Door Ajar Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Delayed Locking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Locks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Drive Belt Routing, Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307
Driver
Teen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Driver Assistance Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
Driver Information Center (DIC) . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Driver Mode Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
Driving Better Fuel Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 Driving (cont'd)
Competitive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214
Defensive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
Hill and Mountain Roads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
If the Vehicle is Stuck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Impaired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
Loss of Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Off-Road Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
Track Events and Competitive . . . . . . . . . . 179
Vehicle Load Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
Wet Roads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
Winter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
Dual Automatic Climate Control System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Dual Clutch Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197 Manual Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
Dual Clutch Transmission Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . .241
Dual Clutch Transmission Fluid Life System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
E
Electric Brake Boost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
Electric Parking Brake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
Electric Parking Brake Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Electrical Equipment, Add-On . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
Electrical SystemFuses and Circuit Breakers . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
Instrument Panel Fuse Block . . . . . . . . . . . 255

Chevrolet Corvette Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
14622938) - 2021 - CRC - 9/22/20
332 Index
General InformationService and Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
Vehicle Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
Global Positioning System (GPS) . . . . . . . . . . 135
Glove Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
GM Mobility Reimbursement Program . . . . 311
Guidance Problems with the Route . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
H
Hatch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
Hazard Warning Flashers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
HD Radio Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Head Restraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Head-up Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
HeadlampsAiming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
Automatic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) . . . . . . . . . 106
Flash-to-Pass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
High-Beam On Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
High/Low Beam Changer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Lamps On Reminder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Heated Steering Wheel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Heated and Ventilated Front Seats . . . . . . . 44
Heated Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 Heating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
High-Beam On Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .91
High-Speed Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268
Hill and Mountain Roads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
Hill Rollback Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
Hill Start Assist (HSA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Hood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Horn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
How to Wear Seat Belts Properly . . . . . . . . . 46
HVAC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170I
If the System Needs Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Ignition Positions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Immobilizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
Infants and Young Children, Restraints . . . . 62
Information
Publication Ordering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316
Infotainment System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319
Instrument Cluster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
Instrument Panel Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Interior Rearview Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1, 110
J
Jack Auxiliary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Jump Starting - North America . . . . . . . . . . . 278
K
Keyless Entry Remote (RKE) System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Keys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
L
Labeling, Tire Sidewall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
Lamps Courtesy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Daytime Running (DRL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Engine Compartment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Exterior Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Exterior Lamps Off Reminder . . . . . . . . . . 105
Exterior Lighting Battery Saver . . . . . . . . 109
Malfunction Indicator (CheckEngine) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
On Reminder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Lap-Shoulder Belt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
LATCH, Lower Anchors and Tethers for Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
LED Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
Lifting the Vehicle, Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
Light Performance Shifting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Lighting Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Exit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

Chevrolet Corvette Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
14622938) - 2021 - CRC - 9/22/20
336 Index
Servicing System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Servicing the Airbag . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
ShiftingInto Park . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Out of Park . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
Side Blind Zone Alert (SBZA) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
Signals, Turn and Lane-Change . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Software Updates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Special Application Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298
Specifications and Capacities . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305
Speedometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Start Assist, Hill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Start Vehicle, Remote . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Starting the Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Steering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
Heated Wheel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Wheel Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Wheel Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Steering Wheel Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Storage Rear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Storage Areas Center Console . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Convenience Net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Front . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Glove Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Storage Compartments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 Struts
Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
Stuck Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .187
Summer Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
Sun Visors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 Navigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
System Engine Air Filter Life . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
Front Lift . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
Global Positioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Infotainment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319
OnStar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Systems Driver Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220
T
Tachometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
Teen Driver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Text Telephone (TTY) Users . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310
Theft-Deterrent Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24Immobilizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75
Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261 All-Season . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
Buying New Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274
Chains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
Designations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264 Tires (cont'd)
Different Size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275
If a Tire Goes Flat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272
Lifting the Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
Low Profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267, 268
Pressure Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Pressure Monitor Operation . . . . . . . . . . . 270
Pressure Monitor System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269
Rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272
Run-Flat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262
Sidewall Labeling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
Terminology and Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . 265
Uniform Tire Quality Grading . . . . . . . . . . 275
Wheel Alignment and Tire Balance . . . . 277
Wheel Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
When It Is Time for New Tires . . . . . . . . . 273
Winter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262
Top Tier Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
Towing General Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
Recreational Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283
Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
Track Events and Competitive Driving . . . . 179
Traction Limited-Slip Differential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
Off Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89