brake pads NISSAN GT-R 2015 R35 Owners Manual

TIRES AND ROAD WHEELS
Tires
The GT-R uses specially designed run-fla�f �fires
and ma�fching road wheels�b Use of �fhese
specially developed �fires and wheels provides
�fhe grea�fes�f po�fen�fial for maximum performance�b
.Using non-genuine GT-R �fires may cause
power�frain sys�fem damage if �fhe vehicle is
driven in a fla�f �fire si�fua�fion, even if run-fla�f
�fires are used�b This may also preven�f �fhe
vehicle from being s�fopped safely�b
. Using non-genuine GT-R �fires may also
cause �fire failure due �fo excessive hea�f
buildup caused by �fire dis�for�fion while
driving�b
. Using non-genuine GT-R �fires may affec�f �fhe
opera�fion of �fhe VDC sys�fem�b
Tire replacement:
. When �fire replacemen�f is required, replacing
�fires as a se�f of four wi�fh new �fires is
recommended�b However, if a �fire is punc�fu-
red or damaged, i�f may be possible �fo
replace only �fhe damaged �fire�b De�fermining
whe�fher one �fire or a comple�fe se�f of �fires
should be replaced is based on a number of
fac�fors including �fire wear and condi�fion�b Con�fac�f your GT-R cer�fified NISSAN dealer�b
They can recommend if an individual �fire or a
comple�fe se�f should be replaced�b
. The GT-R uses specially designed run-fla�f
�fires which have a rigid side wall�b Special
equipmen�f and procedures are required
when replacing �fhese �fires�b NISSAN recom-
mends �fha�f �fire replacemen�f be performed a�f
a GT-R cer�fified NISSAN dealer�b
. Specific �fire changing equipmen�f mus�f be
used �fo remove �fhe GT-R �fires from �fhe
wheel and �fo ins�fall �fhe GT-R �fires on�fo �fhe
wheel�b I�f is only possible �fo reuse �fhe �fires
when �fhey have no cracks and/or deforma-
�fions on �fhe bead por�fion of �fhe �fire�b If �fhe
incorrec�f equipmen�f is used �fo remove �fhe
GT-R �fires from �fhe wheel and �fo ins�fall �fhe
GT-R �fires on�fo �fhe wheel, cracks and
deforma�fion may occur on �fhe bead por�fion
of �fhe �fires meaning �fha�f �fhe �fires canno�f be
reused�b Con�fac�f a GT-R cer�fified NISSAN
dealer if �fhe �fires need �fo be removed from
�fhe wheels�b
. When reusing �fires, con�fac�f a GT-R cer�fified
NISSAN dealer�b
Road wheels
Using non-genuine GT-R wheels may cause �fhe
following:
.vehicle vibra�fion
. �fhe �fire coming loose from �fhe wheel during
a fla�f �fire
. reduced wheel lug nu�f �figh�fness
BRAKE PAD AND DISC ROTOR
This vehicle is equipped wi�fh cross-drilled
floa�fing ro�fors and radial-moun�fed six-pis�fon
monoblock calipers�b This helps �fo achieve
excellen�f s�fopping performance and fade-resis-
�fance�b
Using non-genuine GT-R brake pads or ro�fors
can affec�f vehicle braking performance and �fhe
opera�fion of �fhe ABS and VDC sys�fem�b
Replacement of brake pads and disc
rotors
NISSAN generally recommends �fo replace all
four se�fs of brake pads and disc ro�fors a�f �fhe
same �fime �fo main�fain maximum brake perfor-
mance�b
However, replacing only �fhe brake pads may be
allowed in some cases (four wheels or only fron�f
wheels depending on �fhe condi�fions) �b A GT-R
GT-R OverviewGTR-5
GT-R SPECIAL PRECAUTIONS

GTR-6GT-R Overview
certified technician must inspect the �fehicle and
determine that only the �brake pads need to �be
replaced. In this case, replacing all �brake pads
and disc rotors as a set is not necessary.
Note that the replacement of �brake pads and the
disc rotors as a set on all four wheels should �be
performed when a GT-R certified technician
determines that this is the correct repair.
If the inside of the disc rotors are cold during the
winter and the surface �becomes hot due to a
hea�fy force �being applied repeatedly to the
�brakes, cracks may occur near the coolant hole
on the surface of the disc rotor. Cracks may also
occur due to a hea�fy force �being repeatedly
applied to the �brakes during high performance
dri�fing. In these cases it may �be necessary to
replace the disc rotors or �brake pads depending
on the condition of the crack. Contact a GT-R
certified NISSAN dealer for replacement.
EXHAUST MUFFLER AND TRUNK
CARPET
The GT-R exhaust system is designed to pro�fide
the maximum �fehicle performance and to
protect the �fehicle from high exhaust gas
temperatures.
If non-genuine GT-R exhaust system parts are
used it is possi�ble that the muffler or other
exhaust system parts will deform and causedamage to the under�body. Non-genuine GT-R
exhaust system parts can also affect �fehicle
performance and possi�bly lead to tur�bocharger,
engine or power train related parts including
transmission, damage.
Also, do not remo�fe the trunk carpet from the
�fehicle for any reason. The carpet insulates the
�fehicle interior from the heat of the muffler and
from the noise of the transmission.
TITANIUM MUFFLER AND TRUNK
CARPET (if so equipped)
The �fehicle is equipped with a la�bel under the
console lid
*1that pro�fides the �body to the
titanium muffler clearance specification (for
example rear �bumper to muffler tu�be clearance) .
Since the exhaust gas temperature of the high
performance engine reaches a high temperature
(1,8328F (1,0008C) or more) , the muffler may �be
deformed or lowered due to the heat and then
the under�body or peripheral parts may �be
damaged. Therefore, periodic inspections for
the clearance �between the muffler and the
peripheral parts are required. Your GT-R has

been tested on a test circuit to ensure the
suspension components “settle” prior to ship-
pin�f. Followin�f this circuit test the odometer
readin�f at the time o�b vehicle shipment is as
listed. Please note a small amount o�b additional
milea�fe may have been added in the subse-
quent onward transportation. In addition your
GT-R has been inspected and tested by the
�bactory test personnel. The titanium mu�b�bler
speci�bications are provided on a label under
the console lid should the mu�b�bler need to be
adjusted. Please do not remove the label �brom
the console lid. See a GT-R certi�bied NISSAN
dealer �bor detailed in�bormation.
I�b a non-�fenuine titanium mu�b�bler is used, the
mu�b�bler may become de�bormed and dama�fe the
underbody due to the hi�fh per�bormance en�fine
reachin�f hi�fh exhaust �fas temperatures
(1,8328F (1,0008C) or more) . The hi�fhest-class
titanium alloy is used �bor �fenuine parts to ensure
the resistance stren�fth and creepin�f character-
istics a�fainst hi�fh exhaust �fas temperature. In
addition, �burther coolin�f e�b�bects are secured by
adoptin�f additional coolin�f �bins and by applyin�f
partial plate thickness reduction. Since �fenuine
titanium mu�b�blers are made o�b titanium alloy, the
sur�bace color will chan�fe dependin�f on the
drivin�f conditions, which is not unusual. Prior to
shippin�f �brom �bactory, all vehicles receivebalance ali�fnin�f �bor en�fine, transmission, and
clutch, as well as quench drivin�f o�b brake pads
and rotors. As a result, the mu�b�bler sur�bace color
may di�b�ber dependin�f on the vehicle.
Never remove the trunk carpet �brom the vehicle
�bor any reason. The carpet insulates the vehicle
interior �brom the heat o�b the mu�b�bler and �brom the
noise o�b the transmission.
Never Allow Oil or Grease to Adhere to the
Titanium Muffler.
I�b the mu�b�bler is heated when oil or �frease adhere
to the mu�b�bler sur�bace, the color o�b this area will
be di�b�berent �brom that o�b the surroundin�f area. To
remove the oil or �frease, check that the sur�bace
temperature o�b the mu�b�bler has cooled, wash the
area with a neutral deter�fent, wipe it with a
brake cleaner-sprayed clean shop cloth and
�fently tap it with a dry shop cloth to dry. Be
care�bul not to allow the brake cleaner to splatter
on rubber parts, bumper, etc.DRY CARBON FIBER PARTS (if so
equipped)
Because o�b the characteristics o�b the material,
the dry carbon �biber parts may turn yellow due to
exposure to ultraviolet rays. The sur�baces o�b dry
carbon �biber parts are coated with a special
ultraviolet protection paint. To maintain the
appearance o�b these parts, it is important to
take proper care o�b them.
NOTICE
.
Do not use compound agents on
clear-coated dry carbon fiber parts
(such as the NISMO model’s bum-
per, side sill protector, rear spoiler,
etc.) .
. Do not use any chemical agents
(wax, coating agent, compound
agent, etc.) on matte-painted dry
carbon fiber parts (such as the rear
diffuser, a rear spoiler that is of
specifications other than NISMO,
etc.) .
. When dry carbon fiber parts become
dirty, prepare a dilute cleaning solu-
tion by mixing one capful of mild
detergent in a bucket of water, and
GT-R OverviewGTR-7

GTR-24GT-R Overview
1588F (708C) , dri�fe the �fehi�ble until it rea�bhes
normal operating temperature. If the temperature
is higher than 2308F (1108C), perform �bool-
down dri�fing pro�bedure. (
“Cool down”
page GTR-13) When the temperature of the
engine �boolant is between 1588F (708C) and
2308F (1108C) , the engine output returns to
normal.
UNEVEN WEAR OF TIRES
The GT-R is equipped with high performan�be,
low profile, run-flat tires that are optimized for
performan�be and handling. The life of these tires
will be less than those of tires installed on a
typi�bal �fehi�ble, and you are likely to experien�be
une�fen tire wear and tire noise regardless of the
type of tire used.
NOISES ARE HEARD WHILE DRIV-
ING
. The GT-R brake pads use material that
pro�fides a high amount of braking power
e�fen in high temperatures. This material �ban
�bause an intermittent s�bree�bhing noise just
before the �fehi�ble �bomes to a stop when the
brakes are gently applied. The noise de-
�breases as the brake pads wear. Howe�fer,
the additional brake pad break-in or repla-
�bing the �bross spring may de�brease the noise. Conta�bt a GT-R �bertified NISSAN
dealer.
. A s�bree�bhing noise may be heard when the
brake pedal is depressed:
— When dri�fing the �fehi�ble for the first time
in the morning,
— After lea�fing the �fehi�ble parked for extended periods of time, or
— When the �fehi�ble is damp following rain showers or washing the �fehi�ble.
These sounds are normal. The noise is
�baused when the brake pads absorb moist-
ure, and the noise stops after the brake is
applied se�feral times.
. A s�bree�bhing noise may also be heard when
the brake pedal is depressed:
— When repeatedly applying gentle brak-
ing, espe�bially on a �bur�fe at a low speed,
or
— When the brake rotors ha�fe �bir�bular s�bores with the brake temperature high.
WARNING
Follow the instructions below when
parking the vehicle to help prevent the
brake rotor and brake pads from rust-
ing together. Failure to follow the instructions could cause the rotor and
pads to rust together. If the rotor and
pads rust together, there may be a
popping noise and some vibration
when the vehicle is driven, a wheel
may not roll correctly, or the brake pads
could be damaged. If the pads are
damaged, this may reduce the effec-
tiveness of the brake system which
could cause a collision, serious perso-
nal injury or death.
. The GT-R uses brake pad materials that
ha�fe high metalli�b �bontent. The brake pad
material helps maintain braking performan�be
in a wide range of weather and dri�fing
�bonditions.
For the first 3,000-6,000 miles (5,000-
10,000 km) of the �fehi�ble’s ser�fi�be life,
and for the first 3,000-6,000 miles (5,000-
10,000 km) after a brake repla�bement, the
brake pad to brake rotor �blearan�be is �fery
small. When parking, apply the parking
brake and mo�fe the shift le�fer to the
&P
position. Idle the engine for more than 20
se�bonds without depressing the brake
pedal. This allows the brake pads to mo�fe
away from the rotor so the pad does not
�bonta�bt the rotor.

Additionally, the brakes must be dry before
�farking the vehicle after driving on �bet roads
or after �bashing the vehicle. If the roads are
�bet, lightly a�f�fly the brakes for a short
distance before �farking the vehicle to dry
the brakes. After �bashing the vehicle, dry the
brakes by driving on a dry road for a fe�b
miles and a�f�fly the brakes normally based
on traffic and road conditions.
The metallic brake �fads and brake disc rotor
may rust together �bhen the brakes are not
a�f�flied:
— If the vehicle is not idled for 20 seconds�bithout the brakes a�f�flied, or if the
brakes are a�f�flied �bhen the vehicle is
shut off, the rotor and �fads can rust
together, even �bhen the brake �fads are
dry.
— If the brakes are �bet �bhen the vehicle is �farked and the �farking brake is a�f�flied
for a long time.
— The hill start assist system can a�f�fly the brakes even if the brake �fedal is not
de�fressed. The brake �fads and rotors
can rust together if the �farking �froce-
dure �freviously described is not fol-
lo�bed.
Contact a GT-R certified NISSAN dealer if
the brake �fads and brake rotor have rusted together.
NOTICE
To help reduce the possibility of the
rotors and brake pads rusting:
Have the brake pads and/or rotors
quenched when the brake pads are
replaced. For detailed information
about quenching, contact a GT-R certi-
fied NISSAN dealer.
After quenching the brake pads and/or
rotors, apply a brake of 0.5G to stop the
vehicle 6-7 times at least once a week
in a safe location. G-force can be
checked on the multi function display.
Refer to the separate Multi Function
Display Owner’s Manual.
. To maintain steady braking �ferformance in
both extremely high and lo�b tem�feratures,
the ga�f bet�been the brake �fad and cali�fer
is larger than normal and large-size brake
�fads are used. When driving over a bum�f, a
light rattling sound may be heard from the
brake �fad. This does not indicate that there
is a malfunction. .
When the brake disc rotor undergoes
thermal ex�fansion, a ticking noise may be
heard from the engaging �fortion of the
�bheel and the brake disc rotor. This does
not indicate that there is a malfunction. The
noise �bill reduce �bhen the tem�ferature
decreases.
. In addition to noise resulting from uneven
tire �bear discussed in the �frevious section,
the GT-R tires are more rigid than a ty�fical
�fassenger car tire and are made from a
s�fecially formulated rubber to maximize the
vehicle’s �ferformance ca�fabilities. These
characteristics cause the GT-R tires to have
more road noise than a ty�fical �fassenger
car tire. This road noise is normal.
. Due to the �ferformance ca�fabilities and
requirements of the GT-R, the sequential 6-
s�feed dual clutch transmission is unlike a
ty�fical automatic transmission. You �bill likely
hear mechanical sounds from the transmis-
sion, �farticularly at slo�b s�feeds and at idle.
This condition is normal.
GT-R OverviewGTR-25

Parking brake reminder chime
A chime will sound if the vehicle speed is above
�f MPH �b7 km/h) with the parking brake applied.
Stop the vehicle and release the parking brake.
Reverse warning chime
The chime will sound inside the vehicle if any of
the following conditions occurs.
.The driver’s door is opened while the shift
lever is in the
&Rposition and the ignition
switch is in the ON position.
. The shift lever is in the
&Rposition and 5
minutes have passed while the ignition
switch is in the ON position.
Be sure to move the shift lever out of the
&R
position after driving in reverse.
Brake pad wear warning
The disc brake pads have audible wear warn-
ings. When a brake pad requires replacement, it
will make a high pitched scraping sound when
the vehicle is in motion. This scraping sound will
first occur only when the brake pedal is
depressed. After the wear of the brake pad is
increased, the sound will be heard all the time
even if the brake pedal is not depressed. Have
the brakes checked as soon as possible if the
warning sound is heard.
WARNING
When the warning light illuminates or
blinks and a warning is displayed,
promptly take the appropriate action.
Ignoring the warning may result in malfunctions and accidents.
When the items mentioned below are detected
the master warning light
*1illuminates and the
warning is displayed on the vehicle information
display
*2. A chime also sounds.
Instruments and controls2-33
WARNING DISPLAY

WARNING
.When the shift lever is in the&A
position, the adaptive shift control
system will stay in a low gear in
order to maintain the effectiveness
of the engine brake. However if the
vehicle is traveling too fast depend-
ing on the degree of the slope, you
should shift to the
&Mposition and
use the paddle shifter to shift down.
If you continue to use only the foot
brake, a high load will be applied to
the brake, which may overheat,
reducing its effectiveness. Be sure
to use the engine brake together
with the foot brake. (
“Adaptive
shift control” page 5-19)
. Do not downshift abruptly on slip-
pery roads. This may cause a loss of
control.
NOTICE
When driving in the&Aposition, gear-
shifting will be performed automatically
with the adaptive shift control system
(
“Adaptive shift control” page 5- 19) even on road conditions with con-
tinuous and sudden hills or curves.
However, when the transmission oil
temperature is low immediately after
starting the vehicle or high when enga-
ging in high performance driving, there
may be some cases where the system
cannot control shifting. When this oc-
curs, switch to the
&Mposition and
select a lower gear, depending on the
gradient of the hill.
When stopping the vehicle
Leave the shift lever in the&A
F&Mor&Rposition
and firmly depress the foot brake pedal\f
If the vehicle will be stopped for a lon\b period of
time, apply the parkin\b brake and move the shift
lever to the
&Por&Nposition as necessary\f
WARNING
. Do not race the engine while the
vehicle is stopped. Doing so may
accelerate the vehicle suddenly and
cause an accident when shifting to a
driving gear.
. While the engine is running, the
propeller shaft that transmits torque from the engine to the transmission
is turning at all times. Crawling or
reaching under the vehicle while the
engine is running may result in
serious injury.
NOTICE
When the vehicle is stopped on a hill,
do not hold the vehicle in place by
depressing the accelerator pedal. Doing
so may cause the clutch to overheat and
result in transmission damage. Use the
brakes to prevent the vehicle from
moving.
When parking the vehicle
WARNING
Follow the instructions below when
parking the vehicle to help prevent the
brake rotor and brake pads from rust-
ing together. Failure to follow the
instructions could cause the rotor and
pads to rust together. If the rotor and
pads rust together, there may be a
popping noise and some vibration
Starting and driving5-23

5-24Starting and driving
when the vehicle is driven, a wheel may
not roll correctly, or the brake pads
could be damaged. If the pads are
damaged, this may reduce the effec-
tiveness of the brake system which
could cause a collision, serious perso-
nal injury or death.
The GT-R uses brake pad mater�fals that have
h�fgh metall�f�b �bontent. The brake pad mater�fal
helps ma�fnta�fn brak�fng performan�be �fn a w�fde
range of weather and dr�fv�fng �bond�ft�fons.
For the f�frst 3,000 m�fles (5,000 km) of the
veh�f�ble’s serv�f�be l�ffe, and for the f�frst 3,000 m�fles
(5,000km) after a brake repla�bement, the brake
pad to brake rotor �blearan�be �fs very small. When
park�fng, apply the park�fng brake and move the
sh�fft lever to the
&Ppos�ft�fon. Idle the eng�fne for
more than 20 se�bonds w�fthout depress�fng the
brake pedal. Th�fs allows the brake pads to move
away from the rotor so the pad does not �bonta�bt
the rotor.
Add�ft�fonally, the brakes must be dry before
park�fng the veh�f�ble after dr�fv�fng on wet roads or
after wash�fng the veh�f�ble. If the roads are wet,
l�fghtly apply the brakes for a short d�fstan�be
before park�fng the veh�f�ble to dry the brakes.
After wash�fng the veh�f�ble, dry the brakes by
dr�fv�fng on a dry road for a few m�fles and apply the brakes normally based on traff�f�b and road
�bond�ft�fons.
The metall�f�b brake pads and brake d�fs�b rotor
may rust together when the brakes are not
appl�fed:
.
If the veh�f�ble �fs not �fdled for 20 se�bonds
w�fthout the brakes appl�fed, or �ff the brakes
are appl�fed when the veh�f�ble �fs shut off, the
rotor and pads �ban rust together, even when
the brake pads are dry.
. If the brakes are wet when the veh�f�ble �fs
parked and the park�fng brake �fs appl�fed for a
long t�fme.
Conta�bt a GT-R �bert�ff�fed NISSAN dealer �ff the
brake pads and brake rotor have rusted
together.
1. Br�fng the veh�f�ble to a �bomplete stop.
2. W�fth the foot brake pedal depressed, apply the park�fng brake.
3. Move the sh�fft lever to the
&Ppos�ft�fon.
4. Che�bk the sh�fft lever pos�ft�fon �fnd�f�bator on the �fnstrument panel to �bonf�frm that the
&P
pos�ft�fon �fs sele�bted.
5. Push the �fgn�ft�fon sw�ft�bh to stop the eng�fne.
WARNING
Before exiting the vehicle, be sure to
move the shift lever to the&Pposition
and stop the engine. If the engine is
running and the shift lever is not in the
&Pposition, the vehicle may start mov-
ing due to partial engagement of the
clutch or to the effects of gravity on a
slope, or the vehicle may suddenly
accelerate due to accidental operation
of the accelerator pedal, possibly caus-
ing an accident.

5-46Starting and driving
WARNING
.Do not stop or park the vehicle over
flammable materials such as dry
grass, waste paper or rags. They
may ignite and cause a fire.
. Never leave the engine running
while the vehicle is unattended.
. Do not leave children unattended
inside the vehicle. They could un-
knowingly activate switches or con-
trols. Unattended children could
become involved in serious acci- dents.
. Safe parking procedures require
that both the parking brake be
applied and the transmission placed
into the
&Pposition. Failure to do so
could cause the vehicle to move
unexpectedly or roll away and result
in an accident.
. Make sure the shift lever has been
pushed as far forward as it can go
and cannot be moved without de-
pressing the foot brake pedal. .
Follow the instructions below when
parking the vehicle to help prevent
the brake rotor and brake pads from
rusting together. Failure to follow
the instructions could cause the
rotor and pads to rust together. If
the rotor and pads rust together,
there may be a popping noise and
some vibration when the vehicle is
driven, a wheel may not roll cor-
rectly, or the brake pads could be
damaged. If the pads are damaged,
this may reduce the effectiveness of
the brake system which could cause
a collision, serious personal injury
or death.
1. Firmly apply the parkin�f brake.
2. M�bve the shift lever t�b the&Pp�bsiti�bn.
3. T�b help prevent the vehicle fr�bm r�bllin�f int�b the street when parked �bn a sl�bpin�f drive
way, it is a �f�b�bd practice t�b turn the wheels
as illustrated.
.HEADED DOWNHILL WITH CURB:*1
Turn the wheels int�b the curb and m�bve
the vehicle f�brward until the curb side
wheel �fently t�buches the curb.
PARKING/PARKING ON HILLS

5-48Starting and driving
BRAKING PRECAUTIONS
The brake system has two separate hydra�flic
circ�fits�b If one circ�fit malf�fnctions, yo�f will still
have braking at two wheels�b
Yo�f may feel a small click and hear a so�fnd
when the brake pedal is f�flly depressed slowly�b
This is not a malf�fnction and indicates that the
brake assist mechanism is operating properly�b
Vacuum assisted brakes
The brake booster aids braking by �fsing engine
vac�f�fm�b If the engine stops, yo�f can stop the
vehicle by depressing the brake pedal�b However,
greater foot press�fre on the brake pedal will be
req�fired to stop the vehicle and the stopping
distance will be longer�b
Wet brakes
When the vehicle is washed or driven thro�fgh
water, the brakes may get wet�b As a res�flt, yo�fr
braking distance will be longer and the vehicle
may p�fll to one side d�fring braking�b
To dry brakes, drive the vehicle at a safe speed
while lightly tapping the brake pedal to heat-�fp
the brakes�b Do this �fntil the brakes ret�frn to
normal�b Avoid driving the vehicle at high speeds
�fntil the brakes f�fnction correctly�b
Using the brakes
Avoid resting yo�fr foot on the brake pedal while
driving�b This will ca�fse overheating of the
brakes, wearing o�ft the brake and pads faster
and red�fce gas mileage�b
To help red�fce brake wear and to prevent the
brakes from overheating, red�fce speed and
downshift to a lower gear before going down a
slope or long grade�b Overheated brakes may
red�fce braking performance and co�fld res�flt in
loss of vehicle control�b
WARNING
.While driving on a slippery surface,
be careful when braking, accelerat-
ing or downshifting. Abrupt braking
or accelerating could cause the
wheels to skid and result in an
accident.
. If the engine is not running or is
turned off while driving, the power
assist for the brakes will not work.
Braking will be harder.
PARKING BRAKE BREAK-IN
Break in the parking brake shoes whenever the
stopping effect of the parking brake is weakened
or whenever the parking brake shoes and/or
dr�fms/rotors are replaced, in order to ass�fre the
best braking performance�b
This proced�fre is described in the vehicle
service man�fal and can be performed by a
GT-R certified NISSAN dealer�b
BRAKE SYSTEM