ground LAND ROVER DEFENDER 1996 Owner's Manual

ELECTRICAL
1
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
Description
The electrical system is Negative ground, and it is
most important to ensure correct polarity of electrical
connections at all times. Any incorrect connections
made when reconnecting cables may cause
irreparable damage to semi-conductor devices used in
generator and regulator. Incorrect polarity would also
seriously damage any transistorized equipment such
as a radio.
WARNING: During battery removal or
before carrying out any repairs or
maintenance to electrical components
always disconnect battery negative lead first. If
positive lead is disconnected with negative lead in
place, accidental contact of wrench to any
grounded metal part could cause a severe spark,
possibly resulting in personal injury. Upon
installation of battery positive lead should be
connected first.
GENERATOR
The generator is a three phase, field sensed unit. The
rotor and stator windings produce three phase
alternating current, AC, which is rectified to direct
current, DC. The electronic voltage regulator unit
controls generator output voltage by high frequency
switching of the rotor field circuit. Use only correct
replacement drive belt. Occasionally check that
engine and generator pulleys are accurately aligned.
It is essential that good electrical connections are
maintained at all times. Of particular importance are
those in the charging circuit (including those at
battery) which should be occasionally inspected to
see that they are clean and tight. In this way any
significant increase in circuit resistance can be
prevented.Do not disconnect battery cables while engine is
running or damage to semi-conductor devices may
occur. It is also inadvisable to break or make any
connections in the generator charging and control
circuits while engine is running.
The electronic voltage regulator employs micro-circuit
techniques resulting in improved performance under
difficult service conditions. The whole assembly is
encapsulated in silicone rubber and housed in an
aluminium heat sink, ensuring complete protection
against adverse effects of temperature, dust, and
moisture etc.
The regulating voltage is set during manufacture to
give required regulating voltage range of 14.2±0.2
volts, and no adjustment is necessary. The only
maintenance needed is occasional check on terminal
connections and wiping with a clean dry cloth.
The generator system provides for direct connection
of a charge (ignition) indicator warning lamp, and
eliminates the need for a field switching relay or
warning light control unit. In the event of bulb failure,
an 'exciter' voltage is supplied through a resistor,
wired in parallel to the bulbs, ensuring that generator
output is maintained. The lamp should be checked
regularly.
When using rapid charge equipment to re-charge
battery, the battery must be disconnected from the
vehicle.

86ELECTRICAL
2
REPAIR BATTERY
Service repair no - 86.15.01
NOTE: If the vehicle is fitted with a battery
backed-up alarm sounder, disconnecting
the vehicle battery will cause the alarm to
sound unless the following procedure is followed:
1.Remove LH front seat cushion.
2.Release retaining clip and remove battery
access cover.
3.Slacken battery negative lead clamp bolt.
4.Turn starter switch 'on'.
5.Turn starter switch 'off' and remove key.
6.Disconnect battery WITHIN 15 SECONDS.
If alarm is accidentally activated, ensure sounder is
connected and silence by turning the starter switch to
position 'II'.Remove
WARNING: During battery removal or
before carrying out any repairs or
maintenance to electrical components
always disconnect negative lead first. If positive
lead is disconnected with negative lead in place,
accidental contact of a wrench to any grounded
metal part could cause a severe spark, possibly
resulting in personal injury. Upon installation of
battery always connect positive lead first.
1.Remove LH front seat cushion.
2.Release retaining clip and remove battery
access cover.
3.Disconnect both battery leads, negative first.
4.Slacken securing nuts and move battery clamp,
with 'J' bolts aside.
5.Remove battery.
NOTE: Coat battery clamps and terminals
with petroleum jelly before refitting.
Refit
6.Position battery and secure with clamp. Ensure
'J' bolts are hooked correctly under retaining
brackets on base of battery box.
7.Reconnect battery leads, positive lead first.
8.Fit battery access cover.
9.Fit seat cushion.

86ELECTRICAL
24
REPAIRREV: 05/99 HEADLAMP BEAM ALIGNMENT
Service repair no - 86.40.17
Check
Check main beam alignment using beam setting
equipment. Should this not be available the beam can
be temporarily checked and adjusted as follows:-
1.Position vehicle, unladen, on level ground with
tyres correctly inflated, approximately 4 metres
from a wall or screen, marked as illustrated
below.
2.The beam centres 'A' are measured horizontally
on the vehicle and dimension 'B' vertically from
the ground.
3.Switch on main beam and adjust setting, as
necessary, with trimmer screws.On vehicles fitted with headlamp levelling units, check
and adjust headlamp beam alignment as previously
described, with fascia mounted levelling switch at
position '0'. The headlamps can then be adjusted,
according to load conditions, as follows:-
Position '0' - Driver only, or driver and all front seats
occupied (loadspace empty).
Position '1' - All seats occupied (loadspace empty).
Position '2' - All seats occupied by adults and
loadspace loaded to maximum rear axle weight.
Position '3' - Driver only with loadspace loaded to
maximum rear axle weight.