engine TOYOTA HIGHLANDER 2001 Service Repair Manual

A71007
MAF Meter Crankshaft Position Sensor
Actual Valve TimingCorrection Target Valve Timing
Feedback
Duty Control ECM
OCV
Vehicle Speed SignalECT Sensor Throttle Position Sensor
Camshaft Position Sensor
- DIAGNOSTICSSFI SYSTEM (2AZ-FE)
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245 Author
: Date
:
2005 HIGHLANDER REPAIR MANUAL (RM1144U)
DTC P0010 CAMSHAFT POSITION ºAº ACTUATOR
CIRCUIT (BANK 1)
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
The Variable Valve Timing (VVT) system includes the ECM, the Oil Control Valve (OCV) and the VVT control-
ler. The ECM sends a target duty-cycle control signal to the OCV. This control signal, sent to the OCV, regu-
lates the oil pressure applied to the VVT controller. Camshaft timing control is performed based on engine
operation conditions such as intake air volume, throttle position and engine coolant temperature.
The ECM controls the OCV based on the signals output from several sensors. The VVT controller regulates
the intake camshaft angle using oil pressure through the OCV. As a result, the relative position between the
camshaft and the crankshaft is optimized. Also, the engine torque and fuel economy improve, and exhaust
emissions decrease. The ECM detects the actual valve timing using signals from the camshaft position sen-
sor and the crankshaft position sensor. The ECM performs feedback control and verifies target valve timing.
DTC No.DTC Detection ConditionTrouble Area
P0010Open or short in OCV circuit

Open or short in OCV circuit

OCV

ECM
05EST-05

A87978
C2
OCV
1
2ECM
OC1+
OC1- E9
E9 16
15 G-W
G-R
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: Date
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2005 HIGHLANDER REPAIR MANUAL (RM1144U)
WIRING DIAGRAM
INSPECTION PROCEDURE
HINT:
Read freeze frame data using the hand-held tester or the OBD II scan tool. Freeze frame data records the
engine conditions when a malfunction is detected. When troubleshooting, freeze frame data can help deter-
mine if the vehicle was running or stopped, if the engine was warmed up or not, if the air-fuel ratio was lean
or rich, and other data from the time the malfunction occurred.
Hand-held tester:
1 PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING HAND-HELD TESTER (OCV OPERATION)
(a) Start the engine and warm it up.
(b) Connect the hand-held tester to the DLC3.
(c) Turn ON the ignition switch. Push the hand-held tester main switch.
(d) Enter the following menus: DIAGNOSIS
/ ENHANCED OBD II / ACTIVE TEST / VVT CTRL B1.
(e) Using the hand-held tester, operate the OCV and check the engine speed.
Standard:
Tester OperationSpecified Condition
OCV is OFFNormal engine speed
OCV is ONRough idle or engine stall
OK CHECK FOR INTERMITTENT PROBLEMS
(See page 05-9)
NG
2 INSPECT CAMSHAFT TIMING OIL CONTROL VALVE ASSY (OCV) (See page
10-2)
OK: OCV has no contamination and moves smoothly.
NG REPLACE CAMSHAFT TIMING OIL CONTROL
VALVE ASSY
OK

A53155
Wire Harness Side
C2
OCV
A67528A87357
OCV Signal Waveform
1 msec./Division5 V/
Division
GNDE9
ECM
OC1 +
OC1-
- DIAGNOSTICSSFI SYSTEM (2AZ-FE)
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: Date
:
2005 HIGHLANDER REPAIR MANUAL (RM1144U)
OBD II scan tool (excluding hand-held tester):
1 CHECK CAMSHAFT TIMING OIL CONTROL VALVE ASSY (OPERATE OCV)
(a) Start the engine and warm it up.
(b) Disconnect the OCV connector.
(c) Apply battery positive voltage to the terminals of the OCV.
(d) Check the engine speed.
OK: Rough idle or engine stalled.
NG REPLACE CAMSHAFT TIMING OIL CONTROL
VALVE ASSY
OK
2 CHECK ECM (OCV SIGNAL)
(a) During idling, check the waveform of the ECM connector
using an oscilloscope.
Standard:
Tester ConnectionSpecified Condition
E9-16 (OC1+) - E9-15 (OC1-)Correct waveform is as shown
NG REPLACE ECM (See page 10-9)
OK

- DIAGNOSTICSSFI SYSTEM (2AZ-FE)
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2005 HIGHLANDER REPAIR MANUAL (RM1144U)
DTC P0011 CAMSHAFT POSITION ºAº -TIMING OVER-
ADVANCED OR SYSTEM PERFORMANCE
(BANK 1)
DTC P0012 CAMSHAFT POSITION ºAº -TIMING OVER-
RETARDED (BANK 1)
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
Refer to DTC P0010 on page 05-55.
DTC No.DTC Detection ConditionTrouble Area
P0011
After engine is warmed up and engine speed is at 550 to 4,000
rpm, condition (a) continues (1 trip detection logic)
(a) Valve timing does not change from current valve timing
(Problem of advanced valve timing)
Valve timing

OCV

VVT controller assembly

ECM
P0012
After engine is warmed up and engine speed is at 550 to 4,000
rpm, condition (a) continues (2 trip detection logic)
(a) Valve timing does not change from current valve timing
(Problem of retarded valve timing)

Same as DTC No. P0011
MONITOR DESCRIPTION
The ECM optimizes the valve timing using the Variable Valve Timing (VVT) system to control the intake valve
camshaft. The VVT system includes the ECM, the Oil Control Valve (OCV) and the VVT controller. The ECM
sends a target duty-cycle control signal to the OCV. This control signal, sent to the OCV, regulates the oil
pressure applied to the VVT controller. The VVT controller can advance or retard the intake valve camshaft.
Example:
A DTC will be set if: 1) the difference between the ºtargetº and ºactualº valve timing is more than 5 degrees
of the camshaft angle (CA) and the condition continues for more than 4.5 seconds; or 2) the OCV is forcibly
activated 63 times or more.
Advanced cam DTCs are subject to º1 tripº detection logic.
Retarded cam DTCs are subject to º2 tripº detection logic.
MONITOR STRATEGY
Related DTCsP0011: Advanced camshaft timing
P0012: Retarded camshaft timing
Required sensors / components (Main)VVT OCV and VVT Actuators
Required sensors / components (Related)CKP, CMP and ECT sensors
Frequency of operationOnce per driving cycle
DurationWithin 10 sec.
MIL operationP0011: Immediate
P0012: 2 driving cycles
Sequence of operationNone
TYPICAL ENABLING CONDITIONS
The monitor will run whenever these DTCs are not presentSee page 05-16
Battery voltage11 V or more
Throttle position learningCompleted
Engine RPM550 to 4,000 rpm
ECT75 to 100C (167 to 212F)
05ESU-05

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: Date
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2005 HIGHLANDER REPAIR MANUAL (RM1144U)
TYPICAL MALFUNCTION THRESHOLDS
Deviation of valve timingMore than 5CA (Crankshaft Angle)
OCV activation63 times or more
Response of valve timing1 sec./CA or more (valve timing does not change)
If the difference between ºtargetº and ºactualº camshaft timing is larger than the specified value, the ECM
operates the VVT actuator.
The ECM then monitors the camshaft timing change for 5 seconds.
WIRING DIAGRAM
Refer to DTC P0010 on page 05-55.
INSPECTION PROCEDURE
HINT:
Abnormal bankProblem of advanced OCVProblem of retarded OCV
Bank 1P0011P0012
Read freeze frame data using the hand-held tester or the OBD II scan tool. Freeze frame data records the
engine conditions when a malfunction is detected. When troubleshooting, freeze frame data can help deter-
mine if the vehicle was running or stopped, if the engine was warmed up or not, if the air-fuel ratio was lean
or rich, and other data from the time the malfunction occurred.
Hand-held tester:
1 CHECK VALVE TIMING (See page 14-68)
(a) Check for a loose or jumped tooth of the timing chain.
OK: The matchmarks of the crankshaft pulley and camshaft pulley are aligned.
NG ADJUST VALVE TIMING (See page 14-68)
OK
2 PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING HAND-HELD TESTER (OPERATE OF OCV)
(a) Connect the hand-held tester to the DLC3.
(b) Start the engine and warm it up.
(c) Turn ON the ignition switch. Push the hand-held tester main switch.
(d) Enter the following menus: DIAGNOSIS / ENHANCED OBD II / ACTIVE TEST / VVT CTRL B1.
(e) Using the hand-held tester, operate the OCV and check the engine speed.
Standard:
Tester OperationSpecified Condition
OCV is OFFNormal engine speed
OCV is ONRough idle or engine stall
NG Go to step 4
OK

A67528A87357
OCV Signal Waveform
1 msec./Division5 V/
Division
GNDE9
ECM
OC1 +
OC1-
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2005 HIGHLANDER REPAIR MANUAL (RM1144U)
3 CHECK IF DTC OUTPUTS REOCCUR
(a) Erase the DTC(s) using one of the following methods: 1) use the hand-held tester, 2) disconnect the
battery cable for more than 60 seconds, or 3) remove the EFI NO. 1 and ETCS fuses for more than
60 seconds.
HINT:
After disconnecting the battery cable, perform the ºINITIALIZEº procedure (see page 05-893).
(b) Start and warm up the engine.
(c) Drive the vehicle for 10 minutes or more.
(d) Read output DTC using the hand-held tester.
OK: No DTC is output.
OK VVT SYSTEM OK*
HINT:
*: DTCs P0011 and P0012 are output when a foreign object in
the engine oil enters the system. These codes will stay even if
the system returns to normal after a short time. Foreign objects
are filtered out by the oil filter.
NG
4 CHECK ECM (OCV SIGNAL)
(a) During idling, check the waveform of the ECM connector
using an oscilloscope.
Standard:
Tester ConnectionSpecified Condition
E9-16 (OC1+) - E9-15 (OC1-)Correct waveform is as shown
NG REPLACE ECM (See page 10-9)
OK

A76968
(-) (+)
C2
OCV
- DIAGNOSTICSSFI SYSTEM (2AZ-FE)
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255 Author
: Date
:
2005 HIGHLANDER REPAIR MANUAL (RM1144U)
11 CHECK IF DTC OUTPUTS REOCCUR
(a) Erase the DTC(s) using one of the following methods: 1) use the hand-held tester, 2) disconnect the
battery cable for more than 60 seconds, or 3) remove the EFI NO. 1 and ETCS fuses for more than
60 seconds.
HINT:
After disconnecting the battery cable, perform the ºINITIALIZEº procedure (see page 05-893).
(b) Start and warm up the engine.
(c) Drive the vehicle for 10 minutes or more.
(d) Read output DTC using the hand-held tester.
OK: No DTC is output.
OK VVT SYSTEM OK*
HINT:
*: DTCs P0011 and P0012 are output when a foreign object in
the engine oil enters the system. These codes will stay even if
the system returns to normal after a short time. Foreign objects
are filtered out by the oil filter.
NG
REPLACE ECM (See page 10-9)
OBD II scan tool (excluding hand-held tester):
1 CHECK VALVE TIMING (See page 14-68)
(a) Check for loose or jumped tooth of timing chain.
OK: The matchmarks of the crankshaft pulley and camshaft pulley are alined.
NG ADJUST VALVE TIMING (See page 14-68)
OK
2 INSPECT OPERATION OF OCV
(a) Start the engine.
(b) Check the engine speed with (1) and (2).
(1) Disconnect the C2 OCV connector.
(2) Apply battery positive voltage between the termi-
nals of the OCV.
Result:
Proceed toCheck (1)Check (2)
ANormal engine speedRough idle or engine stall
BConditions other than AConditions other than A
B Go to step 4
A

A67528A87357
OCV Signal Waveform
1 msec./Division5 V/
Division
GNDE9
ECM
OC1 +
OC1-
05-66
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2005 HIGHLANDER REPAIR MANUAL (RM1144U)
3 CHECK IF DTC OUTPUTS REOCCUR
(a) Erase the DTC(s) using one of the following methods: 1) use the hand-held tester, 2) disconnect the
battery cable for more than 60 seconds, or 3) remove the EFI NO. 1 and ETCS fuses for more than
60 seconds.
HINT:
After disconnecting the battery cable, perform the ºINITIALIZEº procedure (see page 05-893).
(b) Start and warm up the engine.
(c) Drive the vehicle for 10 minutes or more.
(d) Read output DTC using the hand-held tester.
OK: No DTC is output.
OK VVT SYSTEM OK*
HINT:
*: DTCs P0011 and P0012 are output when a foreign object in
the engine oil enters the system. These codes will stay even if
the system returns to normal after a short time. Foreign objects
are filtered out by the oil filter.
NG
4 CHECK ECM (OCV SIGNAL)
(a) During idling, check the waveform of the ECM connector
using an oscilloscope.
Standard:
Tester ConnectionSpecified Condition
E9-16 (OC1+) - E9-15 (OC1-)Correct waveform is as shown
NG REPLACE ECM (See page 10-9)
OK

05-68
- DIAGNOSTICSSFI SYSTEM (2AZ-FE)
258 Author
: Date
:
2005 HIGHLANDER REPAIR MANUAL (RM1144U)
11 CHECK IF DTC OUTPUTS REOCCUR
(a) Erase the DTC(s) using one of the following methods: 1) use the hand-held tester, 2) disconnect the
battery cable for more than 60 seconds, or 3) remove the EFI NO. 1 and ETCS fuses for more than
60 seconds.
HINT:
After disconnecting the battery cable, perform the ºINITIALIZEº procedure (see page 05-893).
(b) Start and warm up the engine.
(c) Drive the vehicle for 10 minutes or more.
(d) Read output DTC using the hand-held tester.
OK: No DTC is output.
OK VVT SYSTEM OK*
HINT:
*: DTCs P0011 and P0012 are output when a foreign object in
the engine oil enters the system. These codes will stay even if
the system returns to normal after a short time. Foreign objects
are filtered out by the oil filter.
NG
REPLACE ECM (See page 10-9)

- DIAGNOSTICSSFI SYSTEM (2AZ-FE)
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2005 HIGHLANDER REPAIR MANUAL (RM1144U)
DTC P0016 CRANKSHAFT POSITION - CAMSHAFT
POSITION CORRELATION (BANK 1 SENSOR
A)
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
Refer to DTC P0335 and P0339 on page 05-166.
DTC No.DTC Detection ConditionTrouble Area
P0016Deviation in crankshaft position sensor signal and VVT sensor
(bank 1) signal (2 trip detection logic)
Mechanical system (jumped tooth of timing chain, chain
stretched)

ECM
MONITOR DESCRIPTION
The ECM optimizes the valve timing using the Variable Valve Timing (VVT) system to control the intake valve
camshaft. The VVT system includes the ECM, the Oil Control Valve (OCV) and the VVT controller. The ECM
sends a target duty-cycle control signal to the OCV. This control signal, sent to the OCV, regulates the oil
pressure applied to the VVT controller. The VVT controller can advance or retard the intake valve camshaft.
The ECM calibrates the valve timing of the VVT system by setting the camshaft to the maximum retard angle
when the engine is idling. The ECM closes the OCV to retard the cam. The ECM stores this value as a VVT
learning value. When the difference between the target valve timing and the actual valve timing is 5 degrees
or less, the ECM stores this in its memory.
If the learning value meets both of the following conditions (ºaº and ºbº), the ECM interprets this as a defect
in the VVT system and sets a DTC.
(a) The VVT learning value is less than 27CA or more than 49CA.
(b) The Above condition continues for more than 18 seconds.
MONITOR STRATEGY
Related DTCsP0016: Camshaft timing misalignment at Idling
Required sensors / components (Main)VVT actuator
Required sensors / components (Related)CMP and CKP sensors
Frequency of operationOnce per driving cycle
DurationWithin 60 sec.
MIL operation2 driving cycles
Sequence of operationNone
TYPICAL ENABLING CONDITIONS
The monitor will run whenever this DTC is not presentSee page 05-16
Engine RPM550 to 1,400 rpm
TYPICAL MALFUNCTION THRESHOLDS
Duration that either of the following conditions 1 or 2 is met18 sec. or more
1. VVT angle when camshaft is retarded maximumLess than 27CA
2. VVT angle when camshaft is retarded maximumMore than 49CA
0520A-16