engine LINCOLN MKZ 2018 Repair Manual

TOWING A TRAILER
WARNINGS
Do not exceed the GVWR or theGAWR specified on the certificationlabel.
Towing trailers beyond themaximum recommended grosstrailer weight exceeds the limit of yourvehicle and could result in enginedamage, transmission damage,structural damage, loss of vehiclecontrol, vehicle rollover and personalinjury.
Note:There may be electrical itemssuch as fuses or relays that can affect
trailer towing operation. See Fuses(page 282).
The load capacity of your vehicle isdesignated by weight not volume. Youmay not necessarily be able to use allavailable space when loading yourvehicle or trailer.
Towing a trailer places extra load on theengine, transmission, axle, brakes, tires,and suspension. Inspect thesecomponents before, during and aftertowing.
Load Placement
To help minimize how trailer movementaffects the vehicle when driving:
•Load the heaviest items closest tothe trailer floor.
•Load the heaviest items in the centerof the left and right side trailer tires.
•Load the heaviest items above thetrailer axles or just slightly forwardtoward the trailer tongue. Do notallow the final trailer tongue weightto go above or below 10-15% of theloaded trailer weight.
•Select a ball mount with the correctrise or drop. When both the loadedvehicle and trailer are connected, thetrailer frame should be level, orslightly angled down toward thevehicle, when viewed from the side.
When driving with a trailer or payload, aslight takeoff vibration or shudder maybe present due to the increased payloadweight. Additional information regardingproper trailer loading and setting yourvehicle up for towing is located in theLoad Carrying chapter. See Load Limit(page 251).
You can also find information in the RV& Trailer Towing Guide available at yourauthorized dealer, or online.
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Towing

Trailer lamps are required on most towedvehicles. Make sure all running lights, brakelights, turn signals and hazard lights areworking.
Before Towing a Trailer
Practice turning, stopping and backing up toget the feel of your vehicle-trailercombination before starting on a trip. Whenturning, make wider turns so the trailerwheels clear curbs and other obstacles.
When Towing a Trailer
•Do not drive faster than 70 mph(113 km/h) during the first 500 mi(800 km).
•Do not make full-throttle starts.
•Check your hitch, electrical connectionsand trailer wheel lug nuts thoroughly afteryou have traveled 50 miles (80kilometers).
•When stopped in congested or heavytraffic during hot weather, place thegearshift in position P to aid engine andtransmission cooling and to help A/Cperformance.
•Turn off the speed control with heavyloads or in hilly terrain. The speed controlmay turn off automatically when you aretowing on long, steep grades.
•Shift to a lower gear when driving downa long or steep hill. Do not apply thebrakes continuously, as they mayoverheat and become less effective.
•If your transmission is equipped with aGrade Assist or Tow/Haul feature, usethis feature when towing. This providesengine braking and helps eliminateexcessive transmission shifting foroptimum fuel economy and transmissioncooling.
•Allow more distance for stopping with atrailer attached. Anticipate stops andbrake gradually.
•Avoid parking on a grade. However, ifyou must park on a grade:
1. Turn the steering wheel to point yourvehicle tires away from traffic flow.
2. Set your vehicle parking brake.
3. Place the automatic transmission inposition P.
4. Place wheel chocks in front and back ofthe trailer wheels. (Chocks not includedwith vehicle.)
Launching or Retrieving a Boat orPersonal Watercraft (PWC)
Note:Disconnect the wiring to the trailerbefore backing the trailer into the water.
Note:Reconnect the wiring to the trailerafter removing the trailer from the water.
When backing down a ramp during boatlaunching or retrieval:
•Do not allow the static water level to riseabove the bottom edge of the rearbumper.
•Do not allow waves to break higher than6 in (15 cm) above the bottom edge ofthe rear bumper.
Exceeding these limits may allow water toenter vehicle components:
•Causing internal damage to thecomponents.
•Affecting driveability, emissions, andreliability.
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Towing

Replace the rear axle lubricant anytime yousubmerge the rear axle in water. Water maycontaminate the rear axle lubricant, which isnot a normal maintenance inspection itemunless there is a possibility of a leak or otheraxle repair is required.
TOWING THE VEHICLE ON FOUR
WHEELS
Emergency Towing
WARNING
If your vehicle has a steering wheellock make sure the ignition is in theaccessory or on position when being towed.
You can flat-tow (all wheels on the ground,regardless of the powertrain/transmissionconfiguration) your disabled vehicle (withoutaccess to wheel dollies, car-hauling trailer,or flatbed transport vehicle) under thefollowing conditions:
•Your vehicle is facing forward so you towit in a forward direction.
•You place the transmission in position N.If you cannot place the transmission inposition N, you may need to override it.See Transmission (page 180).
•Maximum speed is 35 mph (56 km/h).
•Maximum distance is 50 miles (80kilometers).
Recreational Towing
Note: Put your climate control system inrecirculated air mode to prevent exhaustfumes from entering the vehicle. SeeClimate Control (page 137).
Follow these guidelines if you have a needfor recreational (RV) towing. An example ofrecreational towing would be towing yourvehicle behind a motorhome. Theseguidelines are to make sure you do notdamage the transmission during towing.
Vehicles Equipped with a 2.0L Engine
Front-wheel drive (FWD) vehicles CANNOTbe flat-towed (all wheels on the ground) asvehicle or transmission damage may occur.You must place the front wheels on atwo-wheel tow dolly. If you are using a towdolly, follow the instructions specified by theequipment provider.
All-wheel drive (AWD) vehicles CANNOT beflat-towed (all wheels on the ground), asvehicle or transmission damage may occur.It is recommended to tow your vehicle withall four (4) wheels off the ground such aswhen using a car-hauling trailer. Otherwise,you cannot tow your vehicle.
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Towing

Vehicles Equipped with a 3.0L Engine
You can tow your vehicle with all four wheelson the ground using the Neutral Tow feature,or with all four wheels off the ground usinga vehicle transport trailer. If you are using avehicle transport trailer, follow the instructionspecified by the equipment provider.
If you tow your vehicle with all four wheelson the ground:
•Tow only in the forward direction.
•Release the parking brake.
Neutral Tow
Enter Neutral Tow mode by doing thefollowing:
1. Put the ignition in accessory mode bypressing the engine START buttonwithout pressing the brake pedal.
2. Select the neutral tow option under thevehicle settings menu in the informationdisplay. See General Information (page111).
3.Press and hold the OK button to start theneutral tow process.
4. Press the brake pedal and select N onthe push-button transmission.
5. Turn the ignition off by pressing theengine START button without pressingthe brake pedal.
If the process completes successfully:
•the N on the push-button transmissionblinks slowly
•A confirmation message appears in theinformation display.
Note:If the parking brake is applied, amessage appears in the information display.
Note:Do not exceed 65 mph (105 km/h).
Note:Start the engine and allow it to run forfive minutes at the beginning of each dayand every six hours (or fewer). Shut theengine off and verify that a messageappears indicating neutral tow has beenengaged, before continuing to tow.
Exit Neutral Tow mode, make sure theignition is on (engine can be on or off ), pressthe brake pedal and select P on thepush-button transmission.
If the process is completed successfully, amessage appears indicating that neutral towhas disengaged in both the instrumentcluster and push-button transmission displayP.
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Towing

BREAKING-IN
You need to break in new tires forapproximately 300 mi (480 km). During thistime, your vehicle may exhibit some unusualdriving characteristics.
Avoid driving too fast during the first 1,000 mi(1,600 km). Vary your speed frequently andchange up through the gears early. Do notlabor the engine.
Do not tow during the first 1,000 mi(1,600 km).
ECONOMICAL DRIVING
Fuel economy is affected by several thingssuch as how you drive, the conditions youdrive under and how you maintain yourvehicle.
There are some things to keep in mind thatmay improve your fuel economy:
•Accelerate and slow down in a smooth,moderate fashion.
•Drive at steady speeds.
•Anticipate stops; slowing down mayeliminate the need to stop.
•Combine errands and minimizestop-and-go driving (When runningerrands, go to the furthest destinationfirst and then work your way back home).
•Close the windows for high-speeddriving.
•Drive at reasonable speeds.
•Keep the tires properly inflated and useonly the recommended size.
•Use the recommended engine oil.
•Perform all regularly scheduledmaintenance.
There are also some things you may want toavoid doing because they reduce your fueleconomy:
•Avoid sudden or hard accelerations.
•Avoid revving the engine before turningoff the car.
•Avoid long idle periods.
•Do not warm up your vehicle on coldmornings.
•Reduce the use of air conditioning andheat.
•Avoid using speed control in hilly terrain.
•Do not rest your foot on the brake pedalwhile driving.
•Avoid carrying unnecessary weight.
•Avoid adding particular accessories toyour vehicle (e.g. bug deflectors,rollbars/light bars, running boards, skiracks).
•Avoid driving with the wheels out ofalignment.
DRIVING THROUGH WATER
WARNING
Do not drive through flowing or deepwater as you may lose control of yourvehicle.
Note:Driving through standing water cancause vehicle damage.
Note:Engine damage can occur if waterenters the air filter.
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Driving Hints

Note: When you try to restart your vehicleafter a fuel shutoff, the vehicle makes surethat various systems are safe to restart. Once the vehicle determines the systemsare safe, then the vehicle allows you torestart.
Note: In the event that your vehicle doesnot restart after your third attempt, contacta qualified technician.
The fuel pump shutoff stops the flow of fuelto the engine in the event of a moderate tosevere crash. Not every impact causes ashutoff.
Should your vehicle shut off after a crash,you may restart your vehicle.
1. Press START/STOP to switch off yourvehicle.
2.Press the brake pedal and START/STOPto switch on your vehicle.
3. Remove your foot from the brake pedaland press START/STOP to switch offyour vehicle.
4. You can attempt to start the vehicle bypressing the brake pedal andSTART/STOP, or press START/STOPwithout pressing the brake pedal.
JUMP STARTING THE VEHICLE
WARNINGS
Batteries normally produce explosivegases which can cause personal injury.Therefore, do not allow flames, sparks orlighted substances to come near the battery.When working near the battery, always shieldyour face and protect your eyes. Alwaysprovide correct ventilation.
WARNINGS
Keep batteries out of reach of children.Batteries contain sulfuric acid. Avoidcontact with skin, eyes or clothing. Shieldyour eyes when working near the battery toprotect against possible splashing of acidsolution. In case of acid contact with skin oreyes, flush immediately with water for aminimum of 15 minutes and get promptmedical attention. If acid is swallowed, call aphysician immediately.
Use only adequately sized cables withinsulated clamps.
Preparing Your Vehicle
Do not attempt to push-start your automatictransmission vehicle.
Note:Attempting to push-start a vehicle withan automatic transmission may causetransmission damage.
Note:Use only a 12-volt supply to start yourvehicle.
Note:Do not disconnect the battery of thedisabled vehicle as this could damage thevehicle electrical system.
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Roadside Emergencies

Park the booster vehicle close to the hoodof the disabled vehicle, making sure the twovehicles do not touch.
Connecting the Jumper Cables
WARNINGS
Do not connect the end of the secondcable to the negative (-) terminal of thebattery to be jumped. A spark may cause anexplosion of the gases that surround thebattery.
Do not use fuel lines, engine valvecovers, windshield wiper arms, theintake manifold, or hood latch as groundpoints.
Note:Do not attach the end of the positivecable to the studs or L-shaped eyelet locatedabove the positive (+) terminal of yourvehicle’s battery. High current may flowthrough and cause damage to the fuses.
Note:To avoid reverse polarity connections,make sure that you correctly identify thepositive (+) and negative (-) terminals on boththe disabled and booster vehicles beforeconnecting the cables.
Note:Remove the red cap from the positiveprong (B) on your vehicle before connectingthe cables.
A. Negative prong (–).
B. Positive prong (+).
Note:In the illustration, the bottom vehiclerepresents the booster vehicle.
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1. Connect the positive (+) jumper cable tothe positive (+) terminal of the dischargedbattery.
2.Connect the other end of the positive (+)cable to the positive (+) terminal of thebooster vehicle battery.
3. Connect the negative (-) cable to thenegative (-) terminal of the boostervehicle battery.
4.Make the final connection of the negative(-) cable to an exposed metal part of thestalled vehicle's engine, away from thebattery and the fuel injection system, orconnect the negative (-) cable to a groundconnection point if available.
Jump Starting
1. Start the engine of the booster vehicleand rev the engine moderately, or pressthe accelerator gently to keep yourengine speed between 2000 and 3000RPM, as shown in your tachometer.
2. Start the engine of the disabled vehicle.
3. Once the disabled vehicle has beenstarted, run both vehicle engines for anadditional three minutes beforedisconnecting the jumper cables.
Removing the Jumper Cables
Remove the jumper cables in the reverseorder that they were connected.
1. Remove the negative (-) jumper cablefrom the disabled vehicle.
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2. Remove the jumper cable on thenegative (-) terminal of the boostervehicle battery.
3. Remove the jumper cable from thepositive (+) terminal of the booster vehiclebattery.
4. Remove the jumper cable from thepositive (+) terminal of the disabledvehicle battery.
5. Allow the engine to idle for at least oneminute.
POST-CRASH ALERT SYSTEM
The system flashes the direction indicatorsand sounds the horn (intermittently) in theevent of a serious impact that deploys anairbag (front, side, side curtain or SafetyCanopy) or the seatbelt pretensioners.
The horn and indicators turn off when:
•You press the hazard control button.
•You press the panic button on the remoteentry transmitter (if equipped).
•Your vehicle runs out of power.
•Sounding of the horn is only enabled inspecific markets.
TRANSPORTING THE VEHICLE
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In the CAMVAP program, impartial third-partyarbitrators conduct hearings at mutuallyconvenient times and places in an informalenvironment. These impartial arbitratorsreview the positions of the parties, makedecisions and, when appropriate, renderawards to resolve disputes. CAMVAPdecisions are fast, fair, and final as thearbitrator’s award is binding on both you andFord of Canada.
CAMVAP services are available in allCanadian territories and provinces. For moreinformation, without charge or obligation, callyour CAMVAP Provincial Administratordirectly at 1-800-207-0685 or visitwww.camvap.ca.
GETTING ASSISTANCE OUTSIDE
THE U.S. AND CANADA
Before exporting your vehicle to a foreigncountry, contact the appropriate foreignembassy or consulate. These officials caninform you of local vehicle registrationregulations and where to find unleaded fuelor petrol/gas engines or the proper sulfurfuel for diesel engines.
If you cannot find the proper fuelrecommended for your vehicle, contact ourCustomer Relationship Center.
The use of improper fuels in your vehiclewithout proper conversion may damage theeffectiveness of your emission control systemand may cause engine knocking or seriousengine damage. Ford Motor Company orFord of Canada is not responsible for anydamage caused by use of improper fuel.Using improper fuels may also result indifficulty importing your vehicle back into theUnited States.
If your vehicle must be serviced while youare traveling or living in Asia-Pacific Region,Sub-Saharan Africa, U.S. Virgin Islands and/orPuerto Rico , Central America, the Caribbean,and Israel and the Middle East, contact thenearest authorized dealer. If the authorizeddealer cannot help you, contact thecorresponding Ford Customer AssistanceCenter:
FORD MOTOR COMPANY
Customer Relationship Centers in:
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Customer Assistance