suspension LINCOLN NAVIGATOR 2021 Owners Manual

Note:
Avoid driving crosswise or turning on
steep slopes or hills.
Note: Avoid turning on steep slopes or hills.
A danger lies in losing traction, slipping
sideways and possible vehicle roll over.
Whenever driving on a hill, determine
beforehand the route you will use. Do not
drive over the crest of a hill without seeing
what conditions are on the other side. Do
not drive in reverse over a hill without the
aid of an observer.
Driving on Snow and Ice WARNING: If you are driving in
slippery conditions that require tire chains
or cables, then it is critical that you drive
cautiously. Keep speeds down, allow for
longer stopping distances and avoid
aggressive steering to reduce the chances
of a loss of vehicle control which can lead
to serious injury or death. If the rear end
of your vehicle slides while cornering, steer
in the direction of the slide until you regain
control of your vehicle. Four-wheel drive vehicles have advantages
over two-wheel drive vehicles in snow and
ice but can skid like any other vehicle.
Should you start to slide when driving on
snowy or icy roads, turn the steering wheel
in the direction of the slide until you regain
control.
Avoid sudden applications of power and
quick changes of direction on snow and ice.
Apply the accelerator slowly and steadily
when starting from a full stop.
Avoid sudden braking. Although a four-wheel
drive vehicle may accelerate better than a
two-wheel drive vehicle in snow and ice, it
does not stop any faster as braking occurs
at all four wheels. Do not become
overconfident in any road condition.
Make sure you allow sufficient distance
between you and other vehicles for stopping.
Drive slower than usual and consider using
one of the lower gears. In emergency
stopping situations, apply the brake steadily.
Do not pump the brake pedal. See Hints on
Driving With Anti-Lock Brakes
(page 242).
Note: Excessive tire slippage can cause
transmission damage. Maintenance and Modifications
The suspension and steering systems on
your vehicle have been designed and tested
to provide predictable performance whether
loaded or empty. For this reason, we strongly
recommend that you do not make
modifications such as adding or removing
parts, for example, lift kits or stabilizer bars,
or by using replacement parts not equivalent
to the original factory equipment.
We recommend that you use caution when
your vehicle has either a high load or device
such as a ladder or luggage racks. Any
modifications to your vehicle that raise the
center of gravity could cause your vehicle to
roll over when there is a loss of vehicle
control.
Failure to maintain your vehicle correctly
could void the warranty, increase your repair
cost, reduce vehicle performance and
operational capabilities and adversely affect
you and your passenger's safety. We
recommend you frequently inspect your
vehicle's chassis components when your
vehicle is subject to off-road usage.
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(If Equipped)

PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
WARNING: Vehicle modifications
involving braking system, aftermarket roof
racks, suspension, steering system, tire
construction and wheel and tire size may
change the handling characteristics of your
vehicle and may adversely affect the
performance of the electronic stability
control system. In addition, installing any
stereo loudspeakers may interfere with
and adversely affect the electronic stability
control system. Install any aftermarket
stereo loudspeaker as far as possible from
the front center console, the tunnel, and
the front seats in order to minimize the risk
of interfering with the electronic stability
control sensors. Reducing the
effectiveness of the electronic stability
control system could lead to an increased
risk of loss of vehicle control, vehicle
rollover, personal injury and death. WARNING:
Remember that even
advanced technology cannot defy the laws
of physics. It’ s always possible to lose
control of a vehicle due to inappropriate
driver input for the conditions. Aggressive
driving on any road condition can cause
you to lose control of your vehicle
increasing the risk of personal injury or
property damage. Activation of the
electronic stability control system is an
indication that at least some of the tires
have exceeded their ability to grip the
road; this could reduce the operator’ s
ability to control the vehicle potentially
resulting in a loss of vehicle control, vehicle
rollover, personal injury and death. If your
electronic stability control system activates,
SLOW DOWN.
The system automatically turns on each time
you switch the ignition on.
If a fault occurs in either the stability control
or the traction control system, you may
experience the following conditions: •
The stability and traction control light
illuminates steadily.
• The stability control and traction control
systems do not enhance your vehicle's
ability to maintain traction of the wheels.
If a driving condition activates either the
stability control or the traction control system
you may experience the following conditions:
• The stability and traction control light
flashes.
• Your vehicle slows down.
• Reduced engine power.
• A vibration in the brake pedal.
• The brake pedal is stiffer than usual.
• If the driving condition is severe and your
foot is not on the brake, the brake pedal
may move as the system applies higher
brake force.
The stability control system has several
features built into it to help you maintain
control of your vehicle:
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DRIVER ALERT
WARNING: The system is designed
to aid the driver. It is not intended to
replace your attention and judgment. You
are still responsible to drive with due care
and attention. WARNING:
At all times, you are
responsible for controlling your vehicle,
supervising the system and intervening, if
required. Failure to take care may result in
the loss of control of your vehicle, serious
personal injury or death. WARNING:
The system may not
function if the sensor is blocked. WARNING: Take regular rest breaks
if you feel tired. Do not wait for the system
to warn you. WARNING:
Certain driving styles may
result in the system warning you even if
you are not feeling tired. WARNING:
In cold and severe
weather conditions the system may not
function. Rain, snow and spray can all limit
sensor performance. WARNING:
The system will not
operate if the sensor cannot track the road
lane markings. WARNING:
If damage occurs in the
immediate area surrounding the sensor,
have your vehicle checked as soon as
possible. WARNING:
The system may not
correctly operate if your vehicle is fitted
with a suspension kit not approved by us.
Note: Keep the windshield free from
obstructions. For example, bird droppings,
insects and snow or ice.
Note: If the camera is blocked or if the
windshield is damaged, the system may not
function.
Note: If enabled in the menu, the system
activates at speeds above 40 mph (64 km/h). The system automatically monitors your
driving behavior using various inputs
including the front camera sensor.
If the system detects that your driving
alertness is reduced below a certain
threshold, the system will alert you using a
chime and a message in the information
display.
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WARNING: The system may not
correctly operate if your vehicle is fitted
with a suspension kit not approved by us.
Note: The system works above
40 mph
(64 km/h).
Note: The system works as long as the
camera can detect one lane marking.
Note: When you select aid or alert and aid
mode and the system detects no steering
activity for a short period, the system alerts
you to put your hands on the steering wheel.
The system may detect a light grip or touch
on the steering wheel as hands off driving.
Note: The system may not function if the
camera is blocked, or if the windshield is
damaged or dirty. When you switch the system on and it
detects an unintentional drift out of your lane
is likely to occur, the system notifies or
assists you to stay in your lane through the
steering system and information display. In
Alert mode, the system provides a warning
by vibrating the steering wheel. In Aid mode,
the system provides steering assistance by
gently counter steering your vehicle back
into the lane.When the system is functioning in the
combined Alert and Aid mode, the system
first provides steering assistance by gently
counter steering your vehicle back into the
lane, followed by a warning that vibrates the
steering wheel if the vehicle is still out of the
lane markings.
Switching the System On and Off
Note:
The system on or off setting is stored
until it is manually changed, unless a MyKey™
is detected. If the system detects a MyKey™,
it defaults to on and the mode is set to alert. Press the button on the direction indicator
stalk to switch the system on or off.
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Why is the feature not available (line markings are gray) when I can s\
ee the lane markings on the road?
Lane width is too narrow or too wide.
The camera has not been calibrated after a windshield replacement.
Driving on tight roads or on uneven roads. Why does the vehicle not come back toward the middle of the lane, as expected, in the Aid or Aid + Alert mode?
High cross winds are present.
There is a large road crown.
Rough roads, grooves or shoulder drop-offs.
Heavy uneven loading of the vehicle or improper tire inflation pressure.
The tires have been changed, or the suspension has been modified.
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STEERING
Electric Power Steering
WARNING: The electric power
steering system has diagnostic checks that
continuously monitor the system. If a fault
is detected, a message displays in the
information display. Stop your vehicle as
soon as it is safe to do so. Switch the
ignition off. After at least 10 seconds,
switch the ignition on and watch the
information display for a steering system
warning message. If a steering system
warning message returns, have the system
checked as soon as possible. WARNING:
If the system detects an
error, you may not feel a difference in the
steering, however a serious condition may
exist. Have your vehicle checked as soon
as possible. Failure to do so may result in
loss of steering control.
Your vehicle has an electric power steering
system, there is no fluid reservoir, no
maintenance is required. If your vehicle loses electrical power while
you are driving, electric power steering
assistance is lost. The steering system still
operates and you can steer your vehicle
manually. Manually steering your vehicle
requires more effort.
Extreme continuous steering may increase
the effort required for you to steer your
vehicle, this increased effort prevents
overheating and permanent damage to the
steering system. You do not lose the ability
to steer your vehicle manually. Typical
steering and driving maneuvers allow the
system to cool and return to normal
operation.
Steering Tips
If the steering wanders or pulls, check for:
•
Correct tire pressures.
• Uneven tire wear.
• Loose or worn suspension components.
• Loose or worn steering components.
• Improper vehicle alignment. Note:
A high crown in the road or high
crosswinds may also make the steering
seem to wander or pull.
Adaptive Learning
(If Equipped)
The electronic power steering system
adaptive learning helps correct road
irregularities and improves overall handling
and steering feel. It communicates with the
brake system to help operate advanced
stability control and accident avoidance
systems. Additionally, whenever the battery
is disconnected or a new battery installed,
you must drive your vehicle a short distance
before the system relearns the strategy and
reactivates all systems.
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•
NORMAL – For everyday driving. This
mode is a perfect balance of excitement,
comfort and convenience.
• EXCITE – For aggressive on-road driving.
This mode increases throttle response,
provides a sportier steering feel, along
with quicker shifting. The suspension
stiffens, with an emphasis on handling
and control. The transmission also holds
gears longer, helping your vehicle
accelerate faster when shifting gears.
• CONSERVE
– Enables efficient and
responsible driving. It helps deliver
maximum fuel efficiency and increases
driving range.
• NORMAL 4A
– For general on-road
driving. Use this mode on normal firm
surfaces such as dry or wet pavement
and hard packed dirt or gravel roads.
Delivers power to all four wheels, as
required. •
SLIPPERY
– For less than ideal road
conditions, such as snow or ice covered
roads. Slippery mode inspires confidence
without taking away from driving
pleasure. Slippery mode lowers throttle
response and optimizes shifting for
slippery surfaces.
• DEEP CONDITIONS
– Used for crossing
terrain that has deformable deep, rutted
surfaces such as mud, deep snow or
deep sand. Do not use on dry, hard
surfaced roads.
• SLOW CLIMB
– Used when you need
extra power, such as when climbing
steep grades, going through deep sand
or pulling a boat out of a launch ramp.
Do not use on dry, hard surfaced roads.
Slow Climb mode puts you in 4x4 Low
drive line settings.
Note: Slow Climb is only available on
vehicles with 4x4 and a two-speed transfer
case. Note:
The system has diagnostic checks that
continuously monitor the system for proper
operation. Certain drive modes are not
available based on gear shifter position. If
a mode is unavailable due to a system fault
or change in gear shifter position, the mode
defaults to
NORMAL.
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TOWING A TRAILER
WARNING: Towing trailers
beyond the maximum recommended
gross trailer weight exceeds the limit
of your vehicle and could result in
engine damage, transmission damage,
structural damage, loss of vehicle
control, vehicle rollover and personal
injury. WARNING:
Do not exceed the
GVWR or the GAWR specified on the
certification label.
Note: See
Recommended Towing
Weights (page 327).
Your vehicle may have electrical items,
such as fuses or relays, related to
towing.
See Fuses (page 360). Your vehicle's load capacity designation
is by weight, not by volume, so you
cannot necessarily use all available
space when loading a vehicle or trailer.
Towing a trailer places an extra load on
your vehicle's engine, transmission, axle,
brakes, tires and suspension. Inspect
these components periodically during,
and after, any towing operation.
Load Placement
To help minimize how trailer movement
affects your vehicle when driving:
•
Load the heaviest items closest to
the trailer floor.
• Load the heaviest items centered
between the left and right side trailer
tires. •
Load the heaviest items above the
trailer axles or just slightly forward
toward the trailer tongue. Do not
allow the final trailer tongue weight
to go above or below 10-15% of the
loaded trailer weight.
• Select a ball mount with the correct
rise or drop and load capacity. When
both the loaded vehicle and trailer
are connected, the trailer frame
should be level, or slightly angled
down toward your vehicle, when
viewed from the side.
When driving with a trailer or payload, a
slight takeoff vibration or shudder may
be present due to the increased payload
weight. Additional information regarding
proper trailer loading and setting your
vehicle up for towing is located in
another chapter of this manual.
See
Load Limit (page 309).
You can also find information in the
RV
& Trailer Towing Guide available at your
authorized dealer, or online.
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•
Placing the sticker on a surface angled
away from the vehicle reduces
performance. Use a drawbar that
positions the trailer level to the ground
when attached to vehicle. This typically
provides a level surface to mount the
sticker. Place the sticker on a bracket or
other object when no level surface is
available.
• Make sure the entire sticker is on a flat
surface that is completely visible to the
camera. Do not fold the sticker over an
edge on the trailer frame. This can
degrade performance.
• Shadows on the sticker may effect
tracking performance under some
lighting conditions. Moving the sticker to
another location within the allowed
placement area may improve
performance. Use the change sticker
option in your Towing menu if you move
the sticker. •
You can change your sticker location by
going into the Towing menu, selecting
trailer options, selecting change trailer
settings and then selecting the change
sticker option. The previous sticker must
be removed. ONLY ONE STICKER
SHOULD BE PLACED ON THE TRAILER
FOR CORRECT SYSTEM FUNCTION.
• The camera system uses the entered
measurements to help locate the sticker.
Inaccurate measurements will reduce the
system ’s ability to locate the sticker.
Check the measurements entered into
the system are correct. Refer to the step
4 of Pro trailer backup Assist setup for
instructions on measurements.
• You can change your measurement by
going into the Towing menu, selecting
trailer options, selecting change trailer
setting and then selecting the change
sticker option. Disregard the prompt to
remove this sticker and continue to the
next step if you only plan to update the
measurements for the current sticker
location. System will not backup straight:
•
Factors such as the drawbar connection
to the hitch receiver, road camber, road
grade and compliance in the trailer
suspension can influence how straight
the system is able to back your trailer
when the knob is not turned. You can
compensate for the trailer drifting to the
right or left by slowly turning the Pro
Trailer Backup Assist knob until the trailer
is following your desired path and then
holding the knob in that position. If you
would like to recalibrate the system for
straight backing, you can do so with the
following procedure.
• Go into the Towing menu, select trailer
options, select change trailer setting and
then select the change sticker option.
Your saved measurements will be
displayed. Do not change them but
continue to confirm measurements. Once
you confirm the measurements, the
system will then prompt you to perform
the calibration procedure.
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Before Towing a Trailer
Practice turning, stopping and backing up to
get the feel of your vehicle-trailer
combination before starting on a trip. When
turning, make wider turns so the trailer
wheels clear curbs and other obstacles.
When Towing a Trailer
•
Do not drive faster than 70 mph
(113 km/h) during the first 500 mi
(800 km).
• Do not make full-throttle starts.
• Check your hitch, electrical connections
and trailer wheel lug nuts thoroughly after
you have traveled
50 mi (80 km).
• When stopped in congested or heavy
traffic during hot weather, place the
transmission in park (P) to aid engine and
transmission cooling and to help A/C
performance.
• Turn off the speed control when carrying
heavy loads or in hilly terrain. The speed
control may turn off automatically when
you are towing on long, steep grades. •
Shift to a lower gear when driving down
a long or steep hill. Do not apply the
brakes continuously, as they may
overheat and become less effective.
• If your transmission has a Grade Assist
or Tow/Haul feature, use this feature
when towing. This provides engine
braking and helps eliminate excessive
transmission shifting for optimum fuel
economy and transmission cooling.
• If your vehicle has AdvanceTrac with
RSC, this system may turn on during
typical cornering maneuvers with a
heavily loaded trailer. This is normal.
Turning the corner at a slower speed
while towing may reduce this tendency.
• If your vehicle has Adaptive suspension,
you can select NORMAL or SPORT drive
control modes for better experience
when towing a trailer.
See Information
Displays (page 134). •
If you are towing a trailer frequently in
hot weather, hilly conditions, at the gross
combined weight rating (or any
combination of these factors), consider
refilling your rear axle with synthetic gear
lubricant (if the axle is not already filled
with it).
See Capacities and
Specifications (page 438).
• Allow more distance for stopping with a
trailer attached. Anticipate stops and
brake gradually.
• Avoid parking on a grade. However, if
you must park on a grade:
1. Turn the steering wheel to point your vehicle tires away from traffic flow.
2. Set your vehicle parking brake.
3. Place the transmission in park (P).
4. Place wheel chocks in the front and back
of the trailer wheels.
Note: Chocks are not included with your
vehicle.
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