Bearing clearance SUZUKI SWIFT 2008 2.G Service Workshop Manual

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine Table of Contents 0- i
0
Section 0
CONTENTS
General Information
General Information ................................ 0A-1
General Description ............................................. 0A-1
Abbreviations ...................................................... 0A-1
Symbols .............................................................. 0A-2
Wire Color Symbols ............................................ 0A-2
Fasteners Information ......................................... 0A-3
Vehicle Lifting Points ........................................... 0A-5
Engine Supporting Points ................................... 0A-7
Vehicle Identification Number ............................. 0A-7
Engine Identification Number .............................. 0A-7
Transmission Identification Number .................... 0A-7
Component Locatio n ........................................... 0A-8
Warning, Caution and Information Labels Location ............................................................ 0A-8
Maintenance and Lubricat ion ................. 0B-1
Precautions........................................................... 0B-1
Precautions for Maintenance and Lubrication ..... 0B-1
Scheduled Maintenance ...................................... 0B-1 Maintenance Schedule under Normal Driving Conditions ......................................................... 0B-1
Maintenance Recommended under Severe Driving Conditions ............................................. 0B-2
Repair Instructions .............................................. 0B-3 Accessory Drive Belt Inspection.......................... 0B-3
Accessory Drive Belt Repl acement ..................... 0B-4
Valve Lash (Clearance) Inspection ..................... 0B-4
Engine Oil and Filter Change .............................. 0B-4
Engine Coolant Change ...... ................................ 0B-5
Exhaust System Inspection ................................. 0B-6
Spark Plug Replacement .................................... 0B-6
Air Cleaner Filter Inspection ................................ 0B-6
Air Cleaner Filter Replac ement ........................... 0B-6 Fuel Lines and Connections Inspection .............. 0B-6
Fuel Filter Replacement ...................................... 0B-7
Fuel Tank Inspection ........................................... 0B-7
PCV Valve Inspection ......................................... 0B-7
Fuel Evaporative Emission Control System
Inspection .......................................................... 0B-7
Brake Discs and Pads Inspection ....................... 0B-7
Brake Hoses and Pipes Inspection ..................... 0B-7
Brake Fluid Inspection......................................... 0B-8
Brake Fluid Replacement .................................... 0B-8
Brake Lever and Cable Inspection ...................... 0B-8
Clutch Fluid Inspection ........................................ 0B-8
Tires Inspection ................................................... 0B-9
Wheel Discs Inspection ....................................... 0B-9
Wheel Bearing Inspection ................................... 0B-9
Suspension System Inspection ........................... 0B-9
Steering System Inspection .............................. 0B-10
Drive Shaft (Axle) Boots Inspection .................. 0B-10
Manual Transaxle Oil Inspection ....................... 0B-10
Manual Transaxle Oil Replacement .................. 0B-10
Automatic Transaxle Fluid Level Inspection...... 0B-11
Automatic Transaxle Fluid Replacement .......... 0B-11
Automatic Transaxle Fluid Cooler Hose Inspection ........................................................ 0B-11
All Latches, Hinges and Locks Inspection......... 0B-11
HVAC Air Filter (If Equipped) Inspection ........... 0B-12
HVAC Air Filter (If Equipped) Replacement ...... 0B-12
Final Inspection for Maint enance Service ......... 0B-12
Specifications .................... .................................0B-13
Tightening Torque Specifications ...................... 0B-13
Special Tools and Equipmen t ...........................0B-13
Recommended Fluids and Lubricants............... 0B-13
Special Tool ...................................................... 0B-14

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine Table of Contents 1-iii
EVAP Canister Purge Valve and Its Circuit
Inspection.......................................................... 1B-2
Vacuum Passage Inspection .............................. 1B-3
Vacuum Hose and Purge Valve Chamber Inspection.......................................................... 1B-3
EVAP Canister Purge Valve Inspection .............. 1B-3
EVAP Canister Inspection ... ................................ 1B-4
EGR Valve Removal and Installation .................. 1B-4
EGR Valve Inspection ......................................... 1B-4
PCV Hose Inspection .......................................... 1B-4
PCV Valve Inspection ......................................... 1B-5
Special Tools and Equipmen t ............................. 1B-5
Special Tool ........................................................ 1B-5
Engine Electrical Devices .. ..................... 1C-1
Repair Instructions .............................................. 1C-1
ECM Removal and Installation ............................ 1C-1
MAP Sensor Inspection ...................................... 1C-2
Electric Throttle Body Assembly On-Vehicle
Inspection.......................................................... 1C-2
Electric Throttle Body System Calibration ........... 1C-5
APP Sensor Assembly On-V ehicle Inspection .... 1C-5
APP Sensor Assembly Removal and Installation ......................................................... 1C-5
APP Sensor Assembly Inspection ...................... 1C-6
ECT Sensor Removal and In stallation ................ 1C-6
ECT Sensor Inspection ....................................... 1C-7
HO2S-1 and HO2S-2 Heater On-Vehicle Inspection.......................................................... 1C-7
HO2S-1 and HO2S-2 Removal and Installation ......................................................... 1C-7
CMP Sensor Removal and In stallation ............... 1C-8
Camshaft Position (CMP) Se nsor Inspection ...... 1C-8
CKP Sensor Removal and Installation ................ 1C-9
CKP Sensor Inspection ....................................... 1C-9
Knock Sensor Removal and Installation ........... 1C-10
Main Relay, Fuel Pump Relay and Starting
Motor Control Relay Inspection....................... 1C-10
MAF and IAT Sensor On-Vehicle Inspection .... 1C-11
MAF and IAT Sensor Removal and Installation ....................................................... 1C-11
MAF and IAT Sensor Inspection ....................... 1C-12
Electric Load Current Sensor On-Vehicle Inspection........................................................ 1C-12
Specifications ..................................................... 1C-13
Tightening Torque Specifications ...................... 1C-13
Engine Mechanical ......... ......................... 1D-1
General Description ............................................. 1D-1
Engine Construction Description ......................... 1D-1
Camshaft Position Control (VVT Variable Valve Timing) System Description .................... 1D-2
Diagnostic Information and Procedures ............ 1D-4 Compression Check ............................................ 1D-4
Engine Vacuum Check ....................................... 1D-5
Valve Lash (Clearance) Inspection ..................... 1D-6
Repair Instructions .............................................. 1D-9 Air Cleaner Components ..................................... 1D-9
Air Cleaner Element Removal and Installation .... 1D-9 Air Cleaner Element Ins
pection and Cleaning ..1D-10
Cylinder Head Co ver Removal and
Installation .......................................................1D-10
Throttle Body and Intake Manifold
Components ....................................................1D-12
Throttle Body On-Vehicle Inspection.................1D-13
Electric Throttle Body Assembly Removal and Installation .......................................................1D-13
Throttle Body Cleaning......................................1D-14
Intake Manifold Removal and Installation .........1D-14
Engine Mountings Components ........................1D-16
Engine Assembly Removal and Installation ......1D-17
Timing Chain Cover Components .....................1D-20
Timing Chain Cover Removal and Installation ..1D-21
Timing Chain Cover Inspection .........................1D-23
Oil Control Valve Removal and Installation .......1D-23
Oil Control Valve Inspection ..............................1D-24
Timing Chain and Chain Tensioner Components ....................................................1D-24
Timing Chain and Chain Tensioner Removal and Installation ................................................1D-25
Timing Chain and Chain Tensioner Inspection ..1D-27
Camshaft, Tappet and Shim Components ........1D-28
Camshaft, Tappet and Shim Removal and Installation .......................................................1D-29
Camshaft, Tappet and Shim Inspection ............1D-31
Valves and Cylinder Head Components ...........1D-34
Valves and Cylinder Head Removal and
Installation .......................................................1D-35
Valves and Cylinder Head Disassembly and Assembly.........................................................1D-37
Valves and Valve Guides Inspection.................1D-40
Cylinder Head Inspection . .................................1D-42
Valve Spring Inspection ....................................1D-43
Pistons, Piston Rings , Connecting Rods and
Cylinders Components ....................................1D-44
Pistons, Piston Rings , Connecting Rods and
Cylinders Removal and Installation .................1D-45
Pistons, Piston Rings , Connecting Rods and
Cylinders Disassembly and Assembly ............1D-46
Cylinders, Pistons and Piston Rings Inspection ........................................................1D-47
Piston Pins and Connecting Rods Inspection ...1D-49
Crank Pin and Connecting Rod Bearings Inspection ........................................................1D-50
Main Bearings, Cran kshaft and Cylinder
Block Components ..........................................1D-53
Main Bearings, Cran kshaft and Cylinder
Block Removal and Installa tion .......................1D-54
Crankshaft Inspection .......................................1D-57
Main Bearings Inspection . .................................1D-59
Sensor Plate Inspection ....................................1D-63
Rear Oil Seal Inspection ...................................1D-63
Flywheel Inspection...........................................1D-63
Cylinder Block Inspection ..................................1D-63
Specifications .................... .................................1D-64
Tightening Torque Specifications ......................1D-64
Special Tools and Equipmen t ...........................1D-66
Recommended Service Material .......................1D-66
Special Tool ......................................................1D-66

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine 1D-33 Engine Mechanical:
If measured camshaft journal clearance exceeds
limit, measure journal (housing) bore and outside
diameter of camshaft journal. Replace camshaft or
cylinder head assembly whichever the difference
from specification is greater.
Camshaft journal diameter [A]
Camshaft journal bearing bore [B]
Wear of Tappet and Shim
Check tappet and shim for pitting, scratches, or damage.
If any malcondition is found, replace.
Measure cylinder head bore and tappet outside diameter
to determine cylinder head-to-tappet clearance. If
clearance exceeds limit, replace tappet or cylinder head.
Cylinder head to tappet clearance
Standard: 0.025 – 0.066 mm (0.0010 – 0.026 in.)
Limit: 0.15 mm (0.0059 in.)
Tappet outside diameter [A]
Standard: 30.959 – 30.975 mm (1.2189 – 1.2195 in.)
Cylinder head tappet bore [B]
Standard: 31.000 – 31.025 mm (1.2205 – 1.2215 in.)
Item Standard
Intake side No.1 housing 26.940 – 26.955 mm
(1.0606 – 1.0612 in.)
Exhaust side No.1 housing 26.934 – 26.955 mm
(1.0604 – 1.0612 in.)
Others 22.934 – 22.955 mm
(0.9029 – 0.9037 in.)
Item Standard
Intake side No.1 housing —
Exhaust side No.1 housing 27.000 – 27.021 mm
(1.0630 – 1.0638 in.)
Others 23.000 – 23.021 mm
(0.9055 – 0.9063 in.)
I2RH0B140084-01
I2RH0B140085-01
I2RH0B140086-01

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine 1D-51 Engine Mechanical:
Connecting Rod Bearing Clearance1) Before checking bearing clearance, clean bearing and crank pin.
2) Install bearing in connecting rod and bearing cap.
3) Place a piece of gauging plastic (1) to full width of crank pin as contacted by bearing (parallel to
crankshaft), avoiding oil hole.
4) Install rod bearing cap (1) to connecting rod. When installing cap, be sure to point arrow mark (2)
on cap to crankshaft pulley side, as shown in figure.
After applying engine oil to bearing cap bolts (3),
tighten bearing cap bolts (3) gradually as follows.
a) Tighten all bearing cap bolts to 15 N ⋅m (1.5 kgf-
m, 11.0 lb-ft)
b) Retighten them to 45°
c) Repeat Step b) once again.
Tightening torque
Connecting rod bearing cap bolt: 15 N ⋅m (1.5
kgf-m, 11.0 lb-ft) and then retighten by
turning through 45 ° twice 5) Remove cap and using a scale (1) on gauging
plastic envelope (2), measure gauging plastic (2)
width at the widest point (clearance).
If clearance exceed its limit, use a new standard size
bearing referring to “Selection of Connecting Rod
Bearings: ”.
After selecting new bearing, recheck clearance.
Connecting rod bearing clearance
Standard: 0.029 – 0.047 mm (0.0011 – 0.0018 in.)
Limit: 0.065 mm (0.0026 in.)
6) If clearance can not be brought to its limit even by using a new standard size bearing, use next thicker
bearing and recheck clearance or regrind crank pin
to undersize and use 0.25 mm undersize bearing.
Selection of Connecting Rod Bearings
NOTE
• If bearing is in malcondition, or bearing clearance is out of specification, select a
new standard bearing according to the
following procedure and install it.
• When replacing crankshaft or connecting rod and its bearing due to any reason,
select new standard bearings to be
installed by referring to numbers stamped
on connecting rod and its cap and/or
alphabets stamped on crank web of No.3
cylinder.

1) Check stamped numbers on connecting rod and its cap as shown.
Three kinds of numbers (“1”, “2” and “3”) represent
the following connecting rod big end inside
diameters.
For example, stamped number “1” indicates that
corresponding connecting rod big end inside
diameter is 45.000 – 45.006 mm (1.7717 – 1.7718
in.).
Connecting rod big end inside diameter
I2RH0B140121-01
I6RS0B141026-01
Stamped
numbers Connecting rod big end inside diameter
1 45.0000 – 45.0060 mm (1.7717 – 1.7718 in.)
2 45.0061 – 45.0120 mm (1.7719 – 1.7721 in.)
3 45.0121 – 45.0180 mm (1.7722 – 1.7723 in.)
I2RH0B140123-01

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine 1D-59 Engine Mechanical:
Main Bearings InspectionS7RS0B1406038
General Information
• Service main bearings are available in standard size and 0.25 mm (0.0098 in.) undersize, and each of them
has 5 kinds of bearings differing in tolerance.
• Upper half of bearing (1) has oil groove (2) as shown in figure.
Install this half with o il groove to cylinder block.
• Lower half of bearing does not have an oil groove.
Visual Inspection
Check bearings for pitting, scratches, wear or damage.
If any malcondition is foun d, replace both upper and
lower halves. Never replace either half without replacing
the other half.
Main Bearing Clearance
NOTE
Do not rotate crankshaft while gauging
plastic is installed.

Check clearance by using ga uging plastic according to
the following procedure.
1) Remove bearing caps.
2) Clean bearings and main journals.
3) Place a piece of gauging plastic (1) the full width of bearing (parallel to crankshaft) on journal, avoiding
oil hole. 4) Tighten main bearing cap No.1 bolts (a) and main
bearing cap No.2 bolts (b) gradually as follows.
a) Tighten bolts (“1” through “10”) to 30 N ⋅m (3.0
kgf-m, 22.0 lb-ft) according to numerical order in
the figure.
b) In the same manner as in Step a), tighten them to 50 N ⋅m (5.0 kgf-m, 36.5 lb-ft).
c) In the same manner as in Step a), retighten them to 60 °.
d) Tighten bolts (“11” through “18”) to 25 N ⋅m (2.5
kgf-m, 18.0 lb-ft) according to numerical order in
the figure.
Tightening torque
Main bearing cap No.1 bolt (a): 30 Nm (3.0
kgf-m, 22.0 lb-ft), 50 Nm (5.0 kgf-m, 36.5 lb-ft)
and then retighten by turning through 60°
Main bearing cap No.2 bolt (b): 25 N·m (2.5
kgf-m, 18.0 lb-ft)
5) Remove bearing caps and using scale (1) on gauging plastic envelop (2), measure gauging plastic
width at its widest point. If clearance exceeds its
limit, replace bearing. Always replace both upper
and lower inserts as a unit.
A new standard bearing may produce proper
clearance. If not, it will be necessary to regrind
crankshaft journal for use of 0.25 mm undersize
bearing.
After selecting new bearing, recheck clearance.
Main bearing clearance
Standard: 0.021 – 0.041 mm (0.0008 – 0.0016 in.)
Limit: 0.054 mm (0.0021 in.)
I2RH0B140139-01
I2RH0B140140-01
I6RS0C140027-01
I2RH0B140141-01

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine Engine Mechanical: 1D-60
Selection of Main Bearings
Standard bearing
If bearing is in malcondition, or bearing clearance is out
of specification, select a new standard bearing according
to the following procedure and install it.
1) First check journal diameter. As shown in the figure, crank web No.2 has stamped numbers.
Three kinds of numbers (“1”, “2” and “3”) represent
the following journal diameters.
Stamped numbers on crank web No.2 represent
journal diameters marked with an arrow in the figure
respectively. For example, stamped number “1”
indicates that corresponding journal diameter is
51.9940 – 52.0000 mm (2.0471 – 2.0472 in.).
Crankshaft journal diameter2) Next, check bearing cap bore diameter without bearing. On mating surface of cylinder block, five
alphabets are stamped as shown in figure.
Three kinds of alphabets (“A”, “B” and “C”) or
numbers (“1”, “2” and “3”) represent the following
cap bore diameters.
Stamped alphabets or numbers on cylinder block
represent bearing cap bore diameter marked with an
arrow in the figure respectively.
For example, stamped “A” or “1” indicates that
corresponding bearing cap bo re diameter is 56.0000
– 56.0060 mm (2.2048 – 2.2049 in.).
Crankshaft bearing cap bore
Stamped
numbers Journal diameter
1 51.9940 – 52.0000 mm
(2.0471 – 2.0472 in.)
2 51.9880 – 51.9939 mm
(2.0468 – 2.0470 in.)
3 51.9820 – 51.9879 mm
(2.0465 – 2.0467 in.)
I2RH0B140142-01
Stamped alphabet
(number) Bearing cap bore diameter (without
bearing)
A or 1 56.0000 – 56.0060 mm
(2.2048 – 2.2049 in.)
B or 2 56.0061 – 56.0120 mm
(2.2050 – 2.2051 in.)
C or 3 56.0121 – 56.0180 mm
(2.2052 – 2.2054 in.)
I2RH0B140143-01

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine 1D-61 Engine Mechanical:
3) There are 5 kinds of standard bearings differing in thickness. To distinguish them, they are painted in the following colors at the position as indicated in figure.
Each color indicated the following th ickness at the center of bearing.
Standard size of crankshaft main bearing thickness
4) From number stamped on crank web No.2 and alphabets stamped on cylinder block, determine new standard bearing to be installed to journal, by referring to the table shown.
For example, if number stamped on crank web No.2 is “1 ” and alphabet stamped on cylinder block is “B”, install a
new standard bearing painted in “Brown” to its journal.
New standard size crankshaft main bearing specification
5) Using scale (1) on gauging plastic (2), check be aring clearance with newly selected standard bearing.
If clearance still exceeds its limit, use ne xt thicker bearing and recheck clearance.
6) When replacing crankshaft or cylinder block due to any reason, select new standard bearings to be installed by
referring to number stamped on new crankshaft or alphabets stamped on new cylinder block.
Color
painted Bearing thickness
Purple 1.992 – 1.996 mm (0.07843 – 0.07858 in.)
Brown 1.995 – 1.999 mm (0.07855 – 0.07870 in.) Green 1.998 – 2.002 mm (0.07867 – 0.07882 in.)Black 2.001 – 2.005 mm (0.07878 – 0.07893 in.)
Colorless (no paint) 2.004 – 2.008 mm (0.07890 – 0.07906 in.)
1. Paint
Number stamped on crank web No.2 (Journal diameter)
123
Alphabet stamped on cylinder block (Cap bore dia.) A or 1 Purple Brown Green
B or 2 Brown Green Black
C or 3 Green Black Colorless
New standard bearing to be installed
I2RH01140191-01
I2RH0B140141-01

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine Engine Mechanical: 1D-62
Undersize bearing (0.25 mm (0.0098 in.))
• 0.25 mm (0.0098 in.) undersize bearing is available, in five kinds varying in thickness.
To distinguish them, each bearing is painted in the following colors at such position as indicated in the figure.
Each color represents the following thickness at the center of bearing.
Undersize of crankshaft main bearing thickness
• If necessary, regrind crankshaft journal and sele ct undersize bearing to use with it as follows.
a. Regrind journal to the following finished diameter.
Finished journal diameter
51.7320 – 51.7500 mm (2.0367 – 2.0374 in.)
b. Using micrometer, measure regrind journal diameter. Measurement should be taken in two directions perpendicular to each other in order to check for out-of-round.
c. Using journal diameter measured above and alphabets stamped on cylinder block, select an undersize bearing
by referring to the following table.
Check bearing clearance with ne wly selected undersize bearing.
New undersize crankshaft main bearing specification
Color painted Bearing thickness
Red and Purple 2.117 – 2.121 mm (0.08335 – 0.08350 in.)
Red and Brown 2.120 – 2.124 mm (0.08347 – 0.08362 in.) Red and Green 2.123 – 2.127 mm (0.08359 – 0.08374 in.) Red and Black 2.126 – 2.130 mm (0.08371 – 0.08385 in.) Red only 2.129 – 2.133 mm (0.08382 – 0.08397 in.)
1. Paint
Measured journal diameter
51.7320 – 51.7379 mm (2.0367 – 2.0369 in.) 51.7380 – 51.7439 mm
(2.0370 – 2.0371 in.) 51.7440 – 51.7500 mm
(2.0372 – 2.0373 in.)
Alphabets stamped on cylinder block A (1) Red and Green Red and Brown Red and Purple
B (2) Red and Black Red and Green Red and Brown
C (3) Red only Red and Black Red and Green
Undersize bearing to be installed
I2RH01140192-01
I2RH0B140144-01

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine Engine Mechanical: 1D-64
Honing or Reboring Cylinders1) When any cylinder needs reboring, all other cylinders must also be rebored at the same time.
2) Select oversized piston according to amount of cylinder wear.
Oversize piston specification
Oversize 0.50: 78.453 – 78.468 mm (3.0887 –
3.0893 in.)
3) Using micrometer, measure piston diameter. Measurement position for piston diameter
“a”: 7.0 mm (0.28 in.) 4) Rebore and hone cylinder to the following
dimension.
NOTE
Before reboring, install all main bearing caps
in place and tighten to specification to avoid
distortion of bearing bores.

Cylinder bore diameter to be rebored
Oversize 0.50: 78.500 – 78.514 mm (3.0906 –
3.0911 in.)
5) Measure piston clearance after honing. Piston clearance
0.032 – 0.061 mm (0.0013 – 0.0024 in.)
Specifications
Tightening Torque SpecificationsS7RS0B1407001
I2RH01140157-01
Fastening part Tightening torque
Note
N ⋅mkgf-mlb-ft
Camshaft housing bolt 11 1.1 8.0 )
Cylinder head cover bolt Tighten 3 N ⋅m (0.3 kgf-m, 2.5 lb-ft), 5 N ⋅m
(0.5 kgf-m, 4.0 lb-ft) and 8 N ⋅m (0.8 kgf-m,
6.0 lb-ft) by the specified procedure )
Intake manifold bolt 23 2.3 17.0 )
Intake manifold nut 23 2.3 17.0 )
Intake manifold ground terminal bolt 11 1.1 8.0 )
Engine left mounting bracket nut 55 5.5 40.0 )
Engine right mounting nut 65 6.5 47.0 )
Engine rear mounting bush bolt 55 5.5 40.0 )
Starting motor terminal nut 11 1.1 8.0 )
Generator terminal nut 6 0.6 4.5 )
Intake manifold ground terminal bolt 11 1.1 18.0 )
Timing chain cover bolt 25 2.5 18.0 )
Timing chain cover nut 25 2.5 18.0 )
Cap bolt 25 2.5 18.0 )
Oil gallery pipe No.2 and No.3 bolt 11 1.1 8.0 )
Crankshaft pulley bolt 150 15.0 108.5 )
Oil control valve mounting nut 11 1.1 8.0 )
Oil gallery pipe No.1 bolt 30 3.0 21.5 )
Timing chain No.1 guide bolt 9 0.9 6.5 )
Timing chain tensioner bolt 25 2.5 18.0 )
Timing chain tensioner adjuster bolt 11 1.1 8.0 )
Camshaft housing bolt 5 N ⋅m (0.5 kgf-m, 4.0 lb-ft) and 11 N ⋅m (1.1
kgf-m, 8.0 lb-ft) by the specified procedure )
/ )
Intake cam timing sprocket bolt 60 6.0 43.5 )
Venturi plug 3.5 0.35 3.0 )
Cylinder head bolt for M8 25 2.5 18.0 )
Cylinder head bolt for M10 20 N ⋅m (2.0 kgf-m, 14.5 lb-ft), 40 N ⋅m (4.0
kgf-m, 29.0 lb-ft) and then retighten by
turning through to 60 ° twice )

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine Wheels and Tires: 2D-2
Lower than recommended pressure can cause:
• Tire squeal on turns
• Hard Steering
• Rapid and uneven wear on the edges of the tread
• Tire rim bruises and rupture
• Tire cord breakage
• High tire temperature
• Reduced handling
• High fuel consumption
Replacement Tires
When replacement is necessary, the original equipment
type tire should be used. Refer to the Tire Placard.
Replacement tires should be of the same size, load
range and construction as those originally on the vehicle.
Use of any other size or type tire may affect ride,
handling, speedometer / odometer calibration, vehicle
ground clearance and tire or snow chain clearance to the
body and chassis.
It is recommended that new tires be installed in pairs on
the same axle. If necessary to replace only one tire, it
should be paired with the tire having the most tread, to
equalize braking traction.
WARNING!
Do not mix different types of tires on the
same vehicle such as radial, bias and bias-
belted tires except in emergencies, because
handling may be seriously affected and may
result in loss of control.

The metric term for tire infl ation pressure is the kilo
pascal (kPa). Tire pressures is usually printed in both
kPa and kgf/cm
2 on the “Tire Placard”.
Metric tire gauges are available from tool suppliers.
The chart, shown the table, converts commonly used
inflation pressures from kPa to kgf/cm
2 and psi.
Wheels DescriptionS7RS0B2401002
Wheel Maintenance
Wheel repairs that use welding, heating, or peening are
not approved. All damaged wheels should be replaced.
Replacement Wheels
Wheels must be replaced if they are bent, dented, have
excessive lateral or radial runout, air leak through welds,
have elongated bolt holes, if lug wheel bolts won’t stay
tight, or if they are heavily rusted. Wheels with greater
runout than shown in the following may cause
objectional vibrations.
Replacement wheels must be equivalent to the original
equipment wheels in load capacity, diameter, rim with
offset and mounting configuration. A wheel of improper
size or type may affect wheel and bearing life, brake
cooling, speedometer / odometer calibration, vehicle
ground clearance and tire clearance to body and
chassis.
How to Measure Wheel Runout
To measure the wheel runout, it is necessary to use an
accurate dial indicator. The tire may be on or off the
wheel. The wheel should be installed to the wheel
balancer of the like for proper measurement.
Take measurements of both lateral runout “a” and radial
runout “b” at both inside an d outside of the rim flange.
With the dial indicator set in place securely, turn the
wheel one full revolution slowly and record every reading
of the indicator.
When the measured runout exceeds the specification
and correction by the balancer adjustment is impossible,
replace the wheel. If the reading is affected by welding,
paint or scratch, it should be ignored.
Lateral runout limit “a”
: 0.3 mm (0.012 in.)
Radial runout limit “b”
: 0.3 mm (0.012 in.)
kPa kgf/cm2psi
Conversion: 1 psi =
6.895 kPa 1 kgf/cm
2 =
98.066 kPa 160 1.6 23
180 1.8 26
200 2.0 29
220 2.2 32
240 2.4 35
260 2.6 38
280 2.8 41
300 3.0 44
I4RS0A240001-01