steering FORD GRANADA 1985 Service Manual PDF

REF•14Glossary of Technical Terms
GGapThe distance the spark must travel in
jumping from the centre electrode to the side
electrode in a spark plug. Also refers to the
spacing between the points in a contact
breaker assembly in a conventional points-
type ignition, or to the distance between the
reluctor or rotor and the pickup coil in an
electronic ignition.
GasketAny thin, soft material - usually cork,
cardboard, asbestos or soft metal - installed
between two metal surfaces to ensure a good
seal. For instance, the cylinder head gasket
seals the joint between the block and the
cylinder head.
GaugeAn instrument panel display used to
monitor engine conditions. A gauge with a
movable pointer on a dial or a fixed scale is an
analogue gauge. A gauge with a numerical
readout is called a digital gauge.
HHalfshaftA rotating shaft that transmits
power from the final drive unit to a drive
wheel, usually when referring to a live rear
axle.
Harmonic balancerA device designed to
reduce torsion or twisting vibration in the
crankshaft. May be incorporated in the
crankshaft pulley. Also known as a vibration
damper.
HoneAn abrasive tool for correcting small
irregularities or differences in diameter in an
engine cylinder, brake cylinder, etc.
Hydraulic tappetA tappet that utilises
hydraulic pressure from the engine’s
lubrication system to maintain zero clearance
(constant contact with both camshaft and
valve stem). Automatically adjusts to variation
in valve stem length. Hydraulic tappets also
reduce valve noise.
IIgnition timingThe moment at which the
spark plug fires, usually expressed in the
number of crankshaft degrees before the
piston reaches the top of its stroke.
Inlet manifoldA tube or housing with
passages through which flows the air-fuel
mixture (carburettor vehicles and vehicles with
throttle body injection) or air only (port fuel-
injected vehicles) to the port openings in the
cylinder head.
JJump startStarting the engine of a vehicle
with a discharged or weak battery by
attaching jump leads from the weak battery to
a charged or helper battery.
LLoad Sensing Proportioning Valve (LSPV)A
brake hydraulic system control valve that
works like a proportioning valve, but also
takes into consideration the amount of weight
carried by the rear axle.
LocknutA nut used to lock an adjustment
nut, or other threaded component, in place.
For example, a locknut is employed to keep
the adjusting nut on the rocker arm in
position.
LockwasherA form of washer designed to
prevent an attaching nut from working loose.
MMacPherson strutA type of front
suspension system devised by Earle
MacPherson at Ford of England. In its original
form, a simple lateral link with the anti-roll bar
creates the lower control arm. A long strut - an
integral coil spring and shock absorber - is
mounted between the body and the steering
knuckle. Many modern so-called MacPherson
strut systems use a conventional lower A-arm
and don’t rely on the anti-roll bar for location.
MultimeterAn electrical test instrument with
the capability to measure voltage, current and
resistance.
NNOxOxides of Nitrogen. A common toxic
pollutant emitted by petrol and diesel engines
at higher temperatures.
OOhmThe unit of electrical resistance. One
volt applied to a resistance of one ohm will
produce a current of one amp.
OhmmeterAn instrument for measuring
electrical resistance.
O-ringA type of sealing ring made of a
special rubber-like material; in use, the O-ring
is compressed into a groove to provide the
sealing action.
Overhead cam (ohc) engineAn engine with
the camshaft(s) located on top of the cylinder
head(s).Overhead valve (ohv) engineAn engine with
the valves located in the cylinder head, but
with the camshaft located in the engine block.
Oxygen sensorA device installed in the
engine exhaust manifold, which senses the
oxygen content in the exhaust and converts
this information into an electric current. Also
called a Lambda sensor.
PPhillips screwA type of screw head having a
cross instead of a slot for a corresponding
type of screwdriver.
PlastigageA thin strip of plastic thread,
available in different sizes, used for measuring
clearances. For example, a strip of Plastigage
is laid across a bearing journal. The parts are
assembled and dismantled; the width of the
crushed strip indicates the clearance between
journal and bearing.
Propeller shaftThe long hollow tube with
universal joints at both ends that carries
power from the transmission to the differential
on front-engined rear wheel drive vehicles.
Proportioning valveA hydraulic control
valve which limits the amount of pressure to
the rear brakes during panic stops to prevent
wheel lock-up.
RRack-and-pinion steeringA steering system
with a pinion gear on the end of the steering
shaft that mates with a rack (think of a geared
wheel opened up and laid flat). When the
steering wheel is turned, the pinion turns,
moving the rack to the left or right. This
movement is transmitted through the track
rods to the steering arms at the wheels.
RadiatorA liquid-to-air heat transfer device
designed to reduce the temperature of the
coolant in an internal combustion engine
cooling system.
RefrigerantAny substance used as a heat
transfer agent in an air-conditioning system.
R-12 has been the principle refrigerant for
many years; recently, however, manufacturers
have begun using R-134a, a non-CFC
substance that is considered less harmful to
the ozone in the upper atmosphere.
Rocker armA lever arm that rocks on a shaft
or pivots on a stud. In an overhead valve
engine, the rocker arm converts the upward
movement of the pushrod into a downward
movement to open a valve.
Adjusting spark plug gap
Plastigage
Gasket
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A
ABS module - 10•11
Accelerator pump diaphragm renewal - 4•12
Accessory shops - 0•8
Acknowledgements - 0•4
Aerial pre-amplifier - 13•22
Air bags - 0•5
Air charge temperature sensor - 5•12
Air cleaner - 1•16, 4•4
Air conditioner - 1•14, 1•15, 3•2, 3•9
Air temperature sensor - 13•18
Alarm signal buzzer - 13•23
Alarm system horn - 13•23
Alternator - 3•7, 5•4
Anti-roll bar - 11•9, 11•12
Anti-theft alarm - 13•22, 13•23
Antifreeze mixture - 3•2
Asbestos - 0•5
Ashtray light - 13•8
Automatic choke - 1•16, 4•10, 4•12
Automatic transmission- 1•11, 1•15, 2B•6,
2B•7, 7B•1et seq, REF•8
Automatic transmission brake band
adjustment - 1•19
Automatic transmission selector light - 13•9
Auxiliary drivebelt - 1•12
Auxiliary driving light - 13•4, 13•6
Auxiliary shaft - 2A•9, 2A•14, 2A•16
Auxiliary warning system components - 13•18
B
Backrests - 12•19, 12•18
Battery - 0•5, 1•8, 1•13, 5•3, 5•4
Battery will not hold a charge for more than
a few days - REF•11
Bleeding the brakes - 10•3
Bleeding the power steering - 11•3
Body corrosion - 0•14
Body damage - 12•2, 12•4
Body electrical system- 13•1et seq
Bodywork and fittings- 12•1et seq
Bodywork repairs - 12•3
Bonnet - 12•4, 12•9
Bonnet release cable - 12•6
Booster battery (jump) starting - 0•10
Boot lid - 12•5
Boot lid lock barrel - 12•7
Brake band adjustment - 1•19, 7B•3
Brake fluid - 1•7, 1•19
Brake hydraulic system - 10•3
Brake pedal effort high to stop vehicle - REF•9
Brake pedal feels spongy when depressed
- REF•9
Brake pedal pulsates when braking hard -
REF•10
Brake pedal travel excessive - REF•9
Brake pipe and hoses - 1•15, 10•10
Brakes binding - REF•10
Braking system- 0•13, 10•1et seq, REF•9
Bulb failure module - 13•19
Bulbs - 13•4, 13•7
Bumper - 12•10, 12•11
Burning - 0•5
C
Cables - 3•8, 4•7, 6•3, 7B•3, 10•11
Caliper - 10•5, 10•6
Camshaft - 2A•7, 2A•14, 2A•17, 2B•14,
2C•12, 2C•13, 2C•15
Camshaft drivebelt - 1•20
Capacities - 1•3
Carbon canister - 4•23
Carburettor stepper motor - 5•10
Catalytic converter - 4•4
Central locking motor - 13•13
Central locking system inoperative, or
unsatisfactory in operation - REF•11
Centre console - 12•15
Cigarette lighter - 13•10
Clock - 13•9, 13•10
Clutch- 6•1et seq, REF•8
Clutch fails to disengage (unable to select
gears) - REF•8
Clutch pedal travels to floor - REF•8
Clutch release bearing and arm - 6•4
Clutch slips (engine speed increases, with
no increase in vehicle speed) - REF•8
CO emissions (mixture) - 0•14
Compliance bushes - 11•9
Compression test - 2A•20, 2B•18, 2C•21
Compressor drivebelt - 3•9
Computer module and bulb - 13•18
Condenser fan and motor - 3•10
Connecting rods - 2A•11, 2A•13, 2A•15,
2B•17, 2C•12, 2C•14, 2C•16
Console light - 13•9
Contents - 0•2
Control assembly - 13•19
Control module - 10•13
Control switches - 13•19
Control units - 13•13
Conversion factors - REF•16
Coolant - 1•6, 1•20
Coolant hoses - 2C•7
Coolant leakage - REF•7
Coolant level switch - 13•18
Coolant temperature sensor - 5•10
Cooling, heating and ventilation systems-
3•1 et seq, REF•7
Corrosion - REF•7
Courtesy light - 13•7
Crankcase ventilation system - 1•19,
2A•12, 2B•3, 2C•15
Crankshaft and bearings - 2A•11, 2A•12,
2A•15, 2B•17, 2B•18, 2C•12, 2C•14,
2C•15
Crankshaft oil seals - 2A•10, 2B•15, 2C•12
Crankshaft speed/position sensor - 5•11
Crossmember insulator - 11•12
Crushing - 0•5
Cushion - 12•18
Cylinder block and bores - 2A•13
Cylinder bores - 2C•14
Cylinder head - 2A•6, 2A•8, 2A•14, 2A•17,
2B•10, 2B•11, 2B•14, 2C•8, 2C•13,
2C•19
D
De-ice thermostat - 3•10
Decarbonising - 2A•14
Dents in bodywork - 12•2
Direction indicator - 13•5, 13•11
Discs - 10•3, 10•4, 10•8
Distributor - 5•5
Door exterior handle - 12•6
Door interior trim panel - 12•7
Door latch assembly - 12•6
Door lights - 13•7
Door lock barrel - 12•6
Door pillar switch - 13•12
Door speakers - 13•21
Door striker plate - 12•6
Door switch - 13•18
Door weatherstrip - 12•7
Door window - 12•8, 12•9
Doors - 0•12, 12•4, 12•7, 12•8, 12•9, 12•10
Downshift mechanism - 7B•3
Drivebelts - 1•12, 1•20, 3•7, 3•9, 11•6
Driveshaft - 1•15, 9•3
Drivetrain - 1•16
E
Earth fault - 13•4
EEC IV module - 5•9
Electric shock - 0•5
Electric windows inoperative, or
unsatisfactory in operation - REF•11
Electrical system - 0•12, 1•8, REF•10
Electronic ignition systems - 5•3
Engine- 2A•1 et seq, 2B•1 et seq, 2C•1 et
seq, REF•6
Engine backfires - REF•7
Engine bay light - 13•8
Engine difficult to start - REF•6
Engine dismantling - 2B•8
Engine electrical systems- 5•1et seq
Engine fails to rotate when attempting to
start - REF•6
Engine hesitates on acceleration - REF•7
Engine idles erratically - REF•6
Engine lacks power - REF•7
Engine management control module - 5•9
Engine management system relays - 5•11
Engine misfires - REF•6, REF•7
Engine mountings - 2A•11, 2B•8, 2C•12
Engine oil and filter - 1•6, 1•9
Engine rotates, but will not start - REF•6
Engine runs-on after switching off - REF•7
Engine stalls - REF•7
Engine starts, but stops immediately -
REF•6
Engine will not start in any gear, or starts in
gears other than Park or Neutral -
REF•9
Entertainment console - 13•22
Environmental considerations - REF•4
ESC II module - 5•3, 5•9
Exhaust emission checks - 0•14
Exhaust gas oxygen (HEGO) sensor - 4•22
Exhaust manifold(s) - 4•21
Exhaust system - 0•13, 1•10, 4•22
Expansion tank - 3•7
IND•1Index
Note: References throughout this index are in the form - “Chapter number” • “page number”
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IND•2
F
Facia panels and trim - 12•12
Fast idle speed adjustment - 4•13
Fault finding- REF•5et seq
Fault-finding - electrical system - 5•3, 13•3
Final drive and driveshafts- 1•15, 9•1et
seq, 11•10, REF•9
Fire - 0•5
Flasher switch and unit - 13•11
Fluid leakage - REF•8
Fluid level checks - 1•6
Flywheel ring gear - 2A•14, 2C•15
Flywheel/driveplate - 2A•9, 2A•16, 2B•15,
2C•11, 2C•17
Foglight - 13•5,13•13
Footbrake - 0•11, 0•12
Footwell lights - 13•8
Fuel and exhaust systems- 0•14, 4•1et seq,
REF•8
Fuel computer components - 13•17
Fuel consumption high - REF•8
Fuel filler lock barrel - 12•7
Fuel filler switch - 13•18
Fuel filter - 1•19, 4•14
Fuel flow sensor - 13•18
Fuel gauge gives false reading - REF•11
Fuel odour - REF•8
Fuel pressure regulator - 4•18
Fuel temperature sensor - 5•12
Fuel trap (carburettor models) - 5•9
Fume or gas intoxication - 0•5
Fumes from exhaust system - REF•8
Fuses - 13•13
G
G (gravity) switch - 10•14
Gaskets - REF•4
Gear linkage - 7A•4
Gear selection problems - REF•8, REF•9
Glossary of technical terms - REF•12
Glovebox light - 13•8
Graphic display module - 13•18
Graphic equaliser - 13•21
Grille - 12•9
H
Handbrake “ON” switch - 13•12
Handbrake - 0•11, 10•11
Handles - 12•6
Hazard warning switch - 13•9, 13•13
HC emissions - 0•14
Headlight - 13•4, 13•6, 13•7, 13•11
Headlining - 12•11
Headphone relay - 13•22
Heated rear window switch - 13•13
Heated seat control switches - 13•13
Heater assembly - 3•7, 3•8, 3•9, 3•10,
13•11, 13•20
High frequency units - 13•22
High pressure hose - 10•10
Hinges - 1•12
Horn - 13•10
Horn emits intermittent or unsatisfactory
sound - REF•11Horn fails to operate - REF•11
Horn inoperative, or unsatisfactory in
operation - REF•11
Horn operates all the time - REF•11
Horn switch plate, slip rings and brushes -
13•10
HT leads - 5•5
HT voltage - 5•3
Hub - 11•11
Hydraulic system seals and hoses - 1•19
Hydraulic unit - 10•8, 10•9, 10•10
Hydrofluoric acid - 0•5
I
Idle mixture - 1•10
Idle speed - 1•10, 4•7, 4•9, 4•11, 4•14, 5•11
Idle speed control valve - 4•15
Idle speed linkage - 1•15
Ignition coil - 5•9
Ignition module - 5•8
Ignition system - 1•17
Ignition timing - 5•7, 5•11
Ignition/no-charge warning light fails to
come on - REF•11
Ignition/no-charge warning light remains
illuminated with engine running - REF•11
Ignition/starter switch - 13•11
Inlet manifold - 1•14, 4•19
Instrument cluster - 13•9, 13•10
Instrument illumination dimmer switch - 13•11
Instrument panel lights - 13•8
Instrument readings inaccurate or erratic -
REF•11
Instruments and electrical equipment - 1•16
Intensive maintenance - 1•6
Interior lights - 13•7
Introduction to the Ford Granada - 0•4
J
Jacking - 0•6
Joint mating faces - REF•4
Joystick fader control - 13•22
Jump starting - 0•10
Jumps out of gear - REF•8
L
Latch locks but will not unlock, or unlocks
but will not lock - REF•11
Leaks - 0•8, 1•10
Lighter - 13•10
Lighting master switch - 13•11
Lights - 13•4, 13•6
Lights inoperative - REF•10
Locknuts, locktabs and washers - REF•4
Locks - 1•12, 12•6, 12•7
Loudspeakers - 13•21, 13•22
Low pressure hose - 10•10
Lower arm - 11•9, 11•12
Lubricant leaks - REF•8
Lubricants and fluids - 1•2
Luggage area light - 13•8
M
Main bearings - 2A•11, 2A•15, 2B•17,
2C•12, 2C•15
Maintenance - bodywork and underframe -
12•1
Maintenance - upholstery and carpets -
12•2
Manifold absolute pressure (MAP) sensor -
5•12
Manifold heater - 5•11
Manual gearbox- 1•11, 2B•6, 2B•7, 7A•1et
seq, REF•8
Manual steering - 11•3
Master cylinder - 10•12
Mirror - 0•11, 12•12, 13•11
Mixture adjustment potentiometer - 4•19
Mixture adjustments - 4•7, 4•9, 4•11, 4•14
Motifs and emblems - 12•10
Motor factors - 0•9
Mountings - 2A•11, 2B•8, 2C•12
N
Needle valve and float - 4•11
Number plate light - 13•5
O
Oil - 1•6, 1•9
Oil filler cap - 1•10
Oil filter - 1•9, 2A•11
Oil leakage from final drive - REF•9
Oil pressure warning light illuminated with
engine running - REF•7
Oil pressure warning switch - 13•12
Oil pump - 2A•10, 2A•12, 2A•16, 2B•16,
2B•17, 2C•11, 2C•14, 2C•17
Oil seals - 2A•10, 2B•15, 2C•12, 9•2, 9•3,
REF•4
On load voltage check - 5•5
Open-circuit - 13•3
Overcooling - REF•7
Overhead console - 12•17
Overheating - REF•7
P
Pads - 1•10, 10•4, 10•5
Parcel shelf - 12•19
Parking light - 13•4
Pedal Travel Sensor (PTS) - 10•14
Pedals - 6•2, 4•6, 10•8
Pierburg 2V carburettor - 4•7, 4•9
Pistons and connecting rods - 2A•11, 2A•13,
2A•15, 2B•17, 2C•12, 2C•14, 2C•16
Pitching and/or rolling around corners, or
during braking - REF•10
Plastic components - 12•3
Poisonous or irrirant substances - 0•5
Power steering - 1•16, 11•3, 11•4, 11•6
Power valve diaphragm - 4•12
Pre-ignition (pinking) or knocking during
acceleration or under load - REF•7
Printed circuit board - 13•20
Propeller shaft- 8•1et seq, REF•9
Pushrods - 2C•13
Index
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Q
Quarter window moulding - 12•10
R
Radiator - 3•3, 12•9
Radio fader light - 13•8
Radio or radio/cassette player - 13•20, 13•21
Rear light cluster - 13•5, 13•6
Recline motor - 13•15
Regulator mechanism - 12•9
Relays - 13•13
Respraying - 12•3
Reversing light switch - 7B•3, 13•12, 13•13
Ride height control - 11•12, 11•13
Road test - 1•16
Rocker shaft - 2C•12
Rotor arm - 5•5
Routine maintenance and servicing- 1•1et
seq
Rust holes or gashes in bodywork - 12•2
S
Safety first! - 0•5
Scalding - 0•5
Scratches in bodywork - 12•2
Screw threads and fastenings - REF•4
Seals and hoses - 1•19
Seat air cushion - 12•17
Seat belts - 0•12, 1•10, 12•17, 12•18
Seats - 0•12, 12•17, 12•18, 13•10, 13•13,
13•15
Selector rod - 7B•4
Servo - 10•12, 10•13, 13•20
Shock absorbers - 0•12, 0•13, 11•12
Short-circuit - 13•4
Side mouldings - 12•10
Sidelight - 13•4
Sliding roof - 12•5, 13•12, 13•16
Spare parts - 0•8
Spark plugs - 1•12, 5•5
Speakers - 13•21, 13•22
Speed control system components - 13•19,
13•20
Speedometer sender unit - 13•16
Spoiler - 12•11
Springs - 0•13, 11•11
Starter inhibitor/reversing light switch -
7B•3, 13•13
Starter motor - 5•4, 5•5
Starter motor noisy or excessively-rough in
engagement - REF•6
Starter motor turns engine slowly - REF•6
Steering and suspension - 0•12, 0•13, 1•15,
1•16, 11•1et seq,REF•10
Steering column- 0•11, 11•5
Steering gear - 11•3
Steering intermediate shaft and flexible
coupling - 11•6Steering play - REF•10
Steering rack bellows - 11•4
Steering stiff - REF•10
Steering wheel - 0•11, 11•4, 11•5
Steering wheel and column -
Stop-light switch - 13•12
Strut - 11•9, 11•10
Stub axle carrier - 11•7
Sump - 2A•9, 2A•16, 2B•15, 2C•9, 2C•19
Switch illumination lights - 13•8
Switches - 13•9, 13•11, 13•12, 13•13,
13•18, 13•19
T
Tailgate - 12•4, 12•7, 13•12, 13•18
Tailgate wash/wipe inoperative, or
unsatisfactory in operation - REF•11
Tailgate window mouldings - 12•10
Tappets - 2C•13
Temperature gauge gives false reading -
REF•11
Temperature gauge sender - 3•7
Thermostat - 3•3
Throttle body - 4•15
Throttle cable - 4•7
Throttle kicker - 4•13
Throttle pedal - 4•6
Throttle position sensor - 4•15
Timing belt - 2A•8, 2A•14, 2A•18
Timing chain - 2B•8, 2B•10, 2C•9, 2C•17
Tools and working facilities- REF•1et seq
Towing - 0•7
Track rod end - 11•6
Transmission fluid brown, or has burned
smell - REF•9
Transmission slips, shifts roughly, is noisy,
or has no drive in forward or reverse
gears - REF•9
Transmission will not downshift (kickdown)
with accelerator pedal fully depressed -
REF•9
Tyre wear - REF•10
Tyres - 0•14, 1•7
U
Ultrasonic sensor - 13•23
Underbody inspection - 1•15
Unleaded fuel - 4•23
V
Vacuum dump valve/switch - 13•19
Vacuum hoses - 2C•7
Vacuum line modification - 7B•4
Vacuum pull-down adjustment - 4•13
Vacuum pump - 13•20
Vacuum servo - 10•12, 10•13, 13•20
Valve block and pump assembly - 10•13
Valve clearances - 1•13, 2A•20, 2C•21Valve grinding - 2A•14
Vane airflow meter(s) - 4•16
Vanity mirror light - 13•7
Vapour separator - 4•7
Vehicle identification - 0•9, 0•12
Vehicle pulls to one side - REF•9, REF•10
Vehicle speed sensor - 5•12
Vibration damper (MT75type gearbox) - 8•4
Viscous-coupled fan - 3•5
W
Wandering or general instability - REF•10
Warning light bulbs - 13•18
Wash/wipe inoperative, or unsatisfactory in
operation - REF•11
Wash/wipe switch - 13•12
Washer fluid - 1•7, 13•19
Washer jets inoperative - REF•11
Washer pump fails to operate - REF•11
Washer pump runs for some time before
fluid is emitted from jets - REF•11
Water pump - 3•5
Water pump/alternator drivebelt - 3•7
Weatherstrip - 12•7
Weber 2V carburettor - 4•9, 4•10
Weber 2V TLD carburettor - 4•11, 4•12,
4•13
Wheel alignment - 11•7
Wheel bearings - 0•13, 11•8, 11•11
Wheel changing - 0•7
Wheel sensors - 10•12
Wheel stud - 11•11
Wheel wobble and vibration - REF•10
Wheels - 0•14, 1•10
Wheels locking under normal braking -
REF•10
Window frame mouldings - 12•10
Window glass - 12•8
Window glass fails to move - REF•11
Window glass slow to move - REF•11
Window glass will only move in one
direction - REF•11
Window operating motor - 13•15
Window operating switch - 13•12
Windscreen - 0•11, 12•9
Windscreen mouldings - 12•10
Windscreen, rear window and headlight
washer components - 13•17
Wiper arms and blades - 13•16
Wiper blades - 1•9
Wiper blades fail to clean the glass
effectively - REF•11
Wiper blades sweep over too large or too
small an area of the glass - REF•11
Wiper motor - 13•17
Wipers fail to operate, or operate very
slowly - REF•11
Wiring diagrams- WD•0 et seq
Working facilities - REF•3
IND•3Index
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