engine TOYOTA HIGHLANDER 2001 Service Repair Manual

- DIAGNOSTICSSFI SYSTEM (2AZ-FE)(From August, 2004)
05-291
481 Author
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OBD II MONITOR SPECIFICATIONS
Monitor Strategy
Required Sensors/ComponentsPurge VSV and pump module
Frequency of OperationOnce per driving cycle
DurationWithin 15 minutes (varies with amount of fuel in tank)
MIL Operation2 driving cycles
Sequence of OperationNone
Typical Enabling Conditions
The monitor will run whenever these DTCs are not presentSee page 05-16
EVAP key-off monitor runs when all of the following condi-
tions are met:-
Atomspheric pressure525 to 825 mmHg (70 to 110 kPa)
Battery voltage10.5 V or more
Vehicle speedBelow 4 km/h (2.5 mph)
Ignition switchOFF
Engine conditionNot running
Time after engine is stopped5 hours
FTP sensor malfunction (P0450, P0452, P0453)Not detected
Purge VSVNot operated by scan tool
Vent valveNot operated by scan tool
Leak detection pumpNot operated by scan tool
Both of the following conditions are met before IG switch
OFF:Condition 1 and 2
1. Duration that vehicle is driven5 min. or more
2. Purge flowExecuted
ECT4.4 to 35C (40 to 95F)
IAT4.4 to 35C (40 to 95F)
Example of re-start time
First time7 hours
Second time9 hours and 30 min.
Key-of f monitor sequence: 1 to 8
1. Atmospheric pressure
Next sequence is run if following condition met-
Atmospheric pressure change for 10 sec.Within 2.25 mmHg (0.3 kPa) for 1 sec.
2. First reference pressure
Next sequence is run if all of following conditions metCondition 1, 2 and 3
1. FTP when 4 sec. after reference pressure measurement-7.5 mmHg (-1 kPa) or less
2. Reference pressure-36.47 to -7.93 mmHg (-4.85 to -1.057 kPa)
3. Reference pressureSaturated
3. Vent valve stuck closed check
Next sequence is run if following condition met-
FTP change for 10 sec. after vent valve ON (closed)2.25 mmHg (0.3 kPa) or more
4. Vacuum introduction and leak
Next sequence is run if both of following conditions metCondition 1 and 2
1. Vacuum introduction timeWithin 15 min.
2. FTPFTP was saturated
5. Purge VSV stuck closed check
Next sequence is run if following condition met-
FTP change for 10 sec. after purge VSV ON (open)2.25 mmHg (0.3 kPa) or more

A96746
Fuel Tank Canister
Vacuum Pump: OFF Pressure Sensor 0.02 Inch Orifice
Pump Module
Operation A: Atmospheric Pressure Measurement
Vent Valve: OFF (vent)
Operation D: Purge VSV monitor Operation B, E: 0.02 Inch Leak Pressure Measurement
Negative
Pressure Atmospheric
Pressure Air Filter
Purge VSV: OFFOFF (vent)
ON
OFF
OFF
ON
ON (closed)ON
ON
ON (closed)
Operation C: EVAP System Pressure Measurement
- DIAGNOSTICSSFI SYSTEM (2AZ-FE)(From August, 2004)
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MONITOR DESCRIPTION
5 hours* after the ignition switch is turned OFF, the electric vacuum pump creates negative pressure (vacu-
um) in the EVAP (Evaporative Emission) system. The ECM monitors for leaks and actuator malfunctions
based on the EVAP pressure.
HINT:
*: If the engine coolant temperature is not below 35C (95F) 5 hours after the ignition switch is turned off,
the monitor check starts 2 hours later. If it is still not below 35C (95F) 7 hours after the ignition switch is
turned off, the monitor check starts 2.5 hours later.
SequenceOperationsDescriptionsDuration
-ECM activationActivated by soak timer, 5 hours (7 or 9.5 hours) after ignition switch turned to OFF.-
AAtmospheric pressure
measurement
Vent valve turned OFF (vent) and EVAP system pressure measured by ECM in order to
register atmospheric pressure.
If EVAP pressure is not between 70 kPa and 110 kPa (525 mmHg and 825 mmHg), ECM
cancels EVAP system monitor.
10 seconds
B
First 0.02 inch leak
pressure measure-
mentIn order to determine 0.02 inch leak pressure standard, vacuum pump creates negative pres-
sure (vacuum) through 0.02 inch orifice and them ECM checks if vacuum pump and vent
valve operate normally.
60 seconds
CEVAP system pres-
sure measurement
Vent valve turned ON (closed) to shut EVAP system.
Negative pressure (vacuum) created in EVAP system, and EVAP system pressure then
measured.
Write down the measured value as it will be used in the leak check.
If EVAP pressure does not stabilize within 15 minutes, ECM cancels EVAP system monitor.
15 minutes*
DPurge VSV monitorPurge VSV opened and then EVAP system pressure measured by ECM.
Large increase indicates normal.10 seconds
E
Second 0.02 inch leak
pressure measure-
mentLeak check is performed after second 0.02 inch leak pressure standard is measured.
If stabilized system pressure higher than second 0.02 inch leak pressure standard, ECM
determines that EVAP system leaking.
60 seconds
FFinal checkAtmospheric pressure measured and then monitoring result recorded by ECM.-
* If only a small amount of fuel is in the fuel tank, it takes longer for the EVAP pressure to stabilize.

05-298
- DIAGNOSTICSSFI SYSTEM (2AZ-FE)(From August, 2004)
488 Author
: Date
:
OBD II MONITOR SPECIFICATIONS
Monitor Strategy
Required Sensors/ComponentsPurge VSV and pump module
Frequency of OperationOnce per driving cycle
DurationWithin 15 minutes (varies with amount of fuel in tank)
MIL Operation2 driving cycles
Sequence of OperationNone
Typical Enabling Conditions
The monitor will run whenever these DTCs are not presentSee page 05-16
EVAP key-off monitor runs when all of the following condi-
tions met:-
Atmospheric pressure525 to 825 mmHg (70 to 110 kPa)
Battery voltage10.5 V or more
Vehicle speedBelow 4 km/h (2.5 mph)
Ignition switchOFF
Engine conditionNot running
Time after engine stopped5 hours
FTP sensor malfunction (P0450, P0452, P0453)Not detected
Purge VSVNot operated by scan tool
Vent valveNot operated by scan tool
Leak detection pumpNot operated by scan tool
Both of the following conditions are met before IG switch
OFF:Condition 1 and 2
1. Duration that vehicle is driven5 min. or more
2. Purge flowExecuted
ECT4.4 to 35C (40 to 95F)
IAT4.4 to 35C (40 to 95F)
Accumulated purge volume100 g or more (varies with engine coolant temperature)
Example of re-start time
First time7 hours
Second time9 hours and 30 min.
Key-of f monitor sequence: 1 to 8
1. Atmospheric pressure
Next sequence is run if following condition met-
Atmospheric pressure change for 10 sec.Within 2.25 mmHg (0.3 kPa) for 1 sec.
2. First reference pressure
Next sequence is run if all of following conditions metCondition 1, 2 and 3
1. FTP when 4 sec. after reference pressure measurement-7.5 mmHg (-1 kPa) or less
2. Reference pressure-36.47 to -7.93 mmHg (-4.85 to -1.057 kPa)
3. Reference pressureSaturated
3. Vent valve stuck closed check
Next sequence is run if following condition met-
FTP change for 10 sec. after vent valve ON (closed)2.25 mmHg (0.3 kPa) or more
4. Vacuum introduction and leak
Next sequence is run if both of following conditions metCondition 1 and 2
1. Vacuum introduction timeWithin 15 min.
2. FTPFTP was saturated
5. Purge VSV stuck closed check
Next sequence is run if following condition met-
FTP change for 10 sec. after purge VSV ON (open)2.25 mmHg (0.3 kPa) or more

A85251
Soak Timer Circuit
Ignition Switch
IGSW
Power
ECM
EFI MAIN
MREL+B
15 ASource IC
Soak Timer ICMain Relay
Control IC
Battery 05-300
- DIAGNOSTICSSFI SYSTEM (2AZ-FE)
490 Author
: Date
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2005 HIGHLANDER REPAIR MANUAL (RM1144U)
DTC P2610 ECM/PCM INTERNAL ENGINE OFF TIMER
PERFORMANCE
DTC SUMMARY
DTCMonitoring ItemsMalfunction Detection ConditionsTrouble AreasDetection
TimingsDetection
Logic
P2610Soak timer (built into ECM)ECM internal malfunctionECMEngine
running2 trip
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
To ensure the accuracy of the EVAP (Evaporative Emission) monitor values, the soak timer, which is built
into the ECM, measures 5 hours (
15 minutes) from when the ignition switch is turned OFF, before the moni-
tor is run. This allows the fuel to cool down, which stabilizes the Fuel Tank Pressure (FTP). When 5 hours
have elapsed, the ECM turns on.
MONITOR DESCRIPTION
5 hours after the ignition switch is turned OFF, the soak timer activates the ECM to begin the EVAP system
monitor. While the engine is running, the ECM monitors the synchronization of the soak timer and the CPU
clock. If these two are not synchronized, the ECM interprets this as a malfunction, illuminates the MIL and
sets the DTC (2 trip detection logic).
05IRF-02

- DIAGNOSTICSSFI SYSTEM (2AZ-FE)
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2005 HIGHLANDER REPAIR MANUAL (RM1144U)
OBD II MONITOR SPECIFICATIONS
Monitor Strategy
Required Sensors/ComponentsECM
Frequency of OperationOnce per driving cycle
Duration10 minutes
MIL Operation2 driving cycles
Sequence of OperationNone
Typical Enabling Conditions
The monitor will run whenever this DTC is not presentSee page 05-16
Ignition switchON
EngineRunning
Battery voltage8 V or more
StarterOFF
Typical Malfunction Thresholds
Soak timer measurement when ECM CPU clock counts 10
minutesLess than 7 minutes, or more than 13 minutes
INSPECTION PROCEDURE
HINT:

DTC P2610 is set if an internal ECM problem is detected. Diagnostic procedures are not required. ECM
replacement is required.

Read freeze frame data using a hand-held tester or OBD II scan tool. Freeze frame data record the
engine condition when malfunctions are detected. When troubleshooting, freeze frame data can help
determine if the vehicle was moving or stationary, if the engine was warmed up or not, if the air-fuel
ratio was lean or rich, and other data, from the time the malfunction occurred.
1 REPLACE ECM (see page 10-9)
NEXT
CHECK WHETHER DTC OUTPUT RECURS
(a) Connect a hand-held tester to the DLC3.
(b) Turn the ignition switch to ON.
(c) Clear DTCs (see page 05-38).
(d) Start the engine and wait for 10 minutes or more.
(e) On the tester, select the following menu items: DIAGNOSIS / ENHANCED OBD II / DTC INFO / PEND-
ING CODES.
(f) If no pending DTC is displayed, the repair has been successfully completed.

D02290
Line Pressure
Control Pressure
Current Flow to Solenoid
BE4056
ON
OFF
1 cycle 05-974
- DIAGNOSTICSELECTRONIC CONTROLLED AUTOMATIC
TRANSAXLE [ECT] (U241E/U140F)
1164 Author
: Date
:
2005 HIGHLANDER REPAIR MANUAL (RM1144U)
DTC P2716 PRESSURE CONTROL SOLENOID ºDº
ELECTRICAL (SHIFT SOLENOID SLT)
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
The linear solenoid valve (SLT) controls the transmission line
pressure for smooth transmission operation based on signals
from the throttle position sensor and the vehicle speed sensor.
The ECM adjusts the duty cycle of the SLT solenoid valve to
control hydraulic line pressure coming from the primary regula-
tor valve. Appropriate line pressure assures smooth shifting
with varying engine outputs.
(*): Duty Ratio
The duty ratio is the ratio of the period of continuity in one cycle.
For example, if A is the period of continuity in one cycle, and B
is the period of non-continuity, then
Duty Ratio=A/(A+B) x 100 (%)
DTC No.DTC Detection ConditionTrouble Area
P2716
Condition (a) or (b) below is detected 1 sec. or more:
(1-trip detection logic)
(a) SLT-
terminal: 0V
(b) SLT-
terminal: 12V

Open or short in shift solenoid valve SLT circuit

Shift solenoid valve SLT

ECM
MONITOR DESCRIPTION
When an open or short in the linear solenoid valve (SLT) circuit is detected, the ECM interprets this as a fault.
The ECM will turn ON the MIL and store the DTC.
MONITOR STRATEGY
Related DTCsP2716: Shift solenoid valve SLT/Range check
Required sensors/ComponentsShift solenoid valve SLT
Frequency of operationContinuous
Duration1 sec.
MIL operationImmediate
Sequence of operationNone
TYPICAL ENABLING CONDITIONS
The monitor will run whenever this DTC is not present.See page 05-895
Battery voltage11 V or more
Solenoid current cut statusNot cut
CPU commanded duty ratio to SLT19% or more
Ignition switchON
StarterOFF
TYPICAL MALFUNCTION THRESHOLDS
Solenoid status from ICFail (Open or short)
05C19-26

05-978- DIAGNOSTICSELECTRONIC CONTROLLED AUTOMATIC
TRANSAXLE [ECT] (U241E/U140F)
1168 Author
: Date
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2005 HIGHLANDER REPAIR MANUAL (RM1144U)
DTC P2769 TORQUE CONVERTER CLUTCH SOLENOID
CIRCUIT LOW (SHIFT SOLENOID VALVE
DSL)
DTC P2770 TORQUE CONVERTER CLUTCH SOLENOID
CIRCUIT HIGH (SHIFT SOLENOID VALVE
DSL)
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
The shift solenoid valve DSL is turned ºONº and ºOFFº by signals from the ECM in order to control the hydrau-
lic pressure operation, the lock-up relay valve, which then the controls operation of the lock-up clutch.
DTC No.DTC Detection ConditionTrouble Area
P2769ECM detects short in solenoid valve DSL circuit (0.1 sec.)
when solenoid valve DSL is operated (2-trip detection logic)
Short in shift solenoid valve DSL circuit

Shift solenoid valve DSL

ECM
P2770
ECM detects open in solenoid valve DSL circuit (0.1 sec.)
when solenoid valve DSL is not operated (2-trip detection
logic)
Open in shift solenoid valve DSL circuit

Shift solenoid valve DSL

ECM
MONITOR DESCRIPTION
Torque converter lock-up is controlled by the ECM based on engine rpm, engine load, engine temperature,
vehicle speed, transmission temperature, and shift range selection. The ECM determines the lock-up status
of the torque converter by comparing the engine rpm (NE) to the input turbine rpm (NT). The ECM calculates
the actual transmission gear by comparing input turbine rpm (NT) to counter gear rpm (NC). When conditions
are appropriate, the ECM requests ºlock-upº by applying control voltage to shift solenoid DSL. When the
DSL is opened, solenoid DSL applies pressure to the lock-up relay valve and locks the torque converter
clutch. If the ECM detects an open or short in the DSL solenoid circuit, the ECM interprets this as a fault in
the DSL solenoid or circuit. The ECM will turn on the MIL and store the DTC.
MONITOR STRATEGY
Related DTCsP2769: Shift solenoid valve DSL/Range check (Low resistance)
P2770: Shift solenoid valve DSL/Range check (High resistance)
Required sensors/ComponentsShift solenoid valve DSL
Frequency of operationContinuous
Duration0.064 sec.
MIL operation2 driving cycles
Sequence of operationNone
TYPICAL ENABLING CONDITIONS
P2769: Range check (Low resistance)
The monitor will run whenever this DTC is not present.See page 05-895
Solenoid current cut statusNot cut
Shift solenoid valve DSLON
Battery voltage8 V or more
Ignition switchON
StarterOFF
0527R-37

05-928- DIAGNOSTICSELECTRONIC CONTROLLED AUTOMATIC
TRANSAXLE [ECT] (U241E/U140F)
111 8 Author
: Date
:
2005 HIGHLANDER REPAIR MANUAL (RM1144U)
DTC P0710 TRANSMISSION FLUID TEMPERATURE
SENSOR ºAº CIRCUIT
DTC P0712 TRANSMISSION FLUID TEMPERATURE
SENSOR ºAº CIRCUIT LOW INPUT
DTC P0713 TRANSMISSION FLUID TEMPERATURE
SENSOR ºAº CIRCUIT HIGH INPUT
CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
The ATF (Automatic Transmission Fluid) temperature sensor converts the fluid temperature into a resistance
value which is input into the ECM.
The ECM applies a voltage to the temperature sensor through ECM terminal THO1 (THO).
The sensor resistance changes with the transmission fluid temperature. As the temperature becomes high-
er, the sensor resistance decreases.
One terminal of the sensor is grounded so that the sensor resistance decreases and the voltage goes down
as the temperature becomes higher.
The ECM calculates the fluid temperature based on the voltage signal.
DTC No.DTC Detection ConditionTrouble Area
P0710
(a) and (b) is detected momentary within 0.5 sec. when neither
P0712 or P0713 is not detected (1-trip detection logic)
(a) ATF temperature sensor resistance is less than 79 W.
(b) ATF temperature sensor resistance is more than 156 kW.
HINT:
Within 0.5 sec., the malfunction switches from (a) to (b) or from
(b) to (a)

Open or short in ATF temperature sensor circuit

Transmission wire (ATF temperature sensor)

ECM
P0712ATF temperature sensor resistance is less than 79 W for 0.5
sec. or more (1-trip detection logic)
Short in ATF temperature sensor circuit

Transmission wire (ATF temperature sensor)

ECM
P0713
ATF temperature sensor resistance is more than 156 kW when
15 minutes or more after the engine start
DTC is detected for 0.5 sec. or more (1-trip detection logic)
Open in ATF temperature sensor circuit

Transmission wire (ATF temperature sensor)

ECM
MONITOR DESCRIPTION
The automatic transmission fluid (ATF) temperature sensor converts ATF temperature to an electrical resis-
tance value. Based on the resistance, the ECM determines the ATF temperature, and the ECM detects an
opens or shorts in the ATF temperature circuit. If the resistance value of the ATF temperature is less than
79
W*1 or more than 156 kW*2, the ECM interprets this as a fault in the ATF sensor or wiring. The ECM will
turn on the MIL and store the DTC.
*1: 150C (302F) or more is indicated regardless of the actual ATF temperature.
*2: -40C (-40F) is indicated regardless of the actual ATF temperature.
HINT:
The ATF temperature can be checked on the OBD II scan tool or hand-held tester display.
0527N-31

- DIAGNOSTICSELECTRONIC CONTROLLED AUTOMATIC
TRANSAXLE [ECT] (U241E/U140F)05-929
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2005 HIGHLANDER REPAIR MANUAL (RM1144U)
MONITOR STRATEGY
Related DTCs
P0710: ATF temperature sensor/Range check (Fluttering)
P0712: ATF temperature sensor/Range check (Low resistance)
P0713: ATF temperature sensor/Range check (High resistance)
Required sensors/ComponentsATF temperature sensor (TFT sensor)
Frequency of operationContinuous
Duration0.5 sec.
MIL operationImmediate
Sequence of operationNone
TYPICAL ENABLING CONDITIONS
P0710: Range check (Fluttering)
P0712: Range check (Low resistance)
The monitor will run whenever these DTCs are not present.See page 05-895
The typical enabling condition is not available.-
P0713: Range check (High resistance)
The monitor will run whenever this DTC is not present.See page 05-895
Time after engine start15 min. or more
TYPICAL MALFUNCTION THRESHOLDS
P0710: Range check (Fluttering)
TFT (transmission fluid temperature) sensor
Less than 79 W
or
More than 156 kW
P0712: Range check (Low resistance)
TFT (transmission fluid temperature) sensorLess than 79 W
P0713: Range check (High resistance)
TFT (transmission fluid temperature) sensorMore than 156 kW
COMPONENT OPERATING RANGE
TFT (transmission fluid temperature)Atmospheric temperature - approx. 130C (266F)

C54864
THO
E2 Transmission Wire Side:
(Connector Front View):
E10
- DIAGNOSTICSELECTRONIC CONTROLLED AUTOMATIC
TRANSAXLE [ECT] (U241E/U140F)05-931
1121 Author
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2005 HIGHLANDER REPAIR MANUAL (RM1144U)
INSPECTION PROCEDURE
HINT:
According to the DATA LIST displayed by the OBD II scan tool or hand-held tester, you can read the value
of the switch, sensor, actuator and so on without parts removal. Reading the DATA LIST as the first step of
troubleshooting is one method to shorten labor time.
(a) Warm up the engine.
(b) Turn the ignition switch off.
(c) Connect the OBD II scan tool or hand-held tester to the DLC3.
(d) Turn the ignition switch to the ON position.
(e) Push the ºONº button of the OBD II scan tool or the hand-held tester.
(f) When you use hand-held tester:
Select the item ºDIAGNOSIS/ENHANCED OBD II/DATA LISTº.
(g) According to the display on tester, read the ºDATA LISTº.
ItemMeasurement Item/
Range (display)Normal Condition
AT FLUID TEMP
ATF Temp. Sensor Value/
min.: -40C (-40F)
max.: 215C (419F)
Approx. 80C (176F) (After Stall Test)
HINT:
When DTC P0712 is output and OBD II scan tool or hand-held tester output is 150C (302F), there is a
short circuit.
When DTC P0713 is output and OBD II scan tool or hand-held tester output is -40C (-40F), there is an
open circuit.
Measure the resistance between terminal THO1 (THO) and body ground.
Temperature DisplayedMalfunction
-40°C (-40°F)Open circuit
150°C (302°F) or moreShort circuit
1 INSPECT TRANSMISSION WIRE(ATF TEMPERATURE SENSOR)
(a) Disconnect the transmission wire connector from the
transaxle.
(b) Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the
table below.
Standard:
Tester ConnectionSpecified Condition
1 (THO) - 6 (E2)79 W to 156 kW
(c) Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the
table below.
Standard (Check for short):
Tester ConnectionSpecified Condition
1 (THO) - Body ground10 kW or higher
6 (E2) - Body ground=
NG REPAIR OR REPLACE TRANSMISSION WIRE
(SEE PAGE 40-34)
OK