check oil GMC C-SERIES 1999 Owners Manual
[x] Cancel search | Manufacturer: GMC, Model Year: 1999, Model line: C-SERIES, Model: GMC C-SERIES 1999Pages: 328, PDF Size: 2.41 MB
Page 53 of 328
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2-11 Cold Weather Starting (Caterpillar
Diesel)
Because the diesel engine uses compression ignition, it
is harder to start in cold weather than a gasoline engine.
The air intake heater and use of the proper engine oil,
optional engine coolant heaters and optional ether
injection systems help cold weather starting. See the
Caterpillar
Operation & Maintenance Manual for
more information.
Diesel Engine Warm-Up
Several factors affect how quickly your diesel engine
warms up. These can include outside temperature,
engine load, idle time and your vehicle's option content.
Your vehicle may be equipped with some features that
can help the engine reach operating temperature sooner.
Some of these features are discussed below.
Also, remember that an automatic transmission adds
heat to the cooling system through the heat exchanger in
the radiator. Because of this, vehicles equipped with
automatic transmissions are often able to retain engine
coolant heat better than manual transmission vehicles.
See your Caterpillar
Operation & Maintenance manual
for additional diesel engine warm
-up information.
Engine Automatic Shutdown (If Equipped)
Your CHECK GAGES light will come on if the system
senses high engine temperature or low engine oil
pressure. If high engine temperature is detected, you
will also hear a tone alarm at two beats per second. The
alarm and the light will remain on until the condition is
fixed. If the engine temperature condition worsens, the
tone alarm will go to five beats per second. When a low
oil pressure condition is detected, the five beat per
second alarm will come on immediately.
If the system senses low engine coolant, the five beat
per second alarm and the LOW COOLANT warning
light will come on.
The five beats per second tone alarm means that your
engine will shut down in 25 seconds. Pull off the road
and shut off the engine. Don't start it until the reason for
the problem is known, and the problem is fixed. If the
engine shuts down when you are still in traffic, you can
restart the engine and get another 25 seconds of
operation. Do this only if you have to, since there is a
problem that can harm the engine if it isn't fixed.
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2-13
The manual fast idle feature is activated by pressing the
switch on the instrument panel. When the switch is
pressed again, or any of the previous conditions are not
met, manual fast idle will be deactivated.
Manual fast idle can be used to set any desired idle
speed. To set a new temporary engine idle speed:
1. Make sure all of the previously described conditions
are met.
2. Press the accelerator pedal to the desired engine speed.
3. Momentarily press the manual FAST IDLE switch.
The temporary idle speed will be set. This new rpm
level will be remembered by the system until either the
ignition is turned to OFF or a new idle speed is set.
Radiator Shutters -- Caterpillar
(If Equipped)
Radiator shutters aid engine warm-up by blocking the
airflow through the radiator and charge the air cooler to
conserve heat in cold conditions.
The radiator shutters on your vehicle (if equipped)
operate automatically. When the ignition switch is in
RUN or START and the engine temperature is below
195F (90C), the shutters will close, blocking the flow
of air through the radiator and charge the air cooler.When the engine temperature reaches 195F (90C), the
shutters will open to the normal operating position.
Engine Checks Before Operating
When you've started your engine, let it run for 20 to
30 seconds before you put a load on the engine.
But don't leave the vehicle while the engine is running.
During this warm
-up period, check your warning lights
and gages:
If oil pressure doesn't begin to rise within 15 seconds
of starting, stop the engine and find the cause.
If the engine coolant temperature gage needle goes
into the hot area on the gage, stop the engine and
find the cause of the overheating.
If you have air brakes, the dual
-needle air pressure
gage should read at least 105 psi (720 kPa) for both
service systems before you try to move the vehicle.
When air pressure is below 60 psi (420 kPa), the
LOW AIR light will come on and you will hear a
tone alarm. If the pressure doesn't build up or drops
during warm
-up, stop the engine and find the cause
before you try to move the vehicle. Recommended
air pressure before actually driving away is
120 psi (830 kPa).
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2-65
This light should come on when the ignition is on, but
the engine is not running, as a check to show you it is
working. If it does not come on at all, have it repaired.
NOTICE:
If you keep driving your vehicle with this light
on, after a while, your emission controls may not
work as well, your fuel economy may not be as
good and your engine may not run as smoothly.
This could lead to costly repairs that may not be
covered by your warranty.
Engine Oil Pressure Gage
Gasoline Engine Diesel Engine
The engine oil pressure gage, on the lower right portion
of your instrument cluster, shows engine oil pressure
in psi (pounds per square inch) or in kPa (kilopascals).
Oil pressure may vary with outside temperature and oil
viscosity, but readings of 30 to 40 psi (205 to 275 kPa)
on gasoline engines at operating temperature and
moderate road speeds are normal. If you have a diesel
engine, the normal operating range should be between
35 and 70 psi (240 to 480 kPa).
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2-66
A reading in the low pressure zone may be caused by a
dangerously low oil level or other problem.
If you have a Caterpillar
diesel engine, also see your
Caterpillar Operation & Maintenance Manual.
CAUTION:
Don't keep driving if the oil pressure is low. If
you do, your engine can become so hot that it
catches fire. You or others could be burned.
Check your oil as soon as possible and have your
vehicle serviced.
NOTICE:
Damage to your engine from neglected oil
problems can be costly and is not covered by
your warranty.
Change Oil Light (If Equipped)
The CHANGE OIL light
should come on briefly as a
bulb check when you start
the engine. If the light
doesn't come on, have
it serviced.
If the CHANGE OIL light comes on and stays on after
you start the engine, have the oil changed.
For additional information, see ªEngine Oil, When to
Changeº in the Index. To reset the Oil Life Monitor, see
ªEngine Oil Life Monitorº in the Index.
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Page 109 of 328
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2-67 Daytime Running Lamps (DRL)
Indicator Light
This light is located on the
upper cluster portion of the
instrument panel. It goes on
whenever the Daytime
Running Lamps are on. See
ªDaytime Running Lampsº
in the Index.
When it begins to get dark, the DRL indicator light is a
reminder to turn on your headlamps.
Check Gages Indicator Light (If Equipped)
This light will come on as
you're starting the engine,
just as a check.
If it ever comes on and stays on while you are driving,
however, it means that either your engine coolant
temperature gage or your engine oil pressure gage may
be showing a reading in the warning zone.
When the CHECK GAGES light comes on, you will
also hear a warning tone. The tone and the light will stay
activated until the problem is corrected.
This light may also come on if your vehicle is equipped
with the optional automatic engine shutdown system and
engine shutdown has begun. See ªEngine Automatic
Shutdownº in the Index.
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Page 111 of 328
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2-69 Transmission Temperature Gage
(If Equipped)
If you have an automatic
transmission and this gage,
it is to the right of the dash
mounted shift lever, just to
the right of your
floor
-mounted shift lever or
on the lower portion of the
instrument panel to the right
of the steering wheel.
When your ignition is on, the gage shows the
temperature of the transmission oil. A reading in the
warning zone means you must stop driving and check
into the cause. One possible cause is a low oil level in
the transmission.
NOTICE:
If you drive when the transmission temperature
gage is in the warning zone, you can badly
damage the transmission.
Air Pressure Gage (If Equipped)
If your vehicle has air
brakes, this gage at the
center of your instrument
cluster shows the air
pressure for both your front
and rear brake systems.
If the needle on the gage indicates that the air pressure is
below 60 psi (415 kPa), the LOW AIR warning light
will come on. An alarm will also sound if this happens.
The yellow pointer shows the pressure available for the
front system, while the green pointer shows pressure for
the rear. There should be no more than 4 psi (28 kPa)
difference showing between the systems.
Don't drive until both pointers are showing at least
120 psi (830 kPa), so you'll have enough air if you need
to apply your brakes.
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Page 170 of 328
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5-14
After Towing
Block the rear wheels and install axle and propeller
shafts. Check for proper phasing of universal joints.
Apply the emergency brake system before disconnecting
from the towing vehicle. Check and fill the rear axle
with oil as required.
Towing Your Vehicle From the Front
(All Wheels On the Ground)
Your vehicle may be towed on all wheels provided the
steering is working. Remember that the power brakes
and power steering will not have power assist. Vehicles
with air brakes will not have brakes. There must be a
tow bar installed between the towing vehicle and the
disabled vehicle.
Before Towing
Block the wheels of the disabled vehicle. On vehicles
with air brakes, release the emergency brake system by
compressing the brake chamber springs as outlined in
this section. (Note: This is to prevent the possibility of
the emergency brake being applied during towing.)On vehicles with hydraulic brakes, release the
parking brake fully by moving the lever to the
fully
-released position.
On vehicles equipped with an electric/hydraulic parking
brake, remove the propshaft.
Disconnect the propshaft at the rear axle (forward axle
on tandem axle models). Secure the propshaft to the
frame or crossmember.
If there is damage or suspected damage to the axle(s),
remove the axle shafts. Cover the hub openings to
prevent the loss of lubricant or entry of dirt or
foreign objects.
After Towing
Block the rear wheels and install axle and propshafts.
Check for proper phasing of universal joints. Apply
the parking brake system before disconnecting from
the towing vehicle. Check and fill rear axle with oil
as required.
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Page 192 of 328
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5-36
CAUTION:
Never use oil or grease on studs or nuts. If you
do, the nuts might come loose. Your wheel could
fall off, causing a serious accident.
CAUTION:
There are many ways to be hurt badly, or
be killed, while you are trying to change a
truck tire and rim. Follow all of the safety
precautions on the truck jack and
other equipment.
CAUTION: (Continued)
CAUTION: (Continued)
If you try to put air back into a tire that has
run flat, or even a tire that was quite low on
air, without first finding out why it was low
or flat, the tire can have a sudden air
-out.
This could cause you to lose control of the
vehicle and have a serious crash. Don't
refill a flat or very low tire with air without
first having the tire taken off the wheel and
checked for damage.
Use a clip-on chuck and hose extension when you
add air to your tires. You'll need an accurate truck
tire pressure gage. Stand to one side and add the air.
Be sure you don't go over the top inflation pressure
for the tire.
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Page 199 of 328
6-
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6-1
Section 6 Service and Appearance Care
Here you will find information about the care of your vehicle. This section begins with service and fuel information,
and then it shows how to check important fluid and lubricant levels. There is also technical information about your
vehicle, and a part devoted to its appearance care.
6
-2 Service
6
-4 Fuel (Gasoline Engine)
6
-5 Diesel Fuel Requirements and Fuel System
6
-6 Fuels in Foreign Countries (Gasoline Engines)
6
-7 Filling Your Tank
6
-8 Filling a Portable Fuel Container
6
-9 Checking Things Under the Hood
6
-11 Noise Control System
6
-13 Engine Oil (Gasoline Engine)
6
-17 Engine Oil (Caterpillar Diesel Engine)
6
-17 Engine Air Cleaner/Filter
6
-18 Automatic Transmission Fluid
6
-19 Manual Transmission Fluid
6
-20 Rear Axle
6
-20 Rear Axle Shift Motor (Option)
6
-21 Radiator Pressure Cap (Gasoline Engines)
6
-22 Surge Tank Pressure Cap (Diesel Engines)
6
-22 Thermostat6
-23 Engine Coolant (Gasoline Engine)
6
-27 Engine Coolant (Caterpillar Diesel Engine)
6
-28 Power Steering Fluid
6
-29 Windshield Washer Fluid
6
-30 Brakes
6
-36 Electric/Hydraulic Parking Brake Fluid
6
-42 Battery
6
-44 Other Service Items
6
-48 Tires
6
-59 Appearance Care
6
-59 Cleaning the Inside of Your Vehicle
6
-63 Cleaning the Outside Your Vehicle
6
-66 GM Vehicle Care/Appearance Materials
6
-67 Vehicle Identification Number (VIN)
6
-67 Service Parts Identification Label
6
-68 Electrical System
6
-74 Capacities and Specifications
6
-77 Air Conditioning Refrigerants
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Page 204 of 328
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6-6
NOTICE:
If there is water in your diesel fuel and the
weather is warm or humid, fungus and bacteria
can grow in the fuel. They can damage your fuel
system. You'll need a diesel fuel biocide to
sterilize your fuel system. Your dealer can advise
you if you ever need this.
If your fuel tank needs to be purged to remove
water, see your dealer or a qualified technician.
Improper purging can damage your fuel system.
Diesel engine vehicles that stand unused for several
days or weeks can develop water in the fuel from
condensation. It helps to fill the fuel tank if the
diesel engine vehicle will not be used for a time.
Fuels in Foreign Countries
(Gasoline Engines)
If you plan on driving in another country outside the
United States or Canada, the proper fuel may be hard to
find. Never use leaded gasoline or any other fuel not
recommended in the previous text on fuel. Costly repairs
caused by use of improper fuel wouldn't be covered by
your warranty.
To check on fuel availability, ask an auto club, or
contact a major oil company that does business in the
country where you'll be driving.
You can also write us at the following address for
advice. Just tell us where you're going and give your
Vehicle Identification Number (VIN).
General Motors Overseas Distribution Corporation
1908 Colonel Sam Drive
Oshawa, Ontario L1H 8P7
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