engine FORD F250 2014 Service Manual

the engine. If the service engine soon
indicator blinks eight times, it means that
the vehicle is not ready for I/M testing; if
the service engine soon indicator stays on
solid, it means that the vehicle is ready for
I/M testing.
The OBD-II system monitors the emission
control system during normal driving. A
complete check may take several days. If
the vehicle is not ready for I/M testing, you
may need to perform the following driving
cycle consisting of mixed city and highway
driving:
Drive on an expressway or highway for a
steady 15 minutes, followed by 20 minutes
of stop-and-go driving with at least four
30-second idle periods.
Allow the vehicle to sit for at least eight
hours without starting the engine. Then,
start the engine and complete the above
driving cycle. The engine must warm up to
its normal operating temperature. Once
started, do not turn off the engine until the
above driving cycle is complete. If the
vehicle is still not ready for I/M testing, you
will have to repeat the above driving cycle.
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Super Duty (TFA) Fuel and Refueling

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION
WARNINGS
Always set the parking brake fully
and make sure the gearshift is
latched in P (Park). Turn the ignition
to the off position and remove the key
whenever you leave your vehicle. Do not use the tow/haul feature
when driving in icy or slippery
conditions as the increased engine
braking can cause the rear wheels to slide
and the vehicle to swing around with the
possible loss of vehicle control. Understanding the Shift Positions
of the 5–
Speed Automatic
Transmission (If Equipped) Putting your vehicle in or out of gear:
1. Fully press down the brake pedal.
2. Move the gearshift lever into the
desired gear.
3. Come to a complete stop.
4. Move the gearshift lever and securely latch it in P (Park)
P (Park)
This position locks the transmission and
prevents the rear wheels from turning. R (Reverse)
With the gearshift lever in R (Reverse), the
vehicle will move backward. Always come
to a complete stop before shifting into and
out of R (Reverse).
N (Neutral)
With the gearshift lever in N (Neutral), the
vehicle can be started and is free to roll.
Hold the brake pedal down while in this
position.
D (Overdrive) with tow/haul off
D (Overdrive) with tow/haul off is the
normal driving position for the best fuel
economy. The overdrive function allows
automatic upshifts and downshifts through
gears one through five.
D (Overdrive) with tow/haul on
The tow/haul feature improves
transmission operation when towing a
trailer or a heavy load. All transmission
gear ranges are available when using
tow/haul.
To activate tow/haul, press the
button on the end of the
gearshift lever. The TOW HAUL
indicator light will illuminate in the
instrument cluster.
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Tow/haul delays upshifts to reduce
frequency of transmission shifting.
Tow/haul also provides engine braking in
all forward gears when the transmission is
in the D (Overdrive) position; this engine
braking will slow the vehicle and assist the
driver in controlling the vehicle when
descending a grade. Depending on driving
conditions and load conditions, the
transmission may downshift, slow the
vehicle and control the vehicle speed when
descending a hill, without the accelerator
pedal being pressed. The amount of
downshift braking provided will vary based
upon the amount the brake pedal is
pressed.
To deactivate the tow/haul feature and
return to normal driving mode, press the
button on the end of the gearshift lever.
The TOW HAUL light will no longer be
illuminated.
When you shut-off and restart the engine,
the transmission will automatically return
to normal D (Overdrive) mode (tow/haul
off).
WARNING
Do not use the tow/haul feature
when driving in icy or slippery
conditions as the increased engine
braking can cause the rear wheels to slide
and the vehicle to swing around with the
possible loss of vehicle control. 3 (Third)
Transmission starts and operates in third
gear only
Used for improved traction on slippery
roads. Selecting 3 (Third) provides engine
braking.
2 (Second)
Use 2 (Second) to start-up on slippery
roads or to provide additional engine
braking on downgrades. 1 (First)
•
Provides maximum engine braking
• Allows upshifts by moving gearshift
lever
• The transmission will not downshift
into 1 (First) at high speeds; it will
downshift to a lower gear and then
shift into 1 (First) when the vehicle
reaches slower speeds.
Forced downshifts
• Allowed in D (Overdrive) with the
tow/haul feature on or off
• Press the accelerator to the floor
• Allows transmission to select an
appropriate gear
Understanding the Shift Positions
of a 6– Speed Automatic
Transmission (If Equipped) Putting your vehicle in or out of gear:
1. Fully press down the brake pedal.
2. Move the gearshift lever into the
desired gear.
3. Come to a complete stop.
4. Move the gearshift lever and securely latch it in P (Park)
P (Park)
This position locks the transmission and
prevents the rear wheels from turning.
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R (Reverse)
With the gearshift lever in R (Reverse), the
vehicle will move backward. Always come
to a complete stop before shifting into and
out of R (Reverse).
N (Neutral)
With the gearshift lever in N (Neutral), the
vehicle can be started and is free to roll.
Hold the brake pedal down while in this
position.
D (Overdrive) with tow/haul off
D (Overdrive) with tow/haul off is the
normal driving position for the best fuel
economy. The overdrive function allows
automatic upshifts and downshifts through
gears one through six.
D (Overdrive) with tow/haul on
The tow/haul feature improves
transmission operation when towing a
trailer or a heavy load. All transmission
gear ranges are available when using
tow/haul.
To activate tow/haul, press the
button on the end of the
gearshift lever. The TOW HAUL
indicator light will illuminate in the
instrument cluster. Tow/haul delays upshifts to reduce
frequency of transmission shifting.
Tow/haul also provides engine braking in
all forward gears when the transmission is
in the D (Overdrive) position; this engine
braking will slow the vehicle and assist the
driver in controlling the vehicle when
descending a grade. Depending on driving
conditions and load conditions, the
transmission may downshift, slow the
vehicle and control the vehicle speed when
descending a hill, without the accelerator
pedal being pressed. The amount of
downshift braking provided will vary based
upon the amount the brake pedal is
pressed.
Tow/haul may be automatically activated
(without pressing the tow/haul button).
This provides engine braking to assist the
vehicles braking system when going
downhill and repetitive braking is sensed.
Once the tow/haul mode has been
automatically activated it will not
automatically deactivate.
To deactivate the tow/haul feature and
return to normal driving mode, press the
button on the end of the gearshift lever.
The TOW HAUL light will no longer be
illuminated.
Tow/haul will also deactivate when the
vehicle is powered down for a few minutes.
WARNING
Do not use the tow/haul feature
when driving in icy or slippery
conditions as the increased engine
braking can cause the rear wheels to slide
and the vehicle to swing around with the
possible loss of vehicle control. 144
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M (Manual) without Overdrive
With the gearshift lever in M (Manual), the
driver can change gears up or down as
desired. This is called SelectShift
Automatic
™ transmission (SST) mode.
By moving the gearshift lever from drive
position D (Overdrive) to M (Manual) you
now have control of selecting the gear you
desire using buttons on the shift lever.
To return to normal D (Overdrive) position,
move the shift lever back from M to D.
The transmission will operate in gears one
through six.
2 (Second)
Use 2 (Second) to start-up on slippery
roads or to provide additional engine
braking on downgrades.
1 (First)
• Provides maximum engine braking
• Allows upshifts by moving gearshift
lever
• The transmission will not downshift
into 1 (First) at high speeds; it will
downshift to a lower gear and then
shift into 1 (First) when the vehicle
reaches slower speeds.
Forced downshifts
• Allowed in D (Overdrive) with the
tow/haul feature on or off
• Press the accelerator to the floor
• Allows transmission to select an
appropriate gear
Understanding your SelectShift
Automatic® transmission (If Equipped)
Your vehicle is equipped with a SelectShift
Automatic transmission gearshift lever.
SelectShift Automatic transmission gives
you the ability to change gears up or down
(without a clutch) as desired. Use the buttons on the shifter to lock or
unlock gears and manually select gears.
Press the + button to upshift or the –
button to downshift.
With the gearshift lever in D (Drive), press
the – button to activate SelectShift. The
available and selected gears will be
indicated on the instrument cluster.
All available gears will be displayed with
the current gear indicated. Press the –
button again to lock out gears beginning
with the highest gear. Example: press the
– button twice to lock out 6th and 5th
gears. Only the available gears will be
displayed and the transmission will
automatically shift between the available
gears. Press the + button to unlock gears.
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By moving the gearshift lever from the D
(Drive) position to the M (Manual) position
you may now manually select the gear you
desire. Only the current gear will be
displayed. Press the + button or the –
button to upshift or downshift. If the –
button is pressed at a vehicle speed that
would cause an engine overspeed, the
requested gear will flash then disappear
and the transmission will remain in the
current gear.
Recommended shift speeds
Upshift according to the following chart:Upshifts when accelerating (recommended for best fuel economy)
Diesel engines
Gasoline engines
Shift from:
12 mph (19 km/h)
15 mph (24 km/h)
1 – 2
19 mph (31 km/h)
25 mph (40 km/h)
2 – 3
26 mph (42 km/h)
40 mph (64 km/h)
3 – 4
34 mph (55 km/h)
45 mph (72 km/h)
4 – 5
46 mph (74 km/h)
50 mph (80 km/h)
5 – 6
In order to prevent the engine from running
at too low an RPM, which may cause it to
stall, SelectShift will still automatically
make some downshifts if it has determined
that you have not downshifted in time.
Although SelectShift will make some
downshifts for you, it will still allow you to
downshift at any time as long as the
SelectShift determines that the engine will
not be damaged from over-revving.
SelectShift will not automatically upshift,
even if the engine is approaching the RPM
limit. It must be shifted manually by
pressing the + button.
Note: Engine damage may occur if
excessive engine revving is held without
shifting. Automatic Transmission Adaptive
Learning
This feature is designed to increase
durability and provide consistent shift feel
over the life of the vehicle. A new vehicle
or transmission may have firm shifts, soft
shifts or both. This operation is considered
normal and will not affect function or
durability of the transmission. Over time,
the adaptive learning process will fully
update transmission operation.
Additionally, whenever the battery is
disconnected or a new battery installed,
the strategy must be relearned.
Brake-Shift Interlock
WARNINGS
Do not drive your vehicle until you
verify that the brake lamps are
working.
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Super Duty (TFA) Transmission

9. Start the vehicle.
Perform Steps 4 through 8 in reverse order,
making sure to engage the hinge pivots
between the upper and lower halves of the
shroud. Keep slight pressure in the forward
direction as the halves are rotated
together.
If Your Vehicle Gets Stuck In Mud
or Snow
Note:
Do not rock the vehicle if the engine
is not at normal operating temperature or
damage to the transmission may occur.
Note: Do not rock the vehicle for more than
a minute or damage to the transmission and
tires may occur, or the engine may overheat.
If your vehicle gets stuck in mud or snow,
it may be rocked out by shifting between
forward and reverse gears, stopping
between shifts in a steady pattern. Press
lightly on the accelerator in each gear.
POWER TAKE-OFF
Auxiliary equipment called power take-off,
or PTO, is often added to the engine or
transmission to operate utility equipment.
Examples include a wheel-lift for tow
trucks, cranes, tools for construction or tire
service, and pumping fluids. PTO
applications draw auxiliary horsepower
from the powertrain, often while the
vehicle is stationary. In this condition, there
is limited cooling air flow through the
radiator and around the vehicle that
normally occurs when a vehicle is moving.
The aftermarket PTO system installer,
having the most knowledge of the final
application, is responsible for determining
whether additional chassis heat protection
or powertrain cooling is required, and
alerting the user to the safe and proper
operation. Ford Super Duty Vehicles are approved for
use as a stationary (including split shaft
capability) or mobile power source, within
limits and operating guidelines detailed in
the Ford Truck Body Builders Layout Book,
found at www.fleet.ford.com/truckbbas,
and through the Ford Truck Body Builders
Advisory Service.
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Super Duty (TFA) Transmission

Four-wheel drive (when you select a 4WD
mode) uses all four wheels to power the
vehicle. This increases traction, enabling
you to drive over terrain and road
conditions that a conventional two-wheel
drive vehicle cannot.
Basic Operating Principles
•
Drive slower in strong crosswinds which
can affect the normal steering
characteristics of your vehicle.
• When driving your vehicle on surfaces
made slippery by loose sand, water,
gravel, snow or ice proceed with care.
• Do not use Four-wheel drive on dry,
hard surfaced roads. Doing so will
produce excessive noise, increase tire
wear and may damage drive
components. Four-wheel drive modes
are only intended for consistently
slippery or loose surfaces.
If Your Vehicle leaves the Road
If your vehicle leaves the road, reduce your
vehicle speed and avoid severe braking.
When your vehicle speed has been reduced
ease your vehicle back onto the road. Do
not turn the steering wheel sharply while
returning your vehicle to the road.
It may be safer to stay on the shoulder of
the road and slow down gradually before
returning to the road. You may lose control
if you do not slow down or if you turn the
steering wheel too sharply or abruptly.
It may be less risky to strike small objects,
such as freeway reflectors, with minor
damage to your vehicle rather than
attempt a sudden return to the road which
could cause your vehicle to slide sideways
out of control or roll over. Remember, your
safety and the safety of others should be
your primary concern. Emergency Maneuvers
In an unavoidable emergency situation
where a sudden sharp turn must be made,
remember to avoid over-driving your
vehicle (i.e. turn the steering wheel only as
rapidly and as far as required to avoid the
emergency). Excessive steering can result
in loss of vehicle control. Apply smooth
pressure to the accelerator pedal or brake
pedal when changes in vehicle speed are
required. Avoid abrupt steering,
acceleration and braking. This could result
in an increased risk of vehicle roll over, loss
of vehicle control and personal injury. Use
all available road surface to bring your
vehicle to a safe direction of travel.
In the event of an emergency stop, avoid
skidding the tires and do not attempt any
sharp steering wheel movements.
If your vehicle goes from one type of
surface to another (i.e. from concrete to
gravel) there will be a change in the way
your vehicle responds to a maneuver (i.e.
steering, acceleration or braking).
Sand
When driving over sand, try to keep all four
wheels on the most solid area of the trail.
Avoid reducing the tire pressures but shift
to a lower gear and drive steadily through
the terrain. Apply the accelerator slowly
and avoid excessive wheel slip.
When driving at slow speeds in deep sand
under high outside temperatures, use a low
gear when possible. Low gear operation
will maximize the engine and transmission
cooling capability.
Avoid driving at excessive speeds, this
causes vehicle momentum to work against
you and your vehicle could become stuck
to the point that assistance may be
required from another vehicle. Remember,
you may be able to back out the way you
came if you proceed with caution.
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Super Duty (TFA) Four-Wheel Drive (If Equipped)

Mud and Water
Mud
Be cautious of sudden changes in vehicle
speed or direction when you are driving in
mud. Even four-wheel drive vehicles can
lose traction in slick mud. If your vehicle
does slide, steer in the direction of the slide
until you regain control of your vehicle.
After driving through mud, clean off residue
stuck to rotating driveshafts and tires.
Excess mud stuck on tires and rotating
driveshafts can cause an imbalance that
could damage drive components.
Water
If you must drive through high water, drive
slowly. Traction or brake capability may
be limited.
When driving through water, determine the
depth and avoid water higher than the
bottom of the hubs. If the ignition system
gets wet, your vehicle may stall.
Once through water, always try the brakes.
Wet brakes do not stop your vehicle as
effectively as dry brakes. Drying can be
improved by applying light pressure to the
brake pedal while moving slowly.
Note:
Driving through deep water may
damage the transmission. If the front or rear
axle is submerged in water, the axle
lubricant and power transfer unit lubricant
should be checked and changed if
necessary.
Driving on Hilly or Sloping Terrain
Although natural obstacles may make it
necessary to travel diagonally up or down
a hill or steep incline, you should always
try to drive straight up or straight down. Note:
Avoid turning on steep slopes or hills.
A danger lies in losing traction, slipping
sideways and possible vehicle roll over.
Whenever driving on a hill, determine
beforehand the route you will use. Do not
drive over the crest of a hill without seeing
what conditions are on the other side. Do
not drive in reverse over a hill without the
aid of an observer.
When climbing a steep slope or hill, start
in a lower gear rather than downshifting to
a lower gear from a higher gear once the
ascent has started. This reduces strain on
the engine and the possibility of stalling.
If your vehicle stalls, do not try to turn
around because this could cause vehicle
roll over. It is better to reverse back to a
safe location.
Apply just enough power to the wheels to
climb the hill. Too much power will cause
the tires to slip, spin or lose traction,
resulting in loss of vehicle control. Descend a hill in the same gear you would
use to climb up the hill to avoid excessive
brake application and brake overheating.
Do not descend in neutral. Disengage
overdrive or move the transmission
selector lever to a lower gear. When
descending a steep hill, avoid sudden hard
braking as you could lose control. The front
wheels have to be turning in order to steer
your vehicle.
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If your vehicle has anti-lock brakes, apply
the brakes steadily. Do not pump the
brakes.
Driving on Snow and Ice
WARNING
If you are driving in slippery
conditions that require tire chains or
cables, then it is critical that you drive
cautiously. Keep speeds down, allow for
longer stopping distances and avoid
aggressive steering to reduce the chances
of a loss of vehicle control which can lead
to serious injury or death. If the rear end of
your vehicle slides while cornering, steer in
the direction of the slide until you regain
control of your vehicle. Note:
Excessive tire slippage can cause
transmission damage.
Four-wheel drive vehicles have advantages
over two-wheel drive vehicles in snow and
ice but can skid like any other vehicle.
Should you start to slide while driving on
snowy or icy roads, turn the steering wheel
in the direction of the slide until you regain
control.
Avoid sudden applications of power and
quick changes of direction on snow and
ice. Apply the accelerator slowly and
steadily when starting from a full stop.
Avoid sudden braking. Although a
four-wheel drive vehicle may accelerate
better than a two-wheel drive vehicle in
snow and ice, it will not stop any faster as
braking occurs at all four wheels. Do not
become overconfident as to road
conditions. Make sure you allow sufficient distance
between you and other vehicles for
stopping. Drive slower than usual and
consider using one of the lower gears. In
emergency stopping situations, apply the
brake steadily. Do not pump the brake
pedal. See Hints on Driving With
Anti-Lock Brakes (page 160).
If Your Vehicle Gets Stuck In Mud or
Snow WARNING
Do not spin the wheels at over 35
mph (56 km/h). The tires may fail
and injure a passenger or bystander.
If your vehicle gets stuck in mud or snow,
it may be rocked out by shifting between
forward and reverse gears, stopping
between shifts in a steady pattern. Press
lightly on the accelerator in each gear.
Note:
Do not rock your vehicle if the engine
is not at normal operating temperature,
damage to the transmission may occur.
Note: Do not rock your vehicle for more
than a minute, damage to the transmission
and tires may occur or the engine may
overheat.
Parking WARNINGS
If the parking brake is fully released,
but the brake warning lamp remains
illuminated, the brakes may not be
working properly. See your authorized
dealer. Always set the parking brake fully
and make sure the gearshift is
latched in P (Park). Turn the ignition
to the off position and remove the key
whenever you leave your vehicle. 156
Super Duty (TFA) Four-Wheel Drive
(If Equipped)