transmission fluid NISSAN X-TRAIL 2005 Service User Guide

ENGINE ASSEMBLY
EM-229
[YD22DDTi]
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9. Remove power steering oil pump with piping connected from engine. Move it aside on suspension mem-
ber. Refer to PS-37, "
HYDRAULIC LINE" .
10. Remove front engine mounting and rear engine mounting through-bolts to remove suspension member.
11. Remove starter motor. Refer to SC-23, "
STARTING SYSTEM" .
12. Separate engine and transaxle and transfer assembly. Refer to MT-19, "
TRANSAXLE ASSEMBLY" .
INSTALLATION
Install in the reverse order of removal.

Do not allow engine oil to get on mounting insulator. Be careful not to damage mounting insulator.

When installation directions are specified, install parts according to the direction marks on them referring
to figure of components. Refer to EM-222, "
ENGINE ASSEMBLY" .

Make sure that each mounting insulator is seated properly, and tighten mounting bolts and nuts.
INSPECTION AFTER INSTALLATION
Inspection for Leaks
The following are procedures for checking fluids leak, lubricates leak and exhaust gases leak.

Before starting engine, check oil/fluid levels including engine coolant and engine oil. If less than required
quantity, fill to the specified level. Refer to MA-17, "
RECOMMENDED FLUIDS AND LUBRICANTS" .

Before starting engine, bleed air from fuel piping. Refer to FL-18, "Air Bleeding" .

Run engine to check for unusual noise and vibration.

Warm up engine thoroughly to make sure there is no leakage of fuel, exhaust gases, or any oil/fluids
including engine oil and engine coolant.

Bleed air from lines and hoses of applicable lines, such as in cooling system.

After cooling down engine, again check oil/fluid levels including engine oil and engine coolant. Refill to the
specified level, if necessary.
Summary of the inspection items:
* Transmission/transaxle/CVT fluid, power steering fluid, brake fluid, etc.Item Before starting engine Engine running After engine stopped
Engine coolant Level Leakage Level
Engine oil Level Leakage Level
Other oils and fluid* Level Leakage Level
Fuel Leakage Leakage Leakage
Exhaust gases — Leakage —

BASIC SERVICE PROCEDURE
EC-47
[QR (WITH EURO-OBD)]
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EC

3. Turn ignition switch OFF and wait at least 10 seconds.
4. Turn ignition switch ON and wait at least 2 seconds.
5. Turn ignition switch OFF and wait at least 10 seconds.
Throttle Valve Closed Position LearningEBS010LG
DESCRIPTION
Throttle Valve Closed Position Learning is an operation to learn the fully closed position of the throttle valve by
monitoring the throttle position sensor output signal. It must be performed each time harness connector of
electric throttle control actuator or ECM is disconnected.
OPERATION PROCEDURE
1. Make sure that accelerator pedal is fully released.
2. Turn ignition switch ON.
3. Turn ignition switch OFF and wait at least 10 seconds.
Make sure that throttle valve moves during above 10 seconds by confirming the operating sound.
Idle Air Volume LearningEBS010LH
DESCRIPTION
Idle Air Volume Learning is an operation to learn the idle air volume that keeps each engine within the specific
range. It must be performed under any of the following conditions:

Each time electric throttle control actuator or ECM is replaced.

Idle speed or ignition timing is out of specification.
PREPARATION
Before performing Idle Air Volume Learning, make sure that all of the following conditions are satisfied.
Learning will be cancelled if any of the following conditions are missed for even a moment.

Battery voltage: More than 12.9V (At idle)

Engine coolant temperature: 70 - 95°C (158 - 203°F)

PNP switch: ON

Electric load switch: OFF
(Air conditioner, headlamp, rear window defogger)
On vehicles equipped with daytime light systems, set lighting switch to the 1st position to light
only small lamps.

Steering wheel: Neutral (Straight-ahead position)

Vehicle speed: Stopped

Transmission: Warmed-up
For A/T models with CONSULT-II, drive vehicle until “FLUID TEMP SE” in “DATA MONITOR” mode of “A/
T” system indicates less than 0.9V.
For A/T models without CONSULT-II and M/T models, drive vehicle for 10 minutes.
OPERATION PROCEDURE
With CONSULT-II
1. Perform EC-46, "Accelerator Pedal Released Position Learning" .
2. Perform EC-47, "
Throttle Valve Closed Position Learning" .
3. Start engine and warm it up to normal operating temperature.
4. Check that all items listed under the topic PREPARATION (previously mentioned) are in good order.
5. Select “IDLE AIR VOL LEARN” in “WORK SUPPORT” mode.
SEF217Z

EC-120
[QR (WITH EURO-OBD)]
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS - SPECIFICATION VALUE

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS - SPECIFICATION VALUEPFP:00031
DescriptionEBS010M2
The specification (SP) value indicates the tolerance of the value that is displayed in “DATA MONITOR (SPEC)”
mode of CONSULT-II during normal operation of the Engine Control System. When the value in “DATA MONI-
TOR (SPEC)” mode is within the SP value, the Engine Control System is confirmed OK. When the value in
“DATA MONITOR (SPEC)” mode is NOT within the SP value, the Engine Control System may have one or
more malfunctions.
The SP value is used to detect malfunctions that may affect the Engine Control System, but will not light the
MIL.
The SP value will be displayed for the following three items:

B/FUEL SCHDL (The fuel injection pulse width programmed into ECM prior to any learned on board cor-
rection)

A/F ALPHA-B1 (The mean value of air-fuel ratio feedback correction factor per cycle)

MAS A/F SE-B1 (The signal voltage of the mass air flow sensor)
Testing ConditionEBS010M3

Vehicle driven distance: More than 5,000 km (3,017 miles)

Barometric pressure: 98.3 - 104.3 kPa (0.983 - 1.043 bar, 1.003 - 1.064 kg/cm2 , 14.25 - 15.12 psi)

Atmospheric temperature: 20 - 30°C (68 - 86°F)

Engine coolant temperature: 75 - 95°C (167 - 203°F)

Transmission: Warmed-up*1

Electrical load: Not applied*2

Engine speed: Idle
*1: For A/T models, after the engine is warmed up to normal operating temperature, drive vehicle until “FLUID
TEMP SE” (A/T fluid temperature sensor signal) indicates more than 60°C (140°F).
For M/T models, after the engine is warmed up to normal operating temperature, drive vehicle for 5 minutes.
*2: Rear window defogger switch, air conditioner switch, lighting switch are OFF. Steering wheel is straight
ahead.
Inspection ProcedureEBS010M4
NOTE:
Perform “DATA MONITOR (SPEC)” mode in maximum scale display.
1. Perform EC-79, "
Basic Inspection" .
2. Confirm that the testing conditions indicated above are met.
3. Select “B/FUEL SCHDL”, “A/F ALPHA-B1” and “MAS A/F SE-
B1” in “DATA MONITOR (SPEC)” mode with CONSULT-II.
4. Make sure that monitor items are within the SP value.
5. If NG, go to EC-121, "
Diagnostic Procedure" .
SEF601Z

EC-560
[QR (WITHOUT EURO-OBD)]
BASIC SERVICE PROCEDURE

3. Turn ignition switch OFF and wait at least 10 seconds.
4. Turn ignition switch ON and wait at least 2 seconds.
5. Turn ignition switch OFF and wait at least 10 seconds.
Throttle Valve Closed Position LearningEBS010WW
DESCRIPTION
Throttle Valve Closed Position Learning is an operation to learn the fully closed position of the throttle valve by
monitoring the throttle position sensor output signal. It must be performed each time harness connector of
electric throttle control actuator or ECM is disconnected.
OPERATION PROCEDURE
1. Make sure that accelerator pedal is fully released.
2. Turn ignition switch ON.
3. Turn ignition switch OFF and wait at least 10 seconds.
Make sure that throttle valve moves during above 10 seconds by confirming the operating sound.
Idle Air Volume LearningEBS010WX
DESCRIPTION
Idle Air Volume Learning is an operation to learn the idle air volume that keeps each engine within the specific
range. It must be performed under any of the following conditions:

Each time electric throttle control actuator or ECM is replaced.

Idle speed or ignition timing is out of specification.
PREPARATION
Before performing Idle Air Volume Learning, make sure that all of the following conditions are satisfied.
Learning will be cancelled if any of the following conditions are missed for even a moment.

Battery voltage: More than 12.9V (At idle)

Engine coolant temperature: 70 - 95°C (158 - 203°F)

PNP switch: ON

Electric load switch: OFF
(Air conditioner, head lamp, rear window defogger)
On vehicles equipped with daytime light systems, set lighting switch to the 1st position to light
only small lamps.

Steering wheel: Neutral (Straight-ahead position)

Vehicle speed: Stopped

Transmission: Warmed-up
For A/T models with CONSULT-II, drive vehicle until “FLUID TEMP SE” in “DATA MONITOR” mode of “A/
T” system indicates less than 0.9V.
For A/T models without CONSULT-II and M/T models, drive vehicle for 10 minutes.
OPERATION PROCEDURE
With CONSULT-II
1. Perform EC-559, "Accelerator Pedal Released Position Learning" .
2. Perform EC-560, "
Throttle Valve Closed Position Learning" .
3. Start engine and warm it up to normal operating temperature.
4. Check that all items listed under the topic PREPARATION (previously mentioned) are in good order.
5. Select “IDLE AIR VOL LEARN” in “WORK SUPPORT” mode.
SEF217Z

EC-620
[QR (WITHOUT EURO-OBD)]
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS - SPECIFICATION VALUE

TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS - SPECIFICATION VALUEPFP:00031
DescriptionEBS010XG
The specification (SP) value indicates the tolerance of the value that is displayed in “DATA MONITOR (SPEC)”
mode of CONSULT-II during normal operation of the Engine Control System. When the value in “DATA MONI-
TOR (SPEC)” mode is within the SP value, the Engine Control System is confirmed OK. When the value in
“DATA MONITOR (SPEC)” mode is NOT within the SP value, the Engine Control System may have one or
more malfunctions.
The SP value is used to detect malfunctions that may affect the Engine Control System, but will not light the
MIL.
The SP value will be displayed for the following three items:

B/FUEL SCHDL (The fuel injection pulse width programmed into ECM prior to any learned on board cor-
rection)

A/F ALPHA-B1 (The mean value of air-fuel ratio feedback correction factor per cycle)

MAS A/F SE-B1 (The signal voltage of the mass air flow sensor)
Testing ConditionEBS010XH

Vehicle driven distance: More than 5,000 km (3,017 miles)

Barometric pressure: 98.3 - 104.3 kPa (0.983 - 1.043 bar, 1.003 - 1.064 kg/cm2 , 14.25 - 15.12 psi)

Atmospheric temperature: 20 - 30°C (68 - 86°F)

Engine coolant temperature: 75 - 95°C (167 - 203°F)

Transmission: Warmed-up*1

Electrical load: Not applied*2

Engine speed: Idle
*1: For A/T models, after the engine is warmed up to normal operating temperature, drive vehicle until “FLUID
TEMP SE” (A/T fluid temperature sensor signal) indicates more than 60°C (140°F).
For M/T models, after the engine is warmed up to normal operating temperature, drive vehicle for 5 minutes.
*2: Rear window defogger switch, air conditioner switch, lighting switch are OFF. Steering wheel is straight
ahead.
Inspection ProcedureEBS010XI
NOTE:
Perform “DATA MONITOR (SPEC)” mode in maximum scale display.
1. Perform EC-578, "
Basic Inspection" .
2. Confirm that the testing conditions indicated above are met.
3. Select “B/FUEL SCHDL”, “A/F ALPHA-B1” and “MAS A/F SE-
B1” in “DATA MONITOR (SPEC)” mode with CONSULT-II.
4. Make sure that monitor items are within the SP value.
5. If NG, go to EC-621, "
Diagnostic Procedure" .
SEF601Z

CL-1
CLUTCH
C TRANSMISSION/TRANSAXLE
CONTENTS
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SECTION CL
A
B
CL

CLUTCH
PRECAUTIONS .......................................................... 2
Service Notice or Precautions .................................. 2
PREPARATION ........................................................... 3
Special Service Tools ............................................... 3
Commercial Service Tools ........................................ 3
NOISE, VIBRATION AND HARSHNESS (NVH)
TROUBLESHOOTING ................................................ 4
NVH Troubleshooting Chart ..................................... 4
CLUTCH PEDAL ........................................................ 5
On-Vehicle Inspection and Adjustment .................... 5
Removal and Installation .......................................... 6
COMPONENTS .................................................... 6
REMOVAL ............................................................. 6
INSPECTION AFTER REMOVAL ......................... 7
INSTALLATION ..................................................... 7
CLUTCH FLUID .......................................................... 8
Air Bleeding Procedure ............................................ 8
CLUTCH MASTER CYLINDER .................................. 9
Components ............................................................. 9
Removal and Installation ........................................ 10
REMOVAL ........................................................... 10
INSTALLATION ................................................... 10
Disassembly and Assembly ................................... 10
DISASSEMBLY ................................................... 10
INSPECTION AFTER DISASSEMBLY ............... 10
ASSEMBLY .......................................................... 11
OPERATING CYLINDER .......................................... 12
Components ........................................................... 12Removal and Installation ........................................ 12
REMOVAL ........................................................... 12
INSTALLATION ................................................... 12
Disassembly and Assembly .................................... 12
DISASSEMBLY ................................................... 12
INSPECTION AFTER DISASSEMBLY ................ 12
ASSEMBLY ......................................................... 12
CLUTCH PIPING ....................................................... 13
Removal and Installation ........................................ 13
CLUTCH RELEASE MECHANISM ........................... 14
Removal and Installation ........................................ 14
COMPONENTS ................................................... 14
REMOVAL ........................................................... 14
INSPECTION AFTER REMOVAL ....................... 15
INSTALLATION ................................................... 15
CLUTCH DISC, CLUTCH COVER AND FLYWHEEL ... 16
Removal and Installation ........................................ 16
COMPONENTS ................................................... 16
REMOVAL ........................................................... 16
INSPECTION AND ADJUSTMENT AFTER
REMOVAL ........................................................... 17
INSTALLATION ................................................... 18
SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS) ...... 19
Clutch Control System ............................................ 19
Clutch Master Cylinder ........................................... 19
Clutch Operating Cylinder ...................................... 19
Clutch Disc ............................................................. 19
Clutch Cover ........................................................... 19

AT-1
AUTOMATIC TRANSAXLE
C TRANSMISSION/TRANSAXLE
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SECTION AT
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AUTOMATIC TRANSAXLE
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS — INDEX ............................. 6
Alphabetical & P No. Index for DTC ......................... 6
PRECAUTIONS .......................................................... 8
Precautions for Supplemental Restraint System
(SRS) “AIR BAG” and “SEAT BELT PRE-TEN-
SIONER” .................................................................. 8
Precautions for On Board Diagnostic (EURO-OBD)
System of A/T and Engine — Euro-OBD — ............. 8
Precautions for Trouble Diagnosis ........................... 8
Precautions for Harness Repair ............................... 8
Precautions .............................................................. 9
Service Notice or Precautions ................................ 10
Wiring Diagrams and Trouble Diagnosis ................. 11
PREPARATION ......................................................... 12
Special Service Tools ............................................. 12
Commercial Service Tools ...................................... 15
A/T FLUID ................................................................. 16
Checking A/T Fluid ................................................. 16
Changing A/T Fluid ................................................ 17
OVERALL SYSTEM ................................................. 18
Cross-Sectional View ............................................. 18
Hydraulic Control Circuit ........................................ 19
A/T Electrical Parts Location .................................. 20
Circuit Diagram ...................................................... 21
Shift Mechanism ..................................................... 22
TCM Function ......................................................... 31
CAN Communication .............................................. 32
Input/Output Signal of TCM .................................... 34
Line Pressure Control ............................................ 34
Shift Control ........................................................... 35
Lock-Up Control ..................................................... 36
Engine Brake Control (Overrun Clutch Control) ..... 37
Control Valve .......................................................... 39
EURO-OBD
ON BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM DESCRIP-
TION .......................................................................... 40
Introduction ............................................................ 40
EURO-OBD Function for A/T System .................... 40One or Two Trip Detection Logic of EURO-OBD .... 40
EURO-OBD Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) ......... 40
Malfunction Indicator (MI) ....................................... 44
CONSULT-II ............................................................ 44
Diagnostic Procedure Without CONSULT-II ........... 52
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS — INTRODUCTION ........... 57
Introduction ............................................................. 57
Work Flow ............................................................... 61
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS — BASIC INSPECTION .... 64
A/T Fluid Check ...................................................... 64
Stall Test ................................................................. 65
Line Pressure Test .................................................. 68
Road Test ............................................................... 70
TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS — GENERAL DESCRIP-
TION .......................................................................... 85
Symptom Chart ....................................................... 85
TCM Terminals and Reference Value ..................... 94
DTC U1000 CAN COMMUNICATION LINE .............. 97
Description .............................................................. 97
On Board Diagnosis Logic ...................................... 97
Possible Cause ....................................................... 97
DTC Confirmation Procedure ................................. 97
Wiring Diagram — AT — CAN ................................ 98
Diagnostic Procedure ............................................. 99
DTC P0705 PARK/NEUTRAL POSITION (PNP)
SWITCH ..................................................................100
Description ............................................................100
On Board Diagnosis Logic ....................................100
Possible Cause .....................................................100
DTC Confirmation Procedure ...............................100
Wiring Diagram — AT — PNP/SW .......................102
Diagnostic Procedure ...........................................103
DTC P0710 A/T FLUID TEMPERATURE SENSOR
CIRCUIT ..................................................................106
Description ............................................................106
On Board Diagnosis Logic ....................................106
Possible Cause .....................................................106
DTC Confirmation Procedure ...............................106
Wiring Diagram — AT — FTS ..............................108

AT-36
OVERALL SYSTEM

CONTROL OF SHIFT SOLENOID VALVES A AND B
The TCM activates shift solenoid valves A and B according to sig-
nals from the throttle position sensor and revolution sensor to select
the optimum gear position on the basis of the shift schedule memo-
rized in the TCM.
The shift solenoid valve performs simple ON-OFF operation. When
set to “ON”, the drain circuit closes and pilot pressure is applied to
the shift valve.
RELATION BETWEEN SHIFT SOLENOID VALVES A AND B GEAR POSITIONS
CONTROL OF SHIFT VALVES A AND B
Pilot pressure generated by the operation of shift solenoid valves A and B is applied to the end face of shift
valves A and B.
The drawing above shows the operation of shift valve B. When the shift solenoid valve is “ON”, pilot pressure
applied to the end face of the shift valve overcomes spring force, moving the valve upward.
Lock-Up ControlECS00CTE
The torque converter clutch piston in the torque converter is locked to eliminate torque converter slip to
increase power transmission efficiency. The solenoid valve is controlled by an ON-OFF duty signal sent from
the TCM. The signal is converted to an oil pressure signal which controls the torque converter clutch piston.
CONDITIONS FOR LOCK-UP OPERATION
When vehicle is driven in 3rd and 4th gear position, vehicle speed and throttle opening are detected. If the
detected values fall within the lock-up zone memorized in the TCM, lock-up is performed.
SAT008J
Shift solenoid valveGear position
D1 , 21 , 11D2 , 22 , 12D3D4 (O/D) N-P
A ON (Closed) OFF (Open) OFF (Open) ON (Closed) ON (Closed)
B ON (Closed) ON (Closed) OFF (Open) OFF (Open) ON (Closed)
SAT009J
Overdrive control switch ON OFF
Selector lever “D” position
Gear position D
4D3
Vehicle speed sensor More than set value
Throttle position sensor Less than set opening
Closed throttle position switch OFF
A/T fluid temperature sensor More than 40°C (104°F)

REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION
AT-413
[ALL]
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REMOVAL AND INSTALLATIONPFP:00000
RemovalECS004NC
COMPONENTS
CAUTION:
Before separating transaxle from engine, remove the crankshaft position sensor (Euro-OBD) from
transaxle. Be careful not to damage sensor.
1. Remove battery and bracket, air cleaner and air duct.
2. Remove air breather hose.
3. Disconnect terminal cord assembly harness connector, PNP switch harness connector and revolution
sensor harness connector.
4. Remove crankshaft position sensor (Euro-OBD) from transaxle.
5. Disconnect control cable from transaxle.
6. Remove front exhaust tube. Refer to EX-2, "
Removal and Installation"
7. Disconnect A/T fluid cooler hoses.
8. Remove drive shafts. Refer to FAX-11, "
FRONT DRIVE SHAFT" , RAX-14, "REAR DRIVE SHAFT" .
9. Remove transfer assembly. Refer to TF-57, "
Removal and Installation" .
10. Remove starter motor from transaxle. Refer to SC-27, "
Removal and Installation" .
11. Support transaxle with a transmission jack.
1. Transfer assembly 2. A/T fluid level gauge 3. A/T fluid charging pipe
4. O-ring 5. Center member 6. Front engine mounting insulator
7. Grommet 8. Fluid cooler tube 9. Fluid cooler tube
10. Copper washer 11. Copper washer 12. Transaxle assembly
13. Stopper 14. LH engine mounting insulator
SCIA6893E

AT-414
[ALL]
REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION

12. Remove center member, engine insulator and engine mounting
bracket.

Center member fixing bolts to specified torque, Refer to AT-
413, "COMPONENTS" .
13. Remove suspension member. Refer to FSU-12, "
FRONT SUS-
PENSION MEMBER" .
14. Remove dust cover from converter housing part.
15. Turn crankshaft, and remove the four tightening bolts for drive
plate and torque converter.
CAUTION:
The crankshaft should be rotated clockwise, viewed from
the front of engine.
16. Support engine with a transmission jack.
17. Remove bolts fixing transaxle to engine.
18. Lower transaxle while supporting it with a transmission jack.
19. Disconnect harness connector and wire harness.
20. Remove A/T fluid charging pipe.
SCIA0794E
AAT259A
ATM0479D
SCIA5885E