torque JAGUAR S TYPE 1999 1.G Powertrain Manual

IntroductionAJ-V6/AJ28
3 The new S-TYPE sports sedan has an in-line powertrain and rear wheel drive configuration and is
available with either a 3 Litre V6 or a 4 Litre V8 engine, both normally aspirated. The V6 engine,
designated AJ-V6 is new to the Jaguar range and provides expected Jaguar levels of performance with
smooth power delivery, economy and excellent torque characteristics across the engine speed/load
range. The engine is of a lightweight but rigid design with particular attention paid to minimising noise
and vibration. A major innovation is the use of a variable geometry air intake manifold, which is
controlled, via valves, by the engine management system and produces optimised volumetric efficiency
at all engine speeds. Two stage variable valve timing is also fitted and both systems are optimised
together to achieve the wide torque delivery at all engine speeds.
The V8 engine, designated AJ28, is a developement of the now established engine fitted to the
successfull XK Series sports and XJ Series sedan and incorporates the latest modifications fitted to the
AJ27 variant, in particular the continuously variable valve timing system and air assisted fuel injection.
Both the V6 and V8 engines are fitted with a new, common, electronic throttle which does not require a
mechanical cable. Another new feature, also common to both engines, is the use of a returnless fuel
system to reduce the formation of fuel vapour (evaporative emissions).
A new 5-speed automatic transmission is fitted (with slight differences) to both engines. In certain
markets only, an optional 5-speed manual transmission, with new self-adjusting clutch, is available for
the V6 engine only.
Both engines and the automatic transmission are controlled by a completely new powertrain control
system.

V6 EngineAJ-V6/AJ28
5
Engine Specifications
Configuration 60û V6
Displacement 2967 cc (181 cu. in)
Bore 89.0 mm (3.504 in)
Stroke 79.5 mm (3.130 in)
Compression ratio 10.5 :1
Cylinder head 2 overhead camshafts per bank, 4 valve per cylinder
Firing order 1-4-2-5-3-6
Maximum power DIN - 179 kW (240 BHP) at 6800 RPM
EEC - 175 kW (238 PS) at 6800 RPM
Maximum torque DIN - 300 Nm (221 lbft) at 4500 RPM
EEC - 293 Nm (216 lbft) at 4500 RPM
Oil specification see below
Oil volume 5.7 Litres (6 quarts)
Coolant specification see page 35
Coolant volume 10.4 Litres (11 quarts)
Weight 174 kg (384 lbs)
JOL.29550
50JOL.296
Oil Specification
All markets except the USA and Canada
Engine oil for all markets except the USA and
Canada must be to API specification SJ/ACEA A1
or A3.
The recommended SAE viscosity for different
ranges of ambient temperature are shown in
table 1.
USA/Canada
Engine oil for USA and Canada must be to API
specification SJ/ILSAC GF-2.
The recommended SAE viscosity for different
ranges of ambient temperature are shown in
table 2. For maximum economy and in most
climate conditions, SAE 5W/30 is to be preferred
but SAE 10W/30 or 15W/40 are acceptable in
moderate to hot climates.SAE/TEMPERATURE TABLE 2
SAE/TEMPERATURE TABLE 1

V6 EngineAJ-V6/AJ28
19
Variable Valve Timing (VVT)
A VVT system is used to allow the phasing of the
inlet valve opening to be changed relative to the
fixed timing of the exhaust valves. Two positions
are used, 30û apart, with the advanced position
occurring at 30û BTDC and overlapping with the
exhaust opening. The system is similar to that
previously used on the AJ26 V8 engine but uses
different components and a different oil feed
arrangement.
The operating regime is controlled by the engine
management system in conjunction with the
variable geometry induction system so as to
optimise torque characteristics over the engine
speed/load range. The engine torque curve with
VVT operating points is shown in the section on
the Variable Intake System. The VVT system also
provides increased amounts of ÔinternalÕ EGR
under certain speed/load operating conditions.
VVT Oil Feed
The VVT/sprocket unit is fixed on the nose of the
inlet camshaft via a locating pin and hollow bolt
and is driven directly by the timing chain. Unlike
the VVT systems on the V8 engines, the oil feed
J.303.1288
VVT OIL FEED
J.303.1288
VVT Unit
VVT Oil
Control Valve
D.303.1361
VVT TIMING DIAGRAM
D.303.1361
Inlet Camshaft RetardedInlet Camshaft Advanced
Inlet opens TDC
Exhaust closes
11.5û ATDCInlet opens
30û BTDCExhaust closes
11.5û ATDC
TDC
Inlet closes
36û ABDC
Exhaust
opens 57.5û
BBDC Inlet closes
66û ABDCExhaust opens
57.5û BBDC41.5û Overlap 11.5û Overlap
Inlet Camshaft
Valve Overlap
Exhaust Camshaft

V6 EngineAJ-V6/AJ28
21
Air Induction System
range, the manifold geometry can be set to three
different configurations, each of which maximises
the tuning effect over different parts of the range.
This variable geometry is achieved by the use of
two gate valves, the intake manifold tuning (IMT)
valves, which are controlled by the engine
management system.Air Intake
The air induction system consists of the intake
ducting and air cleaner, the throttle body, tuned
manifold assembly and lower manifold (see Fuel
System).
The air cleaner connects to the throttle body via a
lateral mounted intake pipe with resonator box. A
separate duct, housing the MAF sensor, fits
between the air cleaner and resonator pipe. The
IAT sensor is located in the intake resonator pipe.
Variable Intake System
(see illustration on page 23)
The induction manifold is specially designed to
optimise torque across the engine speed/load
range. The air charge enters the induction
manifold from the throttle body and passes
through a plenum chamber for distribution to the
cylinders via the manifold runners. The function
of the plenum chamber is to provide a resonance
(or maximising) effect such that large pulses of
charge air are produced which will arrive at the
inlet ports at the correct time for induction into
the cylinders. This ram charging action is only
effective over a restricted speed/load range for a
particular plenum chamber volume and geometry.
To extend the effect over the whole engine speed
J.303.1379
AIR INTAKE
J.303.1379
Air CleanerIntake DuctingMAF Sensor
IAT SensorThrottle Body
Tuned Manifold Assembly

V6 Engine AJ-V6/AJ28
24
J.303.1358
TORQUE CHARACTERISTICS
Top inlet manifold tuning valve
Advanced
Closed
325
D.303.1358
Side inlet manifold tuning valve
Open
Closed
Closed
ClosedOpen
Retarded
V. V. T.
175
200
225
250
275
300
125
150
2000700060005000400030001000
Engine Speed (rpm)
Brake Torque (Nm)
chambers via the rear connecting hole,
further increasing the ram effect.via the rear
connecting hole.
System Performance
The valve open/close combinations across the
engine speed range have been selected in
conjunction with the VVT system to provide an
optimised torque curve. Referring to the graph, it
can be seen that there are five states that the IMT
valves and VVT can adopt throughout the engine
speed range.

V8 EngineAJ-V6/AJ28
45
Introduction
The AJ28 engine is a variant of the 4.0L 90û V8 units fitted to the XJ and XK range of vehicles. The AJ28
shares some of the changes incorporated in the current AJ27 engine: both engines are derived from the
original AJ26 unit. A number of features are unique to the AJ28 or are shared with the AJ-V6 engine also
described in this publication.
Features of the AJ28 engine are:
¥ Continuously variable inlet valve timing over a 48û
+
-2û crank angle: as fitted to the AJ27 engine
¥ Full authority cable-less electronic throttle control: as fitted to the AJ-V6 engine
¥ Air assisted fuel injection: similar to system used on the AJ27 engine
¥ Unique induction manifold with centrally mounted throttle body
¥ Returnless fuel system: similar to AJ-V6 engine
¥ Twin wall exhaust manifold
¥ Engine management system as used on the AJ-V6
¥ New sensors
¥ Modified sump and oil cooler
¥ Modified front end ancillary drive and components
Engine Specification
Maximum power DIN - 209 kW (281 BHP) at 6100 RPM
EEC - 203 kW (276 PS) at 6100 RPM
Maximum torque DIN - 390 Nm (287 lbft) at 4300 RPM
EEC - 278 Nm (279 lbft) at 4300 RPM
Oil Specification
All markets except the USA and Canada
Engine oil for all markets except the USA and
Canada must be to API specification SJ/ACEA A1
or A3.
The recommended SAE viscosity for different
ranges of ambient temperature are shown in
table 1.
USA/Canada
Engine oil for USA and Canada must be to API
specification SJ/ILSAC GF-2.
The recommended SAE viscosity for different
ranges of ambient temperature are shown in
table 2. For maximum economy and in most
climate conditions, SAE 5W/30 is to be preferred
but SAE 10W/30 or 15W/40 are acceptable in
moderate to hot climates.
JOL.29550
50JOL.296
SAE/TEMPERATURE TABLE 2
SAE/TEMPERATURE TABLE 1

V8 Engine AJ-V6/AJ28
46
Basic Engine
Bottom End
Changes to the cylinder block, connecting rods
and pistons which were introduced for the AJ27
N/A engine are also applicable to the AJ28 unit
and are described in the ÔXK and XJ series 1999
MY updateÕ Technical Guide.
Oil Sump Body and Pan
A revised oil sump body and sump pan are
necessary to accommodate the V8 engine in the
S-TYPE model but the sump capacity is
unchanged.
D.303.1184
OIL SUMP AND PAN
D.303-1184
J.303.1317
TRANSMISSION DRIVE PLATE
J.303.1317
Transmission Drive Plate
The transmission drive plate is similar to AJ27 but
is fixed with eight bolts to an adaptor plate on the
torque converter (see Transmission sections). The
crankshaft sensor ring is fitted to the engine side
of the drive plate as for the previous V8 engines.

Automatic Transmission AJ-V6/AJ28
62
D.307.321
V8 Engine Adaptor Plate
D.307.321
1. J-gate selector cable lever
2. Range switch
3. Control Module
4. Solenoid block assembly5. Filter assembly
6. Sump
7. Drain plug
Construction and Operation
The transmission housing consists of a one piece
die cast aluminium case with re-inforcement ribs
to minimise noise, vibration, and harshness
(NVH). To allow for the different physical size of
the engines, there are two transmission variants
with different overall lengths and bell housings to
match the respective engines, the V8 variant being
shorter. Different torque converters are necessary
and the V8 variant is also fitted with an adaptorplate to mate the torque converter to the larger
diameter drive plate on the V8 engine.
The main features of the transmission unit are :
¥ torque converter with a twin friction face
lock-up clutch and torsional damper
¥ geartrain consisting of three epicyclic gearsets
¥ shift elements consisting of multi-plate
clutches, brakes and one way clutches
¥ control actuators: four shift solenoids, three
variable force solenoids and a PWM 5R55N AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION
1
3
7
6
5
24