wheel LINCOLN NAVIGATOR 2018 Service Manual

GENERAL INFORMATION
Note: Occasional brake noise is normal. Ifa metal-to-metal, continuous grinding orcontinuous squeal sound is present, thebrake linings may be worn-out and anauthorized dealer should check them. If thevehicle has continuous vibration or shudderin the steering wheel while braking, anauthorized dealer should check your vehicle.
Note:Brake dust may accumulate on thewheels, even under normal drivingconditions. Some dust is inevitable as thebrakes wear and does not contribute tobrake noise. See Cleaning the Wheels(page 389).
See Warning Lamps andIndicators (page 113).
Wet brakes result in reduced brakingefficiency. Gently press the brake pedal afew times when driving from a car wash orstanding water to dry the brakes.
Brake Over Accelerator
In the event the accelerator pedal becomesstuck or entrapped, apply steady and firmpressure to the brake pedal to slow thevehicle and reduce engine power. If youexperience this condition, apply the brakesand bring your vehicle to a safe stop. Switchthe engine off, move the transmission to park(P) and apply the parking brake. Inspect theaccelerator pedal and the area around it forany items or debris that may be obstructingits movement.If none are found and thecondition persists, have your vehicle towedto the nearest authorized dealer.
Emergency Brake Assist
Emergency brake assist detects when youbrake heavily by measuring the rate at whichyou press the brake pedal. It providesmaximum braking efficiency as long as youpress the pedal. Emergency brake assistcan reduce stopping distances in criticalsituations.
Anti-lock Brake System
This system helps you maintain steeringcontrol during emergency stops by keepingthe brakes from locking.
This lamp momentarily illuminateswhen you switch the ignition on. Ifthe light does not illuminate duringstart up, remains on or flashes, the anti-lockbraking system may be disabled. Have thesystem checked by an authorized dealer. Ifthe anti-lock brake system is disabled,normal braking is still effective.
If the brake warning lampilluminates with the parking brakereleased, have your brake systemserviced immediately.
It also illuminates momentarily when youswitch the ignition on to confirm the lamp isfunctional. If it does not illuminate when youswitch the ignition on, or begins to flash atany time, have the system checked by anauthorized dealer.
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PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
The traction control system helps avoid drivewheel spin and loss of traction.
If your vehicle begins to slide, the systemapplies the brakes to individual wheels and,when needed, reduces engine power at thesame time. If the wheels spin whenaccelerating on slippery or loose surfaces,the system reduces engine power in orderto increase traction.
USING TRACTION CONTROL
WARNING: The stability and tractioncontrol light illuminates steadily if thesystem detects a failure. Make sure youdid not manually disable the tractioncontrol system using the informationdisplay controls or the switch. If the stabilitycontrol and traction control light is still
illuminating steadily, have the systemserviced by an authorized dealerimmediately. Operating your vehicle withthe traction control disabled could lead toan increased risk of loss of vehicle control,vehicle rollover, personal injury and death.
The system automatically turns on each timeyou switch the ignition on.
If your vehicle is stuck in mud or snow,switching traction control off may bebeneficial as this allows the wheels to spin.
Note:When you switch traction control off,stability control remains fully active.
Switching the System On and Off
You can switch traction control on and offthrough the information display controls. SeeGeneral Information (page 119).
When you switch the system off, a messageand an illuminated icon appear on theinstrument cluster.
Switch traction control on again to return thesystem to normal operations.
Note:Your vehicle may have MyKeyrestrictions regarding this feature. SeePrinciple of Operation (page 68).
System Indicator Lights and Messages
The stability and traction controllight temporarily illuminates onengine start-up and flashes:
•When a driving condition activates eitherof the systems.
•If a problem occurs in either of thesystems.
The stability and traction controloff light temporarily illuminates onengine start-up and stays on whenyou switch the traction control system off.
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PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
WARNING: Vehicle modificationsinvolving braking system, aftermarket roofracks, suspension, steering system, tireconstruction and wheel and tire size maychange the handling characteristics of yourvehicle and may adversely affect theperformance of the electronic stabilitycontrol system. In addition, installing anystereo loudspeakers may interfere withand adversely affect the electronic stabilitycontrol system. Install any aftermarketstereo loudspeaker as far as possible fromthe front center console, the tunnel, andthe front seats in order to minimize the riskof interfering with the electronic stabilitycontrol sensors. Reducing theeffectiveness of the electronic stabilitycontrol system could lead to an increasedrisk of loss of vehicle control, vehiclerollover, personal injury and death.
WARNING: Remember that evenadvanced technology cannot defy the lawsof physics. It’s always possible to losecontrol of a vehicle due to inappropriatedriver input for the conditions. Aggressivedriving on any road condition can causeyou to lose control of your vehicleincreasing the risk of personal injury orproperty damage. Activation of theelectronic stability control system is anindication that at least some of the tireshave exceeded their ability to grip theroad; this could reduce the operator’sability to control the vehicle potentiallyresulting in a loss of vehicle control, vehiclerollover, personal injury and death. If yourelectronic stability control system activates,SLOW DOWN.
The system automatically turns on each timeyou switch the ignition on.
If a fault occurs in either the stability controlor the traction control system, you mayexperience the following conditions:
•The stability and traction control lightilluminates steadily.
•The stability control and traction controlsystems do not enhance your vehicle'sability to maintain traction of the wheels.
If a driving condition activates either thestability control or the traction control systemyou may experience the following conditions:
•The stability and traction control lightflashes.
•Your vehicle slows down.
•Reduced engine power.
•A vibration in the brake pedal.
•The brake pedal is stiffer than usual.
•If the driving condition is severe and yourfoot is not on the brake, the brake pedalmay move as the system applies higherbrake force.
The stability control system has severalfeatures built into it to help you maintaincontrol of your vehicle:
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Stability Control

Electronic Stability Control
The system enhances your vehicle’s abilityto prevent skids or lateral slides by applyingbrakes to one or more of the wheelsindividually and, if necessary, reducingengine power.
Roll Stability Control
The system enhances your vehicle’s abilityto prevent rollovers by detecting yourvehicle’s roll motion and the rate at which itchanges by applying the brakes to one ormore wheels individually.
Traction Control
The system enhances your vehicle’s abilityto maintain traction of the wheels bydetecting and controlling wheel spin. SeeUsing Traction Control (page 232).Vehicle without stability controlskidding off its intended route.A
Vehicle with stability controlmaintaining control on a slipperysurface.
B
USING STABILITY CONTROL
Stability Control and Traction Controlwith Roll Stability Control™ (RSC™)
The system automatically activates when youstart your engine. When the transmission isin reverse (R), they are disabled. You canswitch off the traction control portion of thesystem independently. See Using TractionControl (page 232).
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B
BB
B

When you shift to reverse (R), the sidesensing system provides audible warningswhen your vehicle is moving and obstaclesare detected within 24 in (60 cm) and areinside the driving path of your vehicle. Whenyou stop your vehicle the audible warningstops after two seconds.
Note:Visual distance indication remains onwhen the transmission is in reverse (R).
When you shift to drive (D) or any otherforward gear, for example, low (L), sport (S)or any forward gear in manual transmission,the side sensing system provides audibleand visual distance warnings when yourvehicle is moving below a speed of 5 mph(8 km/h) and obstacles are detected within24 in (60 cm) and are inside the driving pathof your vehicle. Once your vehicle reachesa standstill condition, the audible warningstops after two seconds and visual indicationstops after four seconds.
If the transmission is in neutral (N), the sidesensing system provides visual distanceindication only when your vehicle is movingbelow a speed of 5 mph (8 km/h) and thereis a front or rear parking aid obstacledetected, and the side obstacle is within24 in (60 cm) from the side of your vehicle.When you stop your vehicle the visualdistance indication stops after four seconds.
If the side sensing system is not available,the side distance indicator blocks do notappear.
The side sensing system is not availableunder the following condition:
•If you switch the traction control systemoff.
The side sensing system may not beavailable until you have driven approximatelythe length of your vehicle in order for thesystem to reinitialize if:
•You switch the ignition on, off and backon.
•Your vehicle remains stationary for overtwo minutes.
•The anti-lock brake system is activated.
•The traction control system is activated.
•When the steering wheel angleinformation is not available, the sidesensing system is not available. Thevehicle must be driven at least 492 ft(150 m) above 19 mph (30 km/h) torecover the steering wheel angleinformation.
ACTIVE PARK ASSIST (IF EQUIPPED)
WARNING: You must remain in yourvehicle when the system turns on. At alltimes, you are responsible for controllingyour vehicle, supervising the system andintervening, if required. Failure to take caremay result in the loss of control of yourvehicle, serious personal injury or death.
WARNING: The sensors may notdetect objects in heavy rain or otherconditions that cause interference.
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Parking Aids

WARNING: Active park assist doesnot apply the brakes under anycircumstances.
WARNING: You are responsible forcontrolling your vehicle at all times. Thesystem is designed to be an aid and doesnot relieve you of your responsibility todrive with due care and attention. Failureto follow this instruction could result in theloss of control of your vehicle, personalinjury or death.
Active park assist is a multi-step process andmay require you to shift the transmissionmultiple times. Follow the onscreeninstructions until the parking maneuver iscomplete.
If you are uncomfortable with the proximityto any vehicle or object, you may choose tooverride the system by grabbing the steeringwheel, or by taking full control of your vehicleafter pressing the active park assist button.
Keep your hands, hair, clothing and anyloose items clear of the steering wheel whenusing active park assist.
The sensors are on the front and rearbumpers.
Note:Keep the sensors free from snow, iceand large accumulations of dirt.
Note:Do not cover up the sensors.
Note:Do not clean the sensors with sharpobjects.
Note:The sensors may not detect objectswith surfaces that absorb ultrasonic waves.The sensors may falsely detect objects dueto ultrasonic interference caused bymotorcycle exhausts, truck air brakes orhorns, for example.
Note:If you change any tires, the systemmust recalibrate and may not correctlyoperate for a short time.
The system may not correctly operate in anyof the following conditions:
•You use a spare tire or a tire that issignificantly worn more than the othertires.
•One or more tires are incorrectly inflated.
•You try to park on a tight curve.
•Something passes between the frontbumper and the parking space. Forexample, a pedestrian or cyclist.
•The edge of the neighboring parkedvehicle is high off the ground. Forexample, a bus, tow truck or flatbedtruck.
•The weather conditions are poor. Forexample, during heavy rain, snow, fog,high humidity and high temperatures.
Do not use the system if:
•You have attached an add-on accessoryclose to the sensors on the front or rearof your vehicle. For example, a bike rackor trailer.
•You have attached an overhangingobject to the roof. For example, asurfboard.
•The front bumper, rear bumper or theside sensors are damaged.
•The correct tire size is not in use on yourvehicle. For example, a mini-spare tire.
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Parking Aids

Note:If you drive your vehicle less than 2 ft(0.5 m) or greater than 5 ft (1.5 m) away fromother parked vehicles, the system may notbe able to detect an available parkingspace.
When the system detects a suitable space,a message displays and a tone sounds. Stopyour vehicle and follow the onscreeninstructions. If your vehicle is moving veryslowly, you may have to move forward ashort distance before the system is ready topark.
Note:You must observe that the space thesystem selects remains clear of obstructionsat all times during the maneuver.
Note:The system always offers the lastparking space it detects. For example, if yourvehicle detects multiple spaces when youare driving, it offers the last one.
Note:If the vehicle speed is greater thanapproximately 22 mph (35 km/h), the systemshows a message to instruct you to reducethe vehicle speed.
Automatically Steering into a ParallelParking Space
When you shift into reverse (R), with yourhands off the steering wheel and nothingobstructing its movement, your vehicle steersitself into the space. The system displaysinstructions to move your vehicle backwardand forward in the space.
Note:If the vehicle speed exceedsapproximately 6 mph (9 km/h), you interruptthe maneuver, or the system switches off,you must take full control of your vehicle.
Note:If the system detects an object is veryclose to your vehicle and it may be unsafeto continue the maneuver, it may instruct youto stop your vehicle. The system may notprovide any further instruction. Steeringassistance continues to operate but youmust decide if it is safe to continue themaneuver.
When you believe your vehicle is correctlyparked, or a solid tone sounds and aninformation message appears, bring yourvehicle to a complete stop.
When the Active Park Assist maneuver iscomplete, a tone sounds and an informationmessage appears.
Note:You are responsible for checking howyour vehicle is parked and making anynecessary corrections before leaving yourvehicle.
Deactivating Active Park Assist
You can manually deactivate the system by:
•Pressing the Active Park Assist buttonduring an active maneuver.
•Grabbing the steering wheel during anactive maneuver.
•Driving above 22 mph (35 km/h) for 30seconds when searching for a parkingspace.
•Driving above 31 mph (50 km/h).
•Driving above 6 mph (9 km/h) during anactive maneuver.
•Switching the traction control system off.
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Automatically Steering into a PerpendicularParking Space
When you shift into reverse (R), with yourhands off the steering wheel and nothingobstructing its movement, your vehicle steersitself into the space. The system displaysinstructions to move your vehicle backwardand forward in the space.
Note:If the vehicle speed exceedsapproximately 6 mph (9 km/h), you interruptthe maneuver, or the system switches off,you must take full control of your vehicle.
Note:If the system detects an object is veryclose to your vehicle and it may be unsafeto continue the maneuver, it may instruct youto stop your vehicle. The system may notprovide any further instruction. Steeringassistance continues to operate but youmust decide if it is safe to continue themaneuver.
When you believe your vehicle is correctlyparked, or a solid tone sounds and aninformation message appears, bring yourvehicle to a complete stop.
When the active park assist maneuver iscomplete, a tone sounds and a messageappears.
Note:You are responsible for checking howyour vehicle is parked and making anynecessary corrections before leaving yourvehicle.
Deactivating Active Park Assist
You can manually deactivate the system by:
•Pressing the Active Park Assist buttonduring an active maneuver.
•Grabbing the steering wheel during anactive maneuver.
•Driving above 19 mph (30 km/h) for 30seconds when searching for a parkingspace.
•Driving above 31 mph (50 km/h).
•Driving above 6 mph (9 km/h) during anactive maneuver.
•Switching the traction control system off.
Certain vehicle conditions may alsodeactivate the system, for example:
•The traction control system activates orfails.
•The anti-lock brake system activates orfails.
If the system malfunctions, a messageappears and a tone sounds. Have yourvehicle checked as soon as possible.
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Fixed guideline: Yellow zoneD
Fixed guideline: Red zoneE
Rear bumperF
Active guidelines are only shown with fixedguidelines. To use active guidelines, turnthe steering wheel to point the guidelinestoward an intended path. If you change thesteering wheel position while reversing, yourvehicle might deviate from the originalintended path.
The fixed and active guidelines fade in andout depending on the steering wheelposition. The active guidelines do notdisplay when the steering wheel position isstraight.
Always use caution while reversing. Objectsin the red zone are closest to your vehicleand objects in the green zone are fartheraway. Objects are getting closer to yourvehicle as they move from the green zoneto the yellow or red zones. Use the side viewmirrors and rear view mirror to get bettercoverage on both sides and rear of thevehicle.
Obstacle Distance Indicator (If Equipped)
The system will provide an image of yourvehicle and the sensor zones. The zones willhighlight green, yellow and red when theparking aid sensors detect an object in thecoverage area.
Manual Zoom
WARNING: When manual zoom ison, the full area behind your vehicle maynot show. Be aware of your surroundingswhen using the manual zoom feature.
Note:Manual zoom is only available whenthe transmission is in reverse (R).
Note:When you enable manual zoom, onlythe centerline is shown.
Selectable settings for this feature are Zoomin (+) and Zoom out (-). Press the symbol inthe camera screen to change the view. Thedefault setting is Zoom OFF.
This allows you to get a closer view of anobject behind your vehicle. The zoomedimage keeps the bumper in the image toprovide a reference. The zoom is only activewhile the transmission is in reverse (R).
Rear Camera Delay
Selectable settings for this feature are ONand OFF.
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PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
Cruise control lets you maintain a set speedwithout keeping your foot on the acceleratorpedal. You can use cruise control when yourvehicle speed is greater than 20 mph(30 km/h).
USING CRUISE CONTROL (IF EQUIPPED)
WARNING: Do not use cruise controlon winding roads, in heavy traffic or whenthe road surface is slippery. This couldresult in loss of vehicle control, seriousinjury or death.
WARNING: When you are goingdownhill, your vehicle speed couldincrease above the set speed. The systemdoes not apply the brakes.
Note:Cruise control disengages if thevehicle speed decreases more than 10 mph(16 km/h) below the set speed when drivinguphill.
The cruise controls are on the steeringwheel.
Switching Cruise Control On
Press ON.
The indicator appears in theinformation display.
Setting the Cruise Speed
1. Drive to desired speed.
2. Press SET+ or SET-.
3.Take your foot off the accelerator pedal.
Note:The indicator changes color.
Changing the Set Speed
Note: If you accelerate by pressing theaccelerator pedal, the set speed will notchange. When you release the acceleratorpedal, your vehicle returns to the speed thatyou previously set.
•Press SET+ or SET- to change the setspeed in small increments.
•Press the accelerator or brake pedal untilyou reach the desired speed. Press SET+or SET-.
•Press and hold SET+ or SET-. Releasethe control when you reach the desiredspeed.
Canceling the Set Speed
Press CAN or tap the brake pedal. The setspeed does not erase.
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