tire pressure SSANGYONG NEW ACTYON SPORTS 2013 Service Manual

04-12
2) Speedometer Gauge
The speedometer indicates the vehicle speed by calculating the signals from the rear left and rear right
wheel speed sensors through ABS or ESP unit. (For the vehicle without ABS or ESP, the signals are
received from the EMS)
If the speedometer gauge vibrates, stops at a certain range or makes an abnormal noise, there could be
defectives in speedometer. However, these symptoms also could be occured when the tire has
uneven wear, different tire inflation pressures or different tire specifications.
Perform the speedometer test regarding the tolerance as described. However, it is not similar simple
work in field due to lack of measuring conditions such as test equipment and preciseness.
Check the allowable tolerance of the speedometer and operations of the trip odometer by using
a tester.
Check if the speedometer pointer is shaking and the abnormal noise sounds.
Eliminate the hysteresis by tapping the speedometer. 1.
2.
3.

04-138210-01
The allowable tolerance increases when the tires are worn or the tire pressure is out of specified
range.
Speed Input from ESP(ABS) or MS(ECU) ▶

08-8
5. TROUBLESHOOTING
Problem Cause Action
Vehicle rollingBroken stabilizer bar Replace
Faulty shock absorber Replace
Abnormal noise.Loosening mounting Retighten
Damaged or worn wheel bearing Replace
Damaged shock absorber Replace
Damaged tire Replace
Poor ridingOver inflated tire Adjust pressure
Faulty shock absorber Replace
Loosened wheel nut Tighten as specified torque
Bent or broken coil spring Replace
Damaged tire Replace
Worn bushing Replace
Vehicle pulls to one sideDeformed arm assembly Replace
Worn bushing Replace
Bent or broken coil spring Replace
Hard steeringExcessive resistance of lower arm ball
jointReplace
Insufficient tire pressure Replace
Faulty power steering Replace
Unstable steering
Worn or loosened lower arm bushing Retighten or replace
Vehicle bottoming
Worn or broken coil spring Replace
Vehicle height loweredOver loaded on the vehicle -
Defective shock absorber Replace
Defective coil spring Replace

09-74850-01
Problem Possible Cause Action
Noise or vehicle
vibration when appliedIncorrectly mounted back plate or caliper Repair
Loosened bolt of back plate or caliper Retighten
Uneven wear of brake disc Replace
Brake pad contamination Clean or replace
Sticking brake pad on contact surface Replace
Wear or hardening of brake pad Replace
Excessive clearance between caliper and pad Repair
Uneven contact of pad Repair
Lack of lubrication in sliding parts Lubricate
Improper operation of caliper Replace
Dust cover missing Repair
Loosened suspension mounting bolt Retighten
Pulls to one side when
brakingUnbalanced tire pressure between left and right Adjust
Poor contact of brake pad Repair
Oil or grease on brake pad Replace
Scratch, uneven wear, distortion of brake disc Replace
Improperly installed brake caliper Repair
Improper operation of auto adjuster Repair
Crack or distortion of brake pad Replace
Poor braking Oil leak or contamination Repair or replace
Air in brake line Bleed air
Improper operation of brake booster Repair
Poor contact of brake pad Repair
Oil or grease on brake pad Replace
Improper operation of auto adjuster Repair
Clogged brake line Repair
Improper operation of proportioning valve Repair
3. TROUBLESHOOTING

10-16
KAMM circle ▶
Before we go into the Kamm circle, you should
know that a tire offers a maximum of 100 %
transmissibility. It is all the same for the tire
whether we require 100 % in the direction of
braking or in the direction of the acting lateral
force, e.g. when driving round curves. If we drive
into a curve too fast and the tire requires 100 %
transmissibility as cornering force, the tire cannot
transmit any additional brake force. In spite of the
ABS the car is carried out of the curve. The
relationship between brake force B and cornering
force S is shown very clearly in the Kamm circle.
If we put a vehicle wheel in this circle, the
relationship becomes even clearer. In this
relationship: as long as the acting forces and the
resulting force remain within the circle, the vehicle
is stable to drive. If a force exceeds the circle, the
vehicle leaves the road.
Brake force
When depressing the brake pedal the brake
force increases to the maximum, then the brake
force decreases until the wheel locks.
Cornering force
The cornering force is a maximum when the
wheel is turning freely with zero slip. When
braking the cornering force falls to zero if the
wheel locks (slip 100 %).
ABS operating range
The operating range starts just before the
maximum brake force and ends in maximum, for
the unstable range then begins, in which no
further modulation is possible. The ABS controls
the regulation of the brake pressure so that the
brake force only becomes great enough for a
sufficient proportion of cornering force to remain.
With ABS we remain in the Kamm circle as long
as the car is driving sensibly. We will leave
driving physics with these statements and turn to
the braking systems with and without ABS. -
-
- Brake and cornering force ▶

11-10
3. FUNCTION
1) Term Definition
ABS: Anti-Lock Brake System ▶
When the brake pedal is abruptly depressed, the HECU calculates the slip ratio of each wheel based on
information received from the wheel speed sensors and controls the hydraulic module data quickly and
precisely in order to maintain the friction between the road surface and tire optimal (static friction).
Therefore, by keeping the friction between the road surface and tire optimal, it is possible to obtain
following effects: Enhanced steering stability, improved direction stability, reduced stopping distance and
etc.
EBD: Electronic brake-Force Distribution ▶
This is to detect the tire speed from the wheel speed sensor in order to supply the braking pressure to
the rear tires individually. In other words, the HECU measures the tire deceleration speed continuously
and controls the rear inlet valve on the hydraulic modulator to obtain optimal braking force as much as
possible. Thereby, stopping distance, braking effect and straight stability are improved.
ESP: Electronic Stability Program ▶
This is used to make the vehicle stabilized to recognize the emergency driving conditions, and to control
the brake for each wheels and the engine power when the brake system or acceleration will not work
any more in dangerous circumstances.
TCS: Traction Control System ▶
When the wheel is slipping due to an excessive engine torque while starting off or driving, this controls
the driving force (braking force + engine torque) in order to prevent the wheel from slipping through the
engine or brake control.
AYC: Active Yaw Control ▶
This has been developed to help a driver avoid danger of losing control of the vehicle stability due to
understeer or oversteer during cornering, which is a part of the ESP function.
HBA: Hydraulic Brake Assistant ▶
Developed based on the fact that elderly drivers depress the brake pedal too soft even when hard
braking is necessary, this an assist system to operate the HECU drive motor immediately and apply high
braking force to the wheels when the brake pedal is depressed softly and the vehicle should be braked
in emergency.
ARP: Active Rollover Protection ▶
This is a supplementary device for safety in ESP system and can help minimize the rollover accidents by
detecting a potential rollover situation through the brake and engine control when making sudden lane
change or turning sharply by adding only the software, without any separate device or switch.

14-34170-09
1. SPECIFICATIONS
2. MAJOR CHANGES
Wheel assembly
16-inches silver 18-inches silver 18-inches hyper silver
PN: 41730-32000 PN: 41730-32200 PN: 41730-32300
- Added 18-inches hyper silver to wheel assembly
- Wheel offset and tire size are identical with existing specifications
Existing specifications New specifications
Description Specification
Tire 16 inch 225/75R 16
18 inch 255/60R 18
Tire inflation pressure Front: 32 psi
Rear: 32 psi (44 psi: when the vehicle is fully laden
with luggage)
Wheel 16 inch 6.5J x 16
18 inch 7.5J x 18
Balance weight 16 inch Inner: Attachment type
Outer: Clip type
18 inch Inner: Attachment type
Outer: Attachment type
Tightening torquse of wheel bolt 127.4 ~ 156.8 Nm

14-4
3. TROUBLE DIAGNOSIS
Problem Possible Cause Action
Uneven tire wear Incorrect tire pressure Adjust
Unbalanced wheel Adjust
Improper location change of tire Change tire location in
specified interval
Incorrect toe adjustmen Adjust
Incorrect wheel bearing preload adjustment Adjust
Malfunction of brake syste Adjust
Tire squeal, vibration Too low tire pressure Adjust
Unbalanced wheel or tire Adjust
Heavy vibration of wheel or tire Uneven tire wear
Uneven tire wear Check and adjust
Premature tire wear Too high tire pressure Adjust
Fast driving with low pressure tire Adjust
Overload Adjust

14-54170-09
Symptom Possible Cause
Wear at tread edge
Insufficient tire inflation pressure
or overload
Wear at tread center
Excessive tire inflation pressure
Excessive wear in the outer side of the
tread than in the inner side
Excessive camber or deflection of
knuckle arm
Excessive wear in the inner side of the
tread than in the outer side
Insufficient camber or deflection o
f
knuckle arm
1) Appearance Check
4. INSPECTION
InsideOutside
Inside
Outside
InsideOutside
Inside
Outside

14-74170-09
2) Typical Inspection
Tread
Inspect the tread condition on the tire surface
and various damages resulting from the
foreign materials, crack, stone or nail etc. If
there is any damage in the tire, repair or
replace it. 1.
Wear limit 2.
Measure the depth of the tire tread. If the
depth of the tread is below the specified
value, replace the tire -
You can see the protruded part in the
groove at the point with mark "▲", which
is the indicator of the tread wear limit.
The limit of the tread wear for all season
tires are 1.6 mm, which is the same as the
general tires, but the wear limit mark is
indicated as '↓'. -
-
Wear limit 1.6 mm
Higher than recommended pressure can cause hard ride, tire bruising or damage and rapid tread
wear at the center of the tire.
Excessive tire wear over the limit of the tread wear (1.6 mm) can cause lower sliding friction due to
longer braking distance, easy tire burst by foreign materials, tire hydroplaning, and tough brake and
steering wheel handling. -
-