coolant temperature GMC SIERRA 2019 User Guide

GMC Sierra/Sierra Denali Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/
Mexico-1500-11698638) - 2019 - CRC - 5/14/19
336 Vehicle Care
Caution
Failure to follow the specific
coolant fill procedure could cause
the engine to overheat and could
cause system damage. If coolant
is not visible in the surge tank,
contact your dealer.
If no coolant is visible in the surge
tank, add coolant.
1. Remove the coolant surge tank pressure cap when the cooling
system, including the coolant
surge tank pressure cap and
upper radiator hose, is no
longer hot. Turn the pressure cap slowly
counterclockwise about one full
turn. If a hiss is heard, wait for
that to stop. A hiss means
there is still some pressure left.
2. Keep turning the pressure cap slowly, and remove it.
3. Fill the coolant surge tank with the proper mixture to the full
cold mark.
4. With the coolant surge tank pressure cap off, start the
engine and let it run until the
engine coolant temperature
gauge indicates approximately
90 °C (195 °F).
By this time, the coolant level
inside the coolant surge tank
may be lower. If the level is
lower, add more of the proper
mixture to the coolant surge
tank until the level reaches the
indicated mark.
5. Replace the pressure cap tightly. 6. Verify coolant level after the
engine is shut off and the
coolant is cold. If necessary,
repeat coolant fill procedure
Steps 1–6.
Caution
If the pressure cap is not tightly
installed, coolant loss and engine
damage may occur. Be sure the
cap is properly and tightly
secured.
Engine Overheating
If the vehicle has the Duramax
diesel engine, see the Duramax
diesel supplement.
Caution
Do not run the engine if there is a
leak in the engine cooling system.
This can cause a loss of all
coolant and can damage the
system and vehicle. Have any
leaks fixed right away.

GMC Sierra/Sierra Denali Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/
Mexico-1500-11698638) - 2019 - CRC - 5/14/19
Vehicle Care 337
The vehicle has several indicators
to warn of engine overheating.
There is a coolant temperature
gauge in the vehicle's instrument
cluster. SeeEngine Coolant
Temperature Gauge 0147.
In addition, there are ENGINE
OVERHEATED STOP ENGINE,
ENGINE OVERHEATED IDLE
ENGINE, and ENGINE POWER IS
REDUCED messages in the Driver
Information Center (DIC).
If the decision is made not to lift the
hood when this warning appears,
get service help right away. See
Roadside Assistance Program
0 442.
If the decision is made to lift the
hood, make sure the vehicle is
parked on a level surface.
2.7L L4, 4.3L V6, 5.3L V8, and 6.2L
V8 Engines
Check to see if the engine cooling
fans are running. If the engine is
overheating, the fans should be running. If they are not, do not
continue to run the engine. Have the
vehicle serviced.
If Steam is Coming from the
Engine Compartment
{Warning
Steam and scalding liquids from a
hot cooling system are under
pressure. Turning the pressure
cap, even a little, can cause them
to come out at high speed and
you could be burned. Never turn
the cap when the cooling system,
including the pressure cap, is hot.
Wait for the cooling system and
pressure cap to cool.
If No Steam is Coming from
the Engine Compartment
The ENGINE OVERHEATED STOP
ENGINE or the ENGINE
OVERHEATED IDLE ENGINE
message, along with a low coolant
condition, can indicate a serious
problem.The 2.7L engine will shut down
automatically if the ENGINE
OVERHEATED STOP ENGINE
message displays.
If there is an engine overheat
warning, but no steam is seen or
heard, the problem may not be too
serious. Sometimes the engine can
get a little too hot when the vehicle:
.
Climbs a long hill on a hot day.
. Stops after high-speed driving.
. Idles for long periods in traffic.
. Tows a trailer; see Trailer Towing
0 286.
If the ENGINE OVERHEATED
STOP ENGINE or the ENGINE
OVERHEATED IDLE ENGINE
message appears with no sign of
steam, try this for a minute or so: 1. Turn the air conditioning off.
2. Turn the heater on to the highest temperature and to the
highest fan speed. Open the
windows as necessary.

GMC Sierra/Sierra Denali Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/
Mexico-1500-11698638) - 2019 - CRC - 5/14/19
338 Vehicle Care
3. When it is safe to do so, pull offthe road, shift to P (Park) or
N (Neutral) and let the
engine idle.
If the temperature overheat gauge is
no longer in the overheat zone or an
overheat warning no longer
displays, the vehicle can be driven.
Continue to drive the vehicle slowly
for about 10 minutes. Keep a safe
vehicle distance from the vehicle in
front. If the warning does not come
back on, continue to drive normally
and have the cooling system
checked for proper fill and function.
If the warning continues, pull over,
stop, and park the vehicle
right away.
If there is still no sign of steam and
the vehicle is equipped with an
engine driven cooling fan, push
down the accelerator until the
engine speed is about twice as fast
as normal idle speed for at least
five minutes while the vehicle is
parked. If the warning is still there,
turn off the engine and get everyone
out of the vehicle until it cools down. If there is no sign of steam, idle the
engine for five minutes while
parked. If the warning is still
displayed, turn off the engine until it
cools down.
Overheated Engine
Protection
Operating Mode
If an overheated engine condition
exists and the ENGINE POWER IS
REDUCED message displays, an
overheat protection mode which
alternates firing groups of cylinders
helps to prevent engine damage. In
this mode, a loss in power and
engine performance will be noticed.
This operating mode allows the
vehicle to be driven to a safe place
in an emergency. Driving extended
distances and/or towing a trailer in
the overheat protection mode
should be avoided.
Caution
After driving in the overheated
engine protection operating
mode, the engine oil will be
severely degraded. Any repairs
performed before the engine is
cool may cause engine damage.
Allow the engine to cool before
attempting any repair. Repair the
cause of coolant loss, change the
oil, and reset the oil life system.
See
Engine Oil 0326.
Engine Fan
The vehicle has electric cooling
fan(s). The fans may be heard
spinning at low speed during most
everyday driving. The fans may turn
off if no cooling is required. Under
heavy vehicle loading, trailer towing,
high outside temperatures,
or operation of the air conditioning
system, the fans may change to
high speed and an increase in fan
noise may be heard. This is normal
and indicates that the cooling
system is functioning properly. The

GMC Sierra/Sierra Denali Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/
Mexico-1500-11698638) - 2019 - CRC - 5/14/19
Vehicle Care 339
fans will change to low speed when
additional cooling is no longer
required.
The electric engine cooling fans
may run after the engine has been
turned off. This is normal and no
service is required.
Washer Fluid
What to Use
When windshield washer fluid needs
to be added, be sure to read the
manufacturer's instructions before
use. Use a fluid that has sufficient
protection against freezing in an
area where the temperature may fall
below freezing.
Adding Washer Fluid
The vehicle has a low washer fluid
message on the DIC that comes on
when the washer fluid is low. The
message is displayed for
15 seconds at the start of each
ignition cycle. When the WASHER
FLUID LOW ADD FLUID messagedisplays, washer fluid will need to
be added to the windshield washer
fluid reservoir.
Open the cap with the washer
symbol on it. Add washer fluid until
the tank is full. See
Engine
Compartment Overview 0321 for
reservoir location.
Caution
. Do not use washer fluid that
contains any type of water
repellent coating. This can
cause the wiper blades to
chatter or skip.
(Continued)
Caution (Continued)
.Do not use engine coolant
(antifreeze) in the
windshield washer. It can
damage the windshield
washer system and paint.
. Do not mix water with
ready-to-use washer fluid.
Water can cause the
solution to freeze and
damage the washer fluid
tank and other parts of the
washer system.
. When using concentrated
washer fluid, follow the
manufacturer instructions for
adding water.
. Fill the washer fluid tank
only three-quarters full when
it is very cold. This allows
for fluid expansion if
freezing occurs, which could
damage the tank if it is
completely full.

GMC Sierra/Sierra Denali Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/-
Mexico-1500-11698638) - 2019 - CRC - 5/13/19
466 Index
ChargingWireless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Charging System Light . . . . . . . . . 151
Check Engine Light (MalfunctionIndicator) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Ignition Transmission Lock . . . 348
Child Restraints Infants and Young Children . . . 101
Lower Anchors and Tethersfor Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Older Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Securing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118, 122
Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Circuit Breakers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355
Cleaning Exterior Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 408
Interior Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413
Climate Control Systems . . . . . . . 191 Air Conditioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Dual Automatic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Heating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Cluster, Instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Collision Damage Repair . . . . . . . 445
Compartments Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Compass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134 Connected Services
Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 461
Diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 463
Navigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 460
Connections Connected Services . . . . . . . . . . 461
Control
Hill Descent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
Traction and ElectronicStability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
Control Light
Hill Descent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
Control of a Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
Convex Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Coolant Engine Temperature Gauge . . 147
Engine Temperature
Warning Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
Cooling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191, 193
Cooling System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332
Courtesy Transportation Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 444
Cruise Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255 Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
Cupholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Customer Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . 441
Offices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 440 Customer Assistance (cont'd)
Text Telephone (TTY)
Users . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441
Customer Information
Publications OrderingInformation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 447
Customer Satisfaction Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 438
D
Damage Repair, Collision . . . . . . . 445
Danger, Warning, and Caution . . . . 3
Data CollectionInfotainment System . . . . . . . . . . 451
OnStar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 451
Data Recorders, Event . . . . . . . . . 450
Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
Defensive Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
Delayed Locking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Diagnostics
Connected Services . . . . . . . . . . 463
Differential, Limited-Slip . . . . . . . . 255
Distracted Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
Dome Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
Door Ajar Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
Delayed Locking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46

GMC Sierra/Sierra Denali Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/-
Mexico-1500-11698638) - 2019 - CRC - 5/13/19
Index 467
Door (cont'd)Locks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Power Locks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Drive Belt Routing, Engine . . . . . . 437
Driver Assistance Systems . . . . . 258
Driver Information
Center (DIC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161, 163
Driver Mode Control . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
Driver Mode Control Light . . . . . . 158
Driving Assistance Systems . . . . . . . . . . 265
Characteristics andTowing Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
Defensive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
Drunk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
For Better Fuel Economy . . . . . . . 30
Hill and Mountain Roads . . . . . . 209
If the Vehicle is Stuck . . . . . . . . . .211
Loss of Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
Off-Road . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
Off-Road Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . 202
Vehicle Load Limits . . . . . . . . . . . 212
Wet Roads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
Winter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
Dual Automatic Climate Control System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193E
E85 or FlexFuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
Electric Parking Brake . . . . . . . . . . 245
Electric Parking Brake Light . . . . 154
Electrical Equipment,Add-On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311
Electrical System Engine Compartment FuseBlock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355
Fuses and Circuit Breakers . . . 355
Instrument Panel Fuse
Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359, 361
Overload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354
Electronic Stability Control
(ESC) Off Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Emergency OnStar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 453
Engine Air Cleaner/Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331
Check Light (Malfunction
Indicator) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Compartment Overview . . . . . . . 321
Coolant Temperature Gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Coolant Temperature Warning Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
Cooling System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332
Drive Belt Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . 437 Engine (cont'd)
Exhaust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
Fan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338
Heater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
Oil Life System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328
Oil Pressure Gauge . . . . . . . . . . 146
Oil Pressure Light . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Overheated Protection
Operating Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338
Overheating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336
Power Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Running While Parked . . . . . . . . 232
Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
Engine Air Filter Life System . . . . 330
Entry Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Equipment, Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290
Event Data Recorders . . . . . . . . . . 450
Exit Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Extended Parking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
Extender, Seat Belt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Exterior Cargo Lamps . . . . . . . . . . 185
Exterior Lamp Controls . . . . . . . . . 179
Exterior Lamps Off Reminder . . . 181
Exterior Lighting Battery
Saver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188

GMC Sierra/Sierra Denali Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/-
Mexico-1500-11698638) - 2019 - CRC - 5/13/19
468 Index
F
FanEngine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338
Features Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Filter, Engine Air Cleaner . . . . . . . . . . . 331
Flash-to-Pass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
Flashers, Hazard Warning . . . . . . 183
Flat Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388 Changing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390
FlexFuel E85 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
Floor Console Storage . . . . . . . . . . 128
Floor Mats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 416
Fluid
Automatic Transmission . . . . . . 330
Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341
Four-Wheel DriveTransfer Case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
Washer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339
Fog Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
Folding Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Forward Automatic Braking . . . . . 268
Forward Collision Alert (FCA) System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
Four-Wheel Drive . . . . . . . . . . 239, 345
Four-Wheel-Drive Light . . . . . . . . . 155 Frequency Statement
Radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 448
Front Axle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345
Front Fog Lamp Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
Front Pedestrian Braking (FPB) System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269
Front Seats Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70
Heated and Ventilated . . . . . . . . . . 76
Fuel
Additives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
Economy Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Filling a Portable FuelContainer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280
Filling the Tank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
Foreign Countries . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
Gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Low Fuel Warning Light . . . . . . . 160
Management, Active . . . . . . . . . . 231
Prohibited Fuels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
Recommended . . . . . . . . . . 276, 277
Top Tier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276
Full-Size Spare Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . 399
Fuses Engine Compartment FuseBlock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355
Fuses and Circuit Breakers . . . 355 Fuses (cont'd)
Instrument Panel Fuse
Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359, 361
G
Garage Door Opener . . . . . . . . . . . 175Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
Gas Strut(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350
Gauges Engine Coolant
Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Engine Oil Pressure . . . . . . . . . . 146
Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Odometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Speedometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
Tachometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Trip Odometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Voltmeter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Warning Lights and Indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
General Information Service and Maintenance . . . . . 418
Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
Vehicle Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317
Glove Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
GM Mobility Reimbursement Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 442

GMC Sierra/Sierra Denali Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/-
Mexico-1500-11698638) - 2019 - CRC - 5/13/19
470 Index
Lane Keep Assist Light . . . . . . . . . 156
Lap-Shoulder Belt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
LATCH SystemReplacing Parts after aCrash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .118
LATCH, Lower Anchors and Tethers for Children . . . . . . . . . . . 107
LED Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352
Lighting Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Exit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Illumination Control . . . . . . . . . . . 186
LED . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352
Task . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
Lights Airbag Readiness . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Antilock Brake System
(ABS) Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
Brake System Warning . . . . . . . 153
Charging System . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Check Engine (Malfunction Indicator) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Cruise Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
Door Ajar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
Driver Mode Control . . . . . . . . . . 158
Electric Parking Brake . . . . . . . . 154
Electronic Stability Control (ESC), Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 Lights (cont'd)
Engine Coolant
Temperature Warning . . . . . . . 158
Engine Oil Pressure . . . . . . . . . . 159
Flash-to-Pass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
Four-Wheel-Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
Front Fog Lamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
High-Beam On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
High/Low Beam Changer . . . . . 181
Hill Descent Control . . . . . . . . . . 156
Lane Keep Assist . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156
Low Fuel Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
Seat Belt Reminders . . . . . . . . . . 149
Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
Service Electric Parking
Brake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
Tire Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Tow/Haul Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
Traction Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Limited-Slip Differential . . . . . . . . . 255
Locking Rear Axle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
Locks Automatic Door . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Delayed Locking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Door . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Lockout Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Power Door . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Loss of Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
Low Fuel Warning Light . . . . . . . . . 160
Low-Profile Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365
Lower Anchors and Tethers
for Children (LATCH
System) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107
Lumbar Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Front Seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
M
MaintenanceRecords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433
Maintenance and Care Additional . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 427
Maintenance Schedule . . . . . . . . . 420 Recommended Fluids andLubricants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 430
Transfer Case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
Malfunction Indicator Lamp . . . . . 151
Manual Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Manual Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
Manual Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
Memory Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Memory Seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Messages Engine Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Vehicle Speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170