engine PORSCHE CAYMAN 2006 1.G Workshop Manual

166
Shifting Gear
Indicator for selector lever position and
engaged gear When the engine is running, the selector lever po-
sition and engaged gear are indicated. If the selector lever is between two positions:
– The corresponding selector lever position in
the instrument cluster flashes and
– the warning “Selector lever not engaged” ap-
pears in the on-board computer.
fEngage the selector lever correctly.
– The selector lever position is displayed imme-
diately after the correct position has been de-
tected.
– The current gear is shown after a brief detec-
tion period.If there is a fault in the transmission:
– The 4th-gear and the selector lever position se-
lected displays flash in alternation.
– The warning “Tiptronic emergency run” ap-
pears on the on-board computer.
Please observe the chapter “EMERGENCY
PROGRAM” on Page 170.
– Have the fault remedied at an authorized
Porsche dealer.

Shifting Gear
167
Selector Lever Positions P – Parking lock fSelect only when car has been stopped.
fEngage parking lock after applying the hand-
brake and release it before releasing the hand-
brake.
The ignition key can be withdrawn only in
selector lever position P. R – Reverse fSelect only when car has been stopped and
the brake is applied. N – Neutral Selector lever position N must be selected for
towing or in car washes, for example.
fSelect the desired position for moving off (D,
M or R) only when the engine is idling and while
depressing the brake pedal.
D – Automatic selection modeSelect position D for “normal” driving. The gears
are shifted automatically according to the
accelerator position and speed.
The gear-changing points are shifted towards
higher or lower engine-speed ranges depending
on the way the vehicle is driven and the resistance
it meets (e.g. uphill).
The accelerator position, driving speed, engine
speed, longitudinal and lateral acceleration and
the road profile all have an influence on the gear-
changing characteristic.
Unwanted upward shifts, e.g. before bends, are
prevented by swiftly releasing the accelerator ped-
al.
Depending on lateral acceleration, upward shifts
on bends are not made until the engine-speed limit
is reached.
Under braking, and depending on the amount of
deceleration, the Tiptronic shifts down earlier.
For subsequent cornering, the right gear is en-
gaged when pressure is applied to the brakes be-
fore the bend.
The bend is taken in the right gear, and when you
accelerate out of the bend you do not have to shift
down. Sport mode switched on
fPlease observe the chapter “SPORT MODE” on
Page 61.
If the Sport mode program is switched on,
Tiptronic switches to a sporty gear-changing map
and shortens the shifting periods.
Initial Drive-off
In 2nd gear, the vehicle drives off with the throttle
only slightly open.
Drive off in 1st gear with the throttle open wider
or when the engine is cold.

168
Shifting Gear Shifting gear on the steering wheel
With the toggle switches on the steering wheel,
you can change temporarily from automatic
selection mode D to manual mode M.
Advantages:
– Shifting down before bends and on entering
built-up areas.
– Shifting down on downward slopes (engine
braking).
– Shifting down for brief spurts of acceleration.
– Selecting 1st gear for moving off.
The manual selection mode remains engaged:
– for cornering (depending on the lateral
acceleration) and overrunning,
– when the vehicle is stationary
(e.g. at a junction).
The system leaves manual selection mode:
– automatically after approx. 8 seconds
(unless cornering or overrunning),
– if you depress the accelerator to kickdown,
– after moving off. Temporary change-down
Conditions:
Speed is higher than approx. 33 mph (54 km/h).
fDepress accelerator quickly.
The Tiptronic changes temporarily to the sport-
iest gear-changing map, i.e. to the highest pos-
sible gear-changing points. Correspondingly,
the transmission shifts down immediately by
one or two gears.
Ending the function:
fRelease the accelerator markedly. Kickdown
The kickdown function is active in selector lever
position D, even if you temporarily change to man-
ual mode M using the toggle switches on the
steering wheel.
fFor optimum acceleration, e.g. when overtak-
ing, depress the accelerator pedal beyond the
full-throttle point (kickdown).
The transmission shifts down depending on the
speed of travel and engine speed.
Upward shifts occur at the highest possible engine
speeds.
These gear-changing speeds remain active until
the accelerator is released to approx. 80% of the
wide open throttle position.

Shifting Gear
169
M - Manual Selection Mode The currently selected gear is retained if you
change from D to M.
If you shift from M to D, the gear-changing map
suitable for your current driving style is selected
and the appropriate gear is selected.
Warning!
The kickdown function is not active in manual
selection mode “M”.
fTherefore shift down manually when accelerat-ing (e.g. to overtake). Two toggle switches in the upper steering-wheel
spokes let you comfortably and reliably select the
five forward gears.
Shifting up
fPress upper part (+) of a toggle switch.
Shifting down
fPress lower part (–) of a toggle switch.
Depending on driving speed and engine speed,
you can shift up or down at any time.
Gear changes which would exceed the upper or
lower engine-speed limit are not executed by the
controller.
You can shift down two gears at once by quickly
pressing the toggle switches twice.
If the engine-speed limit is reached, an auto matic
upward shift is performed or, just before idling
speed is reached, a downward shift is performed.
fSelect an appropriately low gear on upward
and downward slopes.
This will ensure optimum use of engine power
and engine braking. If manual mode fails, the control electronics
switch to automatic mode. In this event, the
instrument cluster will display selector lever posi-
tion D.
fTo remedy the fault, please consult an author-
ized Porsche dealer.
PSM switched off and/or Sport mode
switched on
fPlease observe the chapter “SWITCHING OFF
PSM” on Page 63.
fPlease observe the chapter “SPORT MODE” on
Page 61.
If the PSM is switched off and/or Sport mode is
switched on, an automatic upshift does not occur
when the engine speed limit is reached.
Cancelling upshift suppression
The restriction can be cancelled for one gear
change by depressing the accelerator to
kickdown. If, for example, the engine speed limit
is reached during overtaking and the automatic
upshift does not occur, the transmission in this
case shifts up by accelerating to kickdown.
fDepress the accelerator pedal beyond the
full-throttle point (kickdown).

170
Shifting Gear Manual mode failure
If manual mode fails, the control electronics
switch to automatic mode. In this event, the
instrument cluster will display selector lever
position D.
fHave the fault remedied.
Consult an authorized Porsche dealer.
Stopping fFor a brief stop, e.g. at a traffic light, leave the
selector lever in drive position and hold the ve-
hicle with the brake pedal.
fFor a longer stop with the engine running,
select position N (neutral).
fDo not hold the car on a slope using the
accelerator. Use the brake pedal or the hand-
brake instead.
fBefore leaving the vehicle, always apply the
handbrake and move the selector lever to
position P.
Parking fGo easy on the accelerator.
fWhen parking or maneuvering in a small
space, control the speed by careful use of the
footbrake. Driving in winter In wintery road conditions it is advisable to take
steep inclines in manual mode. This prevents the
occurrence of gear changes that could cause
wheelspin. Tow-starting, towing fPlease observe the chapter “TOWING” on Page
260.
Emergency program
Warning!
Reverse gear lock monitoring is disabled in
the emergency running program.
Damage to the vehicle may result as well as
loss of control, if the vehicle is moving for-
w a r d f a s t e n o u g h t o c a u s e r e a r w h e e l l o c k u p .
fDo not shift into R while the vehicle is moving forward.
A transmission fault is indicated by the following
symptoms:
–The 4th-gear display flashes.
– The warning “Tiptronic emergency run”
appears in the on-board computer.
– The transmission no longer shifts.
Regardless of selector lever position, 4th is
the only forward gear still available.
fAdapt your driving style to the changed han-
dling.
fTo remedy the fault, please consult an author-
ized Porsche dealer.

Maintenance, Car Care
171 Maintenance, Car Care
Exercise Extreme Caution when Working on your
Vehicle ..................................................... 172
Wiper Blades ............................................ 173
Coolant Level ............................................ 176
Engine Oil ................................................. 178
Engine Oil Level ........................................ 178
Engine Oil Recommendation ....................... 180
Brake Fluid Level ....................................... 182
Fuel Economy ........................................... 184
Operating Your Porsche in other Countries .. 185
Fuel .......................................................... 186
Fuel Recommendations .............................. 188
Portable Fuel Containers ............................ 189
Emission Control System ........................... 190
How Emission Control Works ...................... 191
Fuel Evaporation Control ............................ 191
Washer Fluid ............................................. 192
Power Steering ......................................... 193
Air Filter ................................................... 194
Combination filter ...................................... 194
Automatic Transmission Fluid ..................... 194
Manual Transmission Oil ............................. 194
Car Care Instructions ................................. 195

172
Maintenance, Car Care
Exercise Extreme Caution when
Working on your Vehicle
Danger!
Ignoring the following instructions may
cause serious personal injury or death.
fThe engine compartment of any motor vehicle
is a potentially hazardous area. If you are not
fully familiar with proper repair procedures, do
not attempt the adjustments described on the
following pages.
This caution applies to the entire vehicle.
fO n l y w o r k o n y o u r v e h i c l e o u t d o o r s o r i n a w e l l
ventilated area.
fEnsure that there are no open flames in the
area of your vehicle at any time when fuel
fumes might be present. Be especially cau-
tious of such devices such as hot water heat-
ers which ignite a flame intermittently.
fBefore working on any part in the engine com-
partment, turn the engine off and let it cool
down sufficiently. Hot engine compartment
components can burn skin on contact.
fBe alert and cautious around engine at all
times while the engine is running.
If work has to be performed with the engine
running, always set the parking brake, and
make sure the shift lever is in neutral or the se-
lector lever is in position P or N. fIn particular, be very careful to ensure that
items of clothing (ties, shirt, sleeves etc.), jew-
elry, long hair, hand or fingers cannot get
caught in the engine-compartment blower, fan,
belts or other moving parts.
The radiator and radiator fans are in the front
of the car.
The fans can start or continue running as a
function of temperature, even with the engine
switched off.
Carry out work in these areas only with the en-
gine off and exercise extreme caution.
fYour Porsche is equipped with an electronic ig-
nition system. When the ignition is on, high volt-
age is present in all wires connected with the
ignition system; therefore, exercise extreme
caution when working on any part of the engine
while the ignition is on or the engine is running.
fAlways place the vehicle on stable supports if
work has to be carried out under the vehicle.
Jacks are not suitable for this kind of work.
fWhen working under the car without safety
stands but with the wheels on the ground,
make sure the car is on level ground, the
wheels are blocked, and that the engine can-
not be started.
Remove the ignition key. fDo not smoke or allow an open flame around
the battery or fuel.
Keep a fire extinguisher close at hand.
fIncomplete or improper servicing may cause
problems in the operation of the car. If in doubt
about any servicing, have it done by your au-
thorized Porsche dealer.
Improper maintenance during the warranty pe-
riod may affect your Porsche warranty cover-
age.
fSupplies of fluids, e.g. engine oil, brake fluid or
coolant, are hazardous to your health.
Keep these fluids out of children’s reach and
dispose of them in accordance with the appro-
priate regulations.
fSome countries require additional tools and
special spare parts to be carried in your vehi-
cle.
Please make enquiries before driving abroad.
Power measurements Power measurements on dynamometers are not
approved by Porsche. Working in the engine compartmentHave the necessary work in the engine compart-
ment done by a qualified specialist workshop.
We recommend that you use your authorized
Porsche dealer for carrying out this work.

176
Maintenance, Car Care
Coolant Level fPlease observe the chapter “EXERCISE EXTRE-
ME CAUTION WHEN WORKING ON YOUR VE-
HICLE” on Page 172.
The cooling system is filled at the factory with a
permanent coolant.
It provides year-round protection from corrosion
and freezing down to –31°F/–35°C.
Only use antifreeze authorized by Porsche. Checking coolant level The expansion tank for the coolant is located in
the rear luggage compartment under the service
flap.
fCheck the coolant level regularly at the trans-
parent window of the expansion tank.
When the engine is cold and the car is level the flu-
id level must lie between the “Min.” and “Max.”
markings.
Topping off coolant
Warning!
Danger of serious personal injury from scald-
ing. Coolant is hazardous to your health, and
may be fatal if swallowed.
fDo not open the cap of the expansion tank
while the engine is hot.
fAllow the engine to cool down before opening
the cap and protect your hands, arms and face
from any possible escape of hot coolant.
fKeep coolant out of children’s reach.
fAlso, keep coolant away from your pets.
They can be attracted to it should there be a
spill, or to used coolant left in an open contain-
er. Coolant can be deadly to pets if consumed.
Risk of damage from overflowing coolant.
fTake care while topping off coolant not to soil the luggage compartment or items of luggage.
1. Switch engine off and let it cool.
Please observe the chapter “COOLING SYS-
TEM” on Page 86.2. Press catch button on the service flap and
open flap.

Maintenance, Car Care
177
3. Cover the expansion tank cap with a thick rag.
Open cap slowly and carefully and allow over-
pressure to escape.
Then unscrew cap completely.
4. If necessary, add a mixture of equal parts anti-
freeze and water.
Do not fill over the “max” marking.
Antifreeze in coolant:
50% gives protection down to –31°F/–35°C
60% gives protection down to –58°F/–50°C
5. Screw cap firmly on.
6. Close service flap.If in an emergency pure water has been added, the
mix ratio must be corrected at an authorized
Porsche dealer.
Marked loss of coolant indicates leakage in the
cooling system.
The cause should immediately be remedied at an
authorized Porsche dealer.
Radiator fansThe radiator and radiator fans are in the front of
the vehicle.
Warning!
Risk of injury. The fans can start running as
a function of temperature, even with the
engine switched off.
fExercise extreme caution when working in the area of the radiator fans.

178
Maintenance, Car Care
Engine Oil Engine oil consumption
It is normal for your engine to consume oil.
The rate of oil consumption depends on the quality
and viscosity of oil, the speed at which the engine
is operated, the climate, road conditions as well
as the amount of dilution and oxidation of the lubri-
cant.
If the vehicle is used for repeated short trips, and
consumes a normal amount of oil, the engine oil
measurement may not show any drop in the oil lev-
el at all, even after 600 miles (1000 km) or more.
This is because the oil is gradually becoming dilut-
ed with fuel or moisture, making it appear that the
oil level has not changed.
The diluting ingredients evaporate out when the
vehicle is driven at high speeds, as on an express-
way, making it then appear that oil is excessively
consumed after driving at high speeds.
If the conditions you drive your vehicle in are
dusty, humid, or hot, the frequency of the oil
change intervals should be greater. If the vehicle is driven at a high rate of speed, cli-
matic conditions are warm, and the load is high,
the oil should be checked more frequently, as driv-
ing conditions will determine the rate of oil con-
sumption.
– The engine in your vehicle depends on oil to lu-
bricate and cool all of its moving parts.
Therefore, the engine oil should be checked
regularly and kept at the required level.
– Make it a habit to have the engine oil level
checked with every fuel filling.
– The oil pressure warning light is not an oil level
indicator.
The oil pressure warning light indicates serious
engine damage may be occurring when lit, if
engine rpm is above idle speed.
Engine Oil Level fPlease observe the chapter “EXERCISE EXTRE-
ME CAUTION WHEN WORKING ON YOUR VE-
HICLE” on Page 172.
fRegularly check the oil level using the on-board
computer after the vehicle is refuelled.
Please observe the chapter “OIL DISPLAY AND
MEASUREMENT OF THE ENGINE OIL LEVEL”
on Page 110.
The difference between the minimum and maxi-
mum marks on the segment display is approx.
1.2 liters.
Each segment of the display corresponds to
approx. 0.4 liter.