fog light GMC CANYON 2022 User Guide
[x] Cancel search | Manufacturer: GMC, Model Year: 2022, Model line: CANYON, Model: GMC CANYON 2022Pages: 361, PDF Size: 6.48 MB
Page 211 of 361

GMC Canyon/Canyon Denali Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-
15275607) - 2022 - CRC - 11/2/21
Driving and Operating 209
{Warning
FCA is a warning system and does not
apply the brakes. When approaching a
slower-moving or stopped vehicle ahead
too rapidly, or when following a vehicle
too closely, FCA may not provide a
warning with enough time to help avoid
a crash. It also may not provide any
warning at all. FCA does not warn of
pedestrians, animals, signs, guardrails,
bridges, construction barrels, or other
objects. Be ready to take action and
apply the brakes. SeeDefensive Driving
0 169.
FCA can be disabled with either the FCA
steering wheel control or, if equipped,
through vehicle personalization. See
“Collision/Detection Systems” underVehicle
Personalization 099.
Detecting the Vehicle Ahead
FCA warnings will not occur unless the FCA
system detects a vehicle ahead. When a
vehicle is detected, the vehicle ahead
indicator will display green. Vehicles may
not be detected on curves, highway exit
ramps, or hills, due to poor visibility; or if a
vehicle ahead is partially blocked by
pedestrians or other objects. FCA will not
detect another vehicle ahead until it is
completely in the driving lane.
{Warning
FCA does not provide a warning to help
avoid a crash, unless it detects a vehicle.
FCA may not detect a vehicle ahead if
the FCA sensor is blocked by dirt, snow,
or ice, or if the windshield is damaged.
It may also not detect a vehicle on
winding or hilly roads, or in conditions
that can limit visibility such as fog, rain,
or snow, or if the headlamps or
windshield are not cleaned or in proper
condition. Keep the windshield,
headlamps, and FCA sensors clean and in
good repair. Collision Alert
When your vehicle approaches another
detected vehicle too rapidly, the red lights
will flash on the windshield. Also, eight
rapid high-pitched beeps will sound from the
front. When this Collision Alert occurs, the
brake system may prepare for driver braking
to occur more rapidly which can cause a
brief, mild deceleration. Continue to apply
the brake pedal as needed. Cruise control
may be disengaged when the Collision Alert
occurs.
Tailgating Alert
The vehicle ahead indicator will display
amber when you are following a detected
vehicle ahead much too closely.
Page 263 of 361

GMC Canyon/Canyon Denali Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-
15275607) - 2022 - CRC - 11/2/21
Vehicle Care 261
The vehicle may not be equipped with all of
the fuses, relays, and features shown.Fuses Usage
F1 TCM BATT –Traction
Control Module Power
F2 ECM BATT –Engine
Control Module Power
F3 A/C CLTCH –Air
Conditioning Clutch
F4 –
F5 ECM/ICCM/FPPM RUN/ CRANK–Integrated
Chassis Control Module
Run/Crank –Engine
Control Module Run/
Crank –Fuel Pump
Power Module Run
Crank
F6 WIPER –Front Wipers
F7 Cargo Lamp/Bed Lighting
F8 INJ EVEN –Fuel
Injectors Even
F9 INJ ODD –Fuel
Injectors Odd Fuses
Usage
F10 ECM IGN –Engine
Control Module Ignition
F11 MISC 1 –Oxygen/Mass
Air Flow/Humidity/
Induction Air
Temperature/Throttle
Inlet Pressure Sensors
F12 Starter
F13 TCM RUN/CRNK –
Traction Control Module
Run/Crank
F14 –
F15 –
F16 –
F17 FRT AXLE ACT –Front
Axle Actuator
F18 –
F19 AERO SHTR –
Aeroshutters
F20 –
F21 FRT BLWR –Front
Blower Fuses
Usage
F22 ABS VLV –Antilock
Brake System Valves
F23 –
F24 TRLR –Trailer
F25 TREC –Transfer Case
Electronic Control
F26 ABS PUMP –Antilock
Brake System Pump
F27 TRLR BRK CNTRL MDL –
Trailer Brake Control
Module
F28 REAR WNDW DEFOG - Rear Window Defogger
F29 –
F30 HTD SEAT DVR –Driver
Heated Seat
F31 –
F32 HTD SEAT PASS –
Passenger Heated Seat
Page 265 of 361

GMC Canyon/Canyon Denali Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-
15275607) - 2022 - CRC - 11/2/21
Vehicle Care 263
FusesUsage
F67 EPS –Electric Power
Steering
F68 –
F69 RVC –Battery
Regulated Voltage
Control
F70 –
F71 –
F72 –
F73 –
F74 GEN –Generator
F75 – Relays
Usage
K1 A/C Clutch –Air
Conditioning Clutch
K2 STRTR –Starter
K3 –
K4 WPR SPD –Wiper
Speed
K5 WPR CNTRL –Wiper
Control
K6 Cargo Lamp/Bed Lighting
K7 PWR TRN –Powertrain
K8 –
K9 –
K10 – Relays
Usage
K11 CHMSL –Center High
Mounted Stop Lamp
K12 –
K13 VAC PUMP –Brake
Vacuum Pump
K14 TRLR PRK LAMPS –
Trailer Park Lamps
K15 RUN/CRNK –Run/Crank
K16 –
K17 REAR WNDW DEFOG –
Rear Window/Mirror
Defogger
Page 308 of 361

GMC Canyon/Canyon Denali Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-
15275607) - 2022 - CRC - 11/2/21
306 Vehicle Care
When using liquid soap cleaners, follow the
directions on the specific cleaner or soap
solution for dilution instructions.
Caution
To prevent damage:
.Never use a razor or any other sharp
object to remove soil from any interior
surface
.Never use a brush with stiff bristles.
.Never rub any surface aggressively or
with too much pressure.
.Do not get any exposed electrical
components wet.
.Do not use laundry detergents or
dishwashing soaps with degreasers. Do
not use solutions that contain strong
or caustic soap.
.Do not heavily saturate the upholstery
when cleaning.
.Do not use solvents or cleaners
containing solvents.
.Do not use disinfecting wipes that are
scented or contain bleach. Do not use
wipes or cleaners that show a color
(Continued)
Caution (Continued)
transfer to the wipe or change the
appearance of the interior surface
when used.
.Do not use scented or gel-type hand
sanitizers. If hand sanitizer comes in
contact with interior surfaces of the
vehicle, blot immediately and clean
with a soft cloth dampened with a
mild soap and water solution.
Interior Glass
To clean, use a microfiber cloth fabric
dampened with water. Wipe droplets left
behind with a clean dry cloth. If necessary,
use a commercial glass cleaner after
cleaning with plain water.
Caution
To prevent scratching, never use abrasive
cleaners on automotive glass. Abrasive
cleaners or aggressive cleaning may
damage the rear window defogger.
Cleaning the windshield with water during
the first three to six months of ownership
will reduce tendency to fog.
Speaker Covers
Vacuum around a speaker cover gently, so
that the speaker will not be damaged. Clean
spots with water and mild soap.
Coated Moldings
Coated moldings should be cleaned.
.When lightly soiled, wipe with a sponge
or soft, lint-free cloth dampened with
water.
.When heavily soiled, use warm soapy
water.
Vinyl/Rubber
If equipped with vinyl floor and rubber floor
mats, use a soft cloth and/or brush
dampened with water to remove dust and
loose dirt. For more thorough cleaning, use
a mild soap and water solution.
{Warning
Do not use cleaners that contain silicone,
wax-based products, or cleaners that
increase gloss on vinyl/rubber floor and
mats. These cleaners can permanently
change the appearance and feel of the
vinyl/rubber and can make the floor (Continued)
Page 353 of 361

GMC Canyon/Canyon Denali Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-
15275607) - 2022 - CRC - 11/2/21
Index 351
E
Electrical Equipment, Add-On . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
Electrical SystemEngine Compartment Fuse Block . . . . . . . 259
Fuses and Circuit Breakers . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
Instrument Panel Fuse Block . . . . . . . . . . . 264
Overload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
Emergency OnStar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341
Engine
Air Cleaner/Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
Check Light (Malfunction Indicator) . . . . . 87
Compartment Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
Coolant Temperature Gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Cooling System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243
Drive Belt Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327
Exhaust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
Fan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
Heater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
Oil Life System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240
Oil Pressure Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Overheating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246
Power Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Running While Parked . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
Entry Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Equipment, Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
Event Data Recorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338 Exit Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Extender, Seat Belt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
Exterior Cargo Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Exterior Lamp Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Exterior Lamps Off Reminder . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Exterior Lighting Battery Saver . . . . . . . . . . 108
F
Fan
Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
Filter, Engine Air Cleaner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
Flash-to-Pass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Flashers, Hazard Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Flat Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283 Changing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285
Floor Mats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308
Fluid
Automatic Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248
Washer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
Fog Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Folding Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Forward Collision Alert (FCA) System . . . . 208
Four-Wheel Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
Drive Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Drive System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194 Frequency Statement
Radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336
Front Axle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
Front Fog Lamp Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Front Seats Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Heated and Ventilated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Fuel Additives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
Economy, Driving for Better . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Filling a Portable Fuel Container . . . . . . . 215
Filling the Tank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
Foreign Countries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
Gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Low Fuel Warning Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Management, Active . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
Prohibited Fuels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
Recommended . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
Top Tier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212
Full-Size Spare Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294
Fuses
Engine Compartment Fuse Block . . . . . . . 259
Fuses and Circuit Breakers . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
Instrument Panel Fuse Block . . . . . . . . . . . 264
Page 355 of 361

GMC Canyon/Canyon Denali Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-
15275607) - 2022 - CRC - 11/2/21
Index 353
L
Labeling, Tire Sidewall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268
LampsDaytime Running (DRL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Dome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Exterior Cargo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Exterior Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Exterior Lamps Off Reminder . . . . . . . . . . 103
Exterior Lighting Battery Saver . . . . . . . . 108
Malfunction Indicator (CheckEngine) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
On Reminder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Lane Departure Warning (LDW) . . . . . . . . . . . 211
Lane Departure Warning Light . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Lap-Shoulder Belt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
LATCH System
Replacing Parts after a Crash . . . . . . . . . . . 64
LATCH, Lower Anchors and Tethers for
Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Lighting Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Exit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Illumination Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Lights Airbag Readiness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Antilock Brake System (ABS)Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 Lights (cont'd)
Brake System Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Charging System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Check Engine (Malfunction
Indicator) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Cruise Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Door Ajar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Engine Oil Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Flash-to-Pass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Four-Wheel-Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Front Fog Lamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
High-Beam On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
High/Low Beam Changer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Hill Descent Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Lane Departure Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Low Fuel Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Seat Belt Reminders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
StabiliTrak OFF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Tire Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Tow/Haul Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Traction Control System (TCS)/StabiliTrak . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Traction Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Limited-Slip Differential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
Locks Automatic Door . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Delayed Locking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Locks (cont'd)
Door . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Lockout Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Power Door . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Loss of Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Low Fuel Warning Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Lower Anchors and Tethers for Children (LATCH System) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Lumbar Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Front Seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
M
MaintenanceRecords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323
Maintenance and Care Additional . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317
Maintenance Schedule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311 Recommended Fluids andLubricants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320
Malfunction Indicator Lamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Manual Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
Manual Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Map Data Updates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .134
Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Media Avoiding Untrusted Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Page 356 of 361

GMC Canyon/Canyon Denali Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada-
15275607) - 2022 - CRC - 11/2/21
354 Index
MessagesEngine Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Vehicle Speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Mirrors Automatic Dimming Rearview . . . . . . . . . . 18
Blind Spot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Convex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Folding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Heated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Manual Rearview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Mirrors, Interior Rearview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Monitor System, Tire Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . 274
Multi-band Antenna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
N
Navigation Connected Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345
Destination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Using the System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Navigation Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
New Vehicle Break-In . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .183
O
Odometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 Trip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Off-Road . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172 Off-Road (cont'd)
Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Oil Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
Engine Oil Life System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240
Pressure Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Older Children, Restraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Online Owner Center . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330
OnStar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339
OnStar Additional Information . . . . . . . . . . . 342
OnStar Emergency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .341
OnStar Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340
OnStar Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .341
Operation Fog Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Outlets Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Overheating, Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246
Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110 Instrument Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
P
Park
Shifting Into . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
Shifting Out of . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
Park Assist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206, 208 Parking
Brake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
Brake and P (Park) Mechanism
Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252
Over Things That Burn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
Parking or Backing Assistance Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
Passenger Airbag Status Indicator . . . . . . . . . 86
Passenger Compartment Air Filter . . . . . . . 167
Passenger Sensing System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Perchlorate Materials Requirements, California . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
Personalization Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Phone Apple CarPlay and Android Auto . . . . . . . 144
Bluetooth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139, 140
Port USB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Positioning Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Power Door Locks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Outlets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Protection, Battery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108
Retained Accessory (RAP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Seat Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23